{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,5]],"date-time":"2026-05-05T01:55:51Z","timestamp":1777946151062,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775001600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775001600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","jprasurg.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Plastic, Reconstructive &amp; Aesthetic Surgery"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2026.02.014","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,17]],"date-time":"2026-02-17T20:23:29Z","timestamp":1771359809000},"page":"190-201","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Diagnosis and treatment of apocrine carcinoma of the head and neck: A systematic review"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"115","author":[{"suffix":"Jr","given":"W. Nicholas","family":"Jungbauer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-4287-9860","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hunter D.","family":"Stearns","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alberto","family":"Diez-Montiel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7837-4032","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Justin M.","family":"Hintze","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Brent A.","family":"Chang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2026.02.014_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1007\/s10147-023-02420-z","article-title":"Prognostic factors in cutaneous apocrine carcinoma: a single-institution retrospective study of 32 patients","volume":"28","author":"Tsuruta","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int J Clin Oncol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2026.02.014_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000028808","article-title":"Primary cutaneous apocrine carcinoma of the scalp: two case reports and literature review","volume":"101","author":"Choi","year":"2022","journal-title":"Medicine"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2026.02.014_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3758","DOI":"10.4103\/jfmpc.jfmpc_833_19","article-title":"Apocrine carcinoma of the scalp with neck lymph node metastasis: a case report and review of the literature","volume":"8","author":"Al-Hakami","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Fam Med Prim Care"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2026.02.014_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"404","DOI":"10.1097\/DAD.0b013e3180dd8d20","article-title":"An unusual apocrine carcinoma on the forehead","volume":"29","author":"Misago","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am J Dermatopathol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2026.02.014_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"472","DOI":"10.1177\/030089160008600608","article-title":"Clinical management of a case of recurrent apocrine gland carcinoma of the scalp: efficacy of a chemotherapy schedule with methotrexate and bleomycin","volume":"86","author":"Morabito","year":"2000","journal-title":"Tumori"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2026.02.014_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/hed.27203","article-title":"The effect of adjuvant radiotherapy on clinical outcomes in early major salivary gland cancer","volume":"44","author":"Hong","year":"2022","journal-title":"Head Neck"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2026.02.014_bib7","article-title":"Survival impact of adjuvant therapy in salivary gland cancers following resection and neck dissection","volume":"160","author":"Aro","year":"2019","journal-title":"Otolaryngol\u00a0Head Neck Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2026.02.014_bib8","unstructured":"The OCEBM\u00a0Levels of Evidence Working\u00a0Group.\u00a0The Oxford 2011 levels of evidence.\u00a0\u3008https:\/\/www.cebm.ox.ac.uk\/resources\/levels-of-evidence\/ocebm-levels-of-evidence\u3009."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2026.02.014_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1097\/SAP.0000000000004250","article-title":"Surgical outcomes for nonmelanoma skin cancer of the head and neck","volume":"94","author":"Liu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Ann Plast Surg"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2026.02.014_bib10","article-title":"Apocrine carcinoma of the scalp with neck lymph node metastasis: a case report and review of the literature","volume":"8","author":"Al-Hakami","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Fam Med Prim Care"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2026.02.014_bib11","article-title":"Collision tumor of apocrine carcinoma and squamous carcinoma occurring in the ear","volume":"25","author":"Giovanni","year":"2004","journal-title":"Am J Otolaryngol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2026.02.014_bib12","article-title":"An unusual apocrine carcinoma on the forehead","volume":"29","author":"Noriyuki","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am J Dermatopathol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2026.02.014_bib13","article-title":"Clinical management of a case of recurrent apocrine gland carcinoma of the scalp: efficacy of a chemotherapy schedule with methotrexate and bleomycin","volume":"86","author":"Alessandro","year":"2000","journal-title":"Tumor J"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2026.02.014_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1177\/1066896918816806","article-title":"Periocular sebaceous carcinoma with apocrine differentiation: a case report and review of the literature","volume":"27","author":"Pinheiro","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int J Surg Pathol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2026.02.014_bib15","article-title":"Primary cutaneous cribriform apocrine carcinoma: case report and literature review","volume":"84","author":"Wu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2026.02.014_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.124.11.1645","article-title":"Moll gland neoplasms of the eyelid: a clinical and pathological spectrum in 5 cases","volume":"124","author":"Barker-Griffith","year":"2006","journal-title":"Arch Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2026.02.014_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1097\/00000372-199808000-00012","article-title":"Tubular apocrine carcinoma arising in a nevus sebaceus of Jadassohn","volume":"20","author":"Jacyk","year":"1998","journal-title":"Am J Dermatopathol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2026.02.014_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.eye.6701426","article-title":"Tubular apocrine adenoma\u2014an unusual eyelid tumour","volume":"19","author":"Stokes","year":"2005","journal-title":"Eye"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2026.02.014_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.4081\/cp.2011.e50","article-title":"Apocrine carcinoma of the face in a 62-year-old Asian man","volume":"1","author":"Kumar","year":"2011","journal-title":"Clin Pract"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2026.02.014_bib20","article-title":"Brain metastases from apocrine carcinoma of the scalp: case report","volume":"77","author":"Shinji","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Neuro-Oncol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2026.02.014_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/0007-1226(89)90054-4","article-title":"Carcinoma of the apocrine glands at the base of eyelashes; a case report and discussion of histological diagnostic criteria","volume":"42","author":"Thomson","year":"1989","journal-title":"Br J Plast Surg"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2026.02.014_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.2340\/00015555-1354","article-title":"Successful treatment of HER-2-positive metastatic apocrine carcinoma of the skin with lapatinib and capecitabine","volume":"92","author":"Hidaka","year":"2012","journal-title":"Acta Derm-Venereol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2026.02.014_bib23","article-title":"Ductopapillary apocrine carcinoma of the eyelid metastatic to the parotid gland: report of a case diagnosed by fine-needle aspiration biopsy","volume":"37","author":"Israh","year":"2009","journal-title":"Diagn Cytopathol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2026.02.014_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1007\/s00238-015-1084-3","article-title":"Apocrine carcinoma of the nasal alar rim","volume":"38","author":"Williams","year":"2015","journal-title":"Eur J Plast Surg"},{"issue":"24","key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2026.02.014_bib25","article-title":"Metastatic apocrine carcinoma of the scalp: prolonged response to systemic chemotherapy","volume":"28","author":"Tlemcani","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol J Am Soc Clin Oncol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2026.02.014_bib26","article-title":"Primary cutaneous apocrine carcinoma presenting as carcinoma erysipeloide","volume":"158","author":"Cham","year":"2008","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2026.02.014_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpra.2022.02.008","article-title":"Giant sebaceous nevus occupying half of the head associated with sebaceous carcinoma, apocrine adenocarcinoma, and basal cell carcinoma: a case report","volume":"32","author":"Hihara","year":"2022","journal-title":"JPRAS Open"},{"issue":"38","key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2026.02.014_bib28","article-title":"Apocrine carcinoma developing in a naevus sebaceous of scalp","volume":"10","author":"Paudel","year":"2012","journal-title":"Kathmandu Univ Med J"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2026.02.014_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/ccr3.3434","article-title":"Metastatic cutaneous apocrine adenocarcinoma successfully treated with systemic anti-androgen therapy\u2014a case report","volume":"8","author":"Collette","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clin Case Rep"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2026.02.014_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/S1079-2104(96)80224-1","article-title":"Apocrine carcinoma of the lip: a case report including immunohistochemical and ultrastructural study, discussion of differential diagnosis, and review of the literature","volume":"82","author":"Hayes","year":"1996","journal-title":"Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2026.02.014_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijscr.2023.109017","article-title":"Apocrine adenocarcinoma of the head and neck district: our experience with two cases","volume":"112","author":"Ferragina","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int J Surg Case Rep"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2026.02.014_bib32","article-title":"Primary cutaneous apocrine carcinoma of the scalp: a rare case report","volume":"16","author":"Balasubramanian","year":"2021","journal-title":"Asian J Neurosurg"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2026.02.014_bib33","article-title":"Primary apocrine carcinoma of scalp: report of primary scalp cutaneous apocrine carcinoma indistinguishable from cutaneous metastasis of breast carcinoma","volume":"65","author":"Kim","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Plast Reconstr Aesthet\u00a0Surg"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2026.02.014_bib34","article-title":"Metastatic cutaneous apocrine carcinoma: multidisciplinary approach achieving complete response with adjuvant chemoradiation","volume":"3","author":"Hibler","year":"2017","journal-title":"JAAD Case Rep"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2026.02.014_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1001\/archdermatol.2011.349","article-title":"Cutaneous apocrine carcinoma masquerading as head and neck cellulitis: an ominous sign","volume":"147","author":"Secrest","year":"2011","journal-title":"Arch Dermatol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2026.02.014_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3109\/01676830.2011.647378","article-title":"Primary apocrine adenocarcinoma of the eyelid","volume":"31","author":"Valenzuela","year":"2012","journal-title":"Orbit"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2026.02.014_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1440-1827.2002.01323.x","article-title":"Apocrine adenocarcinoma of the eyelid with aggressive biological behavior: report of a case","volume":"52","author":"Shintaku","year":"2002","journal-title":"Pathol Int"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2026.02.014_bib38","article-title":"Aggressive primary cutaneous apocrine carcinoma of the scalp: a clinical case report","volume":"17","author":"Shaghaghian","year":"2025","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2026.02.014_bib39","article-title":"Apocrine adenocarcinoma occurring on the chin","volume":"2017","author":"Higaki-Mori","year":"2017","journal-title":"Yonago Acta Med J Med Sci"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2026.02.014_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1097\/DAD.0000000000002218","article-title":"Ciliary gland adenocarcinoma of the eyelid arising in hidrocystoma: case report and review of previously reported cases","volume":"44","author":"Malkova","year":"2022","journal-title":"Am J Dermatopathol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2026.02.014_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1111\/ajd.13199","article-title":"A clinical, pathological and immunohistochemical series of 9 cases of primary cutaneous apocrine carcinomas of the head and neck","volume":"61","author":"Portelli","year":"2020","journal-title":"Australas J Dermatol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2026.02.014_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1111\/his.15380","article-title":"Targeted RNA sequencing in diagnostically challenging head and neck carcinomas identifies novel MON2::STAT6, NFATC2::NUTM2B, POC5::RAF1, and NSD3::NCOA2 gene fusions","volume":"86","author":"Chu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Histopathology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2026.02.014_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.preteyeres.2025.101362","article-title":"Glands of Moll: history, current knowledge and their role in ocular surface homeostasis and disease","volume":"106","author":"Stopfer","year":"2025","journal-title":"Prog Retin Eye Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2026.02.014_bib44","series-title":"Mohs micrographic surgery of uncommon tumors (angiosarcoma, eccrine, paget, and merkel cell)","author":"Camayo","year":"2025"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2026.02.014_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/jso.22023","article-title":"Cutaneous apocrine adenocarcinoma: defining epidemiology, outcomes, and optimal therapy for a rare neoplasm","volume":"105","author":"Hollowell","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Surg Oncol"}],"container-title":["Journal of Plastic, Reconstructive &amp; Aesthetic Surgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1748681526000884?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1748681526000884?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,2]],"date-time":"2026-05-02T15:20:20Z","timestamp":1777735220000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1748681526000884"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"references-count":45,"alternative-id":["S1748681526000884"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bjps.2026.02.014","relation":{},"ISSN":["1748-6815"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1748-6815","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Diagnosis and treatment of apocrine carcinoma of the head and neck: A systematic review","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Plastic, Reconstructive & Aesthetic Surgery","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bjps.2026.02.014","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 British Association of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgeons. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}