{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,20]],"date-time":"2026-01-20T02:02:54Z","timestamp":1768874574835,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":80,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2010,10,1]],"date-time":"2010-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1285891200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Best Practice &amp; Research Clinical Gastroenterology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,10]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2010.07.003","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,2,18]],"date-time":"2011-02-18T12:40:39Z","timestamp":1298032839000},"page":"683-693","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":53,"title":["Alcoholic steatohepatitis"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Felix","family":"Stickel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Helmut K.","family":"Seitz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2010.07.003_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2223","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(09)60746-7","article-title":"Global burden of disease and injury and economic cost attributable to alcohol use and alcohol-use disorders","volume":"373","author":"Rehm","year":"2009","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2010.07.003_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"599","DOI":"10.1038\/nrc2191","article-title":"Molecular mechanisms of alcohol-mediated carcinogenesis","volume":"7","author":"Seitz","year":"2007","journal-title":"Nat Rev Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2010.07.003_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"845","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.41.6.845","article-title":"Drinking habits as cofactors of risk for alcohol induced liver damage","volume":"41","author":"Bellentani","year":"1997","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2010.07.003_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1025","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.510230513","article-title":"Prediction of risk of liver disease by alcohol intake, sex, and age: a prospective population study","volume":"23","author":"Becker","year":"1996","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2010.07.003_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.510250120","article-title":"Excess weight risk factor for alcoholic liver disease","volume":"25","author":"Naveau","year":"1997","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2010.07.003_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"559","DOI":"10.1093\/alcalc\/agn046","article-title":"Influence of liver biopsy on abstinence in alcohol-dependent patients","volume":"43","author":"Trabut","year":"2008","journal-title":"Alcohol Alcohol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2010.07.003_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"208","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-5085(87)90861-4","article-title":"Prognosis of alcoholic cirrhosis in the presence and absence of alcoholic hepatitis","volume":"92","author":"Orrego","year":"1987","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2010.07.003_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"244","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01297048","article-title":"Interobserver agreement in the physical diagnosis of alcoholic liver disease","volume":"32","author":"Espinoza","year":"1987","journal-title":"Dig Dis Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2010.07.003_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1295","DOI":"10.1016\/0895-4356(95)00517-X","article-title":"Accuracy of clinical diagnosis of cirrhosis among alcohol-abusing men","volume":"49","author":"Hamberg","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Clin Epidem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2010.07.003_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"346","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2005.03.073","article-title":"Alcohol drinking and risk of hospitalization for heart failure with and without associated coronary artery disease","volume":"96","author":"Klatsky","year":"2005","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2010.07.003_bib12","first-page":"543","article-title":"Relationship between ethanol-related diseases and nutritional status in chronically alcoholic men","volume":"28","author":"Estruch","year":"1993","journal-title":"Alcohol Alcohol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2010.07.003_bib13","first-page":"485","article-title":"Nutritional deficiencies in chronic alcoholics: relation to dietary intake and alcohol consumption","volume":"92","author":"Gloria","year":"1997","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2010.07.003_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.nutr.20.1.395","article-title":"Alcohol: its metabolism and interaction with nutrients","volume":"20","author":"Lieber","year":"2000","journal-title":"Ann Rev Nutr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2010.07.003_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"609","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI101075","article-title":"The occurrence of abnormal dark adaptation and its relation to vitamin A metabolism in patients with cirrhosis of the liver","volume":"18","author":"Patek","year":"1939","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2010.07.003_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"336","DOI":"10.1093\/alcalc\/agh074","article-title":"High AST\/ALT ratio may indicate advanced alcoholic liver disease rather than heavy drinking","volume":"39","author":"Nyblom","year":"2004","journal-title":"Alcohol Alcohol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2010.07.003_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1530-0277.2000.tb04606.x","article-title":"Effect of chronic alcohol consumption on total plasma homocysteine level in rats","volume":"24","author":"Stickel","year":"2000","journal-title":"Alcohol Clin Exp Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2010.07.003_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1290","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2000.02026.x","article-title":"Bacterial infection in cirrhotic patients and its relationship with alcohol","volume":"95","author":"Rosa","year":"2000","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2010.07.003_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.23258","article-title":"Alcoholic liver disease. AASLD practice guideline","volume":"51","author":"O\u2019Shea","year":"2010","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2010.07.003_bib20","first-page":"303","article-title":"Pathological spectrum of alcoholic liver disease","volume":"2","author":"Hall","year":"1994","journal-title":"Alcohol Alcohol Suppl"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2010.07.003_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"966","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v16.i8.966","article-title":"Increased liver stiffness in alcoholic liver disease: differentiating fibrosis from steatohepatitis","volume":"16","author":"Mueller","year":"2010","journal-title":"World J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2010.07.003_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1718","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.22577","article-title":"Extrahepatic cholestasis increases liver stiffness (Fibroscan) irrespectively of fibrosis","volume":"48","author":"Millonig","year":"2008","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2010.07.003_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-5085(78)90401-8","article-title":"Corticosteroid therapy of alcoholic hepatitis","volume":"75","author":"Maddrey","year":"1978","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2010.07.003_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1847","DOI":"10.1053\/gast.1996.v110.pm8964410","article-title":"Survival and prognostic factors in patients with severe alcoholic hepatitis treated with prednisolone","volume":"110","author":"Mathurin","year":"1996","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2010.07.003_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"353","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.20503","article-title":"MELD accurately predicts mortality in patients with alcoholic hepatitis","volume":"41","author":"Dunn","year":"2005","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2010.07.003_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"700","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2004.12.022","article-title":"MELD is a better prognostic model than Child-Turcotte-Pugh score or Discriminant Function score in patients with alcoholic hepatitis","volume":"42","author":"Srikureja","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2010.07.003_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1174","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.2004.050781","article-title":"Analysis of factors predictive of mortality in alcoholic hepatitis and derivation and validation of the Glasgow alcoholic hepatitis score","volume":"54","author":"Forrest","year":"2005","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2010.07.003_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1348","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.21607","article-title":"The Lille model: a new tool for therapeutic strategy in patients with severe alcoholic hepatitis treated with steroids","volume":"45","author":"Louvet","year":"2007","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2010.07.003_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2758","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra0805786","article-title":"Alcoholic hepatitis","volume":"360","author":"Lucey","year":"2009","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2010.07.003_bib30","series-title":"Translational research in chronic liver disease","first-page":"187","article-title":"Experimental therapeutic concepts for alcoholic steatohepatitis: from pathology to therapy","author":"Seitz","year":"2009"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2010.07.003_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"917","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-112-12-917","article-title":"Increased plasma tumor necrosis factor in severe alcoholic hepatitis","volume":"112","author":"Bird","year":"1990","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2010.07.003_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"687","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2006.12.036","article-title":"Hepatic expression of candidate genes in patients with alcoholic hepatitis: correlation with disease severity","volume":"132","author":"Colmenero","year":"2007","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2010.07.003_bib33","first-page":"G605","article-title":"Alcoholic liver injury involves activation of Kupffer cells by endotoxins","volume":"275","author":"Thurman","year":"1998","journal-title":"Am J Physiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2010.07.003_bib34","first-page":"G310","article-title":"Recent advances in alcoholic liver disease. III. Role of the innate immune response in alcoholic hepatitis","volume":"287","author":"Hines","year":"2004","journal-title":"Am J Physiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2010.07.003_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"473","DOI":"10.1002\/path.1917","article-title":"Higher neutrophil infiltration mediated by osteopontin is a likely contributing factor to the increased susceptibility of females to alcoholic liver disease","volume":"208","author":"Banerjee","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Pathol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2010.07.003_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"306","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2006.04.013","article-title":"Intrahepatic gene expression in human alcoholic hepatitis","volume":"45","author":"Seth","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"issue":"Suppl. 1","key":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2010.07.003_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S23","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(10)60051-7","article-title":"Osteopontin is a novel therapeutic target in patients with alcoholic hepatitis","volume":"52","author":"Morales","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2010.07.003_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1515\/BC.2006.047","article-title":"Risk factors and mechanisms of hepatocarcinogenesis with special emphasis on alcohol and oxidative stress","volume":"387","author":"Seitz","year":"2006","journal-title":"Biol Chem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2010.07.003_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"749","DOI":"10.1586\/17474124.2.6.749","article-title":"New concepts in the pathogenesis of alcoholic liver disease","volume":"2","author":"Albano","year":"2008","journal-title":"Expert Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2010.07.003_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(01)00223-9","article-title":"Dynamics of cytochrome P-4502E1 activity in man: induction by ethanol and disappearance during withdrawal phase","volume":"36","author":"Oneta","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2010.07.003_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1483","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.22222","article-title":"Cytochrome P450 2E1 contributes to ethanol-induced fatty liver in mice","volume":"47","author":"Lu","year":"2008","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2010.07.003_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1016\/j.alcohol.2004.07.008","article-title":"Alcoholic fatty liver: its pathogenesis and mechanism of progression to inflammation and fibrosis","volume":"34","author":"Lieber","year":"2004","journal-title":"Alcohol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2010.07.003_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"453","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.22978","article-title":"Ethanol-induced cytochrome P450 2E1 causes carcinogenic etheno-DNA lesions in alcoholic liver disease","volume":"50","author":"Wang","year":"2009","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2010.07.003_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"957","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.510260423","article-title":"Chlormethiazole inhibition of cytochrome P450 2E1 as assessed by chlorzoxazone hydroxylation in humans","volume":"26","author":"Gebhardt","year":"1997","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2010.07.003_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"302","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1525-1373.2000.22435.x","article-title":"Inhibition of ethanol induced liver disease in the intragastric feeding rat model by chlormethiazole","volume":"224","author":"Gouillon","year":"2000","journal-title":"Proc Soc Exp Bio Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2010.07.003_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1530-0277.1999.tb04028.x","article-title":"Polyenylphosphatidylcholine opposes the increase of cytochrome P-4502E1 by ethanol and corrects its iron-induced decrease","volume":"23","author":"Aleynik","year":"1999","journal-title":"Alcohol Clin Exp Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2010.07.003_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1765","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ALC.0000093743.03049.80","article-title":"I. Veterans Affairs Cooperative Study of polyenylphosphatidylcholine in alcoholic liver disease","volume":"27","author":"Lieber","year":"2003","journal-title":"Alcohol Clin Exp Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2010.07.003_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2007.03.027","article-title":"A randomized trial of antioxidant therapy alone or with corticosteroids in acute alcoholic hepatitis","volume":"47","author":"Stewart","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2010.07.003_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"784","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2005.11.039","article-title":"Antioxidants versus corticosteroids in the treatment of severe alcoholic hepatitis \u2013 a randomised clinical trial","volume":"44","author":"Phillips","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2010.07.003_bib50","series-title":"Liver disease: biochemical mechanisms and new therapeutic insights","first-page":"45","article-title":"Alcohol and methyl transfer: Implication for alcohol related hepatocarcinogenesis","author":"Stickel","year":"2006"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2010.07.003_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"976","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.20708","article-title":"Homocysteine, the bad thiol","volume":"41","author":"Mato","year":"2005","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2010.07.003_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1488","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(03)00276-2","article-title":"Betaine decreases hyperhomocysteinemia, endoplasmic reticulum stress, and liver injury in alcohol-fed mice","volume":"124","author":"Ji","year":"2003","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2010.07.003_bib53","unstructured":"Gines P, Angeli P, Lenz K, et\u00a0al. EASL clinical practice guidelines on the management of ascites, spontaneous bacterial peritonitis, and hepatorenal syndrome in cirrhosis. J Hepatol, in press. \u2217EASL clinical practice guidelines on management of decompensated cirrhosis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2010.07.003_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1071","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0907893","article-title":"Rifaximin treatment in hepatic encephalopathy","volume":"362","author":"Bass","year":"2010","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2010.07.003_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"635","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1530-0277.1995.tb01560.x","article-title":"Relationship of protein calorie malnutrition to alcoholic liver disease: a reexamination of data from two Veterans Administration Cooperative Studies","volume":"19","author":"Mendenhall","year":"1995","journal-title":"Alcohol Clin Exp Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2010.07.003_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1016\/0168-8278(92)90137-E","article-title":"The effects of alcohol use on rebleeding and mortality in patients with alcoholic cirrhosis following variceal hemorrhage","volume":"14","author":"McCormick","year":"1992","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2010.07.003_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1053\/jhep.2000.8627","article-title":"Short-term and long-term outcome of severe alcohol-induced hepatitis treated with steroids or enteral nutrition: a multicenter randomized trial","volume":"32","author":"Cabre","year":"2000","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2010.07.003_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"590","DOI":"10.1177\/0148607185009005590","article-title":"VA Cooperative study on alcoholic hepatitis. III: changes in protein-calorie malnutrition associated with 30 days of hospitalization with and without enteral nutritional therapy","volume":"9","author":"Mendenhall","year":"1985","journal-title":"JPEN"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2010.07.003_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(85)80762-5","article-title":"Controlled trial of nutritional supplementation, with and without branched chain amino acids enrichment, in treatment of acute alcoholic hepatitis","volume":"1","author":"Calvey","year":"1985","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2010.07.003_bib60","first-page":"535","article-title":"Hyperalimentation in alcoholic hepatitis","volume":"72","author":"Galambos","year":"1979","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2010.07.003_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1204","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.1840070606","article-title":"Metabolic effects of enteral formula feeding in alcoholic hepatitis","volume":"7","author":"Soberon","year":"1987","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2010.07.003_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"564","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.1840170407","article-title":"A study of oral nutritional support with oxandrolone in malnourished patients with alcoholic hepatitis: results of a Department of Veterans Affairs cooperative study","volume":"17","author":"Mendenhall","year":"1993","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2010.07.003_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2036.2003.01660.x","article-title":"Nutritional therapy in alcoholic liver disease","volume":"18","author":"Stickel","year":"2003","journal-title":"Aliment Pharmacol Therap"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2010.07.003_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1464","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198412063112302","article-title":"VA Cooperative study on Alcoholic Hepatitis. Short term and long term survival in patients with alcoholic hepatitis treated with oxandrolone and prednisolone","volume":"311","author":"Mendenhall","year":"1984","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2010.07.003_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"685","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-110-9-685","article-title":"Methylprednisolone therapy in patients with severe alcoholic hepatitis. A randomized multicenter trial","volume":"110","author":"Carithers","year":"1989","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2010.07.003_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"507","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199202203260802","article-title":"A randomized trial of prednisolone in patients with severe alcoholic hepatitis","volume":"326","author":"Ramond","year":"1992","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2010.07.003_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1167","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2036.2008.03685.x","article-title":"Systematic review: glucocorticosteroids for alcoholic hepatitis \u2013 a Cochrane Hepato-Biliary Group systematic review with meta-analyses and trial sequential analyses of randomized clinical trials","volume":"27","author":"Rambaldi","year":"2008","journal-title":"Aliment Pharmacol Therap"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2010.07.003_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"480","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(01)00289-6","article-title":"Corticosteroids improve short-term survival in patients with severe alcoholic hepatitis (AH): individual data analysis of the last three randomized placebo controlled double blind trials of corticosteroids in severe AH","volume":"36","author":"Mathurin","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2010.07.003_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"448","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(02)00230-1","article-title":"Combination of steroids with infliximab or placebo in severe alcoholic hepatitis: a randomized controlled pilot study","volume":"37","author":"Spahr","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2010.07.003_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"419","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(02)00442-7","article-title":"Anti tumour necrosis factor alpha monoclonal antibody therapy in severe alcoholic hepatitis","volume":"38","author":"Tilg","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2010.07.003_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1182","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.52.8.1182","article-title":"Tumour necrosis factor alpha is an important mediator of portal and systemic haemodynamic derangements in alcoholic hepatitis","volume":"52","author":"Mookerjee","year":"2003","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2010.07.003_bib72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1390","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.20206","article-title":"A double blind randomized controlled trial of infliximab associated with prednisolone in acute alcoholic hepatitis","volume":"39","author":"Naveau","year":"2004","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2010.07.003_bib73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"584","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2008.10.024","article-title":"Infliximab monotherapy for severe alcoholic hepatitis and predictors of survival: an open-label trial","volume":"50","author":"Sharma","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2010.07.003_bib74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2004.04034.x","article-title":"A pilot study of the safety and tolerability of etanercept in patients with alcoholic hepatitis","volume":"99","author":"Menon","year":"2004","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2010.07.003_bib75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1953","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2008.08.057","article-title":"A randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled multicenter trial of etanercept in the treatment of alcohol hepatitis","volume":"135","author":"Boetticher","year":"2008","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2010.07.003_bib76","first-page":"CD007339","article-title":"Pentoxifylline for alcoholic hepatitis","volume":"4","author":"Whitfiled","year":"2009","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2010.07.003_bib77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"138","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-6143.2009.02869.x","article-title":"Liver transplantation for alcoholic liver disease in Europe: a study from the ELTR (European Liver Transplant Registry)","volume":"10","author":"Burra","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am J Transplant"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2010.07.003_bib78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"956","DOI":"10.1097\/00007890-199810150-00034","article-title":"Minimal criteria for placement of adults on the liver transplant waiting list: a report of a national conference organized by the American Society of Transplant Physicians and the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases","volume":"66","author":"Lucey","year":"1998","journal-title":"Transplantation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2010.07.003_bib79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2045","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(06)68904-6","article-title":"Recommendations for alcohol-related liver disease","volume":"367","author":"Bathgate","year":"2006","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2010.07.003_bib80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1728","DOI":"10.1002\/lt.21298","article-title":"The impact of acute alcoholic hepatitis in the explanted recipient liver on outcome after liver transplantation","volume":"13","author":"Wells","year":"2007","journal-title":"Liver Transpl"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2010.07.003_bib81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S13","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(10)60031-1","article-title":"Early transplantation improves survival of non-responders to corticosteroids in severe alcoholic hepatitis: a challenge to the 6 month rule of abstinence","volume":"52","author":"Castel","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Hepatol"}],"container-title":["Best Practice &amp; Research Clinical Gastroenterology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S152169181000082X?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S152169181000082X?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,8]],"date-time":"2019-06-08T13:06:06Z","timestamp":1559999166000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S152169181000082X"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2010,10]]},"references-count":80,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,10]]}},"alternative-id":["S152169181000082X"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bpg.2010.07.003","relation":{},"ISSN":["1521-6918"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1521-6918","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2010,10]]}}}