{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,22]],"date-time":"2026-04-22T19:54:15Z","timestamp":1776887655273,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780272000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780272000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,10]],"date-time":"2026-03-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1773100800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Bone"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.bone.2026.117851","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,11]],"date-time":"2026-03-11T00:38:17Z","timestamp":1773189497000},"page":"117851","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Association between glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists and femur fracture risk in type 2 diabetes: A large-scale target trial emulation"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"207","author":[{"given":"Yao-Jen","family":"Chang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chiou-Shann","family":"Fuh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jie-Fan","family":"Chang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Meng-Ting","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ming-Hsien","family":"Tsai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2026.117851_bb0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e580","DOI":"10.1016\/S2666-7568(21)00172-0","article-title":"Global, regional, and national burden of bone fractures in 204 countries and territories, 1990&#x2013;2019: a systematic analysis from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019","volume":"2","author":"Wu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Lancet Healthy Longev."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2026.117851_bb0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.1007\/s00774-018-0916-1","article-title":"Disease burden of fractures among patients with osteoporosis in Japan: health-related quality of life, work productivity and activity impairment, healthcare resource utilization, and economic costs","volume":"37","author":"Fujiwara","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Bone Miner. Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2026.117851_bb0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"455","DOI":"10.2147\/TCRM.S131945","article-title":"Fracture risk in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and possible risk factors: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"13","author":"Moayeri","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ther. Clin. Risk Manag."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2026.117851_bb0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"292","DOI":"10.2337\/dc24-1678","article-title":"Efficacy of GLP-1 receptor agonists on weight loss, BMI, and waist circumference for patients with obesity or overweight: a systematic review, meta-analysis, and meta-regression of 47 randomized controlled trials","volume":"48","author":"Wong","year":"2025","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2026.117851_bb0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.1186\/s12933-024-02154-w","article-title":"The effectiveness of sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors on cardiorenal outcomes: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"23","author":"Ali","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cardiovasc. Diabetol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2026.117851_bb0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R29","DOI":"10.1530\/JOE-17-0278","article-title":"Novel skeletal effects of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists","volume":"236","author":"Mabilleau","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Endocrinol."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2026.117851_bb0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"579","DOI":"10.1016\/j.stemcr.2016.02.002","article-title":"Activation of GLP-1 receptor promotes bone marrow stromal cell osteogenic differentiation through \u03b2-catenin","volume":"6","author":"Meng","year":"2016","journal-title":"Stem Cell Rep."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2026.117851_bb0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1031","DOI":"10.1089\/dna.2018.4397","article-title":"Liraglutide promotes the osteogenic differentiation in MC3T3-E1 cells via regulating the expression of Smad2\/3 through PI3K\/Akt and Wnt\/\u03b2-catenin pathways","volume":"37","author":"Gao","year":"2018","journal-title":"DNA Cell Biol."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2026.117851_bb0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2677","DOI":"10.1007\/s00210-024-03378-z","article-title":"The crucial role of beta-catenin in the osteoprotective effect of semaglutide in an ovariectomized rat model of osteoporosis","volume":"398","author":"Abo-Elenin","year":"2025","journal-title":"Naunyn Schmiedeberg's Arch. Pharmacol."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2026.117851_bb0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"488","DOI":"10.1111\/1753-0407.13045","article-title":"GLP-1 and insulin regulation of skeletal and cardiac muscle microvascular perfusion in type 2 diabetes","volume":"12","author":"Love","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Diabetes"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2026.117851_bb0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1038\/s41413-025-00483-4","article-title":"Weight loss induced bone loss: mechanism of action and clinical implications","volume":"13","author":"Liu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Bone Res"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2026.117851_bb0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1080\/17446651.2022.2079495","volume":"17","author":"Crabtree","year":"2022","journal-title":"Expert. Rev. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2026.117851_bb0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/dmrr.3168","article-title":"Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists and risk of bone fracture in patients with type 2 diabetes: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials","volume":"35","author":"Cheng","year":"2019","journal-title":"Diabetes Metab. Res. Rev."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2026.117851_bb0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1009","DOI":"10.1007\/s00592-024-02415-w","article-title":"Fracture events associated with GLP-1 receptor agonists in FDA adverse events reporting system","volume":"62","author":"Xiao","year":"2025","journal-title":"Acta Diabetol."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2026.117851_bb0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2639","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-018-4649-8","article-title":"Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists and fracture risk: a network meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials","volume":"29","author":"Zhang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Osteoporos. Int."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2026.117851_bb0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1097","DOI":"10.1007\/s00592-024-02289-y","article-title":"A comprehensive meta-analysis on the association of SGLT2is and GLP-1RAs with vascular diseases, digestive diseases and fractures","volume":"61","author":"Wang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Acta Diabetol."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2026.117851_bb0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"140","DOI":"10.1111\/joim.12725","article-title":"Type 2 diabetes mellitus and bone","volume":"283","author":"Compston","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Intern. Med."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2026.117851_bb0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/jamiaopen\/ooad035","article-title":"A global federated real-world data and analytics platform for research","volume":"6","author":"Palchuk","year":"2023","journal-title":"JAMIA open"},{"issue":"24","key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2026.117851_bb0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2446","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2022.21383","article-title":"Target trial emulation: a framework for causal inference from observational data","volume":"328","author":"Hern\u00e1n","year":"2022","journal-title":"Jama"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2026.117851_bb0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"843","DOI":"10.1080\/00325481.2021.1971461","article-title":"Primary care management of type 2 diabetes: a comparison of the efficacy and safety of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists and dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors","volume":"133","author":"Campos","year":"2021","journal-title":"Postgrad. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2026.117851_bb0105","article-title":"Efficacy of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists for prevention of stroke among patients with and without diabetes: a meta-analysis with the SELECT and FLOW trails","volume":"57","author":"Gera","year":"2025","journal-title":"Int. J. Cardiol. Heart. Vasc."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2026.117851_bb0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"653","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(21)00203-5","article-title":"Cardiovascular, mortality, and kidney outcomes with GLP-1 receptor agonists in patients with type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised trials","volume":"9","author":"Sattar","year":"2021","journal-title":"Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2026.117851_bb0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"176","DOI":"10.1007\/s44200-021-00006-6","article-title":"Statistical inferences using effect sizes in human endothelial function research","volume":"27","author":"Cherubini","year":"2021","journal-title":"Artery Res."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2026.117851_bb0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.21037\/atm.2018.12.10","article-title":"Balance diagnostics after propensity score matching","volume":"7","author":"Zhang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ann. Transl. Med."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2026.117851_bb0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2014.09.005","article-title":"Cochran\u2019s Q test was useful to assess heterogeneity in likelihood ratios in studies of diagnostic accuracy","volume":"68","author":"Cohen","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Clin. Epidemiol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2026.117851_bb0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.1111\/bcp.12777","article-title":"Glucagon-like peptide-1(GLP-1) receptor agonists: potential to reduce fracture risk in diabetic patients?","volume":"81","author":"Luo","year":"2016","journal-title":"Br. J. Clin. Pharmacol."},{"issue":"24","key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2026.117851_bb0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms232416045","article-title":"Activating Wnt\/\u03b2-catenin signaling in osteocytes promotes osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs through BMP-7","volume":"23","author":"Zhang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2026.117851_bb0140","first-page":"633","article-title":"The effect of osteoprotegerin (OPG)\/receptor activator of nuclear factor-\u03baB ligand (RANKL)\/receptor activator of nuclear factor-\u03baB (RANK) on aortic valve calcified","volume":"54","author":"Luo","year":"2024","journal-title":"Ann. Clin. Lab. Sci."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2026.117851_bb0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"H1159","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpheart.00574.2023","article-title":"GLP-1 receptor agonists and atherosclerosis protection: the vascular endothelium takes center stage","volume":"326","author":"Park","year":"2024","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2026.117851_bb0150","first-page":"1816","article-title":"Biology and clinical use of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists in vascular protection","volume":"39","author":"Yau","year":"2023","journal-title":"Can. J. Cardiol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2026.117851_bb0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.4093\/dmj.2022.0363","article-title":"Glucagon-like peptide receptor agonist inhibits angiotensin II-induced proliferation and migration in vascular smooth muscle cells and ameliorates phosphate-induced vascular smooth muscle cells calcification","volume":"48","author":"Lee","year":"2024","journal-title":"Diabetes Metab. J."},{"issue":"24","key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2026.117851_bb0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1563","DOI":"10.5435\/JAAOS-D-21-01083","article-title":"Obesity treatment in orthopaedic surgery","volume":"30","author":"Carreira","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Am. Acad. Orthop. Surg."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2026.117851_bb0165","first-page":"133","article-title":"Effects of obesity treatments on bone mineral density, bone turnover and fracture risk in adults with overweight or obesity","volume":"28","author":"Harper","year":"2016","journal-title":"Horm. Mol. Biol. Clin. Invest."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bone.2026.117851_bb0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2022.921353","article-title":"Bone response to weight loss following bariatric surgery","volume":"13","author":"Mele","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Endocrinol. (Lausanne)"}],"container-title":["Bone"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S8756328226000773?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S8756328226000773?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,22]],"date-time":"2026-04-22T19:26:16Z","timestamp":1776885976000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S8756328226000773"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"references-count":34,"alternative-id":["S8756328226000773"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bone.2026.117851","relation":{},"ISSN":["8756-3282"],"issn-type":[{"value":"8756-3282","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Association between glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists and femur fracture risk in type 2 diabetes: A large-scale target trial emulation","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Bone","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bone.2026.117851","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"117851"}}