{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,18]],"date-time":"2026-07-18T09:30:39Z","timestamp":1784367039086,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":91,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,10,1]],"date-time":"2011-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1317427200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Plastic, Reconstructive &amp; Aesthetic Surgery"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,10]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2011.04.015","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,7,5]],"date-time":"2011-07-05T14:14:24Z","timestamp":1309875264000},"page":"1318-1333","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":44,"title":["Developmental facial paralysis: A review"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"64","author":[{"given":"Julia K.","family":"Terzis","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katerina","family":"Anesti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2011.04.015_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1001\/archotol.1983.00800170011003","article-title":"Evaluation and treatment of congenital facial paralysis","volume":"109","author":"Harris","year":"1983","journal-title":"Arch Otolaryngol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2011.04.015_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"494","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.8.4.494","article-title":"Some observations on facial paresis in the newborn infant: etiology and incidence","volume":"8","author":"Hepner","year":"1951","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2011.04.015_bib3","first-page":"218","article-title":"Birth injuries: incidence, mechanisms, and end results","volume":"23","author":"Rubin","year":"1964","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2011.04.015_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1097\/00006534-199001000-00001","article-title":"Facial nerve palsy in the newborn: incidence and outcome","volume":"85","author":"Falco","year":"1990","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2011.04.015_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"130","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2001-16610","article-title":"Long-term outcome in children with congenital unilateral facial nerve palsy","volume":"32","author":"Toelle","year":"2001","journal-title":"Neuropediatrics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2011.04.015_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"797","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.1.6166.797","article-title":"Why blame the obstetrician? A review","volume":"1","author":"Illingworth","year":"1971","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2011.04.015_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.74.1.56","article-title":"Is permanent congenital facial palsy caused by birth trauma?","volume":"74","author":"Laing","year":"1996","journal-title":"Arch Dis Child"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2011.04.015_bib8","series-title":"Grant\u2019s atlas of anatomy","author":"Agur","year":"2009"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2011.04.015_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1016\/S0720-048X(01)00381-3","article-title":"CT and MR imaging of the normal and pathologic conditions of the facial nerve","volume":"40","author":"Jager","year":"2001","journal-title":"Eur J Radiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2011.04.015_bib10","first-page":"33","article-title":"The facial canal: normal anatomy, variations and anomalies. Annals of otology, rhinology","volume":"97","author":"Proctor","year":"1982","journal-title":"Laryngol - Suppl"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2011.04.015_bib11","first-page":"45","article-title":"Anatomical variations and anomalies involving the facial canal","volume":"97","author":"Nager","year":"1982","journal-title":"Ann Otology Rhinology Laryngol - Suppl"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2011.04.015_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"407","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nic.2009.06.008","article-title":"Imaging of the facial nerve","volume":"19","author":"Raghavan","year":"2009","journal-title":"Neuroimag Clin N Am"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2011.04.015_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1021","DOI":"10.1177\/019459988108900628","article-title":"Facial paralysis in the newborn","volume":"89","author":"Smith","year":"1981","journal-title":"Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2011.04.015_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"837","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198510033131401","article-title":"Retinoid acid embryopathy","volume":"313","author":"Lammer","year":"1985","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2011.04.015_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1273","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02980268","article-title":"Moving cell bodies: understanding the migratory mechanism of facial motor neurons","volume":"30","author":"Song","year":"2007","journal-title":"Arch Pharm Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2011.04.015_bib16","first-page":"80","article-title":"Cranial nerve defects in congenital facial palsy","volume":"26","author":"Carr","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Otolaryngol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2011.04.015_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"302","DOI":"10.1016\/0030-4220(73)90070-4","article-title":"The pathogenesis of the first and second brachial arch syndrome","volume":"35","author":"Poswillo","year":"1973","journal-title":"Or Surg, Or Med Or Path"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2011.04.015_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"903","DOI":"10.1002\/ajmg.1320230405","article-title":"Subclavian artery supply disruption sequence. Hypothesis of a vascular etiology for Poland, Klippel-feil, and Mobius anomalies","volume":"23","author":"Bavinck","year":"1983","journal-title":"Am J Med Genet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2011.04.015_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1016\/S0892-0362(97)00020-2","article-title":"Is there a zone of vascular vulnerability in the fetal brainstem?","volume":"19","author":"Leong","year":"1997","journal-title":"Neurotoxicol Teratol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2011.04.015_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.103.Supplement.213","article-title":"Teratogens and craniofacial malformations: relationships to cell death","volume":"103","author":"Sulik","year":"1988","journal-title":"Development"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2011.04.015_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"343","DOI":"10.1177\/003591577406700509","article-title":"Orofacial malformations","volume":"67","author":"Poswillo","year":"1974","journal-title":"Proc Roy Soc Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2011.04.015_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"933","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.127.5.933","article-title":"Roles of Hoxa1 and Hoxa2 in patterning the early hindbrain of the mouse","volume":"127","author":"Barrow","year":"2000","journal-title":"Development"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2011.04.015_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1016\/0168-0102(91)90008-M","article-title":"The formation of axonal pathways in developing cranial nerves","volume":"11","author":"Yamamoto","year":"1991","journal-title":"Neurosci Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2011.04.015_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1367","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/5.9.1367","article-title":"Localization of a gene for Moebius syndrome to chromosome 3q by linkage analysis in a Dutch family","volume":"5","author":"Kremer","year":"1996","journal-title":"Hum Molec Genet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2011.04.015_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"649","DOI":"10.1212\/01.WNL.0000151848.65094.55","article-title":"The neuropathology of hereditary congenital facial palsy vs mobius syndrome","volume":"64","author":"Verzijl","year":"2005","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2011.04.015_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"336","DOI":"10.1177\/019459988108900238","article-title":"Syndromes associated with congenital facial paralysis","volume":"89","author":"Bergstrom","year":"1981","journal-title":"Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2011.04.015_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.1002\/ajmg.1320260215","article-title":"Oculoauriculovertebral dysplasia and variants: phenotypic characteristics of 294 patients","volume":"26","author":"Rollnick","year":"1987","journal-title":"Am J Med Genet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2011.04.015_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1597\/1545-1569(1991)028<0068:TOMENS>2.3.CO;2","article-title":"The O.M.E.N.S. classification of Hemifacial Microsomia","volume":"28","author":"Vento","year":"1991","journal-title":"Cleft Palate-Craniofacial J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2011.04.015_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"405","DOI":"10.1597\/1545-1569(1995)032<0405:OPAOCA>2.3.CO;2","article-title":"OMENS-Plus: analysis of craniofacial and extracraniofacial anomalies in Hemifacial Microsomia","volume":"32","author":"Horgan","year":"1995","journal-title":"Cleft Palate-Craniofacial J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2011.04.015_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"991","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(63)80233-4","article-title":"Oculoauriculovertebral dysplasia","volume":"63","author":"Gorlin","year":"1963","journal-title":"J Pediat"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2011.04.015_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1002\/ajmg.1320150207","article-title":"Hemifacial microsomia and variants: pedigree data","volume":"15","author":"Rollnick","year":"1983","journal-title":"Am J Med Gen"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2011.04.015_bib32","first-page":"517","article-title":"Central nervous system abnormalities in patients with oculo-auriculo-vertebral spectrum (Goldenhar syndrome)","volume":"53","author":"Rosa","year":"1977","journal-title":"Postgrad Med J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2011.04.015_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"186","DOI":"10.1097\/00006534-198408000-00003","article-title":"Analysis and treatment of hemifacial microsomia","volume":"74","author":"Murray","year":"1984","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2011.04.015_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1001\/archotol.125.2.209","article-title":"Auditory and facial nerve dysfunction in patients with hemifacial microsomia","volume":"125","author":"Carvalho","year":"1999","journal-title":"Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2011.04.015_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1001\/archotol.127.3.265","article-title":"Craniofacial, temporal bone, and audiologic abnormalities in the spectrum of hemifacial microsomia","volume":"127","author":"Rahbar","year":"2001","journal-title":"Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2011.04.015_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1597\/1545-1569_1991_028_0068_tomens_2.3.co_2","article-title":"The O.M.E.N.S. classification of hemifacial microsomia","volume":"28","author":"Vento","year":"1991","journal-title":"Cleft Pal Craniofac J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2011.04.015_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"405","DOI":"10.1597\/1545-1569_1995_032_0405_opaoca_2.3.co_2","article-title":"OMENS-Plus: analysis of craniofacial and extracraniofacial anomalies in hemifacial microsomia","volume":"32","author":"Horgan","year":"1995","journal-title":"Cleft Pal Craniof J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2011.04.015_bib38","first-page":"2451","article-title":"Embryology of the head and neck","volume":"vol. 4","author":"Johnston","year":"1990"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2011.04.015_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1002\/ajmg.a.20643","article-title":"Relation between oculo-auriculo-vertebral (OAV) dysplasia and three other non-random associations of malformations (VATER, CHARGE, and OEIS)","volume":"127A","author":"Kallen","year":"2004","journal-title":"Am J Med Genet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2011.04.015_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"664","DOI":"10.1097\/SCS.0b013e318193d5d5","article-title":"Hemifacial microsomia: from gestation to childhood","volume":"20","author":"Werler","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Craniofac Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2011.04.015_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1096-9926(199610)54:4<171::AID-TERA1>3.0.CO;2-4","article-title":"Multifactorial basis of the syndrome of diabetic embryopathy","volume":"54","author":"Reece","year":"1996","journal-title":"Teratology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2011.04.015_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2007.04.004","article-title":"Embryonic oxidative stress as a mechanism of teratogenesis with special emphasis on diabetic embryopathy","volume":"24","author":"Ornoy","year":"2007","journal-title":"Reprod Toxicol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2011.04.015_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"611","DOI":"10.1067\/mpd.2002.128891","article-title":"Infants of diabetic mothers are at increased risk for the oculo-auriculo-vertebral sequence: a case-based and case-control approach","volume":"141","author":"Wang","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2011.04.015_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"644","DOI":"10.1136\/jmg.24.10.644","article-title":"IVF and Goldenhar Syndrome","volume":"24","author":"Yovich","year":"1987","journal-title":"J Med Genet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2011.04.015_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"616","DOI":"10.1136\/jmg.24.10.616","article-title":"Goldenhar syndrome and overlapping dysplasias, in\u00a0vitro fertilisation and ovopathy","volume":"24","author":"Jongbloet","year":"1987","journal-title":"J Med Genet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2011.04.015_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.1007\/s00439-007-0336-0","article-title":"Reproduction abnormalities and twin pregnancies in parents of sporadic patients with oculo-auriculo-vertebral spectrum\/Goldenhar syndrome","volume":"121","author":"Wieczorek","year":"2007","journal-title":"Hum Genet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2011.04.015_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(72)80368-8","article-title":"Asymmetric crying faces: an index of other congenital anomalies","volume":"81","author":"Pape","year":"1972","journal-title":"J Pediatrics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2011.04.015_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.44.233.69","article-title":"Cardiofacial syndrome congenital heart disease and facial weakness, a hitherto unrecognized association","volume":"44","author":"Cayler","year":"1969","journal-title":"Arch Dis Childh"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2011.04.015_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.3109\/02844319709085479","article-title":"Clinical appearance of spontaneous and induced first and second brachial arch syndromes","volume":"31","author":"Jacobsson","year":"1997","journal-title":"Scand J Plast Reconstr Hand Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2011.04.015_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1177\/000992280504400202","article-title":"Neonatal asymmetric crying faces: a new look at an old problem","volume":"44","author":"Sapin","year":"2005","journal-title":"Clin Pediatr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2011.04.015_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(79)80513-2","article-title":"Choanal atresia and associated multiple anomalies","volume":"95","author":"Hall","year":"1979","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2011.04.015_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"122","DOI":"10.3928\/0191-3913-19790301-10","article-title":"Colobomatous micropthalmia, heart disease, hearing loss, and mental retardation- a syndrome","volume":"16","author":"Hittner","year":"1979","journal-title":"J Pediatr Opthalmol Strabismus"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2011.04.015_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(81)80454-4","article-title":"Coloboma, congenital heart disease and choanal atresia with multiple anomalies: CHARGE association","volume":"99","author":"Pagon","year":"1981","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2011.04.015_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"751","DOI":"10.1002\/ajmg.1320450617","article-title":"Cranial nerve abnormalities in CHARGE association","volume":"45","author":"Byerly","year":"1993","journal-title":"Am J Med Genet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2011.04.015_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-5876(95)01188-H","article-title":"Clinical manifestations of CHARGE association","volume":"33","author":"Edwards","year":"1995","journal-title":"Inter J Ped Otorhinolar"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2011.04.015_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"955","DOI":"10.1038\/ng1407","article-title":"Mutations in a new member of the chromodomain gene family cause CHARGE syndrome","volume":"36","author":"Vissers","year":"2004","journal-title":"Nat Genet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2011.04.015_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"573","DOI":"10.1016\/S0960-8966(03)00043-9","article-title":"110th ENMC International Workshop: the congenital cranial dysinnervation disorders (CCDDs). Naarden, The Netherlands, 25\u201327 October, 2002","volume":"13","author":"Gutowski","year":"2003","journal-title":"Neuromuscular Disord"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2011.04.015_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygeno.2005.03.007","article-title":"Identifying new candidate genes for hereditary facial paresis on chromosome 3q21-q22 by RNA in situ hybridization in mouse","volume":"86","author":"Van der Zwaag","year":"2005","journal-title":"Genomics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2011.04.015_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1306","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.ejhg.5201706","article-title":"Refinement of the locus for hereditary congenital facial palsy on chromosome 3q21 in two unrelated families and screening of positional candidate genes","volume":"14","author":"Michielse","year":"2006","journal-title":"Europ J Hum Genet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2011.04.015_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"841","DOI":"10.1177\/019459988108900528","article-title":"Facial paralysis in children: differential diagnosis","volume":"89","author":"May","year":"1981","journal-title":"Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2011.04.015_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"508","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2009.10.010","article-title":"Facial paralysis: a critical review of accepted explanation","volume":"74","author":"Mahadevappa","year":"2010","journal-title":"Med Hypotheses"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2011.04.015_bib62","first-page":"1030","article-title":"Normal and anomalous anatomy of the facial nerve","volume":"68","author":"Miehlke","year":"1964","journal-title":"Trans Am Acad Opthal Otolar"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2011.04.015_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1311","DOI":"10.1288\/00005537-197308000-00015","article-title":"Anatomy of the facial nerve (spatial orientation of fibers in the temporal bone","volume":"82","author":"May","year":"1973","journal-title":"Laryngoscope"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2011.04.015_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"202","DOI":"10.1159\/000409851","article-title":"Diagnostic methods in facial nerve pathology","volume":"34","author":"Manni","year":"1984","journal-title":"Adv Oto-Rhino-Laryngol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2011.04.015_bib65","series-title":"Facial nerve surgery","first-page":"93","author":"Fisch","year":"1977"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2011.04.015_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.97.2.261","article-title":"Congenital unilateral facial paralysis","author":"Shapiro","year":"1996","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2011.04.015_bib67","first-page":"711","article-title":"Facial paralysis at birth: medicolegal and clinical implications","volume":"16","author":"May","year":"1995","journal-title":"Am J Otol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2011.04.015_bib68","first-page":"27","article-title":"The blink reflex as a diagnostic procedure","volume":"50","author":"Bender","year":"1969","journal-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2011.04.015_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.2.5296.7","article-title":"Value of nerve excitability measurements in prognosis of facial palsy","volume":"2","author":"Campbell","year":"1962","journal-title":"Br Med J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2011.04.015_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"421","DOI":"10.1017\/S0012162201000780","article-title":"Facial electromyography in newborn and young infants with congenital facial weakness","volume":"43","author":"Renault","year":"2001","journal-title":"Develop Med Child Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2011.04.015_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1794","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2009.11.036","article-title":"Secondary surgery in paediatric facial paralysis reanimation","volume":"63","author":"Terzis","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2011.04.015_bib72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"268","DOI":"10.1097\/00006534-197303000-00005","article-title":"On hemifacial microsomia: the first and second brachial arch syndrome","volume":"51","author":"Converse","year":"1973","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2011.04.015_bib73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"396","DOI":"10.1177\/000348948609500414","article-title":"Temporal bone histopathologic findings in oculoauriculovertebral dysplasia: Goldenhar\u2019s syndrome","volume":"95","author":"Sando","year":"1986","journal-title":"Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2011.04.015_bib74","first-page":"399","article-title":"Temporal bone findings in hemifacial microsomia","volume":"87","author":"Sekhar","year":"1978","journal-title":"Ann Otol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2011.04.015_bib75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1067\/mhn.2003.64","article-title":"A reliable radiologic landmark for the facial nerve in axial temporal bone computed tomography scans","volume":"128","author":"Bance","year":"2003","journal-title":"Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2011.04.015_bib76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"657","DOI":"10.1097\/00004728-200207000-00033","article-title":"A functioning imaging guide to the bony landmarks of the seventh nerve","volume":"26","author":"Rauch","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Comput Ass Tom"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2011.04.015_bib77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.3109\/00016489409127308","article-title":"Neonatal facial nerve defect","volume":"510","author":"Saito","year":"1994","journal-title":"Acta Otolaryngol (Stockh) - Suppl"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2011.04.015_bib78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1001\/archotol.1982.00790500029007","article-title":"Severe middle ear anomaly with underdeveloped facial nerve","volume":"108","author":"Kodama","year":"1982","journal-title":"Arch Otolaryngol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2011.04.015_bib79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1258\/0022215011906795","article-title":"Congenital facial nerve agenesis","volume":"115","author":"Jervis","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Laryng Otol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2011.04.015_bib80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"767","DOI":"10.1097\/00006534-198905000-00001","article-title":"Pectoralis minor. A unique muscle for correction of facial palsy","volume":"83","author":"Terzis","year":"1989","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2011.04.015_bib81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2002-32200","article-title":"Outcomes with eye reanimation microsurgery","volume":"18","author":"Terzis","year":"2002","journal-title":"Facial Plast Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2011.04.015_bib82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1917","DOI":"10.1097\/00006534-200005000-00001","article-title":"Microsurgical strategies in 74 patients for restoration of dynamic depressor muscle mechanism: a neglected target in facial reanimation","volume":"105","author":"Terzis","year":"2000","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2011.04.015_bib83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1905","DOI":"10.1097\/00006534-199706000-00016","article-title":"Analysis of 100 cases of free-muscle transplantation for facial paralysis","volume":"99","author":"Terzis","year":"1997","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2011.04.015_bib84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1916","DOI":"10.1097\/PRS.0b013e3181bcee62","article-title":"Secondary surgery in adult facial paralysis reanimation","volume":"124","author":"Terzis","year":"2009","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2011.04.015_bib85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2010.04.045","article-title":"Outcomes of direct muscle neurotization in adult facial paralysis","volume":"64","author":"Terzis","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Plast Reconstruct Aesthet Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2011.04.015_bib86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1486","DOI":"10.1097\/PRS.0b013e3181b98924","article-title":"Outcomes of direct muscle neurotization in pediatric patients with facial paralysis","volume":"124","author":"Terzis","year":"2009","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2011.04.015_bib87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"865","DOI":"10.1097\/PRS.0b013e31819ba4bb","article-title":"The \"babysitter\" procedure: minihypoglossal to facial nerve transfer and cross-facial nerve grafting","volume":"123","author":"Terzis","year":"2009","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2011.04.015_bib88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semcdb.2006.04.002","article-title":"Wnt\/PCP signaling: a veritable polar star in establishing patterns of polarity in embryonic tissues","volume":"17","author":"Barrow","year":"2006","journal-title":"Semin Cell Dev Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2011.04.015_bib89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2009.11.003","article-title":"Functional recovery and facial motoneuron survival are influenced by immunodeficiency in crush-axotomized mice","volume":"221","author":"Beahrs","year":"2010","journal-title":"Exp Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2011.04.015_bib90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4004","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.5279-04.2005","article-title":"Gonadal steroid attenuation of developing hamster facial motoneuron loss by axomotomy: equal efficacy of testosterone, dihydrotestosterone, and 17-b estradiol","volume":"25","author":"Huppenbauer","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2011.04.015_bib91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1016\/S1071-9091(03)00078-0","article-title":"Congenital malformations of the human brainstem","volume":"10","author":"Walsh","year":"2003","journal-title":"Semin Pediatr Neurol"}],"container-title":["Journal of Plastic, Reconstructive &amp; Aesthetic Surgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1748681511001938?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1748681511001938?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,8]],"date-time":"2023-06-08T00:32:08Z","timestamp":1686184328000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1748681511001938"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2011,10]]},"references-count":91,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,10]]}},"alternative-id":["S1748681511001938"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bjps.2011.04.015","relation":{},"ISSN":["1748-6815"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1748-6815","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2011,10]]}}}