{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,6]],"date-time":"2026-11-06T06:32:58Z","timestamp":1793946778496,"version":"4.8.0"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004608","name":"Jiangsu Province Natural Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["BK20231180"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BK20231180"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004608","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012217","name":"Xuzhou Medical University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012217","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82473777"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82473777"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Bioorganic &amp; Medicinal Chemistry"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.bmc.2026.118662","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,15]],"date-time":"2026-04-15T20:32:39Z","timestamp":1776285159000},"page":"118662","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Exploration and optimization of indole derivatives as novel anti-HBV agent with potential TLR7-agonistic effect"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"138","author":[{"given":"Lihua","family":"Yang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zibin","family":"Qiu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xincheng","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiachen","family":"Wei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yike","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Weiqun","family":"Yuan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qiuting","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoke","family":"Gu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jingying","family":"Qiu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.bmc.2026.118662_bb0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1111\/liv.70004","article-title":"The burden of hepatitis b and c in Asia, 1990-2019: an update analysis from the global burden of disease study 2019","volume":"45","author":"Chen","year":"2025","journal-title":"Liver Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bmc.2026.118662_bb0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e447","DOI":"10.1016\/S2214-109X(24)00506-0","article-title":"Vertical transmission of hepatitis b virus in the WHO african region: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"13","author":"Riches","year":"2025","journal-title":"Lancet Glob Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bmc.2026.118662_bb0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.21037\/hbsn-2024-754","article-title":"2024 latest report on hepatitis b virus epidemiology in China: current status, changing trajectory, and challenges","volume":"14","author":"Yan","year":"2025","journal-title":"Hepatobiliary Surg Nutr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bmc.2026.118662_bb0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"491","DOI":"10.1016\/S2468-1253(24)00087-6","article-title":"Liver cancer surveillance in people with hepatitis b in africa","volume":"9","author":"Ndububa","year":"2024","journal-title":"Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bmc.2026.118662_bb0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj-2024-079579","article-title":"Advances in the management of hepatitis b","volume":"389","author":"Rajbhandari","year":"2025","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bmc.2026.118662_bb0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"493","DOI":"10.1016\/S2468-1253(24)00089-X","article-title":"WHO 2024 hepatitis b guidelines: an opportunity to transform care","volume":"9","author":"Easterbrook","year":"2024","journal-title":"Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bmc.2026.118662_bb0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2025.117441","article-title":"Design and biochemical evaluation of 2-cyclopropyl-thioureidobenzamide (CP-TBA) derivatives as potent HBV capsid assembly modulators targeting a novel binding site","volume":"289","author":"Wang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Eur J Med Chem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bmc.2026.118662_bb0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1197","DOI":"10.3350\/cmh.2025.0492","article-title":"Global strategies and actions to eliminate hepatitis b virus infection","volume":"31","author":"Lin","year":"2025","journal-title":"Clin Mol Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bmc.2026.118662_bb0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S165","DOI":"10.3350\/cmh.2024.0855","article-title":"Prospect of emerging treatments for hepatitis b virus functional cure","volume":"31","author":"Hui","year":"2025","journal-title":"Clin Mol Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bmc.2026.118662_bb0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2025.103400","article-title":"Safety and efficacy of GST-HG141, a novel HBV capsid assembly modulator, for the treatment of chronic hepatitis b patients with low-level viremia: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter phase II study","volume":"87","author":"Wang","year":"2025","journal-title":"eClinicalMedicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bmc.2026.118662_bb0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2024.117093","article-title":"Recent advances in screening methods enabling the discovery of novel anti-hepatitis b virus drug candidates","volume":"282","author":"Jin","year":"2025","journal-title":"Eur J Med Chem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bmc.2026.118662_bb0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lanmic.2025.101076","article-title":"Hepatitis b virus resistance to nucleos(t)ide analogue therapy: WHO consultation on questions, challenges, and a roadmap for the field","volume":"6","author":"Lumley","year":"2025","journal-title":"Lancet Microbe"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bmc.2026.118662_bb0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2821","DOI":"10.1097\/CM9.0000000000003178","article-title":"Current trends and advances in antiviral therapy for chronic hepatitis b","volume":"137","author":"Li","year":"2024","journal-title":"Chin Med J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bmc.2026.118662_bb0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2023.1206720","article-title":"Immune response and treatment targets of chronic hepatitis B virus infection: innate and adaptive immunity","volume":"13","author":"Zheng","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front Cell Infect Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bmc.2026.118662_bb0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2015","DOI":"10.1002\/med.22030","article-title":"Elimination of the hepatitis b virus: a goal, a challenge","volume":"44","author":"RAA","year":"2024","journal-title":"Med Res Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bmc.2026.118662_bb0080","first-page":"1","article-title":"Engineered virus-hunter vaccine overcomes HBV immune tolerance","author":"Chen","year":"2025","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bmc.2026.118662_bb0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2022.965018","article-title":"Toll-like receptor-mediated innate immunity orchestrates adaptive immune responses in HBV infection","volume":"13","author":"Du","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bmc.2026.118662_bb0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10188","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jmedchem.0c00100","article-title":"Discovery of GS-9688 (selgantolimod) as a potent and selective oral toll-like receptor 8 agonist for the treatment of chronic hepatitis b","volume":"63","author":"Mackman","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Med Chem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bmc.2026.118662_bb0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8010","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jmedchem.1c00300","article-title":"Structural evolution and translational potential for agonists and antagonists of endosomal toll-like receptors","volume":"64","author":"Talukdar","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Med Chem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bmc.2026.118662_bb0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6236","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jmedchem.8b00643","article-title":"2,4-Diaminoquinazolines as dual toll-like receptor (TLR) 7\/8 modulator s for the treatment of hepatitis b virus","volume":"61","author":"Embrechts","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Med Chem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bmc.2026.118662_bb0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1331","DOI":"10.1111\/jvh.12942","article-title":"Safety and efficacy of vesatolimod (GS-9620) in patients with chronic hepatitis b who are not currently on antiviral treatment","volume":"25","author":"Agarwal","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Viral Hepat"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bmc.2026.118662_bb0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.31255","article-title":"Toll-like receptor 8 agonist GS-9688 induces sustained efficacy in the woodchuck model of chronic hepatitis b","volume":"73","author":"Daffis","year":"2021","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bmc.2026.118662_bb0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2024.116575","article-title":"Exploration of 1-(indolin-1-yl)-2-(thiazol-2-yl)Ethan-1-one derivatives as novel anti-HBV agent with potential TLR7-agonistic effect","volume":"275","author":"Li","year":"2024","journal-title":"Eur J Med Chem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bmc.2026.118662_bb0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2022.114159","article-title":"Design and synthesis of novel quinazolinone derivatives as anti-HBV agents with TLR8 agonist effect","volume":"231","author":"Qiu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Eur J Med Chem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bmc.2026.118662_bb0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2022.114833","article-title":"Discovery of benzimidazole substituted 1, 2, 4-oxadiazole compounds as novel anti-HBV agents with TLR8-agonistic activities","volume":"244","author":"Qiu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Eur J Med Chem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bmc.2026.118662_bb0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3321","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jmedchem.3c01504","article-title":"Heterocyclic-modified imidazoquinoline derivatives: selective TLR7 agonist regulates tumor microenvironment against melanoma","volume":"67","author":"Ou","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Med Chem"}],"container-title":["Bioorganic &amp; Medicinal Chemistry"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0968089626001185?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0968089626001185?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,6]],"date-time":"2026-11-06T06:02:17Z","timestamp":1793944937000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0968089626001185"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"references-count":26,"alternative-id":["S0968089626001185"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bmc.2026.118662","relation":{},"ISSN":["0968-0896"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0968-0896","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Exploration and optimization of indole derivatives as novel anti-HBV agent with potential TLR7-agonistic effect","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bmc.2026.118662","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 Elsevier Ltd. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"118662"}}