{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]],"date-time":"2026-10-12T20:12:23Z","timestamp":1791835943825,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,1]],"date-time":"2022-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1661990400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,1]],"date-time":"2022-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1661990400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,26]],"date-time":"2022-05-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1653523200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Body Image"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,9]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.bodyim.2022.05.009","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,2]],"date-time":"2022-06-02T17:59:07Z","timestamp":1654192747000},"page":"75-83","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Examination of hair experiences among girls with Black\/African American identities"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"42","author":[{"given":"Taryn","family":"Henning","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mel","family":"Holman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Layla","family":"Ismael","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kimberly Y.","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lesley","family":"Williams","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stacie J.","family":"Shelton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marisol","family":"Perez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.bodyim.2022.05.009_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjpo-2020-000939","article-title":"Bullying in children: impact on child health","volume":"5","author":"Armitage","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMJ Paediatrics Open"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bodyim.2022.05.009_bib2","unstructured":"Asmelash, L. (2020, March 8), Black students say they are being penalized for their hair, and experts say every student is worse off because of it. CNN. Retrieved from \u3008https:\/\/www.cnn.com\/2020\/03\/08\/us\/black-hair-discrimination-schools-trnd\/index.html\u3009."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.bodyim.2022.05.009_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"479","DOI":"10.1177\/0743558412457817","article-title":"Adolescent girls\u2019 experiences of discrimination: An examination of coping strategies, social support, and self-esteem","volume":"28","author":"Ayres","year":"2012","journal-title":"Journal of Adolescent Research"},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"10.1016\/j.bodyim.2022.05.009_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1007\/s11199-005-1190-y","article-title":"Images of women\u2019s sexuality in advertisements: A content analysis of black- and white-oriented women\u2019s and men\u2019s magazines","volume":"52","author":"Baker","year":"2005","journal-title":"Sex Roles"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bodyim.2022.05.009_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"855","DOI":"10.1037\/amp0000204","article-title":"Racial\/ethnic discrimination and well-being during adolescence: A meta-analytic review","volume":"73","author":"Benner","year":"2018","journal-title":"American Psychologist"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.bodyim.2022.05.009_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1007\/s12646-014-0261-y","article-title":"Teasing experiences, interpersonal sensitivity, self-schema and psychological distress in youth: an exploratory study","volume":"59","author":"Bhutani","year":"2014","journal-title":"Psychological Studies"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.bodyim.2022.05.009_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1191\/1478088706qp063oa","article-title":"Using thematic analysis in psychology","volume":"3","author":"Braun","year":"2006","journal-title":"Qualitative Research in Psychology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bodyim.2022.05.009_bib8","series-title":"Hair story: Untangling the roots of Black hair in America","author":"Byrd","year":"2014"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bodyim.2022.05.009_bib9","series-title":"Handbook of Multivariate Experimental Psychology","author":"Cattell","year":"1966"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.bodyim.2022.05.009_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1207\/s15327906mbr1201_3","article-title":"A study of a measure of sampling adequacy for factor-analytic correlation matrices","volume":"12","author":"Cerny","year":"1977","journal-title":"Multivariate Behavioral Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bodyim.2022.05.009_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"637","DOI":"10.1037\/0012-1649.44.3.637","article-title":"Gender matters, too: The influences of school racial discrimination and racial identity on academic engagement outcomes among African American adolescents","volume":"44","author":"Chavous","year":"2008","journal-title":"Developmental Psychology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bodyim.2022.05.009_bib12","series-title":"Community based Participatory Research for Health","first-page":"91","article-title":"The dance of race and privilege in CBPR","author":"Ch\u00e1vez","year":"2008"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bodyim.2022.05.009_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brat.2015.09.004","article-title":"Effectiveness of a brief school-based body image intervention \u201cDove Confident Me: Single Session\u201d when delivered by teachers and researchers: Results from a cluster randomised controlled trial","volume":"74","author":"Diedrichs","year":"2015","journal-title":"Behaviour Research and Therapy"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.bodyim.2022.05.009_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1037\/cdp0000041","article-title":"\u201cThey were just making jokes\u201d: Ethnic\/racial teasing and discrimination among adolescents","volume":"22","author":"Douglass","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cultural Diversity and Ethnic Minority Psychology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bodyim.2022.05.009_bib15","unstructured":"Erikson, E.H. (1994). Identity and the life cycle. WW Norton & Company."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bodyim.2022.05.009_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"401","DOI":"10.1007\/s10643-020-01081-1","article-title":"I love my hair: The weaponizing of Black girls\u2019 hair by educators in early childhood education","volume":"49","author":"Essien","year":"2021","journal-title":"Early Childhood Education"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.bodyim.2022.05.009_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1037\/cou0000571","article-title":"Devalued, overdisciplined, and stereotyped: An exploration of gendered racial microaggressions among Black adolescent girls","volume":"69","author":"Gadson","year":"2022","journal-title":"Journal of Counseling Psychology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.bodyim.2022.05.009_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.1038\/s41370-019-0186-6","article-title":"Chemical\/straightening and other hair product usage during childhood, adolescence, and adulthood among African-American women: Potential implications for health","volume":"30","author":"Gaston","year":"2020","journal-title":"Journal of Exposure Science and Environmental Epidemiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bodyim.2022.05.009_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"532","DOI":"10.1007\/s10964-008-9377-5","article-title":"The impact of racial discrimination and coping strategies on internalizing symptoms in African American youth","volume":"38","author":"Gaylord-Harden","year":"2009","journal-title":"Journal of Youth and Adolescence"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bodyim.2022.05.009_bib20","unstructured":"Griffith, J. (2019, February 23). When hair breaks rules: Some black children are getting in trouble for natural hairstyles. NBC News. Retrieved from \u3008https:\/\/www.nbcnews.com\/news\/nbcblk\/when-hair-breaks-rules-some-black-children-are-getting-trouble-n973346\u3009."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.bodyim.2022.05.009_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1177\/0021934706291402","article-title":"Race and gender in the media: A content analysis of advertisements in two mainstream black magazines","volume":"39","author":"Hazell","year":"2008","journal-title":"Journal of Black Studies"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bodyim.2022.05.009_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Holmes, T. (2019, October 22). The industry that Black women built. Essence. \u3008https:\/\/www.essence.com\/news\/money-career\/business-black-beauty\/\u3009 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/oby.2000.56.","DOI":"10.1038\/oby.2000.56"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.bodyim.2022.05.009_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2094","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2009.170506","article-title":"Community-based participatory research: A capacity-building approach for policy advocacy and aimed at eliminating health disparities","volume":"100","author":"Israel","year":"2010","journal-title":"American Journal of Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bodyim.2022.05.009_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jankowski, G., Tshuma, S., Tshuma, S., & Hylton, M. (2017). Light except Lupita: The representation of Black women in magazines. Psychology of Women Section Review. ISSN: 1466\u20133724. \u3008https:\/\/eprints.leedsbeckett.ac.uk\/id\/eprint\/4016\/\u3009.","DOI":"10.53841\/bpspow.2017.19.1.27"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.bodyim.2022.05.009_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"645","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1014815725852","article-title":"Social comparison and body image: Attractiveness comparisons to models and peers among adolescent girls and boys","volume":"45","author":"Jones","year":"2001","journal-title":"Sex Roles"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bodyim.2022.05.009_bib26","unstructured":"Kai, M. (2019, January 11). In another case of dreadlock discrimination, Texas elementary school insists 1st grader cut his locs. The Root. Retrieved from \u3008https:\/\/www.theroot.com\/in-another-case-of-dreadlock-discrimination-texas-elem-1831684144\u3009."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bodyim.2022.05.009_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1177\/001316446002000116","article-title":"The application of electronic computers to factor analysis","volume":"20","author":"Kaiser","year":"1960","journal-title":"Educational and Psychological Measurement"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.bodyim.2022.05.009_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"240","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1746-1561.2010.00496.x","article-title":"Concurrent and longitudinal predictors of self\u2010esteem in elementary and middle school girls","volume":"80","author":"Kutob","year":"2010","journal-title":"Journal of School Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bodyim.2022.05.009_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1037\/a0031275","article-title":"The relation of ethnic\/racial identity, ethnic identity, and racial socialization to discrimination\u2013distress: A meta-analysis of Black Americans","volume":"60","author":"Lee","year":"2013","journal-title":"Journal of Counseling Psychology"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.bodyim.2022.05.009_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"634","DOI":"10.1080\/13613324.2020.1718075","article-title":"Brushed aside: African American women\u2019s narratives of hair bias in school","volume":"23","author":"Mbilishaka","year":"2020","journal-title":"Race Ethnicity and Education"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.bodyim.2022.05.009_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"590","DOI":"10.1037\/ort0000468","article-title":"Don\u2019t get it twisted: Untangling the psychology of hair discrimination within Black communities","volume":"90","author":"Mbilishaka","year":"2020","journal-title":"American Journal of Orthopsychiatry"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.bodyim.2022.05.009_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1080\/17404622.2020.1807033","article-title":"Black hair in the media: Racial portrayals are more than skin deep","volume":"35","author":"McWhorter","year":"2021","journal-title":"Communication Teacher"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bodyim.2022.05.009_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"899","DOI":"10.2466\/pms.1982.54.3.899","article-title":"Relation between body-esteem and self-esteem of obese and normal children","volume":"53","author":"Mendelson","year":"1982","journal-title":"Perceptual and Motor Skills"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.bodyim.2022.05.009_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bodyim.2010.05.004","article-title":"Appearance-related teasing, body dissatisfaction, and disordered eating: A meta-analysis","volume":"7","author":"Menzel","year":"2010","journal-title":"Body Image"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bodyim.2022.05.009_bib35","series-title":"Community-based participatory research for health","first-page":"5","article-title":"Part one: introduction to community-based participatory research","author":"Minkler","year":"2003"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bodyim.2022.05.009_bib36","series-title":"Preventing Bullying through Science, Policy, and Practice","author":"National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine","year":"2016"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bodyim.2022.05.009_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"523","DOI":"10.1007\/s11256-019-00500-x","article-title":"Hair harassment in urban schools and how it shapes the physical activity of Black adolescent girls","volume":"51","author":"O\u2019Brien-Richardson","year":"2019","journal-title":"The Urban Review"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.bodyim.2022.05.009_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"537","DOI":"10.1080\/13504630.2016.1157465","article-title":"Beauty as violence: \u201cbeautiful\u201d hair and the cultural violence of identity erasure","volume":"22","author":"Oyedemi","year":"2016","journal-title":"Social Identities"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.bodyim.2022.05.009_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"176","DOI":"10.1002\/tea.3660020306","article-title":"Part I: Cognitive development in children: Piaget development and learning","volume":"2","author":"Piaget","year":"1964","journal-title":"Journal of Research in Science Teaching"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bodyim.2022.05.009_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1177\/00219347211021096","article-title":"\u201cUneasy lies the head that wears a crown\u201d: A critical race analysis of the CROWN Act","author":"Pitts","year":"2021","journal-title":"Journal of Black Studies. Advanced online publication"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.bodyim.2022.05.009_bib41","first-page":"933","article-title":"Bias, employment discrimination, and Black women\u2019s hair: Another way forward","volume":"2018","author":"Powell","year":"2018","journal-title":"Brigham Young University Law Review"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bodyim.2022.05.009_bib42","unstructured":"Pulliam, T. (2016, February 8). Protest held at Durham school for African head wraps. ABC11 News. Retrieved from \u3008https:\/\/abc11.com\/news\/protest-held-at-durham-school-for-african-head-wraps\/1192427\/\u3009."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bodyim.2022.05.009_bib43","series-title":"Society and the adolescent self-image","author":"Rosenberg","year":"1965"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bodyim.2022.05.009_bib44","unstructured":"Sabino, P. (2021, May 17). The family fought a west side school\u2019s ban on black hairstyles \u2013 and now Illinois could ban hair discrimination. Block Chicago Club. Retrieved from \u3008https:\/\/blockclubchicago.org\/2021\/05\/17\/bill-to-outlaw-hair-discrimination-inspired-by-west-sides-school-ban-on-several-black-hair-styles-approved-by-state-senate\/\u3009."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bodyim.2022.05.009_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"156","DOI":"10.1037\/a0035322","article-title":"School diversity and racial discrimination among African-American adolescents","volume":"20","author":"Seaton","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cultural Diversity and Ethnic Minority Psychology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.bodyim.2022.05.009_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.4103\/0974-7753.114710","article-title":"Chemical hair relaxers have adverse effects a myth or reality","volume":"5","author":"Shetty","year":"2013","journal-title":"International Journal of Trichology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bodyim.2022.05.009_bib47","unstructured":"Solar, O., Irwin, A. (2007). A conceptual framework for action on the social determinants of health (Social Determinants of Health Discussion Paper 2). Retrieved from \u3008http:\/\/www.who.int\/sdhconference\/resources\/ConceptualframeworkforactiononSDH_eng.pdf\u3009."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bodyim.2022.05.009_bib48","unstructured":"Stubbs, R. (2019). A wrestler was forced to cut his dreadlocks before a match. His town is still looking for answer. The Washington Post. Retrieved from \u3008https:\/\/www.washingtonpost.com\/sports\/2019\/04\/17\/wrestler-was-forced-cut-his-dreadlocks-before-match-his-town-isstill-looking-answers\/\u3009."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bodyim.2022.05.009_bib49","unstructured":"Taketa, K. (2020, January 14). School suspended black student for insubordination after wearing braids. San Diego Union-Tribune. Retrieved from \u3008https:\/\/www.sandiegouniontribune.com\/news\/education\/story\/2020\u201301-13\/school-suspended-black-student-three-days-for-wearing-braids\u3009."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bodyim.2022.05.009_bib50","unstructured":"Turner, A., & Green, D. (2018, August 17). The black hair care industry generates billions - but the US is missing out on the market. CNBC. Retrieved from \u3008https:\/\/www.cnbc.com\/2018\/08\/17\/black-hair-care-wigs-weaves-extensions-salons\u3009."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.bodyim.2022.05.009_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.5430\/jnep.v6n5p100","article-title":"Theme development in qualitative content analysis and thematic analysis","volume":"6","author":"Vaismoradi","year":"2016","journal-title":"Journal of Nursing Education and Practice"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bodyim.2022.05.009_bib52","unstructured":"Walker, A. (May 2, 1997). Andre talks hair. Simon and Schuster. ISBN 978\u20130684824567. Accessed online April 2022: \u3008https:\/\/archive.org\/details\/andretalkshair00walk\u3009."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bodyim.2022.05.009_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1161","DOI":"10.1007\/s10802-014-9971-9","article-title":"Adolescents\u2019 body dysmorphic symptoms: Associations with same- and cross-sex peer teasing via appearance-based rejection sensitivity","volume":"43","author":"Webb","year":"2015","journal-title":"Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bodyim.2022.05.009_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2021.655892","article-title":"Modification of the Rosenberg scale to assess self-esteem in children","volume":"9","author":"Wood","year":"2021","journal-title":"Frontiers in Public Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.bodyim.2022.05.009_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1109\/TPC.2016.2635720","article-title":"How consistent are the best-known readability equations in estimating the readability of design standards?","volume":"60","author":"Zhou","year":"2017","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Professional Communication"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bodyim.2022.05.009_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.1017\/S0954579417000657","article-title":"Girls\u2019 and boys\u2019 trajectories of appearance anxiety from age 10 to 15 years are associated with earlier maturation and appearance-related teasing","volume":"30","author":"Zimmer-Gembeck","year":"2018","journal-title":"Development and Psychopathology"}],"container-title":["Body Image"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1740144522000961?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1740144522000961?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,28]],"date-time":"2025-10-28T16:13:26Z","timestamp":1761668006000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1740144522000961"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,9]]},"references-count":56,"alternative-id":["S1740144522000961"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bodyim.2022.05.009","relation":{},"ISSN":["1740-1445"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1740-1445","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Examination of hair experiences among girls with Black\/African American identities","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Body Image","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bodyim.2022.05.009","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2022 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}