{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]],"date-time":"2026-09-21T21:04:41Z","timestamp":1790024681076,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,1]],"date-time":"2022-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1646092800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,1]],"date-time":"2022-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1646092800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","jprasurg.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Plastic, Reconstructive & Aesthetic Surgery"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,3]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2021.11.094","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,30]],"date-time":"2021-11-30T23:13:41Z","timestamp":1638314021000},"page":"1130-1141","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":45,"title":["Immediate Lymphatic Reconstruction for Prevention of Secondary Lymphedema: A Meta-Analysis"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"75","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8147-9356","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Magnus J.","family":"Chun","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3617-120X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fouad","family":"Saeg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1262-2937","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anna","family":"Meade","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8958-154X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Taruni","family":"Kumar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9267-3787","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eman A.","family":"Toraih","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abigail E.","family":"Chaffin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christopher","family":"Homsy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2021.11.094_bib0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"995","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2017.03.021","article-title":"Lymphedema: Diagnostic workup and management","volume":"77","author":"Grada","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2021.11.094_bib0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"703","DOI":"10.1245\/s10434-008-0270-y","article-title":"Lymphedema microsurgical preventive healing approach: a new technique for primary prevention of arm lymphedema after mastectomy","volume":"16","author":"Boccardo","year":"2009","journal-title":"Ann Surg Oncol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2021.11.094_bib0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"421","DOI":"10.1002\/micr.22254","article-title":"Lymphatic microsurgical preventing healing approach (LYMPHA) for primary surgical prevention of breast cancer-related lymphedema: over 4 years follow-up","volume":"34","author":"Boccardo","year":"2014","journal-title":"Microsurgery"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2021.11.094_bib0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"506","DOI":"10.1016\/j.breast.2010.05.015","article-title":"Self-reported arm-lymphedema and functional impairment after breast cancer treatment\u2013a nationwide study of prevalence and associated factors","volume":"19","author":"Gartner","year":"2010","journal-title":"Breast"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2021.11.094_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1020","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2007.07.2376","article-title":"The incidence of arm edema in women with breast cancer randomized on the National Surgical Adjuvant Breast and Bowel Project study B-04 to radical mastectomy versus total mastectomy and radiotherapy versus total mastectomy alone","volume":"70","author":"Deutsch","year":"2008","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2021.11.094_bib0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1055","DOI":"10.1001\/archsurg.2010.231","article-title":"Risk factors for lymphedema in a prospective breast cancer survivorship study: the Pathways Study","volume":"145","author":"Kwan","year":"2010","journal-title":"Arch Surg"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2021.11.094_bib0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"286","DOI":"10.1097\/SLA.0b013e31817ed7c3","article-title":"Defining lower limb lymphedema after inguinal or ilio-inguinal dissection in patients with melanoma using classification and regression tree analysis","volume":"248","author":"Spillane","year":"2008","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2021.11.094_bib0008","first-page":"20","article-title":"Surgical prevention and treatment of lymphedema after lymph node dissection in patients with cutaneous melanoma","volume":"46","author":"Boccardo","year":"2013","journal-title":"Lymphology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2021.11.094_bib0009","article-title":"Lymphaticovenous Bypass for Immediate Lymphatic Reconstruction in Locoregional Advanced Melanoma Patients","author":"Cakmakoglu","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Reconstr Microsurg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2021.11.094_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"604","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jss.2017.10.008","article-title":"A Lymphedema Surveillance Program for Breast Cancer Patients Reveals the Promise of Surgical Prevention","volume":"244","author":"Hahamoff","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Surg Res"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2021.11.094_bib0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"750","DOI":"10.1002\/jso.25177","article-title":"Immediate lymphatic reconstruction","volume":"118","author":"Johnson","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Surg Oncol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2021.11.094_bib0012","first-page":"601","article-title":"Early rehabilitation reduces the onset of complications in the upper limb following breast cancer surgery","volume":"48","author":"Scaffidi","year":"2012","journal-title":"Eur J Phys Rehabil Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2021.11.094_bib0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1016\/j.breast.2012.04.009","article-title":"The impact of immediate breast reconstruction on post-mastectomy lymphedema in patients undergoing modified radical mastectomy","volume":"22","author":"Lee","year":"2013","journal-title":"Breast"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2021.11.094_bib0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0039-1694757","article-title":"The All but Forgotten Mascagni-Sappey Pathway: Learning from Immediate Lymphatic Reconstruction","volume":"36","author":"Johnson","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Reconstr Microsurg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2021.11.094_bib0015","unstructured":"\"PRISMA: TRANSPARENT REPORTING of SYSTEMATIC REVIEWS and META-ANALYSES.\" http:\/\/www.prisma-statement.org\/(accessed."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2021.11.094_bib0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2500","DOI":"10.1245\/s10434-011-1624-4","article-title":"Surgical prevention of arm lymphedema after breast cancer treatment","volume":"18","author":"Boccardo","year":"2011","journal-title":"Ann Surg Oncol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2021.11.094_bib0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.18637\/jss.v049.i05","article-title":"Closing the Gap between Methodologists and End-Users: R as a Computational Back-End","volume":"49","author":"Wallace","year":"2012","journal-title":"Journal of statistical software"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2021.11.094_bib0018","series-title":"Stata Statistical Software: Release 16","year":"2019"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2021.11.094_bib0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2288-5-13","article-title":"Estimating the mean and variance from the median, range, and the size of a sample","volume":"5","author":"Hozo","year":"2005","journal-title":"BMC Med Res Methodol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2021.11.094_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"382","DOI":"10.1002\/jrsm.1297","article-title":"Methods for evidence synthesis in the case of very few studies","volume":"9","author":"Bender","year":"2018","journal-title":"Res Synth Methods"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2021.11.094_bib0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1159\/000455070","article-title":"Characterization of an Acellular Scaffold for a Tissue Engineering Approach to the Nipple-Areolar Complex Reconstruction","volume":"203","author":"Pashos","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cells Tissues Organs"},{"issue":"7414","key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2021.11.094_bib0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"557","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.327.7414.557","article-title":"Measuring inconsistency in meta-analyses","volume":"327","author":"Higgins","year":"2003","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"issue":"7109","key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2021.11.094_bib0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"629","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.315.7109.629","article-title":"Bias in meta-analysis detected by a simple, graphical test","volume":"315","author":"Egger","year":"1997","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2021.11.094_bib0024","unstructured":"www.openepi.com (accessed)."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2021.11.094_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"721","DOI":"10.1111\/tbj.13667","article-title":"Lymphatic Microsurgical Preventive Healing Approach (LYMPHA) for the prevention of secondary lymphedema","volume":"26","author":"Agarwal","year":"2020","journal-title":"Breast J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2021.11.094_bib0026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"160","DOI":"10.1002\/jso.25513","article-title":"Axillary reverse mapping and lymphaticovenous bypass: Lymphedema prevention through enhanced lymphatic visualization and restoration of flow","volume":"120","author":"Schwarz","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Surg Oncol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2021.11.094_bib0027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"975e","DOI":"10.1097\/PRS.0000000000006223","article-title":"Developing a Lymphatic Surgery Program: A First-Year Review","volume":"144","author":"Johnson","year":"2019","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2021.11.094_bib0028","article-title":"Lymphatic microsurgical preventive healing approach (LYMPHA) for the primary prevention of lymphedema","volume":"77","author":"Gomberawalla","year":"2017","journal-title":"Can J Surg"},{"issue":"6S Suppl 5","key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2021.11.094_bib0029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S296","DOI":"10.1097\/SAP.0000000000001034","article-title":"Fluorescein Isothiocyanate: A Novel Application for Lymphatic Surgery","volume":"78","author":"Spiguel","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ann Plast Surg"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2021.11.094_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3296","DOI":"10.1245\/s10434-015-4721-y","article-title":"Single Institution Experience with Lymphatic Microsurgical Preventive Healing Approach (LYMPHA) for the Primary Prevention of Lymphedema","volume":"22","author":"Feldman","year":"2015","journal-title":"Ann Surg Oncol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2021.11.094_bib0031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"642","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2019.01.023","article-title":"Multiple lymphatic-venous anastomoses in reducing the risk of lymphedema in melanoma patients undergoing complete lymph node dissection. A retrospective case-control study","volume":"72","author":"Nacchiero","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2021.11.094_bib0032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3558","DOI":"10.1245\/s10434-016-5282-4","article-title":"LYMPHA Technique to Prevent Secondary Lower Limb Lymphedema","volume":"23","author":"Boccardo","year":"2016","journal-title":"Ann Surg Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2021.11.094_bib0033","unstructured":"GRADE. https:\/\/www.gradeworkinggroup.org\/(accessed 9\/19, 2021)."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2021.11.094_bib0034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2543","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.25096","article-title":"A phase I study to assess the feasibility and oncologic safety of axillary reverse mapping in breast cancer patients","volume":"116","author":"Bedrosian","year":"2010","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2021.11.094_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"769","DOI":"10.1097\/IGC.0b013e318287a8e8","article-title":"Lymphedema microsurgical preventive healing approach for primary prevention of lower limb lymphedema after inguinofemoral lymphadenectomy for vulvar cancer","volume":"23","author":"Morotti","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int J Gynecol Cancer"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2021.11.094_bib0036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"564","DOI":"10.1002\/micr.30142","article-title":"The lymphatic superficial circumflex iliac vessels deep branch perforator flap: A new preventive approach to lower limb lymphedema after groin dissection-preliminary evidence","volume":"37","author":"Gentileschi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Microsurgery"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2021.11.094_bib0037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"724","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvsv.2019.02.015","article-title":"Lymphedema-associated comorbidities and treatment gap","volume":"7","author":"Son","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Vasc Surg Venous Lymphat Disord"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2021.11.094_bib0038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"196","DOI":"10.1097\/SAP.0000000000001674","article-title":"The Long-term Patency of Lymphaticovenular Anastomosis in Breast Cancer-Related Lymphedema","volume":"82","author":"Winters","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ann Plast Surg"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2021.11.094_bib0039","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"492","DOI":"10.1097\/PRS.0000000000002395","article-title":"Long-Term Patency of Lymphovenous Anastomoses: A Systematic Review","volume":"138","author":"Tourani","year":"2016","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2021.11.094_bib0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2521","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joms.2016.05.020","article-title":"The Effects of Preoperative Radiotherapy on Head and Neck Free Flap Anastomosis Success","volume":"74","author":"Rostetter","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Oral Maxillofac Surg"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2021.11.094_bib0041","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"888","DOI":"10.1007\/s10350-004-6679-x","article-title":"Evaluation of preoperative and postoperative radiotherapy on long-term functional results of straight coloanal anastomosis","volume":"46","author":"Nathanson","year":"2003","journal-title":"Dis Colon Rectum"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2021.11.094_bib0042","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvsv.2016.10.083","article-title":"New diagnostic modalities in the evaluation of lymphedema","volume":"5","author":"O'Donnell","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Vasc Surg Venous Lymphat Disord"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2021.11.094_bib0043","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"975e","DOI":"10.1097\/PRS.0000000000006223","article-title":"Developing a Lymphatic Surgery Program: A First-Year Review","volume":"144","author":"Johnson","year":"2019","journal-title":"Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery"}],"container-title":["Journal of Plastic, Reconstructive & Aesthetic Surgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1748681521006276?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1748681521006276?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,28]],"date-time":"2025-10-28T20:45:27Z","timestamp":1761684327000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1748681521006276"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,3]]},"references-count":43,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,3]]}},"alternative-id":["S1748681521006276"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bjps.2021.11.094","relation":{},"ISSN":["1748-6815"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1748-6815","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Immediate Lymphatic Reconstruction for Prevention of Secondary Lymphedema: A Meta-Analysis","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Plastic, Reconstructive & Aesthetic Surgery","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bjps.2021.11.094","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2021 British Association of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgeons. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}