{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,13]],"date-time":"2026-05-13T10:48:16Z","timestamp":1778669296555,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,1]],"date-time":"2020-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1588291200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,1]],"date-time":"2020-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1588291200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","jprasurg.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Plastic, Reconstructive & Aesthetic Surgery"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,5]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2019.12.007","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,9]],"date-time":"2020-01-09T11:57:18Z","timestamp":1578571038000},"page":"942-950","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Recreation of eyelid mechanics using the sling concept\u2730"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"73","author":[{"given":"Shaheen","family":"Hasmat","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shaun","family":"McPherson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gregg J.","family":"Suaning","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nigel H.","family":"Lovell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tsu-Hui","family":"(Hubert) Low","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jonathan R.","family":"Clark","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2019.12.007_bib0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fsc.2015.01.001","article-title":"Brow\/Upper lid anatomy, aging and aesthetic analysis","volume":"23","author":"Branham","year":"2015","journal-title":"Facial Plast Surg Clin North Am"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2019.12.007_bib0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"509","DOI":"10.1097\/ICO.0b013e31816583f6","article-title":"The ocular protection index","volume":"27","author":"Ousler","year":"2008","journal-title":"Cornea"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2019.12.007_bib0003","first-page":"48","article-title":"Dynamic closure of the lids in paralysis of the orbicularis muscle","volume":"57","author":"Arion","year":"1972","journal-title":"Int Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2019.12.007_bib0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"446","DOI":"10.1097\/00006534-196405000-00004","article-title":"Palliative surgical treatment of facial paralysis. The Palpebral Spring","volume":"33","author":"Morel-Fatio","year":"1964","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2019.12.007_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00265518","article-title":"Restoration of lid function in facial palsy with permanent magnets","volume":"1","author":"M\u00fchlbauer","year":"1973","journal-title":"Chirurgia plastica"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2019.12.007_bib0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1001\/jamafacial.2016.0345","article-title":"Facial nerve reconstruction with concurrent masseteric nerve transfer and cable grafting","volume":"18","author":"Owusu","year":"2016","journal-title":"JAMA Facial Plast Surg"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2019.12.007_bib0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1097\/00006534-197107000-00004","article-title":"Autogenous free grafts of skeletal muscle. A preliminary experimental and clinical study","volume":"48","author":"Thompson","year":"1971","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2019.12.007_bib0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"865","DOI":"10.1097\/01.PRS.0000133028.02303.16","article-title":"Dynamic reconstruction of eye closure by muscle transposition or functional muscle transplantation in facial palsy","volume":"114","author":"Frey","year":"2004","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2019.12.007_bib0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"944","DOI":"10.1016\/S0194-5998(99)70345-1","article-title":"Survey: management of paralytic lagophthalmos and paralytic ectropion","volume":"120","author":"Tucker","year":"1999","journal-title":"Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg"},{"issue":"19","key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2019.12.007_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3019","DOI":"10.1016\/S0042-6989(98)00108-4","article-title":"Efficacy of gold weight implants in facial nerve palsy: quantitative alterations in blinking","volume":"38","author":"Abell","year":"1998","journal-title":"Vision Res."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2019.12.007_bib0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1555","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.1991.01080110091043","article-title":"Eyelid movements in facial paralysis","volume":"109","author":"Sibony","year":"1991","journal-title":"Arch Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2019.12.007_bib0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fsc.2015.12.001","article-title":"Surgical anatomy of the eyelids","volume":"24","author":"Sand","year":"2016","journal-title":"Facial Plast Surg Clin North Am"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2019.12.007_bib0013","first-page":"387","article-title":"Eyelid movements. mechanisms and normal data","volume":"32","author":"Evinger","year":"1991","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2019.12.007_bib0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1016\/S1542-0124(11)70007-6","article-title":"Spontaneous eyeblink activity","volume":"9","author":"Cruz","year":"2011","journal-title":"Ocul Surf"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2019.12.007_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1338","DOI":"10.1001\/archotol.1993.01880240074009","article-title":"Assessment and treatment of the paralyzed lower eyelid","volume":"119","author":"Ellis","year":"1993","journal-title":"Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2019.12.007_bib0016","first-page":"1521","article-title":"Restoration of eye closure in facial paralysis using implantable electromagnetic actuator","volume":"69","author":"Hasmat","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Plast Surg Hand Surg"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2019.12.007_bib0017","first-page":"1187","article-title":"Retrospective outcome analysis of temporalis muscle transfer for the treatment of paralytic lagophthalmos","volume":"62","author":"Miyamoto","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Plast Surg Hand Surg"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2019.12.007_bib0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1907","DOI":"10.1097\/MLG.0b013e31812e0190","article-title":"Restoration of eyelid closure in facial paralysis using artificial muscle: preliminary cadaveric analysis","volume":"117","author":"Tollefson","year":"2007","journal-title":"Laryngoscope"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2019.12.007_bib0019","series-title":"Physics for Scientists and Engineers with Modern Physics. 9th ed. Belmont","first-page":"150","article-title":"Mechanics","author":"Serway","year":"2014"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2019.12.007_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.4103\/0976-3147.131660","article-title":"Microsurgical training model for residents to approach to the orbit and the optic nerve in fresh cadaveric sheep cranium","volume":"5","author":"Altunrende","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Neurosci Rural Pract"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2019.12.007_bib0021","first-page":"1372","article-title":"Experiences with fascia lata grafts in the operative treatment of facial paralysis: (Section of otology and section of laryngology)","volume":"27","author":"Gillies","year":"1934","journal-title":"Proc R Soc Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2019.12.007_bib0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.1016\/S0007-1226(61)80057-X","article-title":"Surgical treatment of lagophthalmos in leprosy by the Gillies temporalis transfer","volume":"14","author":"Andersen","year":"1961","journal-title":"Br J Plast Surg"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2019.12.007_bib0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2784","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.00557.2002","article-title":"Eyelid movements: behavioral studies of blinking in humans under different stimulus conditions","volume":"89","author":"VanderWerf","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Neurophysiol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2019.12.007_bib0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"345","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1475-1313.2008.00577.x","article-title":"Spontaneous blinking in healthy persons: an optoelectronic study of eyelid motion","volume":"28","author":"Sforza","year":"2008","journal-title":"Ophthalmic Physiol Opt"}],"container-title":["Journal of Plastic, Reconstructive & Aesthetic Surgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1748681520300024?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1748681520300024?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,28]],"date-time":"2025-10-28T20:40:52Z","timestamp":1761684052000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1748681520300024"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,5]]},"references-count":24,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,5]]}},"alternative-id":["S1748681520300024"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bjps.2019.12.007","relation":{},"ISSN":["1748-6815"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1748-6815","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Recreation of eyelid mechanics using the sling concept\u2730","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Plastic, Reconstructive & Aesthetic Surgery","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bjps.2019.12.007","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2020 British Association of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgeons. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}