{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T15:48:01Z","timestamp":1792079281437,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,1]],"date-time":"2026-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1793491200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,1]],"date-time":"2026-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1793491200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,28]],"date-time":"2026-08-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787875200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004913","name":"University of Palermo","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004913","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","jprasurg.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Plastic, Reconstructive & Aesthetic Surgery"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,11]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2026.08.033","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,25]],"date-time":"2026-08-25T06:58:55Z","timestamp":1787641135000},"page":"99-110","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Perceptions of gender-related differences among plastic surgeons: A European survey"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"122","author":[{"given":"Mara","family":"Franza","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Beatriz","family":"Berenguer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adriana","family":"Cordova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6563-7390","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Emanuele","family":"Cammarata","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1830-0530","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bartolo","family":"Corradino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4903-815X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francesca","family":"Toia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2026.08.033_bib1","first-page":"317","article-title":"The history of women in surgery","volume":"52","author":"Wirtzfeld","year":"2009","journal-title":"Can J Surg"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2026.08.033_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"670","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jamcollsurg.2016.06.012","article-title":"Women in surgery: a history of adversity, resilience, and accomplishment","volume":"223","author":"Ali","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Am Coll Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2026.08.033_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.5116\/ijme.5380.ca6b","article-title":"Gender differences in the learning and teaching of surgery: a literature review","volume":"5","author":"Burgos","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int J Med Educ"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2026.08.033_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1136\/leader-2019-000199","article-title":"Women in surgery: a systematic review of 25 years","volume":"5","author":"Singh","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMJ Lead"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2026.08.033_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1011","DOI":"10.1001\/archsurg.143.10.1011","article-title":"Surgery in Norway","volume":"143","author":"S\u00f8reide","year":"2008","journal-title":"Arch Surg"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2026.08.033_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"876","DOI":"10.1001\/jamasurg.2020.0312","article-title":"The current status of women in surgery: how to affect the future","volume":"155","author":"Stephens","year":"2020","journal-title":"JAMA Surg"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2026.08.033_bib7","article-title":"Evaluating the paucity of female surgeons in plastic surgery: a review of the systemic barriers to entry and success","volume":"16","author":"Maini","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2026.08.033_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"940","DOI":"10.1097\/PRS.0000000000005354","article-title":"Diversity in plastic surgery: trends in minority representation among applicants and residents","volume":"143","author":"Parmeshwar","year":"2019","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2026.08.033_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"972","DOI":"10.1001\/archsurg.135.8.972","article-title":"Perceived obstacles to career success for women in academic surgery","volume":"135","author":"Colletti","year":"2000","journal-title":"Arch Surg"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2026.08.033_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1097\/GOX.0000000000004062","article-title":"Assessing the prevalence of microaggressions in plastic surgery training: a national survey","volume":"9","author":"Goulart","year":"2021","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg Glob Open"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2026.08.033_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0243308","article-title":"Women in academic surgery over the last four decades","volume":"15","author":"Linscheid","year":"2020","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2026.08.033_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"186","DOI":"10.1177\/22925503231190928","article-title":"An investigation of gender representation and collaboration in academic plastic surgery research","volume":"33","author":"Chawla","year":"2023","journal-title":"Plast Surg"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2026.08.033_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"672","DOI":"10.1067\/msy.2002.124880","article-title":"Leaders in american surgery: where are the women?","volume":"131","author":"Jonasson","year":"2002","journal-title":"Surgery"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2026.08.033_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"433e","DOI":"10.1097\/PRS.0000000000006503","article-title":"Is there gender inequality in plastic surgery? Evaluation of society leadership and composition of editorial boards","volume":"145","author":"Chen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2026.08.033_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"640","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjsurg.2017.07.005","article-title":"The role of same-sex mentorship and organizational support in encouraging women to pursue surgery","volume":"214","author":"Faucett","year":"2017","journal-title":"Am J Surg"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2026.08.033_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"583","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jamcollsurg.2021.08.675","article-title":"Women in surgery Italia: national survey assessing gender-related challenges","volume":"233","author":"Parini","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Am Coll Surg"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2026.08.033_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1063","DOI":"10.1097\/PRS.0000000000004247","article-title":"Factors affecting women\u2019s success in academic and private practice plastic surgery","volume":"141","author":"Shah","year":"2018","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2026.08.033_bib18","article-title":"State of gender diversity and equity policies within plastic and reconstructive surgery in Canada","volume":"8","author":"Retrouvey","year":"2020","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg Glob Open"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2026.08.033_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2111","DOI":"10.1007\/s00266-024-04522-z","article-title":"Can state family support policies level the playing field for early-career women in plastic surgery? An analysis of web-scraped data","volume":"49","author":"Smith","year":"2025","journal-title":"Aesthet Plast Surg"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2026.08.033_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1351","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjsurg.2020.06.037","article-title":"The confidence gap: Findings for women in plastic surgery","volume":"220","author":"Van Boerum","year":"2020","journal-title":"Am J Surg"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2026.08.033_bib21","article-title":"Gender differences in plastic surgery trainee confidence: a pilot analysis during cleft lip simulation","volume":"11","author":"Stanek","year":"2023","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg Glob Open"},{"issue":"October","key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2026.08.033_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"403","DOI":"10.2147\/JHL.S472364","article-title":"Breaking the glass ceiling: a multiregional study of mentorship and leadership in all-women surgical teams","volume":"16","author":"Bustamante","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Healthc Leadersh"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2026.08.033_bib23","first-page":"6","article-title":"Evaluating the paucity of female surgeons in plastic surgery: a review of the systemic barriers to entry and success","volume":"16","author":"Maini","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2026.08.033_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"176","DOI":"10.1097\/SLA.0000000000006718","article-title":"Change is hardest right before the glass ceiling breaks: an update on women pursuing careers in academic surgery at a national level","volume":"282","author":"Harris","year":"2025","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2026.08.033_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"666","DOI":"10.1177\/15589447251324664","article-title":"Decade-long examination of gender disparities in session and speaker roles at hand surgery conferences","volume":"21","author":"Krasnoff","year":"2026","journal-title":"Hand"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2026.08.033_bib26","first-page":"204","article-title":"Gender disparity in abstract presentation at plastic surgery meetings","volume":"143","author":"Ali","year":"2020","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2026.08.033_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.1097\/PRS.0000000000005098","article-title":"An analysis of female plastic surgery authorship: where are we today?","volume":"143","author":"Andry","year":"2019","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2026.08.033_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"186","DOI":"10.1177\/22925503231190928","article-title":"An investigation of gender representation and collaboration in academic plastic surgery research","volume":"33","author":"Chawla","year":"2025","journal-title":"Plast Surg"},{"issue":"265","key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2026.08.033_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"204","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jss.2021.02.010","article-title":"Gender disparity in abstract presentation at plastic surgery meetings","volume":"265","author":"Elango","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Surg Res"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2026.08.033_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"581E","DOI":"10.1097\/PRS.0000000000009040","article-title":"Uneven progress in gender equality at plastic surgery conferences: lessons from a decade of meetings","volume":"149","author":"Bregman","year":"2022","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"}],"container-title":["Journal of Plastic, Reconstructive & Aesthetic Surgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1748681526004900?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1748681526004900?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T15:22:28Z","timestamp":1792077748000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1748681526004900"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,11]]},"references-count":30,"alternative-id":["S1748681526004900"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bjps.2026.08.033","relation":{},"ISSN":["1748-6815"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1748-6815","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Perceptions of gender-related differences among plastic surgeons: A European survey","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Plastic, Reconstructive & Aesthetic Surgery","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bjps.2026.08.033","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of British Association of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgeons.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}