{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T22:03:17Z","timestamp":1790805797590,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,12,1]],"date-time":"2026-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1796083200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,12,1]],"date-time":"2026-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1796083200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","jprasurg.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Plastic, Reconstructive &amp; Aesthetic Surgery"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2026.09.011","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T06:50:05Z","timestamp":1789627805000},"page":"48-55","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Management, reconstructive strategies and outcomes following open tibia\/fibula and ankle fractures: An age-based comparison"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"123","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7475-0096","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"XL Xinting","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"CO Christiana","family":"Odusanya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"MF Mohammed","family":"Farid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-8179-6201","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"EL Eesaa","family":"Longden","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"SH Shahidul","family":"Huq","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"WM Wareth","family":"Maamoun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2026.09.011_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"497","DOI":"10.1016\/j.injury.2018.10.028","article-title":"Open tibial fractures in major trauma centres: a national prospective cohort study of current practice","volume":"50","author":"Young","year":"2019","journal-title":"Injury"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2026.09.011_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"420","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.98B3.35818","article-title":"Improving the care of patients with severe open fractures of the tibia: the effect of the introduction of Major Trauma Networks and national guidelines","volume":"98-B","author":"Wordsworth","year":"2016","journal-title":"Bone Jt J"},{"issue":"243","key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2026.09.011_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-198906000-00006","article-title":"Factors influencing infection rate in open fracture wounds","volume":"243","author":"Patzakis","year":"1989","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2026.09.011_bib4","series-title":"Standards for the management of open fractures","year":"2020"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2026.09.011_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1650","DOI":"10.1016\/j.injury.2015.04.015","article-title":"Contemporary demographics and complications of patients treated for open ankle fractures","volume":"46","author":"Ovaska","year":"2015","journal-title":"Injury"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2026.09.011_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1053\/j.jfas.2014.10.015","article-title":"Are low-energy open ankle fractures in the elderly the new geriatric hip fracture?","volume":"54","author":"Toole","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Foot Ankle Surg"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2026.09.011_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1016\/j.injury.2014.07.021","article-title":"Open fractures in the elderly. The importance of skin ageing","volume":"46","author":"Court-Brown","year":"2015","journal-title":"Injury"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2026.09.011_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1197","DOI":"10.1016\/j.injury.2018.03.010","article-title":"Managing soft tissues in severe lower limb trauma in an ageing population","volume":"49","author":"Noblet","year":"2018","journal-title":"Injury"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2026.09.011_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.88B3.17120","article-title":"Management of severe open tibial fractures: the need for combined orthopaedic and plastic surgical treatment in specialist centres","volume":"88","author":"Naique","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Bone Jt Surg Br"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2026.09.011_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1263","DOI":"10.1097\/01.prs.0000305536.09242.a6","article-title":"Routine use of wound vacuum-assisted closure does not allow coverage delay for open tibia fractures","volume":"121","author":"Bhattacharyya","year":"2008","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2026.09.011_bib11","series-title":"Negative pressure wound therapy for open traumatic wounds","year":"2025"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2026.09.011_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S71","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcot.2019.06.005","article-title":"Gustilo-Anderson type III tibial fractures have poor functional outcomes in patients over 75 years","volume":"11","author":"Steele","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Clin Orthop Trauma"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2026.09.011_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2268","DOI":"10.1016\/j.injury.2022.03.029","article-title":"Open lower limb fractures in the elderly","volume":"53","author":"Lancaster","year":"2022","journal-title":"Injury"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2026.09.011_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"401","DOI":"10.1007\/s00590-022-03209-y","article-title":"Open lower extremity fractures in the geriatric population","volume":"33","author":"Friedman","year":"2023","journal-title":"Eur J Orthop Surg Traumatol"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2026.09.011_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.injury.2025.112871","article-title":"Outcomes from open lower limb fractures in elderly patients undergoing orthoplastic surgery - an observational cohort study from the South Wales Orthoplastic Service","volume":"56","author":"Shah","year":"2025","journal-title":"Injury"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2026.09.011_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"373","DOI":"10.1016\/0021-9681(87)90171-8","article-title":"A new method of classifying prognostic comorbidity in longitudinal studies: development and validation","volume":"40","author":"Charlson","year":"1987","journal-title":"J Chronic Dis"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2026.09.011_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.berh.2022.101777","article-title":"The global burden of fragility fractures \u2013 what are the differences, and where are the gaps","volume":"36","author":"Mitchell","year":"2022","journal-title":"Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2026.09.011_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1016\/j.maturitas.2018.02.011","article-title":"Improving the rehabilitation of older people after emergency hospital admission","volume":"111","author":"McKelvie","year":"2018","journal-title":"Maturitas"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2026.09.011_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1177\/2151458514560471","article-title":"ASA grade and elderly patients with femoral neck fracture","volume":"5","author":"Yeoh","year":"2014","journal-title":"Geriatr Orthop Surg Rehabil"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2026.09.011_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.otsr.2021.103137","article-title":"Treatment of bimalleolar fractures in elderly","volume":"108","author":"Loubignac","year":"2022","journal-title":"Orthop Traumatol Surg Res"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2026.09.011_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"490","DOI":"10.1053\/j.jfas.2021.09.024","article-title":"Factors affecting hospital length of stay in geriatric patients with a surgically treated fragility ankle fracture","volume":"61","author":"Dang","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Foot Ankle Surg"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2026.09.011_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"763","DOI":"10.1016\/j.injury.2016.11.014","article-title":"Low energy open ankle fractures in the elderly: outcome and treatment algorithm","volume":"48","author":"Wijendra","year":"2017","journal-title":"Injury"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2026.09.011_bib23","first-page":"63","article-title":"The perioperative care of older patients: time for a new, interdisciplinary approach","volume":"116","author":"Olotu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Dtsch Arztebl Int"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2026.09.011_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"236","DOI":"10.1302\/2633-1462.53.BJO-2023-0155.R1","article-title":"Consensus on managing open ankle fractures in the frail patient understanding the pathology, clinical outcomes, and common problems utilizing a modified Delphi process","volume":"5","author":"Guryel","year":"2024","journal-title":"Bone Jt Open"}],"container-title":["Journal of Plastic, Reconstructive &amp; Aesthetic Surgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1748681526005255?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1748681526005255?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T21:49:44Z","timestamp":1790804984000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1748681526005255"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]},"references-count":24,"alternative-id":["S1748681526005255"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bjps.2026.09.011","relation":{},"ISSN":["1748-6815"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1748-6815","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Management, reconstructive strategies and outcomes following open tibia\/fibula and ankle fractures: An age-based comparison","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Plastic, Reconstructive & Aesthetic Surgery","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bjps.2026.09.011","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 British Association of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgeons. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}