{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T07:45:33Z","timestamp":1792568733248,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,1]],"date-time":"2021-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1635724800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,1]],"date-time":"2021-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1635724800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,6]],"date-time":"2021-07-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1625529600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Brazilian Journal of Physical Therapy"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,11]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjpt.2021.06.006","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,21]],"date-time":"2021-07-21T10:07:58Z","timestamp":1626862078000},"page":"664-675","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":100,"title":["What is the evidence for abdominal and pelvic floor muscle training to treat diastasis recti abdominis postpartum? A systematic review with meta-analysis"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Sandra","family":"Gluppe","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marie Ellstr\u00f6m","family":"Engh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kari","family":"B\u00f8","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjpt.2021.06.006_bib0001","series-title":"Taber's Cyclopedic Medical Dictionary","author":"Venes","year":"2013"},{"issue":"17","key":"10.1016\/j.bjpt.2021.06.006_bib0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1092","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2016-096065","article-title":"Diastasis recti abdominis during pregnancy and 12 months after childbirth: prevalence, risk factors and report of lumbopelvic pain","volume":"50","author":"Sperstad","year":"2016","journal-title":"Br J Sports Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.bjpt.2021.06.006_bib0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.physio.2013.08.005","article-title":"Effects of exercise on diastasis of the rectus abdominis muscle in the antenatal and postnatal periods: a systematic review","volume":"100","author":"Benjamin","year":"2014","journal-title":"Physiotherapy"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.bjpt.2021.06.006_bib0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"200","DOI":"10.1016\/j.math.2014.09.002","article-title":"Prevalence and risk factors of diastasis recti abdominis from late pregnancy to 6 months postpartum, and relationship with lumbo-pelvic pain","volume":"20","author":"Fernandes da Mota","year":"2015","journal-title":"Man Ther"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.bjpt.2021.06.006_bib0005","first-page":"817","article-title":"Prevalence of diastasis recti abdominis in the population of young multiparous adults in Turkey","volume":"82","author":"Turan","year":"2011","journal-title":"Ginekol Pol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjpt.2021.06.006_bib0006","first-page":"49","article-title":"Risk factors for diastasis of the recti abdominis","volume":"97","author":"Candido","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Assoc Chart Physiother Women's Health"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.bjpt.2021.06.006_bib0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1007\/s00192-006-0143-5","article-title":"Prevalence of diastasis recti abdominis in a urogynecological patient population","volume":"18","author":"Spitznagle","year":"2007","journal-title":"Int Urogynecol J Pelvic Floor Dysfunct"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.bjpt.2021.06.006_bib0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"112","DOI":"10.1159\/000371859","article-title":"Correlation between abdominal rectus diastasis width and abdominal muscle strength","volume":"32","author":"Gunnarsson","year":"2015","journal-title":"Dig Surg"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.bjpt.2021.06.006_bib0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1097\/01274882-200933020-00003","article-title":"Diastasis rectus abdominis and lumbo-pelvic pain and dysfunction-are they related?","volume":"33","author":"Parker","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Women's Health Phys Ther"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.bjpt.2021.06.006_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1016\/j.physio.2018.07.002","article-title":"Relationship between diastasis rectus of the abdominal muscles (DRAM) and musculoskeletal dysfunctions, pain and quality of life: a systematic review","volume":"105","author":"Benjamin","year":"2019","journal-title":"Physiotherapy"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.bjpt.2021.06.006_bib0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"112","DOI":"10.1016\/j.math.2006.10.001","article-title":"Postpartum characteristics of rectus abdominis on ultrasound imaging","volume":"13","author":"Coldron","year":"2008","journal-title":"Man Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjpt.2021.06.006_bib0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1016\/j.math.2015.09.013","article-title":"Measurement methods to assess diastasis of the rectus abdominis muscle (DRAM): a systematic review of their measurement properties and meta-analytic reliability generalisation","volume":"21","author":"van de Water","year":"2016","journal-title":"Man Ther"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.bjpt.2021.06.006_bib0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"940","DOI":"10.2519\/jospt.2012.4115","article-title":"Test-retest and intrarater reliability of 2-dimensional ultrasound measurements of distance between rectus abdominis in women","volume":"42","author":"Mota","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Orthop Sports Phys Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjpt.2021.06.006_bib0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1016\/j.msksp.2018.02.004","article-title":"Normal width of the inter-recti distance in pregnant and postpartum primiparous women","volume":"35","author":"Mota","year":"2018","journal-title":"Musculoskelet Sci Pract"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.bjpt.2021.06.006_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1097\/JWH.0b013e318276f35f","article-title":"Diastasis recti abdominis: a survey of women's health specialists for current physical therapy clinical practice for postpartum women","volume":"36","author":"Keeler","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Women's Health Phys Ther"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.bjpt.2021.06.006_bib0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1186\/s12905-020-00907-9","article-title":"Physiotherapists' and midwives' views of increased inter recti abdominis distance and its management in women after childbirth","volume":"20","author":"Gustavsson","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMC Womens Health"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.bjpt.2021.06.006_bib0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"435","DOI":"10.2519\/jospt.2011.3507","article-title":"The relationships between inter-recti distance measured by ultrasound imaging and abdominal muscle function in postpartum women: a 6-month follow-up study","volume":"41","author":"Liaw","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Orthop Sports Phys Ther"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.bjpt.2021.06.006_bib0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"344","DOI":"10.1016\/j.physio.2013.11.006","article-title":"Inter-rectus distance in postpartum women can be reduced by isometric contraction of the abdominal muscles: a preliminary case-control study","volume":"100","author":"Pascoal","year":"2014","journal-title":"Physiotherapy"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.bjpt.2021.06.006_bib0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"286","DOI":"10.1016\/j.physio.2015.04.004","article-title":"Abdominal exercises affect inter-rectus distance in postpartum women: a two-dimensional ultrasound study","volume":"101","author":"Sancho","year":"2015","journal-title":"Physiotherapy"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.bjpt.2021.06.006_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"580","DOI":"10.2519\/jospt.2016.6536","article-title":"Behavior of the linea alba during a curl-up task in diastasis rectus abdominis: an observational study","volume":"46","author":"Lee","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Orthop Sports Phys Ther"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.bjpt.2021.06.006_bib0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1016\/j.physio.2018.08.009","article-title":"Effect of pelvic floor and transversus abdominis muscle contraction on inter-rectus distance in postpartum women: a cross-sectional experimental study","volume":"105","author":"Theodorsen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Physiotherapy"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.bjpt.2021.06.006_bib0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jphys.2019.08.005","article-title":"Clinimetrics: physiotherapy evidence database (PEDro) scale","volume":"66","author":"Cashin","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Physiother"},{"issue":"14","key":"10.1016\/j.bjpt.2021.06.006_bib0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"907","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2014-094468","article-title":"15 years of tracking physiotherapy evidence on PEDro, where are we now?","volume":"49","author":"Kamper","year":"2015","journal-title":"Br J Sports Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.bjpt.2021.06.006_bib0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1054\/math.2000.0372","article-title":"PEDro. A database of randomized trials and systematic reviews in physiotherapy","volume":"5","author":"Sherrington","year":"2000","journal-title":"Man Ther"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.bjpt.2021.06.006_bib0025","first-page":"260","article-title":"Effect of a postpartum training program on prevalence of diastasis recti abdominis in postpartum primiparous women: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"98","author":"Gluppe","year":"2018","journal-title":"Phys The"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjpt.2021.06.006_bib0026","series-title":"Handbook for Grading the Quality of Evidence and the Strength of Recommendations Using the GRADE Approach","article-title":"Grading of recommendations, assessment, development and evaluation (GRADE) working group","author":"Schunemann","year":"2013"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjpt.2021.06.006_bib0027","series-title":"GRADEpro Guideline Development Tool [Software]","year":"2020"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.bjpt.2021.06.006_bib0028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1097\/JWH.0000000000000101","article-title":"Noninvasive treatment of postpartum diastasis recti abdominis: a pilot study","volume":"42","author":"Tuttle","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Women's Health Phys Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjpt.2021.06.006_bib0029","first-page":"1","article-title":"The impact of exercise therapy and abdominal binding in the management of diastasis recti abdominis in the early post-partum period: a pilot randomized controlled trial","author":"Keshwani","year":"2019","journal-title":"Physiother Theory Pract"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.bjpt.2021.06.006_bib0031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.7243\/2055-2386-3-3","volume":"3","author":"Walton","year":"2016","journal-title":"Phys Ther Rehabil"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.bjpt.2021.06.006_bib0032","first-page":"11","article-title":"Physiotherapy in women with diastasis of the rectus abdominis muscles","author":"Bobowik","year":"2018","journal-title":"Adv Rehabil Post\u0119p Rehabil"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.bjpt.2021.06.006_bib0033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"465","DOI":"10.5535\/arm.2017.41.3.465","article-title":"Neuromuscular electrical stimulation and strength recovery of postnatal diastasis recti abdominis muscles","volume":"41","author":"Kamel","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ann Rehabil Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.bjpt.2021.06.006_bib0034","first-page":"62","article-title":"Efficacy of deep core stability exercise program in postpartum women with diastasis recti abdominis: a randomised controlled trial","volume":"19","author":"Thabet","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Musculoskelet Neuronal Interact"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.bjpt.2021.06.006_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.1016\/S1836-9553(13)70174-7","article-title":"Concealed allocation in randomised trials","volume":"59","author":"Elkins","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Physiother"},{"issue":"9306","key":"10.1016\/j.bjpt.2021.06.006_bib0036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"614","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(02)07750-4","article-title":"Allocation concealment in randomised trials: defending against deciphering","volume":"359","author":"Schulz","year":"2002","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.bjpt.2021.06.006_bib0037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1016\/j.physio.2016.03.001","article-title":"How completely are physiotherapy interventions described in reports of randomised trials?","volume":"102","author":"Yamato","year":"2016","journal-title":"Physiotherapy"},{"issue":"7515","key":"10.1016\/j.bjpt.2021.06.006_bib0038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"507","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.331.7515.507","article-title":"Analysis of quality of interventions in systematic reviews","volume":"331","author":"Herbert","year":"2005","journal-title":"BMJ (Clin Res Ed)"},{"issue":"16","key":"10.1016\/j.bjpt.2021.06.006_bib0039","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1110","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2011-090290","article-title":"Exercise prescription: a case for standardised reporting","volume":"46","author":"Slade","year":"2012","journal-title":"Br J Sports Med"},{"issue":"19","key":"10.1016\/j.bjpt.2021.06.006_bib0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2020","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2018.14854","article-title":"The physical activity guidelines for Americans","volume":"320","author":"Piercy","year":"2018","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.bjpt.2021.06.006_bib0041","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1334","DOI":"10.1249\/MSS.0b013e318213fefb","article-title":"American college of sports medicine position stand. Quantity and quality of exercise for developing and maintaining cardiorespiratory, musculoskeletal, and neuromotor fitness in apparently healthy adults: guidance for prescribing exercise","volume":"43","author":"Garber","year":"2011","journal-title":"Med Sci Sports Exerc"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.bjpt.2021.06.006_bib0042","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"781","DOI":"10.2519\/jospt.2015.5459","article-title":"The immediate effects on inter-rectus distance of abdominal crunch and drawing-in exercises during pregnancy and the postpartum period","volume":"45","author":"Mota","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Orthop Sports Phys Ther"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.bjpt.2021.06.006_bib0043","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1372","DOI":"10.1093\/ptj\/pzaa070","article-title":"Immediate effect of abdominal and pelvic floor muscle exercises on interrecti distance in women with diastasis recti abdominis who were parous","volume":"100","author":"Gluppe","year":"2020","journal-title":"Phys Ther"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.bjpt.2021.06.006_bib0044","article-title":"Pelvic floor muscle training versus no treatment, or inactive control treatments, for urinary incontinence in women","volume":"10","author":"Dumoulin","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.bjpt.2021.06.006_bib0045","article-title":"Pelvic floor muscle training for preventing and treating urinary and faecal incontinence in antenatal and postnatal women","volume":"5","author":"Woodley","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.bjpt.2021.06.006_bib0046","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"368","DOI":"10.1002\/nau.20700","article-title":"Evidence for benefit of transversus abdominis training alone or in combination with pelvic floor muscle training to treat female urinary incontinence: a systematic review","volume":"28","author":"B\u00f8","year":"2009","journal-title":"Neurourol Urodyn"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.bjpt.2021.06.006_bib0047","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"200","DOI":"10.1016\/j.math.2014.09.002","article-title":"Prevalence and risk factors of diastasis recti abdominis from late pregnancy to 6 months postpartum, and relationship with lumbo-pelvic pain","volume":"20","author":"Mota","year":"2015","journal-title":"Man Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjpt.2021.06.006_bib0048","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"228","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2020.06.038","article-title":"Diastasis of the rectus abdominis muscles in postpartum: concordance of patient and clinician evaluations, prevalence, associated pelvic floor symptoms and quality of life","volume":"252","author":"Cardaillac","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol"}],"container-title":["Brazilian Journal of Physical Therapy"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1413355521000733?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1413355521000733?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,25]],"date-time":"2025-10-25T15:53:23Z","timestamp":1761407603000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1413355521000733"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,11]]},"references-count":47,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,11]]}},"alternative-id":["S1413355521000733"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bjpt.2021.06.006","relation":{},"ISSN":["1413-3555"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1413-3555","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"What is the evidence for abdominal and pelvic floor muscle training to treat diastasis recti abdominis postpartum? A systematic review with meta-analysis","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Brazilian Journal of Physical Therapy","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bjpt.2021.06.006","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2021 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Espa\u00f1a, S.L.U. on behalf of Associa\u00e7\u00e3o Brasileira de Pesquisa e P\u00f3s-Gradua\u00e7\u00e3o em Fisioterapia.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}