{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T04:15:09Z","timestamp":1791951309699,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,8,1]],"date-time":"2008-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1217548800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Best Practice & Research Clinical Gastroenterology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,8]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2007.12.007","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,7,25]],"date-time":"2008-07-25T05:01:00Z","timestamp":1216962060000},"page":"601-616","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":392,"title":["Approaches to the diagnosis and grading of hiatal hernia"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Peter J.","family":"Kahrilas","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hyon C.","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John E.","family":"Pandolfino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2007.12.007_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1016\/S0096-5588(20)30096-9","article-title":"The anatomy of esophageal hiatus of the diaphragm and the pathogenesis of hiatus herniation","volume":"37","author":"Marchand","year":"1959","journal-title":"Thorac Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2007.12.007_bib2","first-page":"736","article-title":"Discussion on hiatus hernia","volume":"122","author":"Barrett","year":"1932","journal-title":"Proc R Soc Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2007.12.007_bib3","first-page":"85","article-title":"Die hernien des hiatus oesophageus","volume":"173","author":"Schatzki","year":"1932","journal-title":"Deutsches Arch klin med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2007.12.007_bib4","first-page":"93","article-title":"A note on the crura of the diaphragm and the muscle of Treitsz","volume":"42","author":"Low","year":"1907","journal-title":"J Anat Lond"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2007.12.007_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"483","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.44.4.476","article-title":"The effect of hiatus hernia on gastro-oesophageal junction pressure","volume":"44","author":"Kahrilas","year":"1999","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2007.12.007_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.2214\/ajr.117.2.231","article-title":"Sliding hiatal hernia: the need for redefinition","volume":"117","author":"Wolf","year":"1973","journal-title":"Am J Roentgenol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2007.12.007_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"373","DOI":"10.2214\/ajr.131.3.373","article-title":"Historical review of the changing concepts of lower esophageal anatomy: 430B.C.\u20131977","volume":"131","author":"Friedland","year":"1978","journal-title":"Am J Roentgoenol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2007.12.007_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1018","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(03)01210-1","article-title":"Esophagogastric junction opening during relaxation distinguishes non-hernia reflux patients, hernia patients and normals","volume":"125","author":"Pandolfino","year":"2003","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2007.12.007_bib9","series-title":"Gastroenterology","first-page":"705","article-title":"Hernias (hiatal, traumatic, and congenital)","author":"Skinner","year":"1985"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2007.12.007_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1147","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(97)70125-2","article-title":"Timing, propagation, coordination, and effect of esophageal shortening during esophageal peristalsis","volume":"112","author":"Pouderoux","year":"1997","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2007.12.007_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"505","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2982.2002.00351.x","article-title":"Distinct patterns of esophageal shortening during primary peristalsis, secondary peristalsis, and transient lower esophageal sphincter relaxations","volume":"14","author":"Shi","year":"2002","journal-title":"Neurogastroenterol Motil"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2007.12.007_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1725","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2006.09.009","article-title":"Transient lower esophageal sphincter relaxations and reflux: mechanistic analysis using concurrent fluoroscopy and high-resolution manometry","volume":"131","author":"Pandolfino","year":"2006","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2007.12.007_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1818","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-5085(95)90748-3","article-title":"Attenuation of esophageal shortening during peristalsis with hiatus hernia","volume":"109","author":"Kahrilas","year":"1995","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2007.12.007_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1466","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2005.41719.x","article-title":"Comparison of the bravo wireless and digitrapper catheter-based pH monitoring systems for measuring esophageal acid exposure","volume":"100","author":"Pandolfino","year":"2005","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2007.12.007_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01893120","article-title":"Predictive relationship of hiatal hernia to reflux esophagitis","volume":"10","author":"Ott","year":"1985","journal-title":"Gastrointest Radiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2007.12.007_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1323","DOI":"10.1148\/93.6.1323","article-title":"Hiatal hernia and gastroesophageal reflux. A clinical analysis of more than 1000 cases","volume":"93","author":"Stilson","year":"1969","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2007.12.007_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1585","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2006.00911.x","article-title":"Information bias in endoscopic assessment","volume":"102","author":"Bytzer","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2007.12.007_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"541","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5107(96)70006-8","article-title":"The gastroesophageal flap valve: in vitro and in vivo observations","volume":"44","author":"Hill","year":"1996","journal-title":"Gastrointest Endosc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2007.12.007_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gie.2005.07.030","article-title":"Endoscopic measurement of cardia circumference as an indicator of GERD","volume":"63","author":"Seltman","year":"2006","journal-title":"Gastrointest Endosc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2007.12.007_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1056","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2007.01138.x","article-title":"High-resolution manometry of the EGJ: an analysis of crural diaphragm function in GERD","volume":"102","author":"Pandolfino","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2007.12.007_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"334","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2005.10.053","article-title":"Intermittent spatial separation of diaphragm and lower esophageal sphincter favors acidic and weakly acidic reflux","volume":"130","author":"Bredenoord","year":"2006","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"}],"container-title":["Best Practice & Research Clinical Gastroenterology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1521691807001795?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1521691807001795?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,13]],"date-time":"2021-09-13T17:34:59Z","timestamp":1631554499000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1521691807001795"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2008,8]]},"references-count":21,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,8]]}},"alternative-id":["S1521691807001795"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bpg.2007.12.007","relation":{},"ISSN":["1521-6918"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1521-6918","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2008,8]]}}}