{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,6]],"date-time":"2026-05-06T16:10:45Z","timestamp":1778083845832,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,1]],"date-time":"2026-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772323200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,1]],"date-time":"2026-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772323200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,6]],"date-time":"2026-01-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767657600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","jprasurg.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Plastic, Reconstructive & Aesthetic Surgery"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2025.12.033","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,7]],"date-time":"2026-01-07T08:15:06Z","timestamp":1767773706000},"page":"5-13","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Sustainability in hand trauma surgery: An eco-audit of the flexor tendon laceration repair pathway"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"114","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3712-5125","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zahra","family":"Ahmed","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alexander","family":"Zargaran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Olivia","family":"Kamoga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-3401-7475","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Punn","family":"Tannirandorn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sara","family":"Sousi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Zargaran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9343-8487","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Norbert","family":"Kang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5940-4446","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Afshin","family":"Mosahebi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"10269","key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2025.12.033_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)32290-X","article-title":"The 2020 report of The Lancet Countdown on health and climate change: responding to converging crises","volume":"397","author":"Watts","year":"2021","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2025.12.033_bib2","series-title":"Blog: one year on from a world-first ambition \u2013 let\u2019s stay impatient on the NHS reaching net zero","author":"NHS England","year":"2025"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2025.12.033_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1397","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2016.06.030","article-title":"Hand trauma: a prospective observational study reporting diagnostic concordance in emergency hand trauma which supports centralised service improvements","volume":"69","author":"Miranda","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2025.12.033_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"146","DOI":"10.1097\/01.sap.0000168884.88016.e1","article-title":"The rate of upper-extremity deep-structure injuries through small penetrating lacerations","volume":"55","author":"Tuncali","year":"2005","journal-title":"Ann Plast Surg"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2025.12.033_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0043-1768479","article-title":"Practice trends in plastic hand surgery: an evaluation of cases in the TOPS database","volume":"16","author":"King","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Hand Microsurg"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2025.12.033_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"853","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcot.2019.08.005","article-title":"Flexor tendon injuries","volume":"10","author":"Venkatramani","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Clin Orthop Trauma"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2025.12.033_bib7","first-page":"38","article-title":"Rehabilitation following surgery for flexor tendon injuries of the hand","volume":"2017","author":"Peters","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2025.12.033_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0041-1731632","article-title":"Tendon: principles of healing and repair","volume":"35","author":"Chartier","year":"2021","journal-title":"Semin Plast Surg"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2025.12.033_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"342","DOI":"10.1186\/s12913-021-06254-1","article-title":"Process mapping in healthcare: a systematic review","volume":"21","author":"Antonacci","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMC Health Serv Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2025.12.033_bib10","unstructured":"The British Society for Surgery of the Hand. Lacerations with flexor tendon involvement. \u3008https:\/\/www.bssh.ac.uk\/_userfiles\/pages\/files\/professionals\/Trauma%20standards\/3%20Flexor%20tendon%20final.pdf\u3009 [Accessed 3 April 2025]."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2025.12.033_bib11","unstructured":"British Association of Hand Therapists. Standards of hand therapy practice in the rehabilitation of flexor tendon injuries. \u3008https:\/\/www.hand-therapy.co.uk\/_userfiles\/pages\/files\/copy_of_flexor_tendon_standards_may_2021_word_3.pdf\u3009 [Accessed 3 April 2025]."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2025.12.033_bib12","unstructured":"Kun-Mo Lee, Inaba A. Life cycle assessment best practices of ISO 14040 series. \u3008https:\/\/www.apec.org\/docs\/default-source\/Publications\/2004\/2\/Life-Cycle-Assessment-Best-Practices-of-International-Organization-for-Standardization-ISO-14040-Ser\/04_cti_scsc_lca_rev.pdf\u3009 [Accessed 13 November 2025]."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2025.12.033_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1097\/GOX.0000000000006374","article-title":"Sustainability in reconstructive breast surgery: an eco-audit of the deep inferior epigastric perforator flap pathway","volume":"12","author":"Ahmed","year":"2024","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg Glob Open"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2025.12.033_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1097\/GOX.0000000000006746","article-title":"Evaluating the environmental impact of quaternary plastic surgery: an eco-audit of the autologous microtia reconstruction pathway","volume":"13","author":"Ahmed","year":"2025","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg Glob Open"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2025.12.033_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1097\/AS9.0000000000000576","article-title":"Sustainability in abdominal wall reconstruction: an eco-audit of the abdominal wall reconstruction pathway","volume":"6","author":"Ahmed","year":"2025","journal-title":"Ann Surg Open"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2025.12.033_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2025.04.020","article-title":"Sustainability in breast surgery: an eco-audit of the breast implant pathway","volume":"105","author":"Ahmed","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2025.12.033_bib17","unstructured":"\u3008https:\/\/www.freemaptools.com\/distance-between-uk-postcodes.htm\u3009 [Accessed 13 November, 2025]."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2025.12.033_bib18","unstructured":"Ritchie H. Which form of transport has the smallest carbon footprint? \u3008https:\/\/ourworldindata.org\/travel-carbon-footprint\u3009."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2025.12.033_bib19","unstructured":"Tools FM. \u3008https:\/\/www.distance.to\/Stansted-Airport-Cottage,Park-Road,Elsenham,Bishop's-Stortford,Hertfordshire,England,CM22-6DF,GBR\/Paris-Charles-de-Gaulle-Airport,Roissy-en-France,Arrondissement-of-Sarcelles,Val-d'Oise,%C3%8Ele-de-France,FRA\u3009 [Accessed 3 April, 2025]."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2025.12.033_bib20","series-title":"Good surgical practice","first-page":"17","author":"Royal College of Surgeons of England","year":"2025"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2025.12.033_bib21","first-page":"637","article-title":"Greening hand surgery: targeted measures to reduce waste in ambulatory trigger finger and carpal tunnel decompression","volume":"20","author":"Tevlin","year":"2023","journal-title":"Hand"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2025.12.033_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.1177\/22925503221088839","article-title":"Carbon neutral hand surgery: simple changes to reduce carbon footprint","volume":"32","author":"Ma","year":"2024","journal-title":"Plast Surg"},{"issue":"S1","key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2025.12.033_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1308\/rcsbull.TB2024.8","article-title":"Innovating in sustainability research: grassroot approaches to carbon footprinting","volume":"106","author":"Glynou","year":"2024","journal-title":"Bull R Coll Surg Eng"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2025.12.033_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jht.2017.05.018","article-title":"Hand therapy interventions, outcomes, and diagnoses evaluated over the last 10 years: a mapping review linking research to practice","volume":"32","author":"Takata","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Hand Ther"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2025.12.033_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1051","DOI":"10.1177\/17531934241246451","article-title":"Sustainable practices in hand therapy: a global perspective","volume":"49","author":"Farzad","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Hand Surg Eur Vol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2025.12.033_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"569","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jht.2021.03.007","article-title":"Usefulness of a hand therapy application","volume":"35","author":"Valdes","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Hand Ther"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2025.12.033_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jht.2019.10.003","article-title":"Use of mobile applications in hand therapy","volume":"33","author":"Valdes","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Hand Ther"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2025.12.033_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.23736\/S1973-9087.22.07744-9","article-title":"The effects of a mobile app-delivered intervention in people with symptomatic hand osteoarthritis: a pragmatic randomized controlled trial","volume":"59","author":"Rodr\u00edguez S\u00e1nchez-Laulh\u00e9","year":"2023","journal-title":"Eur J Phys Rehabil Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2025.12.033_bib29","unstructured":"Centre for Sustainable Healthcare. \"Green Mile\" project \u2013 pre paid travel card; 2011. \u3008https:\/\/map.sustainablehealthcare.org.uk\/green-mile-project-pre-paid-travel-card\u3009 [Accessed 3 April 2025]."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2025.12.033_bib30","unstructured":"NHS England. Net zero travel and transport strategy; 2023. \u3008https:\/\/www.england.nhs.uk\/long-read\/net-zero-travel-and-transport-strategy\/\u3009 [Accessed 3 April 2025]."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2025.12.033_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"857","DOI":"10.1177\/0734242X241270979","article-title":"Healthcare waste and circular economy principles: it is time to improve!","volume":"42","author":"Aquino","year":"2024","journal-title":"Waste Manag Res"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2025.12.033_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"563","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajic.2020.10.013","article-title":"Disposable versus reusable medical gowns: a performance comparison","volume":"49","author":"McQuerry","year":"2021","journal-title":"Am J Infect Control"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2025.12.033_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"250","DOI":"10.1177\/01410768211001583","article-title":"Environmental impact of personal protective equipment distributed for use by health and social care services in England in the first six months of the COVID-19 pandemic","volume":"114","author":"Rizan","year":"2021","journal-title":"J R Soc Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2025.12.033_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"439","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2021.09.027","article-title":"Reusable surgical drapes in plastic surgery: what is the sticking point?","volume":"75","author":"MacInnes","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2025.12.033_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"566","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jor.2018.05.015","article-title":"Does the type of surgical drape (disposable versus non-disposable) affect the risk of subsequent surgical site infection?","volume":"15","author":"Kieser","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Orthop"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2025.12.033_bib36","unstructured":"NIHR Global Health Research Unit on Global Surgery. The DRAGON study. \u3008https:\/\/www.globalsurgeryunit.org\/clinical-trials-holding-page\/project-dragon\/\u3009 [Accessed 3 April, 2025]."},{"issue":"0","key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2025.12.033_bib37","article-title":"Staff satisfaction with reusable surgical drapes","volume":"0","author":"Snow","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Periop Pract"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2025.12.033_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1215","DOI":"10.1177\/15589447221084011","article-title":"What a waste! The impact of unused surgical supplies in hand surgery and how we can improve","volume":"18","author":"Bravo","year":"2023","journal-title":"Hand"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2025.12.033_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1530\/EOR-24-0033","article-title":"WALANT surgery of the hand: state of the art","volume":"9","author":"Degreef","year":"2024","journal-title":"EFORT Open Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2025.12.033_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"475","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2024.10.027","article-title":"Patient satisfaction using wide-awake local anaesthesia no tourniquet (WALANT) in adults undergoing elective hand surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"99","author":"Siu","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2025.12.033_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e622","DOI":"10.1016\/S2542-5196(23)00084-0","article-title":"Assessing the potential climate impact of anaesthetic gases","volume":"7","author":"Sulbaek Andersen","year":"2023","journal-title":"Lancet Planet Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2025.12.033_bib42","series-title":"Emergency department triage","author":"Yancey","year":"2023"}],"container-title":["Journal of Plastic, Reconstructive & Aesthetic Surgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1748681526000070?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1748681526000070?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,6]],"date-time":"2026-05-06T15:13:54Z","timestamp":1778080434000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1748681526000070"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"references-count":42,"alternative-id":["S1748681526000070"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bjps.2025.12.033","relation":{},"ISSN":["1748-6815"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1748-6815","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Sustainability in hand trauma surgery: An eco-audit of the flexor tendon laceration repair pathway","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Plastic, Reconstructive & Aesthetic Surgery","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bjps.2025.12.033","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of British Association of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgeons.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}