{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T07:58:37Z","timestamp":1790755117478,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":193,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,1]],"date-time":"2020-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1606780800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,1]],"date-time":"2020-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1606780800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000009","name":"Foundation for the National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000009","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Bone"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.bone.2020.115568","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,31]],"date-time":"2020-07-31T12:08:52Z","timestamp":1596197332000},"page":"115568","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":98,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Intracellular Staphylococcus aureus in bone and joint infections: A mechanism of disease recurrence, inflammation, and bone and cartilage destruction"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"141","author":[{"given":"Kareme D.","family":"Alder","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Inkyu","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alana M.","family":"Munger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hyuk-Kwon","family":"Kwon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Montana T.","family":"Morris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sean V.","family":"Cahill","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"JungHo","family":"Back","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kristin E.","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francis Y.","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2020.115568_bb0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"527","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.15.4.527-544.2002","article-title":"Acute septic arthritis","volume":"15","author":"Shirtliff","year":"2002","journal-title":"Clin. Microbiol. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2020.115568_bb0010","first-page":"87","article-title":"Antimicrobial treatment of osteomyelitis","author":"Mader","year":"1993","journal-title":"Clin. Orthop. Relat. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2020.115568_bb0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"190S","DOI":"10.1097\/PRS.0b013e3182025070","article-title":"Surgical treatment of osteomyelitis","volume":"127","author":"Cierny","year":"2011","journal-title":"Plast. Reconstr. Surg."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2020.115568_bb0020","first-page":"2265","article-title":"Allaouchiche B. Diffusion in bone tissue of antibiotics","volume":"28","author":"Boselli","year":"1999","journal-title":"Presse medicale (Paris, France: 1983)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2020.115568_bb0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"856","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-197759070-00002","article-title":"The penetration characteristics of cefazolin, cephalothin, and cephradine into bone in patients undergoing total hip replacement","volume":"59","author":"Cunha","year":"1977","journal-title":"J. Bone Joint Surg. Am."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2020.115568_bb0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"601","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.21.4.601","article-title":"Comparative penetration of metronidazole, clindamycin, chloramphenicol, cefoxitin, ticarcillin, and moxalactam into bone","volume":"21","author":"Summersgill","year":"1982","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2020.115568_bb0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1268","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajic.2013.03.305","article-title":"Epidemiology and outcomes of surgical site infections following orthopedic surgery","volume":"41","author":"Li","year":"2013","journal-title":"Am. J. Infect. Control"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2020.115568_bb0040","first-page":"1005","article-title":"Chronic haematogenous osteomyelitis in children: an unsolved problem","volume":"93","author":"Jones","year":"2011","journal-title":"The Journal of bone and joint surgery. British volume"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2020.115568_bb0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(04)16727-5","article-title":"Osteomyelitis","volume":"364","author":"Lew","year":"2004","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2020.115568_bb0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhin.2012.12.014","article-title":"Prevention of surgical site infections in orthopaedic surgery and bone trauma: state-of-the-art update","volume":"84","author":"U\u00e7kay","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Hosp. Infect."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2020.115568_bb0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.RVW.19.00202","article-title":"Diagnosis and management of osteomyelitis in children: a critical analysis review","volume":"8","author":"Gornitzky","year":"2020","journal-title":"JBJS Reviews"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2020.115568_bb0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1097\/BCO.0000000000000627","article-title":"The evolving state of acute pediatric septic arthritis and osteomyelitis","volume":"29","author":"Franklin","year":"2018","journal-title":"Current Orthopaedic Practice"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2020.115568_bb0065","first-page":"1027","article-title":"Diagnosis and management of osteomyelitis","volume":"84","author":"Hatzenbuehler","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am. Fam. Physician"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2020.115568_bb0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"723","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9343(03)00231-6","article-title":"Outcomes of osteomyelitis among patients treated with outpatient parenteral antimicrobial therapy","volume":"114","author":"Tice","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am. J. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2020.115568_bb0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-197910000-00022","article-title":"Hyperbaric oxygen and chronic osteomyelitis","author":"Morrey","year":"1979","journal-title":"Clin. Orthop. Relat. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2020.115568_bb0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1016\/S1297-319X(01)00276-7","article-title":"Chronic recurrent multifocal osteomyelitis: five-year outcomes in 14 pediatric cases","volume":"68","author":"Job-Deslandre","year":"2001","journal-title":"Joint Bone Spine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2020.115568_bb0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1016\/0732-8893(90)90103-3","article-title":"Ciprofloxacin in the treatment of Staphylococcus aureus osteomyelitis: a review","volume":"13","author":"Wispelwey","year":"1990","journal-title":"Diagn. Microbiol. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2020.115568_bb0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.1177\/000992287301200213","article-title":"Staphylococcal osteomyelitis in children: success with cephaloridine-cephalexin therapy","volume":"12","author":"Walker","year":"1973","journal-title":"Clin. Pediatr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2020.115568_bb0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"485","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(78)80455-7","article-title":"Oral antibiotic therapy for skeletal infections of children: II. Therapy of osteomyelitis and suppurative arthritis","volume":"92","author":"Tetzlaff","year":"1978","journal-title":"J. Pediatr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2020.115568_bb0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/10.suppl_B.149","article-title":"Oral cefadroxil in the treatment of bone and joint infections in children and adults","volume":"10","author":"Jimenez-Shehab","year":"1982","journal-title":"J. Antimicrob. Chemother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2020.115568_bb0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1177\/0009922806289081","article-title":"Success of short-course parenteral antibiotictherapy for acute osteomyelitis of childhood","volume":"46","author":"Bachur","year":"2007","journal-title":"Clin. Pediatr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2020.115568_bb0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1092","DOI":"10.1097\/INF.0000000000001272","article-title":"Sequential parenteral to oral clindamycin dosing in pediatric musculoskeletal infection","volume":"35","author":"Erickson","year":"2016","journal-title":"Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2020.115568_bb0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5161","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00027-10","article-title":"Safety and efficacy of moxifloxacin monotherapy for treatment of orthopedic implant-related staphylococcal infections","volume":"54","author":"San Juan","year":"2010","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2020.115568_bb0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"650","DOI":"10.1177\/000992288202101102","article-title":"Long-term follow-up of ambulatory management of osteomyelitis","volume":"21","author":"Dunkle","year":"1982","journal-title":"Clin. Pediatr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2020.115568_bb0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"539","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2006.11.011","article-title":"Oral step-down therapy is comparable to intravenous therapy for Staphylococcus aureus osteomyelitis","volume":"54","author":"Daver","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Infect."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2020.115568_bb0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1177\/230949901602400118","article-title":"Use of erythrocyte sedimentation rate and C-reactive protein to predict osteomyelitis recurrence","volume":"24","author":"Lin","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Orthop. Surg."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2020.115568_bb0135","article-title":"Factors predictive of relapse in adult bacterial osteomyelitis of long bones","volume":"18","author":"Del Pozo","year":"2018","journal-title":"BMC Infect. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2020.115568_bb0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1002\/jor.20003","article-title":"Intracellular Staphylococcus aureus and antibiotic resistance: implications for treatment of staphylococcal osteomyelitis","volume":"24","author":"Ellington","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Orthop. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2020.115568_bb0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.18388\/abp.2012_2136","article-title":"Alternative therapies in Staphylococcus aureus diseases","volume":"59","author":"Kurlenda","year":"2012","journal-title":"Acta Biochim. Pol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2020.115568_bb0150","series-title":"Infections Associated With Indwelling Medical Devices","first-page":"1","article-title":"Host factors predisposing to and influencing therapy of foreign body infections","author":"Vaudaux","year":"2000"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2020.115568_bb0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2394","DOI":"10.1161\/01.ATV.0000237606.90253.94","article-title":"Staphylococcus aureus adhesion via Spa, ClfA, and SdrCDE to immobilized platelets demonstrates shear-dependent behavior","volume":"26","author":"George","year":"2006","journal-title":"Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2020.115568_bb0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1329","DOI":"10.2217\/fmb.11.117","article-title":"Scenery of Staphylococcus implant infections in orthopedics","volume":"6","author":"Montanaro","year":"2011","journal-title":"Future Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2020.115568_bb0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tim.2008.11.005","article-title":"Staphylococcus aureus: new evidence for intracellular persistence","volume":"17","author":"Garzoni","year":"2009","journal-title":"Trends Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2020.115568_bb0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2012.00043","article-title":"Intracellular Staphylococcus aureus: live-in and let die","volume":"2","author":"Fraunholz","year":"2012","journal-title":"Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2020.115568_bb0175","first-page":"249","article-title":"Intracellular residency is frequently associated with recurrent Staphylococcus aureus rhinosinusitis","volume":"44","author":"Plouin-Gaudon","year":"2006","journal-title":"Rhinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2020.115568_bb0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1574-6968.2000.tb09096.x","article-title":"Intracellular Staphylococcus aureus induces apoptosis in mouse osteoblasts","volume":"186","author":"Tucker","year":"2000","journal-title":"FEMS Microbiol. Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2020.115568_bb0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.320","article-title":"The amazing osteocyte","volume":"26","author":"Bonewald","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Bone Miner. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2020.115568_bb0190","first-page":"115","article-title":"Birth and death of bone cells: basic regulatory mechanisms and implications for the pathogenesis and treatment of osteoporosis","volume":"21","author":"Manolagas","year":"2000","journal-title":"Endocr. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2020.115568_bb0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e00415","DOI":"10.1128\/mBio.00415-18","article-title":"Novel insights into Staphylococcus aureus deep bone infections: the involvement of osteocytes","volume":"9","author":"Yang","year":"2018","journal-title":"MBio"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2020.115568_bb0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1016\/S8756-3282(99)00239-2","article-title":"In vivo internalization of Staphylococcus aureus by embryonic chick osteoblasts","volume":"26","author":"Reilly","year":"2000","journal-title":"Bone"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2020.115568_bb0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1343","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-200506000-00022","article-title":"Internalization of bacteria by osteoblasts in a patient with recurrent, long-term osteomyelitis: a case report","volume":"87","author":"Bosse","year":"2005","journal-title":"JBJS"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2020.115568_bb0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"481","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMc1111493","article-title":"Staphylococcus aureus reactivation osteomyelitis after 75 years","volume":"366","author":"Libraty","year":"2012","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2020.115568_bb0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"403","DOI":"10.3928\/01477447-20070501-12","article-title":"Recurrence of chronic osteomyelitis in a regenerated fibula after 65 years","volume":"30","author":"Hemmady","year":"2007","journal-title":"Orthopedics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2020.115568_bb0220","first-page":"205","article-title":"Acute osteomyelitis of the patella 50 years after a knee fusion for septic arthritis. A case report","author":"Korovessis","year":"1991","journal-title":"Clin. Orthop. Relat. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2020.115568_bb0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1186\/ar141","article-title":"The development of clinical signs of rheumatoid synovial inflammation is associated with increased synthesis of the chemokine CXCL8 (interleukin-8)","volume":"3","author":"Kraan","year":"2000","journal-title":"Arthritis Research & Therapy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2020.115568_bb0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1007\/s00005-011-0115-4","article-title":"CXCL8 and CCL5 expression in synovial fluid and blood serum in patients with osteoarthritis of the knee","volume":"59","author":"Pierzchala","year":"2011","journal-title":"Arch. Immunol. Ther. Exp."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2020.115568_bb0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1314","DOI":"10.1096\/fasebj.8.15.8001745","article-title":"The interleukin-1 family: 10 years of discovery","volume":"8","author":"Dinarello","year":"1994","journal-title":"FASEB J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2020.115568_bb0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8799","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.273.15.8799","article-title":"Activation of NF-\u03baB is involved in the survival of osteoclasts promoted by interleukin-1","volume":"273","author":"Jimi","year":"1998","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2020.115568_bb0245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"495","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(95)90070-5","article-title":"The TNF receptor 1-associated protein TRADD signals cell death and NF-\u03baB activation","volume":"81","author":"Hsu","year":"1995","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2020.115568_bb0250","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27307","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(19)61511-5","article-title":"Tumor necrosis factor receptors types 1 and 2 differentially regulate osteoclastogenesis","volume":"275","author":"Abu-Amer","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2020.115568_bb0255","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"915","DOI":"10.1359\/jbmr.080207","article-title":"Apoptotic bodies convey activity capable of initiating osteoclastogenesis and localized bone destruction","volume":"23","author":"Kogianni","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Bone Miner. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2020.115568_bb0260","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1748-1716.2011.02385.x","article-title":"Osteocytes: central conductors of bone biology in normal and pathological conditions","volume":"204","author":"Neve","year":"2012","journal-title":"Acta Physiol (Oxf)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2020.115568_bb0265","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1501","DOI":"10.1126\/science.289.5484.1501","article-title":"The osteoblast: a sophisticated fibroblast under central surveillance","volume":"289","author":"Ducy","year":"2000","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2020.115568_bb0270","first-page":"918","article-title":"Intracellular Staphylococcus aureus: a mechanism for the indolence of osteomyelitis","volume":"85","author":"Ellington","year":"2003","journal-title":"The Journal of bone and joint surgery. British volume"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2020.115568_bb0275","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"258","DOI":"10.22203\/eCM.v028a18","article-title":"Intracellular proliferation of S. aureus in osteoblasts and effects of rifampicin and gentamicin on S. aureus intracellular proliferation and survival","volume":"28","author":"Mohamed","year":"2014","journal-title":"Eur Cell Mater"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2020.115568_bb0280","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"409","DOI":"10.1006\/mpat.1995.0075","article-title":"Internalization of Staphylococcus aureus by cultured osteoblasts","volume":"19","author":"Hudson","year":"1995","journal-title":"Microb. Pathog."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2020.115568_bb0285","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2677","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.67.5.2677-2681.1999","article-title":"Mechanisms of internalization of Staphylococcus aureus by cultured human osteoblasts","volume":"67","author":"Jevon","year":"1999","journal-title":"Infect. Immun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2020.115568_bb0290","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.5041\/RMMJ.10080","article-title":"Osteoblasts in bone physiology\u2014mini review","volume":"3","author":"Rosenberg","year":"2012","journal-title":"Rambam Maimonides medical journal"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2020.115568_bb0295","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/S1357-2725(03)00241-3","article-title":"The osteocyte","volume":"36","author":"Tate","year":"2004","journal-title":"Int. J. Biochem. Cell Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2020.115568_bb0300","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1912","DOI":"10.1086\/315138","article-title":"Staphylococcus aureus infection of mouse or human osteoblasts induces high levels of interleukin-6 and interleukin-12 production","volume":"180","author":"Bost","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2020.115568_bb0305","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1399","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9440(10)63226-9","article-title":"Osteoblasts express the inflammatory cytokine interleukin-6 in a murine model of Staphylococcus aureus osteomyelitis and infected human bone tissue","volume":"164","author":"Marriott","year":"2004","journal-title":"Am. J. Pathol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2020.115568_bb0310","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1049","DOI":"10.1089\/107999002760624288","article-title":"Bacterial infection of osteoblasts induces interleukin-1 \u03b2 and interleukin-18 transcription but not protein synthesis","volume":"22","author":"Marriott","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Interf. Cytokine Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2020.115568_bb0315","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1089\/107999001300177484","article-title":"Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 expression by osteoblasts following infection with Staphylococcus aureus or Salmonella","volume":"21","author":"Bost","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Interf. Cytokine Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2020.115568_bb0320","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4075","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.70.8.4075-4082.2002","article-title":"Bacterium-induced CXCL10 secretion by osteoblasts can be mediated in part through toll-like receptor 4","volume":"70","author":"Gasper","year":"2002","journal-title":"Infect. Immun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2020.115568_bb0325","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1038\/35005552","article-title":"Activated T cells regulate bone loss and joint destruction in adjuvant arthritis through osteoprotegerin ligand","volume":"402","author":"Kong","year":"1999","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2020.115568_bb0330","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2804","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.67.6.2804-2809.1999","article-title":"CD4+ T cells and the proinflammatory cytokines gamma interferon and interleukin-6 contribute to alveolar bone loss in mice","volume":"67","author":"Baker","year":"1999","journal-title":"Infect. Immun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2020.115568_bb0335","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.1002\/jlb.61.4.381","article-title":"Osteoclasts, macrophages, and the molecular mechanisms of bone resorption","volume":"61","author":"Teitelbaum","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. Leukoc. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2020.115568_bb0340","first-page":"173","article-title":"The role of the macrophage in periprosthetic bone loss","volume":"43","author":"Santerre","year":"2000","journal-title":"Can. J. Surg."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2020.115568_bb0345","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5120","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.00228-08","article-title":"Staphylococcus aureus induces expression of receptor activator of NF-\u03baB ligand and prostaglandin E2 in infected murine osteoblasts","volume":"76","author":"Somayaji","year":"2008","journal-title":"Infect. Immun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2020.115568_bb0350","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mib.2013.11.004","article-title":"Staphylococcus aureus toxins","volume":"17","author":"Otto","year":"2014","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2020.115568_bb0355","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1581","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.69.3.1581-1586.2001","article-title":"Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella enterica serovar Dublin induce tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand expression by normal mouse and human osteoblasts","volume":"69","author":"Alexander","year":"2001","journal-title":"Infect. Immun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2020.115568_bb0360","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1038\/35008667","article-title":"TRAIL receptor-2 signals apoptosis through FADD and caspase-8","volume":"2","author":"Bodmer","year":"2000","journal-title":"Nat. Cell Biol."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2020.115568_bb0365","first-page":"160","article-title":"Caspase-8 regulation of TRAIL-mediated cell death","volume":"34","author":"Crowder","year":"2012","journal-title":"Exp Oncol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2020.115568_bb0370","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14363","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.273.23.14363","article-title":"Osteoprotegerin is a receptor for the cytotoxic ligand TRAIL","volume":"273","author":"Emery","year":"1998","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2020.115568_bb0375","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1229","DOI":"10.1016\/S0301-472X(99)00061-2","article-title":"Cell biology of the osteoclast","volume":"27","author":"Roodman","year":"1999","journal-title":"Exp. Hematol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2020.115568_bb0380","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"571","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiu386","article-title":"Dual impact of live Staphylococcus aureus on the osteoclast lineage, leading to increased bone resorption","volume":"211","author":"Trouillet-Assant","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2020.115568_bb0385","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1913","DOI":"10.1210\/endo.143.5.8813","article-title":"Transcriptional activity of nuclei in multinucleated osteoclasts and its modulation by calcitonin","volume":"143","author":"Boissy","year":"2002","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2020.115568_bb0390","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1016\/S8756-3282(00)00433-6","article-title":"Resorptive state and cell size influence intracellular pH regulation in rabbit osteoclasts cultured on collagen-hydroxyapatite films","volume":"28","author":"Lees","year":"2001","journal-title":"Bone"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2020.115568_bb0395","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00185977","article-title":"The relationship between the number of nuclei of an osteoclast and its resorptive capability in vitro","volume":"186","author":"Piper","year":"1992","journal-title":"Anat. Embryol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2020.115568_bb0400","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1002\/jcb.21171","article-title":"Increased expression of activating factors in large osteoclasts could explain their excessive activity in osteolytic diseases","volume":"101","author":"Trebec","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Cell. Biochem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2020.115568_bb0405","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"846","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(09)61595-6","article-title":"Bacterial septic arthritis in adults","volume":"375","author":"Mathews","year":"2010","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2020.115568_bb0410","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1251","DOI":"10.1007\/s00296-014-3206-9","article-title":"A retrospective study of septic arthritis in a tertiary hospital in West Texas with high rates of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infection","volume":"35","author":"Lim","year":"2015","journal-title":"Rheumatol. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2020.115568_bb0415","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"407","DOI":"10.1016\/j.berh.2011.02.001","article-title":"Septic arthritis","volume":"25","author":"Garc\u00eda-Arias","year":"2011","journal-title":"Best Pract. Res. Clin. Rheumatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2020.115568_bb0420","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1039","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/kel163a","article-title":"BSR & BHPR, BOA, RCGP and BSAC guidelines for management of the hot swollen joint in adults","volume":"45","author":"Coakley","year":"2006","journal-title":"Rheumatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2020.115568_bb0425","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1961","DOI":"10.1007\/s10067-014-2844-3","article-title":"Predictors of treatment failure and mortality in native septic arthritis","volume":"34","author":"Maneiro","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clin. Rheumatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2020.115568_bb0430","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1004","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.40.3.1004-1010.1983","article-title":"Synovial fluid inhibits killing of Staphylococcus aureus by neutrophils","volume":"40","author":"Simon","year":"1983","journal-title":"Infect. Immun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2020.115568_bb0435","first-page":"203","article-title":"Septic arthritis of native joints","volume":"31","author":"Ross","year":"2017","journal-title":"Infect. Dis. Clin."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2020.115568_bb0440","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"470","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.56.8.470","article-title":"Incidence and sources of native and prosthetic joint infection: a community based prospective survey","volume":"56","author":"Kaandorp","year":"1997","journal-title":"Ann. Rheum. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2020.115568_bb0445","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"214","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.58.4.214","article-title":"Clinical features and outcome of septic arthritis in a single UK Health District 1982\u20131991","volume":"58","author":"Weston","year":"1999","journal-title":"Ann. Rheum. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2020.115568_bb0450","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.61.3.267","article-title":"No changes in the distribution of organisms responsible for septic arthritis over a 20 year period","volume":"61","author":"Dubost","year":"2002","journal-title":"Ann. Rheum. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2020.115568_bb0455","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arth.2010.04.011","article-title":"Periprosthetic joint infection: the economic impact of methicillin-resistant infections","volume":"25","author":"Parvizi","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Arthroplast."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2020.115568_bb0460","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1007\/s11999-009-0945-0","article-title":"The epidemiology of revision total knee arthroplasty in the United States","volume":"468","author":"Bozic","year":"2010","journal-title":"Clin. Orthop. Relat. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2020.115568_bb0465","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3086","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.42.12.3086","article-title":"Ambulatory treatment of multidrug-resistantStaphylococcus-infected orthopedic implants with high-dose oral co-trimoxazole (trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole)","volume":"42","author":"Stein","year":"1998","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2020.115568_bb0470","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/39.2.235","article-title":"Oral treatment of Staphylococcus spp. infected orthopaedic implants with fusidic acid or ofloxacin in combination with rifampicin","volume":"39","author":"Drancourt","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. Antimicrob. Chemother."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2020.115568_bb0475","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1016\/j.medmal.2020.01.012","article-title":"J. Staphylococcus aureus native arthritis over 10 years","volume":"50","author":"Mu\u00f1oz-Gallego","year":"2020","journal-title":"Med. Mal. Infect."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2020.115568_bb0480","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"537","DOI":"10.1007\/s00402-007-0285-z","article-title":"Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus versus methicillin sensitive Staphylococcus aureus adult haematogenous septic arthritis","volume":"127","author":"Al-Nammari","year":"2007","journal-title":"Arch. Orthop. Trauma Surg."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2020.115568_bb0485","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"436","DOI":"10.1097\/INF.0b013e31824657dd","article-title":"Management of osteoarticular infections caused by Staphylococcus aureus is similar to that of other etiologies: analysis of 199 staphylococcal bone and joint infections","volume":"31","author":"P\u00e4\u00e4kk\u00f6nen","year":"2012","journal-title":"Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2020.115568_bb0490","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"582","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-0691.2011.03643.x","article-title":"group O-Ss. Clindamycin vs. first-generation cephalosporins for acute osteoarticular infections of childhood-a prospective quasi-randomized controlled trial","volume":"18","author":"Peltola","year":"2012","journal-title":"Clin. Microbiol. Infect."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2020.115568_bb0495","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"822","DOI":"10.1111\/clm.12031","article-title":"Prospective survey of acute osteoarticular infections in a French paediatric orthopedic surgery unit","volume":"19","author":"Ferroni","year":"2013","journal-title":"Clin. Microbiol. Infect."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2020.115568_bb0500","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(97)09522-6","article-title":"Septic arthritis","volume":"351","author":"Goldenberg","year":"1998","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2020.115568_bb0505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"884","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780400516","article-title":"The outcome of bacterial arthritis. A prospective community-based study","volume":"40","author":"Kaandorp","year":"1997","journal-title":"Arthritis & Rheumatism: Official Journal of the American College of Rheumatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2020.115568_bb0510","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1186\/ar2","article-title":"A possible cause of joint destruction in septic arthritis","volume":"1","author":"Krieg","year":"1999","journal-title":"Arthritis Research & Therapy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2020.115568_bb0515","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"401","DOI":"10.1016\/S1357-2725(02)00301-1","article-title":"The chondrocyte","volume":"35","author":"Archer","year":"2003","journal-title":"Int. J. Biochem. Cell Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2020.115568_bb0520","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1902","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2008.102392","article-title":"Effects of Porphyromonas gingivalis on cell cycle progression and apoptosis of primary human chondrocytes","volume":"68","author":"Pischon","year":"2009","journal-title":"Ann. Rheum. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2020.115568_bb0525","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1574-695X.1995.tb00185.x","article-title":"Localization of viable bacteria and bacterial antigens in arthritic joints of Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae-infected pigs","volume":"12","author":"Franz","year":"1995","journal-title":"FEMS Immunology & Medical Microbiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2020.115568_bb0530","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"457","DOI":"10.1302\/2046-3758.77.BJR-2017-0165.R1","article-title":"A potential key role for alpha-haemolysin of Staphylococcus aureus in mediating chondrocyte death in septic arthritis","volume":"7","author":"Smith","year":"2018","journal-title":"Bone & joint research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2020.115568_bb0535","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"696","DOI":"10.1016\/S0736-0266(00)00047-4","article-title":"Signal transduction pathways and apoptosis in bacteria infected chondrocytes","volume":"19","author":"Lee","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Orthop. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2020.115568_bb0540","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"463","DOI":"10.1038\/nrrheum.2017.115","article-title":"Synovial tissue research: a state-of-the-art review","volume":"13","author":"Orr","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Rheumatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2020.115568_bb0545","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.62.4.303","article-title":"Microarchitecture and protective mechanisms in synovial tissue from clinically and arthroscopically normal knee joints","volume":"62","author":"Smith","year":"2003","journal-title":"Ann. Rheum. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2020.115568_bb0550","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"622","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI200522263","article-title":"The secreted glycoprotein lubricin protects cartilage surfaces and inhibits synovial cell overgrowth","volume":"115","author":"Rhee","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Clin. Invest."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2020.115568_bb0555","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.1038\/15496","article-title":"CACP, encoding a secreted proteoglycan, is mutated in camptodactyly-arthropathy-coxa vara-pericarditis syndrome","volume":"23","author":"Marcelino","year":"1999","journal-title":"Nat. Genet."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2020.115568_bb0560","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/rmdopen-2017-000471","article-title":"Synovial fibroblasts in 2017","volume":"3","author":"Ospelt","year":"2017","journal-title":"RMD open"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2020.115568_bb0565","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"545","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1348-0421.1992.tb02054.x","article-title":"Conspicuous ingestion of Staphylococcus aureus organisms by murine fibroblasts in vitro","volume":"36","author":"Usui","year":"1992","journal-title":"Microbiol. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2020.115568_bb0570","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.00237-18","article-title":"Survival of Staphylococcus epidermidis in fibroblasts and osteoblasts","volume":"86","author":"Perez","year":"2018","journal-title":"Infect. Immun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2020.115568_bb0575","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"867","DOI":"10.1179\/1743132815Y.0000000065","article-title":"In vitro infection of human dura-mater fibroblasts with Staphylococcus aureus: colonization and reactive production of IL-1beta","volume":"37","author":"Almir\u00f3n","year":"2015","journal-title":"Neurol. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2020.115568_bb0580","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"961","DOI":"10.1086\/507633","article-title":"Staphylococcus aureus small colony variants in prosthetic joint infection","volume":"43","author":"Sendi","year":"2006","journal-title":"Clin. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2020.115568_bb0585","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"653","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1348-0421.1999.tb02453.x","article-title":"Apoptosis observed in BALB\/3T3 cells having ingested Staphylococcus aureus","volume":"43","author":"Murai","year":"1999","journal-title":"Microbiol. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2020.115568_bb0590","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.2460\/ajvr.1998.59.03.293","article-title":"Effect of synovial membrane infection in vitro on equine synoviocytes and chondrocytes","volume":"59","author":"Hardy","year":"1998","journal-title":"Am. J. Vet. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2020.115568_bb0595","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"801","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.157.2.801","article-title":"Interleukin 1 stimulation of collagenase production by cultured fibroblasts","volume":"157","author":"Postlethwaite","year":"1983","journal-title":"J. Exp. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2020.115568_bb0600","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"661","DOI":"10.1038\/337661a0","article-title":"Prolonged activation of jun and collagenase genes by tumour necrosis factor-\u03b1","volume":"337","author":"Brenner","year":"1989","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2020.115568_bb0605","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2249.2005.02840.x","article-title":"The paradox of matrix metalloproteinases in infectious disease","volume":"142","author":"Elkington","year":"2005","journal-title":"Clinical & Experimental Immunology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2020.115568_bb0610","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7183","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.72.12.7183-7189.2004","article-title":"Synovial fibroblasts infected with Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium mediate osteoclast differentiation and activation","volume":"72","author":"Zhang","year":"2004","journal-title":"Infect. Immun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2020.115568_bb0615","first-page":"426","article-title":"Tumor necrosis factor-alpha promotes the expression of osteoprotegerin in rheumatoid synovial fibroblasts","volume":"31","author":"Kubota","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Rheumatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2020.115568_bb0620","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"685","DOI":"10.1007\/s00428-009-0780-4","article-title":"The antimicrobial peptide HBD-2 and the Toll-like receptors-2 and-4 are induced in synovial membranes in case of septic arthritis","volume":"454","author":"Varoga","year":"2009","journal-title":"Virchows Arch."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2020.115568_bb0625","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1021","DOI":"10.1128\/CDLI.8.5.1021-1023.2001","article-title":"Expression of natural peptide antibiotics in human articular cartilage and synovial membrane","volume":"8","author":"Paulsen","year":"2001","journal-title":"Clin. Diagn. Lab. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2020.115568_bb0630","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.1002\/path.1224","article-title":"Antimicrobial peptides are expressed and produced in healthy and inflamed human synovial membranes","volume":"198","author":"Paulsen","year":"2002","journal-title":"The Journal of Pathology: A Journal of the Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2020.115568_bb0635","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"525","DOI":"10.1126\/science.286.5439.525","article-title":"\u03b2-defensins: linking innate and adaptive immunity through dendritic and T cell CCR6","volume":"286","author":"Yang","year":"1999","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2020.115568_bb0640","first-page":"613","article-title":"Bactericidal\/permeability increasing protein and proinflammatory cytokines in synovial fluid of psoriatic arthritis","volume":"18","author":"Punzi","year":"2000","journal-title":"Clin. Exp. Rheumatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2020.115568_bb0645","first-page":"1719","article-title":"Intraarticular release and accumulation of defensins and bactericidal\/permeability-increasing protein in patients with rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"30","author":"Bokarewa","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Rheumatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2020.115568_bb0650","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1736","DOI":"10.1002\/art.21090","article-title":"Human \u03b2-defensin 3 mediates tissue remodeling processes in articular cartilage by increasing levels of metalloproteinases and reducing levels of their endogenous inhibitors","volume":"52","author":"Varoga","year":"2005","journal-title":"Arthritis & Rheumatism"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2020.115568_bb0655","series-title":"Atlas of Synovial Fluid Cytopathology","first-page":"16","article-title":"The nature of synovial fluid","author":"Freemont","year":"1991"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2020.115568_bb0660","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"670","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-019-1471-1","article-title":"Locally renewing resident synovial macrophages provide a protective barrier for the joint","volume":"572","author":"Culemann","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2020.115568_bb0665","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1007877","article-title":"The YIN and YANG of lipoproteins in developing and preventing infectious arthritis by Staphylococcus aureus","volume":"15","author":"Mohammad","year":"2019","journal-title":"PLoS Pathog."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2020.115568_bb0670","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"388","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijmm.2017.08.002","article-title":"Impact of cell wall peptidoglycan O-acetylation on the pathogenesis of Staphylococcus aureus in septic arthritis","volume":"307","author":"Baranwal","year":"2017","journal-title":"International Journal of Medical Microbiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2020.115568_bb0675","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0131645","article-title":"IL-1 receptor antagonist treatment aggravates staphylococcal septic arthritis and sepsis in mice","volume":"10","author":"Ali","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2020.115568_bb0680","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1028","DOI":"10.1007\/s10753-017-0547-z","article-title":"Neutralization of MMP-2 and TNFR1 regulates the severity of S. aureus-induced septic arthritis by differential alteration of local and systemic proinflammatory cytokines in mice","volume":"40","author":"Sultana","year":"2017","journal-title":"Inflammation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2020.115568_bb0685","first-page":"29","article-title":"The role of bacterial DNA in septic arthritis","volume":"6","author":"Deng","year":"2000","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2020.115568_bb0690","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"607","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijmm.2017.11.009","article-title":"Inside job: Staphylococcus aureus host-pathogen interactions","volume":"308","author":"Horn","year":"2018","journal-title":"International Journal of Medical Microbiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2020.115568_bb0695","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.00883-16","article-title":"Staphylococcus aureus survives in cystic fibrosis macrophages, forming a reservoir for chronic pneumonia","volume":"85","author":"Li","year":"2017","journal-title":"Infect. Immun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2020.115568_bb0700","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2020.106406","article-title":"The effect of selenium on the autophagy of macrophage infected by Staphylococcus aureus","volume":"83","author":"Zang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. Immunopharmacol."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2020.115568_bb0705","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3460","DOI":"10.1111\/jcmm.15027","article-title":"Staphylococcus aureus facilitates its survival in bovine macrophages by blocking autophagic flux","volume":"24","author":"Cai","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Cell Mol. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2020.115568_bb0710","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0001409","article-title":"A potential new pathway for Staphylococcus aureus dissemination: the silent survival of S. aureus phagocytosed by human monocyte-derived macrophages","volume":"3","author":"Kubica","year":"2008","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2020.115568_bb0715","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0005210","article-title":"Phagocytosis of Staphylococcus aureus by macrophages exerts cytoprotective effects manifested by the upregulation of antiapoptotic factors","volume":"4","author":"Koziel","year":"2009","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2020.115568_bb0720","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"514","DOI":"10.1111\/cmi.12527","article-title":"Intracellular replication of Staphylococcus aureus in mature phagolysosomes in macrophages precedes host cell death, and bacterial escape and dissemination","volume":"18","author":"Flannagan","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cell. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2020.115568_bb0725","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4242","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.64.10.4242-4248.1996","article-title":"Apoptosis of monocytes and prolonged survival of granulocytes as a result of phagocytosis of bacteria","volume":"64","author":"Baran","year":"1996","journal-title":"Infect. Immun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2020.115568_bb0730","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1287","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.69.3.1287-1297.2001","article-title":"Fas (CD95)-Fas ligand interactions are responsible for monocyte apoptosis occurring as a result of phagocytosis and killing of Staphylococcus aureus","volume":"69","author":"Baran","year":"2001","journal-title":"Infect. Immun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2020.115568_bb0735","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.1111\/cmi.12485","article-title":"Inability to sustain intraphagolysosomal killing of Staphylococcus aureus predisposes to bacterial persistence in macrophages","volume":"18","author":"Jubrail","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cell. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2020.115568_bb0740","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2590","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.72.5.2590-2597.2004","article-title":"Caspase-8 activation precedes alterations of mitochondrial membrane potential during monocyte apoptosis induced by phagocytosis and killing of Staphylococcus aureus","volume":"72","author":"We\u0119glarczyk","year":"2004","journal-title":"Infect. Immun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2020.115568_bb0745","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"812","DOI":"10.1007\/s10753-014-9991-1","article-title":"Expression of CXCR1 (interleukin-8 receptor) in murine macrophages after Staphylococcus aureus infection and its possible implication on intracellular survival correlating with cytokines and bacterial anti-oxidant enzymes","volume":"38","author":"Bishayi","year":"2015","journal-title":"Inflammation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2020.115568_bb0750","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1772","DOI":"10.1002\/art.40161","article-title":"Conditional macrophage depletion increases inflammation and does not inhibit the development of osteoarthritis in obese macrophage Fas-induced apoptosis\u2013transgenic mice","volume":"69","author":"Wu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Arthritis & Rheumatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2020.115568_bb0755","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1007\/s11926-013-0332-4","article-title":"Clinical management of septic arthritis","volume":"15","author":"Sharff","year":"2013","journal-title":"Curr. Rheumatol. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2020.115568_bb0760","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(01)00094-9","article-title":"Systematic review and meta-analysis of antibiotic therapy for bone and joint infections","volume":"1","author":"Stengel","year":"2001","journal-title":"Lancet Infect. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2020.115568_bb0765","first-page":"694","article-title":"The use of vancomycin with its therapeutic and adverse effects: a review","volume":"19","author":"Bruniera","year":"2015","journal-title":"Eur. Rev. Med. Pharmacol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2020.115568_bb0770","first-page":"379","article-title":"Vancomycin nephrotoxicity: myths and facts","volume":"69","author":"Gupta","year":"2011","journal-title":"Neth. J. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2020.115568_bb0775","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"462","DOI":"10.1097\/INF.0b013e3181db7398","article-title":"Use of vancomycin in pediatrics","volume":"29","author":"Dehority","year":"2010","journal-title":"Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2020.115568_bb0780","series-title":"Goodman and Gilman\u2019s the Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics","first-page":"1521","article-title":"Protein synthesis inhibitors and miscellaneous antibacterial agents","author":"MacDougall","year":"2011"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2020.115568_bb0785","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2029","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.04359-14","article-title":"Antimicrobial activity against intraosteoblastic Staphylococcus aureus","volume":"59","author":"Valour","year":"2015","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2020.115568_bb0790","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"841","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.50.3.841-851.2006","article-title":"Pharmacodynamic evaluation of the intracellular activities of antibiotics against Staphylococcus aureus in a model of THP-1 macrophages","volume":"50","author":"Barcia-Macay","year":"2006","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2020.115568_bb0795","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1086","DOI":"10.1002\/jor.23723","article-title":"Targeting intracellular Staphylococcus aureus to lower recurrence of orthopaedic infection","volume":"36","author":"Dusane","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Orthop. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2020.115568_bb0800","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"429","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2018.11.023","article-title":"Treatment of chronic osteomyelitis with multidose oritavancin: a case series and literature review","volume":"53","author":"Chastain","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int. J. Antimicrob. Agents"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2020.115568_bb0805","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e90","DOI":"10.1002\/phar.1957","article-title":"Successful treatment of methicillin susceptible Staphylococcus aureus osteomyelitis with oritavancin","volume":"37","author":"Delaportas","year":"2017","journal-title":"Pharmacotherapy: The Journal of Human Pharmacology and Drug Therapy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2020.115568_bb0810","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"627","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/civ311","article-title":"Oritavancin: a long-half-life lipoglycopeptide","volume":"61","author":"Saravolatz","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clin. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2020.115568_bb0815","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"152","DOI":"10.1002\/phar.2057","article-title":"Multiple-dose oritavancin evaluation in a retrospective cohort of patients with complicated infections","volume":"38","author":"Schulz","year":"2018","journal-title":"Pharmacotherapy: The Journal of Human Pharmacology and Drug Therapy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2020.115568_bb0820","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1283","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.01650-12","article-title":"Cationic antimicrobial peptide LL-37 is effective against both extra-and intracellular Staphylococcus aureus","volume":"57","author":"Noore","year":"2013","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2020.115568_bb0825","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3353","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkx314","article-title":"Intraosteoblastic activity of daptomycin in combination with oxacillin and ceftaroline against MSSA and MRSA","volume":"72","author":"Dupieux","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Antimicrob. Chemother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2020.115568_bb0830","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"417","DOI":"10.1038\/207417a0","article-title":"Effect of rifamycin on protein synthesis","volume":"207","author":"Calvori","year":"1965","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2020.115568_bb0835","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"356","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2019.06.018","article-title":"Intraosteoblastic activity of levofloxacin and rifampin alone and in combination against clinical isolates of meticillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus causing prosthetic joint infection","volume":"54","author":"Mel\u00e9ndez-Carmona","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int. J. Antimicrob. Agents"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2020.115568_bb0840","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"438","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkv371","article-title":"Staphylococcus aureus develops increased resistance to antibiotics by forming dynamic small colony variants during chronic osteomyelitis","volume":"71","author":"Tuchscherr","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Antimicrob. Chemother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2020.115568_bb0845","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14299","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.7b15678","article-title":"Bacteria-targeting nanoparticles with microenvironment-responsive antibiotic release to eliminate intracellular Staphylococcus aureus and associated infection","volume":"10","author":"Yang","year":"2018","journal-title":"ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2020.115568_bb0850","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"382","DOI":"10.1038\/ncprheum0531","article-title":"Mechanisms of disease: a \u2018DAMP\u2019 view of inflammatory arthritis","volume":"3","author":"Foell","year":"2007","journal-title":"Nat. Clin. Pract. Rheumatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2020.115568_bb0855","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"164","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780380204","article-title":"Role of interleukin-1, tumor necrosis factor \u03b1, and interleukin-6 in cartilage proteoglycan metabolism and destruction effect of in situ blocking in murine antigen-and zymosan-induced arthritis","volume":"38","author":"Loo","year":"1995","journal-title":"Arthritis & Rheumatism: Official Journal of the American College of Rheumatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2020.115568_bb0860","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6145","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.171.11.6145","article-title":"Toll-like receptor 2 pathway drives streptococcal cell wall-induced joint inflammation: critical role of myeloid differentiation factor 88","volume":"171","author":"Joosten","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2020.115568_bb0865","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5049","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.163.9.5049","article-title":"IL-1\u03b1\u03b2 blockade prevents cartilage and bone destruction in murine type II collagen-induced arthritis, whereas TNF-\u03b1 blockade only ameliorates joint inflammation","volume":"163","author":"Joosten","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2020.115568_bb0870","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/s13075-018-1664-2","article-title":"NLRP3 inflammasome inhibitor OLT1177 suppresses joint inflammation in murine models of acute arthritis","volume":"20","author":"Marchetti","year":"2018","journal-title":"Arthritis research & therapy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2020.115568_bb0875","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2747","DOI":"10.1002\/art.24781","article-title":"Inhibition of interleukin-6 receptor directly blocks osteoclast formation in vitro and in vivo","volume":"60","author":"Axmann","year":"2009","journal-title":"Arthritis & rheumatism"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2020.115568_bb0880","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"262","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yexmp.2008.03.003","article-title":"Early effects of tocilizumab on bone and bone marrow lesions in a collagen-induced arthritis monkey model","volume":"84","author":"Kato","year":"2008","journal-title":"Exp. Mol. Pathol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2020.115568_bb0885","series-title":"Seminars in Arthritis and Rheumatism","first-page":"131","article-title":"IL-6 receptor inhibition positively modulates bone balance in rheumatoid arthritis patients with an inadequate response to anti-tumor necrosis factor therapy: biochemical marker analysis of bone metabolism in the tocilizumab RADIATE study (NCT00106522)","author":"Karsdal","year":"2012"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2020.115568_bb0890","first-page":"1851","article-title":"IL-6 inhibitors prevent bone loss and cartilage degeneration in rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"25","author":"Murakami","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clinical calcium"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2020.115568_bb0895","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1007","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.61.11.1007","article-title":"Assessing periarticular bone mineral density in patients with early psoriatic arthritis or rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"61","author":"Harrison","year":"2002","journal-title":"Ann. Rheum. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2020.115568_bb0900","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"406","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-146-6-200703200-00005","article-title":"Comparison of treatment strategies in early rheumatoid arthritis: a randomized trial","volume":"146","author":"Goekoop-Ruiterman","year":"2007","journal-title":"Ann. Intern. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2020.115568_bb0905","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1171","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2008.091264","article-title":"Adalimumab therapy reduces hand bone loss in early rheumatoid arthritis: explorative analyses from the PREMIER study","volume":"68","author":"Hoff","year":"2009","journal-title":"Ann. Rheum. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2020.115568_bb0910","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"392","DOI":"10.1053\/joca.1998.0221","article-title":"Regulation of tumor necrosis factor-\u03b1 and tumor necrosis factor converting enzyme in human osteoarthritis","volume":"7","author":"Amin","year":"1999","journal-title":"Osteoarthr. Cartil."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2020.115568_bb0915","first-page":"349","article-title":"The role of cytokines in arthritic diseases: in vitro and in vivo measurements of cartilage degradation","volume":"9","author":"Dingle","year":"1987","journal-title":"Int. J. Tissue React."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2020.115568_bb0920","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"443","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2008.105775","article-title":"Anti-inflammatory and cartilage-protecting effects of an intra-articularly injected anti-TNF\u03b1 single-chain Fv antibody (ESBA105) designed for local therapeutic use","volume":"69","author":"Urech","year":"2010","journal-title":"Ann. Rheum. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2020.115568_bb0925","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2412","DOI":"10.1101\/gad.13.18.2412","article-title":"RANK is essential for osteoclast and lymph node development","volume":"13","author":"Dougall","year":"1999","journal-title":"Genes Dev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2020.115568_bb0930","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1566","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.97.4.1566","article-title":"RANK is the intrinsic hematopoietic cell surface receptor that controls osteoclastogenesis and regulation of bone mass and calcium metabolism","volume":"97","author":"Li","year":"2000","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2020.115568_bb0935","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1285","DOI":"10.1038\/nm1197-1285","article-title":"Osteopetrosis in mice lacking NF-\u03baB1 and NF-\u03baB2","volume":"3","author":"Iotsova","year":"1997","journal-title":"Nat. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2020.115568_bb0940","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3482","DOI":"10.1101\/gad.11.24.3482","article-title":"Requirement for NF-\u03baB in osteoclast and B-cell development","volume":"11","author":"Franzoso","year":"1997","journal-title":"Genes Dev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2020.115568_bb0945","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"617","DOI":"10.1038\/nm1054","article-title":"Selective inhibition of NF-\u03baB blocks osteoclastogenesis and prevents inflammatory bone destruction in vivo","volume":"10","author":"Jimi","year":"2004","journal-title":"Nat. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2020.115568_bb0950","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1358\/dot.2008.44.1.1178467","article-title":"Denosumab: RANKL inhibition in the management of bone loss","volume":"44","author":"Hamdy","year":"2008","journal-title":"Drugs Today (Barc)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2020.115568_bb0955","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"192","DOI":"10.1359\/jbmr.2002.17.2.192","article-title":"In vivo RANK signaling blockade using the receptor activator of NF-\u03baB: Fc effectively prevents and ameliorates wear debris-induced osteolysis via osteoclast depletion without inhibiting osteogenesis","volume":"17","author":"Childs","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Bone Miner. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2020.115568_bb0960","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.1359\/jbmr.090716","article-title":"Effects of denosumab on bone mineral density and bone turnover in postmenopausal women transitioning from alendronate therapy","volume":"25","author":"Kendler","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Bone Miner. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2020.115568_bb0965","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1059","DOI":"10.1359\/JBMR.040305","article-title":"A single-dose placebo-controlled study of AMG 162, a fully human monoclonal antibody to RANKL, in postmenopausal women","volume":"19","author":"Bekker","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Bone Miner. Res."}],"container-title":["Bone"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S8756328220303483?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S8756328220303483?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,11]],"date-time":"2025-09-11T17:53:13Z","timestamp":1757613193000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S8756328220303483"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]},"references-count":193,"alternative-id":["S8756328220303483"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bone.2020.115568","relation":{},"ISSN":["8756-3282"],"issn-type":[{"value":"8756-3282","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Intracellular Staphylococcus aureus in bone and joint infections: A mechanism of disease recurrence, inflammation, and bone and cartilage destruction","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Bone","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bone.2020.115568","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2020 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"115568"}}