{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,18]],"date-time":"2026-07-18T01:56:56Z","timestamp":1784339816227,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":108,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,1]],"date-time":"2023-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1685577600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,1]],"date-time":"2023-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1685577600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,27]],"date-time":"2024-03-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1711497600000},"content-version":"am","delay-in-days":300,"URL":"http:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/open-access\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,1]],"date-time":"2023-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1685577600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,1]],"date-time":"2023-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1685577600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,1]],"date-time":"2023-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1685577600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,1]],"date-time":"2023-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1685577600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,1]],"date-time":"2023-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1685577600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000069","name":"NIAMS","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["F31 AR079925"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["F31 AR079925"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000069","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000069","name":"NIAMS","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01 AR50068"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 AR50068"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000069","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000069","name":"NIAMS","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01 AR068382"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 AR068382"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000069","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000069","name":"NIAMS","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01 AR076392"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 AR076392"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000069","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000070","name":"NIBIB","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000070","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100003187","name":"NSF","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100003187","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000001","name":"National Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2026906"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2026906"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000001","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000050","name":"NHLBI","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01 HL137984"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 HL137984"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000050","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["T32 EB020087"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["T32 EB020087"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Bone"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,6]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.bone.2023.116743","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,21]],"date-time":"2023-03-21T15:41:23Z","timestamp":1679413283000},"page":"116743","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Automated, calibration-free quantification of cortical bone porosity and geometry in postmenopausal osteoporosis from ultrashort echo time MRI and deep learning"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"171","author":[{"given":"Brandon C.","family":"Jones","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Felix W.","family":"Wehrli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nada","family":"Kamona","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rajiv S.","family":"Deshpande","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brian-Tinh Duc","family":"Vu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hee Kwon","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hyunyeol","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rasleen Kaur","family":"Grewal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Trevor Jackson","family":"Chan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Walter R.","family":"Witschey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthew T.","family":"MacLean","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicholas J.","family":"Josselyn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Srikant Kamesh","family":"Iyer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mona","family":"al Mukaddam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter J.","family":"Snyder","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chamith S.","family":"Rajapakse","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2023.116743_bb0005","first-page":"1","article-title":"Osteoporosis or low bone mass in older adults: United States, 2017\u20132018","volume":"405","author":"Sarafrazi","year":"2021","journal-title":"NCHS Data Brief"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2023.116743_bb0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/jbm4.10192","article-title":"Healthcare policy changes in osteoporosis can improve outcomes and reduce costs in the United States","volume":"3","author":"Lewiecki","year":"2019","journal-title":"JBMR Plus"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2023.116743_bb0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"136","DOI":"10.1007\/s11657-013-0136-1","article-title":"Osteoporosis in the European Union: medical management, epidemiology and economic burden. A report prepared in collaboration with the International Osteoporosis Foundation (IOF) and the European Federation of Pharmaceutical Industry Associations (EFPIA)","volume":"8","author":"Hernlund","year":"2013","journal-title":"Arch Osteoporos"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2023.116743_bb0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1016\/S8756-3282(01)00653-6","article-title":"Ten-year risk of osteoporotic fracture and the effect of risk factors on screening strategies","volume":"30","author":"Kanis","year":"2002","journal-title":"Bone"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2023.116743_bb0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1108","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.164.10.1108","article-title":"Bone mineral density thresholds for pharmacological intervention to prevent fractures","volume":"164","author":"Siris","year":"2004","journal-title":"Arch. Intern. Med."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2023.116743_bb0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1215","DOI":"10.1359\/JBMR.040508","article-title":"Predictive value of low BMD for 1-year fracture outcomes is similar for postmenopausal women ages 50\u201364 and 65 and older: results from the National Osteoporosis Risk Assessment (NORA)","volume":"19","author":"Siris","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Bone Miner. Res."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2023.116743_bb0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1947","DOI":"10.1359\/jbmr.2003.18.11.1947","article-title":"BMD at multiple sites and risk of fracture of multiple types: long-term results from the study of osteoporotic fractures","volume":"18","author":"Stone","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Bone Miner. Res."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2023.116743_bb0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1007\/s40279-013-0100-7","article-title":"Bone quality: the determinants of bone strength and fragility","volume":"44","author":"Fonseca","year":"2014","journal-title":"Sports Med."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2023.116743_bb0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"310","DOI":"10.1038\/ncprheum0798","article-title":"Technology insight: noninvasive assessment of bone strength in osteoporosis","volume":"4","author":"Bouxsein","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nat. Clin. Pract. Rheumatol."},{"issue":"21","key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2023.116743_bb0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2250","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra053077","article-title":"Bone quality\u2013the material and structural basis of bone strength and fragility","volume":"354","author":"Seeman","year":"2006","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"issue":"28","key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2023.116743_bb0055","first-page":"736","article-title":"Differing effects of PTH 1\u201334, PTH 1\u201384 and zoledronic acid on bone microarchitecture and estimated strength in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis. An 18 month open-labeled observational study using HR-pQCT","volume":"4","author":"Hansen","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Bone Miner. Res."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2023.116743_bb0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-018-4704-5","article-title":"European guidance for the diagnosis and management of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women","volume":"30","author":"Kanis","year":"2019","journal-title":"Osteoporos. Int."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2023.116743_bb0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2001","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.3198","article-title":"Effects of denosumab and teriparatide transitions on bone microarchitecture and estimated strength: the DATA-switch HR-pQCT study","volume":"32","author":"Tsai","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Bone Miner. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2023.116743_bb0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bone.2020.115770","article-title":"Effects of monthly intravenous ibandronate on bone mineral density and microstructure in patients with primary osteoporosis after teriparatide treatment: the MONUMENT study","volume":"144","author":"Chiba","year":"2021","journal-title":"Bone"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2023.116743_bb0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1367","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-018-4445-5","article-title":"Teriparatide treatment exerts differential effects on the central and peripheral skeleton: results from the MOAT study","volume":"29","author":"Paggiosi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Osteoporos. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2023.116743_bb0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"836","DOI":"10.1038\/bonekey.2016.59","article-title":"Osteoporosis drug effects on cortical and trabecular bone microstructure: a review of HR-pQCT analyses","volume":"5","author":"Lespessailles","year":"2016","journal-title":"Bonekey Rep."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2023.116743_bb0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"258","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI113056","article-title":"Regional and total skeletal measurements in the early postmenopause","volume":"80","author":"Stevenson","year":"1987","journal-title":"J. Clin. Invest."},{"issue":"9727","key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2023.116743_bb0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1729","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(10)60320-0","article-title":"Intracortical remodelling and porosity in the distal radius and post-mortem femurs of women: a cross-sectional study","volume":"375","author":"Zebaze","year":"2010","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2023.116743_bb0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"989","DOI":"10.1007\/s001980170006","article-title":"Ten year probabilities of osteoporotic fractures according to BMD and diagnostic thresholds","volume":"12","author":"Kanis","year":"2001","journal-title":"Osteoporos. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2023.116743_bb0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"328","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI110039","article-title":"Differential changes in bone mineral density of the appendicular and axial skeleton with aging: relationship to spinal osteoporosis","volume":"67","author":"Riggs","year":"1981","journal-title":"J. Clin. Investig."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2023.116743_bb0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"526","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.15141850","article-title":"Volumetric cortical bone porosity assessment with MR imaging: validation and clinical feasibility","volume":"276","author":"Rajapakse","year":"2015","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2023.116743_bb0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1218","DOI":"10.1093\/gerona\/glt071","article-title":"Age- and menopause-related bone loss compromise cortical and trabecular microstructure","volume":"68","author":"Seeman","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Gerontol. A Biol. Sci. Med. Sci."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2023.116743_bb0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(18)30308-5","article-title":"Cortical and trabecular bone microarchitecture as an independent predictor of incident fracture risk in older women and men in the bone microarchitecture international consortium (BoMIC): a prospective study","volume":"7","author":"Samelson","year":"2019","journal-title":"Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2023.116743_bb0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0185363","article-title":"Increased cortical porosity and reduced cortical thickness of the proximal femur are associated with nonvertebral fracture independent of fracture risk assessment tool and Garvan estimates in postmenopausal women","volume":"12","author":"Kral","year":"2017","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2023.116743_bb0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1786","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.2194","article-title":"Effects of odanacatib on the radius and tibia of postmenopausal women: improvements in bone geometry, microarchitecture, and estimated bone strength","volume":"29","author":"Cheung","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Bone Miner. Res."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2023.116743_bb0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.2315","article-title":"Comparative effects of teriparatide, denosumab, and combination therapy on peripheral compartmental bone density, microarchitecture, and estimated strength: the DATA-HRpQCT study","volume":"30","author":"Tsai","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Bone Miner. Res."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2023.116743_bb0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1886","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.81","article-title":"Microarchitectural deterioration of cortical and trabecular bone: differing effects of denosumab and alendronate","volume":"25","author":"Seeman","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Bone Miner. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2023.116743_bb0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bone.2013.11.016","article-title":"Differing effects of denosumab and alendronate on cortical and trabecular bone","volume":"59","author":"Zebaze","year":"2014","journal-title":"Bone"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2023.116743_bb0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1359\/jbmr.090711","article-title":"Risedronate reduces intracortical porosity in women with osteoporosis","volume":"25","author":"Borah","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Bone Miner. Res."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2023.116743_bb0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1016\/S8756-3282(01)00485-9","article-title":"Alendronate increases degree and uniformity of mineralization in cancellous bone and decreases the porosity in cortical bone of osteoporotic women","volume":"29","author":"Roschger","year":"2001","journal-title":"Bone"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2023.116743_bb0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bone.2015.06.006","article-title":"Human trabecular bone microarchitecture can be assessed independently of density with second generation HR-pQCT","volume":"79","author":"Manske","year":"2015","journal-title":"Bone"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2023.116743_bb0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"882","DOI":"10.1359\/jbmr.091020","article-title":"Postmenopausal women with osteopenia have higher cortical porosity and thinner cortices at the distal radius and tibia than women with normal aBMD: an in vivo HR-pQCT study","volume":"25","author":"Nishiyama","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Bone Miner. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2023.116743_bb0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bone.2015.10.012","article-title":"Age-related changes in bone strength from HR-pQCT derived microarchitectural parameters with an emphasis on the role of cortical porosity","volume":"83","author":"Vilayphiou","year":"2016","journal-title":"Bone"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2023.116743_bb0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"598","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.3333","article-title":"Menopause-related appendicular bone loss is mainly cortical and results in increased cortical porosity","volume":"33","author":"Bj\u00f8rnerem","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Bone Miner. Res."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2023.116743_bb0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2017","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.1934","article-title":"Fracture risk and height: an association partly accounted for by cortical porosity of relatively thinner cortices","volume":"28","author":"Bj\u00f8rnerem","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Bone Miner. Res."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2023.116743_bb0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1356","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.2167","article-title":"Cortical porosity identifies women with osteopenia at increased risk for forearm fractures","volume":"29","author":"Bala","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Bone Miner. Res."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2023.116743_bb0185","first-page":"516","article-title":"Cortical bone area predicts incident fractures independently of areal bone mineral density in older men","volume":"102","author":"Ohlsson","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2023.116743_bb0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"328","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.3299","article-title":"Evaluation of radius microstructure and areal bone mineral density improves fracture prediction in postmenopausal women","volume":"33","author":"Biver","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Bone Miner. Res."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2023.116743_bb0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5045","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2010-0226","article-title":"High-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomographic imaging of cortical and trabecular bone microarchitecture in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus","volume":"95","author":"Burghardt","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2023.116743_bb0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.1763","article-title":"Increased cortical porosity in type 2 diabetic postmenopausal women with fragility fractures","volume":"28","author":"Patsch","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Bone Miner. Res."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2023.116743_bb0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.3240","article-title":"Diabetes and deficits in cortical bone density, microarchitecture, and bone size: Framingham HR-pQCT study","volume":"33","author":"Samelson","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Bone Miner. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2023.116743_bb0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bone.2015.06.016","article-title":"Bone turnover markers are associated with higher cortical porosity, thinner cortices, and larger size of the proximal femur and non-vertebral fractures","volume":"81","author":"Shigdel","year":"2015","journal-title":"Bone"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2023.116743_bb0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"246","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bone.2019.03.007","article-title":"Suboptimal bone microarchitecure in adolescent girls with obesity compared to normal-weight controls and girls with anorexia nervosa","volume":"122","author":"Singhal","year":"2019","journal-title":"Bone"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2023.116743_bb0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"132","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bone.2014.02.014","article-title":"The influence of disuse on bone microstructure and mechanics assessed by HR-pQCT","volume":"63","author":"Kazakia","year":"2014","journal-title":"Bone"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2023.116743_bb0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"312","DOI":"10.1016\/S0736-0266(02)00157-2","article-title":"Determination of cortical bone porosity and pore size distribution using a low field pulsed NMR approach","volume":"21","author":"Wang","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Orthop. Res."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2023.116743_bb0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9290(98)00161-4","article-title":"Bone poroelasticity","volume":"32","author":"Cowin","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. Biomech."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2023.116743_bb0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1007\/s11926-020-00892-w","article-title":"Update on imaging-based measurement of bone mineral density and quality","volume":"22","author":"Link","year":"2020","journal-title":"Curr. Rheumatol. Rep."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2023.116743_bb0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0016359","article-title":"Non-invasive predictors of human cortical bone mechanical properties: T(2)-discriminated H NMR compared with high resolution X-ray","volume":"6","author":"Horch","year":"2011","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2023.116743_bb0245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"680","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.22459","article-title":"Characterization of 1H NMR signal in human cortical bone for magnetic resonance imaging","volume":"64","author":"Horch","year":"2010","journal-title":"Magn. Reson. Med."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2023.116743_bb0250","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"861","DOI":"10.1002\/nbm.3305","article-title":"Bi-component T2 * analysis of bound and pore bone water fractions fails at high field strengths","volume":"28","author":"Seifert","year":"2015","journal-title":"NMR Biomed."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2023.116743_bb0255","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bone.2007.09.049","article-title":"Measurements of mobile and bound water by nuclear magnetic resonance correlate with mechanical properties of bone","volume":"42","author":"Nyman","year":"2008","journal-title":"Bone"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2023.116743_bb0260","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"848","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.1535","article-title":"Quantitative ultrashort echo time (UTE) MRI of human cortical bone: correlation with porosity and biomechanical properties","volume":"27","author":"Bae","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Bone Miner. Res."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2023.116743_bb0265","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1754","DOI":"10.1002\/nbm.3436","article-title":"Evaluation of bound and pore water in cortical bone using ultrashort-TE MRI","volume":"28","author":"Chen","year":"2015","journal-title":"NMR Biomed."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2023.116743_bb0270","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bone.2016.03.007","article-title":"MRI-derived bound and pore water concentrations as predictors of fracture resistance","volume":"87","author":"Manhard","year":"2016","journal-title":"Bone"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2023.116743_bb0275","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"348","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.27718","article-title":"Three-dimensional ultrashort echo time imaging with tricomponent analysis for human cortical bone","volume":"82","author":"Lu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Magn. Reson. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2023.116743_bb0280","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bone.2019.05.038","article-title":"Volumetric mapping of bound and pore water as well as collagen protons in cortical bone using 3D ultrashort echo time cones MR imaging techniques","volume":"127","author":"Jerban","year":"2019","journal-title":"Bone"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2023.116743_bb0285","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2573","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.1709","article-title":"Deuterium nuclear magnetic resonance unambiguously quantifies pore and collagen-bound water in cortical bone","volume":"27","author":"Ong","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Bone Miner. Res."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2023.116743_bb0290","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"796","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.14132585","article-title":"Cortical bone water concentration: dependence of MR imaging measures on age and pore volume fraction","volume":"272","author":"Li","year":"2014","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2023.116743_bb0295","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"749","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bone.2011.11.029","article-title":"Ultrashort echo time (UTE) imaging with bi-component analysis: bound and free water evaluation of bovine cortical bone subject to sequential drying","volume":"50","author":"Biswas","year":"2012","journal-title":"Bone"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2023.116743_bb0300","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1774","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.24186","article-title":"Clinically compatible MRI strategies for discriminating bound and pore water in cortical bone","volume":"68","author":"Horch","year":"2012","journal-title":"Magn. Reson. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2023.116743_bb0305","article-title":"MRI-derived bone porosity index correlates to bone composition and mechanical stiffness","volume":"11","author":"Hong","year":"2019","journal-title":"Bone Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2023.116743_bb0310","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bone.2020.115774","article-title":"MRI-derived porosity index is associated with whole-bone stiffness and mineral density in human cadaveric femora","volume":"143","author":"Jones","year":"2021","journal-title":"Bone"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2023.116743_bb0315","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bone.2019.03.013","article-title":"Ultrashort echo time magnetic resonance imaging (UTE-MRI) of cortical bone correlates well with histomorphometric assessment of bone microstructure","volume":"123","author":"Jerban","year":"2019","journal-title":"Bone"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2023.116743_bb0320","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2229","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.2580","article-title":"A surrogate measure of cortical bone matrix density by long T2 -suppressed MRI","volume":"30","author":"Seifert","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Bone Miner. Res."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2023.116743_bb0325","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1290","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.2452","article-title":"Identifying novel clinical surrogates to assess human bone fracture toughness","volume":"30","author":"Granke","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Bone Miner. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2023.116743_bb0330","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"116","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bone.2017.06.015","article-title":"Non-destructive NIR spectral imaging assessment of bone water: comparison to MRI measurements","volume":"103","author":"Rajapakse","year":"2017","journal-title":"Bone"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2023.116743_bb0335","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0173995","article-title":"Feasibility of assessing bone matrix and mineral properties in vivo by combined solid-state 1H and 31P MRI","volume":"12","author":"Zhao","year":"2017","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2023.116743_bb0340","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2015140336","article-title":"In vivo quantitative MR imaging of bound and pore water in cortical bone","volume":"277","author":"Manhard","year":"2015","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2023.116743_bb0345","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"645","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.23047","article-title":"Ultrashort echo time imaging with bicomponent analysis","volume":"67","author":"Du","year":"2012","journal-title":"Magn. Reson. Med."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2023.116743_bb0350","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"423","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1099-1492(199712)10:8<423::AID-NBM488>3.0.CO;2-X","article-title":"Adiabatic pulses","volume":"10","author":"Tann\u00fas","year":"1997","journal-title":"NMR Biomed."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2023.116743_bb0355","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"470","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mri.2010.11.003","article-title":"Short T2 contrast with three-dimensional ultrashort echo time imaging","volume":"29","author":"Du","year":"2011","journal-title":"Magn. Reson. Imaging"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2023.116743_bb0360","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"989","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.26178","article-title":"Selective in vivo bone imaging with long-T2 suppressed PETRA MRI","volume":"77","author":"Li","year":"2016","journal-title":"Magn. Reson. Med."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2023.116743_bb0365","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"680","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.23267","article-title":"Comparison of optimized soft-tissue suppression schemes for ultrashort echo time MRI","volume":"68","author":"Li","year":"2011","journal-title":"Magn. Reson. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2023.116743_bb0370","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"116676","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bone.2023.116676","article-title":"Ultrashort echo time (UTE) MRI porosity index (PI) and suppression ratio (SR) correlate with the cortical bone microstructural and mechanical properties: ex vivo study","author":"Jerban","year":"2023","journal-title":"Bone"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2023.116743_bb0375","series-title":"Annual Reports on NMR Spectroscopy","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1016\/S0066-4103(00)41011-2","article-title":"Characterization of porous media using NMR methods","author":"Barrie","year":"2000"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2023.116743_bb0380","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1007\/s11914-016-0307-2","article-title":"Solid-state quantitative (1)H and (31)P MRI of cortical bone in humans","volume":"14","author":"Seifert","year":"2016","journal-title":"Curr. Osteoporos. Rep."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2023.116743_bb0385","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"824","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2482071995","article-title":"Cortical bone water: in vivo quantification with ultrashort echo-time MR imaging","volume":"248","author":"Techawiboonwong","year":"2008","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2023.116743_bb0390","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"855","DOI":"10.1002\/nbm.1631","article-title":"Quantifying cortical bone water in vivo by three-dimensional ultra-short echo-time MRI","volume":"24","author":"Rad","year":"2011","journal-title":"NMR Biomed."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2023.116743_bb0395","article-title":"T1 relaxation of bound and pore water in cortical bone","author":"Ketsiri","year":"2022","journal-title":"NMR Biomed."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2023.116743_bb0400","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"221810","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.221810","article-title":"MRI quantification of cortical bone porosity, mineralization, and morphologic structure in postmenopausal osteoporosis","author":"Jones","year":"2023","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2023.116743_bb0405","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"739","DOI":"10.1002\/nbm.3107","article-title":"Bone mineral 31P and matrix-bound water densities measured by solid-state 31P and 1H MRI","volume":"27","author":"Seifert","year":"2014","journal-title":"NMR Biomed."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2023.116743_bb0410","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"676","DOI":"10.1038\/nmeth.2019","article-title":"Fiji: an open-source platform for biological-image analysis","volume":"9","author":"Schindelin","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nat. Methods"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2023.116743_bb0415","series-title":"Medical Image Computing and Computer-Assisted Intervention \u2013 MICCAI 2015","article-title":"U-Net: convolutional networks for biomedical image segmentation","author":"Ronneberger","year":"2015"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2023.116743_bb0420","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1373","DOI":"10.1002\/nbm.3579","article-title":"Fast volumetric imaging of bound and pore water in cortical bone using three-dimensional ultrashort-TE (UTE) and inversion recovery UTE sequences","volume":"29","author":"Chen","year":"2016","journal-title":"NMR Biomed."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2023.116743_bb0425","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"767","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.29484","article-title":"Fast bound and pore water mapping of cortical bone with arbitrary slice oriented two-dimensional ultra-short echo time","volume":"89","author":"Harkins","year":"2023","journal-title":"Magn. Reson. Med."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2023.116743_bb0430","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"945","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.26605","article-title":"30-second bound and pore water concentration mapping of cortical bone using 2D UTE with optimized half-pulses","volume":"77","author":"Manhard","year":"2017","journal-title":"Magn. Reson. Med."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2023.116743_bb0435","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"862","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2016160780","article-title":"Quantification of human cortical bone bound and free water in vivo with ultrashort Echo time MR imaging: a model-based approach","volume":"283","author":"Abbasi-Rad","year":"2017","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2023.116743_bb0440","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2021.775066","article-title":"CKD stages, bone metabolism markers, and cortical porosity index: associations and mediation effects analysis","volume":"12","author":"Xiong","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. Endocrinol."},{"issue":"19","key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2023.116743_bb0445","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7459","DOI":"10.3390\/s22197459","article-title":"Accelerated quantitative 3D UTE-cones imaging using compressed sensing","volume":"22","author":"Athertya","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sensors"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2023.116743_bb0450","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1068","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.29516","article-title":"On the water\u2013fat in-phase assumption for quantitative susceptibility mapping","volume":"89","author":"Boehm","year":"2023","journal-title":"Magn. Reson. Med."},{"issue":"14","key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2023.116743_bb0455","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1573","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2009.1462","article-title":"Incidence and mortality of hip fractures in the United States","volume":"302","author":"Brauer","year":"2009","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2023.116743_bb0460","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1644","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1532-5415.2002.50455.x","article-title":"Mortality, disability, and nursing home use for persons with and without hip fracture: a population-based study","volume":"50","author":"Leibson","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Am. Geriatr. Soc."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2023.116743_bb0465","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1023","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwg081","article-title":"Changes in functional status attributable to hip fracture: a comparison of hip fracture patients to community-dwelling aged","volume":"157","author":"Magaziner","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am. J. Epidemiol."},{"issue":"6914","key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2023.116743_bb0470","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1248","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.307.6914.1248","article-title":"Mortality and morbidity after hip fractures","volume":"307","author":"Keene","year":"1993","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2023.116743_bb0475","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"445","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-008-0675-2","article-title":"Cortical and trabecular bone in the femoral neck both contribute to proximal femur failure load prediction","volume":"20","author":"Manske","year":"2009","journal-title":"Osteoporos. Int."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2023.116743_bb0480","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1640","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.28027","article-title":"Trabecular bone imaging using a 3D adiabatic inversion recovery prepared ultrashort TE cones sequence at 3T","volume":"83","author":"Ma","year":"2020","journal-title":"Magn. Reson. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2023.116743_bb0485","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mri.2017.07.012","article-title":"Three-dimensional adiabatic inversion recovery prepared ultrashort echo time cones (3D IR-UTE-Cones) imaging of cortical bone in the hip","volume":"44","author":"Nazaran","year":"2017","journal-title":"Magn. Reson. Imaging"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2023.116743_bb0490","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"608","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2017170138","article-title":"3-T MR imaging of proximal femur microarchitecture in subjects with and without fragility fracture and nonosteoporotic proximal femur bone mineral density","volume":"287","author":"Chang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2023.116743_bb0495","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"854","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2016160874","article-title":"Patient-specific hip fracture strength assessment with microstructural MR imaging-based finite element modeling","volume":"283","author":"Rajapakse","year":"2017","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2023.116743_bb0500","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1300","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.24673","article-title":"Variable flip angle three-dimensional fast spin-echo sequence combined with outer volume suppression for imaging trabecular bone structure of the proximal femur","volume":"41","author":"Han","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Magn. Reson. Imaging"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2023.116743_bb0505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1307","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-005-1907-3","article-title":"Feasibility of in vivo structural analysis of high-resolution magnetic resonance images of the proximal femur","volume":"16","author":"Krug","year":"2005","journal-title":"Osteoporos. Int."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2023.116743_bb0510","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1597","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.28032","article-title":"Ultrashort Echo time magnetic resonance imaging techniques: met and unmet needs in musculoskeletal imaging","volume":"55","author":"Afsahi","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Magn. Reson. Imaging"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2023.116743_bb0515","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.27260","article-title":"MRI-based quantitative osteoporosis imaging at the spine and femur","volume":"54","author":"Sollmann","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Magn. Reson. Imaging"},{"issue":"45","key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2023.116743_bb0520","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11591","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1806905115","article-title":"Deep neural network improves fracture detection by clinicians","volume":"115","author":"Lindsey","year":"2018","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2023.116743_bb0525","article-title":"Automatic deep learning\u2013assisted detection and grading of abnormalities in knee MRI studies","volume":"3","author":"Astuto","year":"2021","journal-title":"Radiology: Artificial Intelligence"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2023.116743_bb0530","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1417","DOI":"10.1007\/s11517-022-02529-9","article-title":"A deep learning-based approach to automatic proximal femur segmentation in quantitative CT images","volume":"60","author":"Deng","year":"2022","journal-title":"Med. Biol. Eng. Comput."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2023.116743_bb0535","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"222","DOI":"10.1186\/s13075-017-1430-x","article-title":"Assessment of 3-month changes in bone microstructure under anti-TNF\u03b1 therapy in patients with rheumatoid arthritis using high-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography (HR-pQCT)","volume":"19","author":"Shimizu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Arthritis Res. Ther."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2023.116743_bb0540","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"362","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2019190911","article-title":"Whole-brain myelin imaging using 3D double-Echo sliding inversion recovery ultrashort Echo time (DESIRE UTE) MRI","volume":"294","author":"Ma","year":"2019","journal-title":"Radiology"}],"container-title":["Bone"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S8756328223000765?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S8756328223000765?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,11]],"date-time":"2025-09-11T18:04:03Z","timestamp":1757613843000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S8756328223000765"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,6]]},"references-count":108,"alternative-id":["S8756328223000765"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bone.2023.116743","relation":{},"ISSN":["8756-3282"],"issn-type":[{"value":"8756-3282","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Automated, calibration-free quantification of cortical bone porosity and geometry in postmenopausal osteoporosis from ultrashort echo time MRI and deep learning","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Bone","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bone.2023.116743","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2023 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"116743"}}