{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T14:40:55Z","timestamp":1789656055555,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":110,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,1]],"date-time":"2018-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1527811200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.jp","clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.com.au","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Best Practice &amp; Research Clinical Gastroenterology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,6]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2018.06.006","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,18]],"date-time":"2018-06-18T19:17:22Z","timestamp":1529349442000},"page":"95-106","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Risk stratification and prognostic modelling in primary biliary cholangitis"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"34-35","author":[{"given":"Jorn C.","family":"Goet","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5554-3286","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maren H.","family":"Harms","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6591-5007","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marco","family":"Carbone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bettina E.","family":"Hansen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2018.06.006_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1261","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra043898","article-title":"Primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"353","author":"Kaplan","year":"2005","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2018.06.006_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"745","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2009.11.027","article-title":"Primary biliary cirrhosis: a 2010 update","volume":"52","author":"Poupon","year":"2010","journal-title":"J\u00a0Hepatol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2018.06.006_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1478-3231.1999.tb00020.x","article-title":"Utilization of the Mayo risk score in patients with primary biliary cirrhosis receiving ursodeoxycholic acid","volume":"19","author":"Angulo","year":"1999","journal-title":"Liver"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2018.06.006_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"715","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2005.12.029","article-title":"Excellent long-term survival in patients with primary biliary cirrhosis and biochemical response to ursodeoxycholic acid","volume":"130","author":"Pares","year":"2006","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2018.06.006_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1281","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2009.01.003","article-title":"Improved prognosis of patients with primary biliary cirrhosis that have a biochemical response to ursodeoxycholic acid","volume":"136","author":"Kuiper","year":"2009","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2018.06.006_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"871","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.22428","article-title":"Biochemical response to ursodeoxycholic acid and long-term prognosis in primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"48","author":"Corpechot","year":"2008","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2018.06.006_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1361","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2011.02.031","article-title":"Early primary biliary cirrhosis: biochemical response to treatment and prediction of long-term outcome","volume":"55","author":"Corpechot","year":"2011","journal-title":"J\u00a0Hepatol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2018.06.006_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"630","DOI":"10.1007\/s00535-009-0051-9","article-title":"Early biochemical response to ursodeoxycholic acid predicts symptom development in patients with asymptomatic primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"44","author":"Azemoto","year":"2009","journal-title":"J\u00a0Gastroenterol"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2018.06.006_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2186","DOI":"10.1038\/ajg.2010.216","article-title":"Baseline ductopenia and treatment response predict long-term histological progression in primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"105","author":"Kumagi","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2018.06.006_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"310","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1872-034X.2011.00782.x","article-title":"Biochemical response to ursodeoxycholic acid predicts long-term outcome in Japanese patients with primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"41","author":"Azemoto","year":"2011","journal-title":"Hepatol Res"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2018.06.006_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"790","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1478-3231.2011.02678.x","article-title":"Optimizing biochemical markers as endpoints for clinical trials in primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"32","author":"Momah","year":"2012","journal-title":"Liver Int"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2018.06.006_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e31","DOI":"10.1111\/liv.12434","article-title":"Rising incidence and prevalence of primary biliary cirrhosis: a large population-based study","volume":"34","author":"Boonstra","year":"2014","journal-title":"Liver Int"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2018.06.006_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"318","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0034-1383730","article-title":"The new epidemiology of primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"34","author":"Griffiths","year":"2014","journal-title":"Semin Liver Dis"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2018.06.006_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"152","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.28859","article-title":"Large-scale characterization study of patients with antimitochondrial antibodies but nonestablished primary biliary cholangitis","volume":"65","author":"Dahlqvist","year":"2017","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2018.06.006_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25906","DOI":"10.1038\/srep25906","article-title":"Evolving trends in female to male incidence and male mortality of primary biliary cholangitis","volume":"6","author":"Lleo","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2018.06.006_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2017.03.022","article-title":"EASL Clinical Practice Guidelines: the diagnosis and management of patients with primary biliary cholangitis","volume":"67","author":"European Association for the Study of the L","year":"2017","journal-title":"J\u00a0Hepatol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2018.06.006_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1478-3231.2010.02366.x","article-title":"A\u00a035-year follow-up of a large cohort of patients with primary biliary cirrhosis seen at a single centre","volume":"31","author":"Floreani","year":"2011","journal-title":"Liver Int"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2018.06.006_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"865","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.2003.023937","article-title":"Asymptomatic primary biliary cirrhosis: clinical features, prognosis, and symptom progression in a large population based cohort","volume":"53","author":"Prince","year":"2004","journal-title":"Gut"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2018.06.006_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"795","DOI":"10.1016\/S1089-3261(03)00102-8","article-title":"The epidemiology of primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"7","author":"Prince","year":"2003","journal-title":"Clin Liver Dis"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2018.06.006_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1920","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.29717","article-title":"Milder disease stage in patients with primary biliary cholangitis over a 44-year period: a changing natural history","volume":"67","author":"Murillo Perez","year":"2018","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2018.06.006_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2099","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.24597","article-title":"Seasonal variation in the patient diagnosis of primary biliary cirrhosis: further evidence for an environmental component to etiology","volume":"54","author":"McNally","year":"2011","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2018.06.006_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1169","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.23139","article-title":"Are transient environmental agents involved in the cause of primary biliary cirrhosis? Evidence from space-time clustering analysis","volume":"50","author":"McNally","year":"2009","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2018.06.006_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"737","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.22042","article-title":"The causes of primary biliary cirrhosis: convenient and inconvenient truths","volume":"47","author":"Gershwin","year":"2008","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2018.06.006_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"254","DOI":"10.1038\/ajg.2017.440","article-title":"Major hepatic complications in ursodeoxycholic acid-treated patients with primary biliary cholangitis: risk factors and time trends in incidence and outcome","volume":"113","author":"Harms","year":"2018","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2018.06.006_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.22906","article-title":"Primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"50","author":"Lindor","year":"2009","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2018.06.006_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1529","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2006.00634.x","article-title":"Long-term effects of mid-dose ursodeoxycholic acid in primary biliary cirrhosis: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials","volume":"101","author":"Shi","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2018.06.006_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"644","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.510290301","article-title":"Long-term ursodeoxycholic acid delays histological progression in primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"29","author":"Angulo","year":"1999","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2018.06.006_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1196","DOI":"10.1053\/jhep.2000.20240","article-title":"The effect of ursodeoxycholic acid therapy on liver fibrosis progression in primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"32","author":"Corpechot","year":"2000","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2018.06.006_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(03)00192-2","article-title":"Combined analysis of the effect of treatment with ursodeoxycholic acid on histologic progression in primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"39","author":"Poupon","year":"2003","journal-title":"J\u00a0Hepatol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2018.06.006_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2004.11.009","article-title":"The effect of ursodeoxycholic acid therapy on the natural course of primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"128","author":"Corpechot","year":"2005","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2018.06.006_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2044","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2006.00699.x","article-title":"Dutch PBCSG. Prognosis of ursodeoxycholic Acid-treated patients with primary biliary cirrhosis. Results of a 10-yr cohort study involving 297 patients","volume":"101","author":"Ter Borg","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2018.06.006_bib32","article-title":"Ursodeoxycholic acid is associated with a prolonged transplant-free survival in all patients with primary biliary cholangitis - there is no such thing as non-response","volume":"66","author":"van der Meer","year":"2017","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2018.06.006_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1007","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.510290444","article-title":"Histopathological study of primary biliary cirrhosis and the effect of ursodeoxycholic acid treatment on histology progression","volume":"29","author":"Degott","year":"1999","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2018.06.006_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"652","DOI":"10.1053\/gast.2002.31880","article-title":"Primary biliary cirrhosis: incidence and predictive factors of cirrhosis development in ursodiol-treated patients","volume":"122","author":"Corpechot","year":"2002","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2018.06.006_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"678","DOI":"10.1038\/nrgastro.2015.187","article-title":"Primary biliary cirrhosis: renaming primary biliary cirrhosis-clarity or confusion?","volume":"12","author":"Trivedi","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2018.06.006_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1249","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2014.01.029","article-title":"Optimising risk stratification in primary biliary cirrhosis: AST\/platelet ratio index predicts outcome independent of ursodeoxycholic acid response","volume":"60","author":"Trivedi","year":"2014","journal-title":"J\u00a0Hepatol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2018.06.006_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1338","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2014.08.029","article-title":"Levels of alkaline phosphatase and bilirubin are surrogate end points of outcomes of patients with primary biliary cirrhosis: an international follow-up study","volume":"147","author":"Lammers","year":"2014","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2018.06.006_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1668","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.510290603","article-title":"Ten-year survival in ursodeoxycholic acid-treated patients with primary biliary cirrhosis. The UDCA-PBC Study Group","volume":"29","author":"Poupon","year":"1999","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2018.06.006_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1884","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.23210","article-title":"Epidemiology and natural history of primary biliary cirrhosis in a Canadian health region: a population-based study","volume":"50","author":"Myers","year":"2009","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2018.06.006_bib40","first-page":"1313","article-title":"Transplantation trends in primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"5","author":"Lee","year":"2007","journal-title":"Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol official Clin Practice J Am Gastroenterol Assoc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2018.06.006_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-230X-10-144","article-title":"Trends in liver transplantation for primary biliary cirrhosis in The Netherlands 1988-2008","volume":"10","author":"Kuiper","year":"2010","journal-title":"BMC Gastroenterol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2018.06.006_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.20.2.137","article-title":"Serum bilirubin: a prognostic factor in primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"20","author":"Shapiro","year":"1979","journal-title":"Gut"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2018.06.006_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"843","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.1840050523","article-title":"Changes of laboratory variables with time in cirrhosis: prognostic and therapeutic significance","volume":"5","author":"Christensen","year":"1985","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2018.06.006_bib44","first-page":"S633","article-title":"Behavioral patterns of total serum bilirubin prior to major clinical endpoints in 3529 patients with primary biliary cholangitis","volume":"64","author":"Harms","year":"2016"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2018.06.006_bib45","first-page":"S41A","article-title":"Bilirubin is predictive of transplant-free survival even within the normal range in primary biliary cholangitis patients","volume":"66","author":"Murillo Perez","year":"2017","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2018.06.006_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1016\/S1386-6346(99)00005-4","article-title":"Elevation of serum gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase precedes that of alkaline phosphatase in the early stages of primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"14","author":"Matsuo","year":"1999","journal-title":"Hepatol Res"},{"issue":"25","key":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2018.06.006_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2973","DOI":"10.1002\/sim.5403","article-title":"Biomarkers and surrogate endpoints in clinical trials","volume":"31","author":"Fleming","year":"2012","journal-title":"Stat Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2018.06.006_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"256","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(99)80222-0","article-title":"Prognostic factors and long-term effects of ursodeoxycholic acid on liver biochemical parameters in patients with primary biliary cirrhosis. Dutch Multi-Centre PBC Study Group","volume":"31","author":"van Hoogstraten","year":"1999","journal-title":"J\u00a0Hepatol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2018.06.006_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.510290140","article-title":"Clinical significance of serum bilirubin levels under ursodeoxycholic acid therapy in patients with primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"29","author":"Bonnand","year":"1999","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2018.06.006_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"408","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(99)80098-1","article-title":"Clinical and biochemical expression of the histopathological lesions of primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"30","author":"Poupon","year":"1999","journal-title":"J\u00a0Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2018.06.006_bib51","article-title":"The UK-PBC risk scores: derivation and validation of a scoring system for long-term prediction of end-stage liver disease in primary biliary cirrhosis","author":"Carbone","year":"2015","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2018.06.006_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2012.12.005","article-title":"Sex and age are determinants of the clinical phenotype of primary biliary cirrhosis and response to ursodeoxycholic acid","volume":"144","author":"Carbone","year":"2013","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2018.06.006_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S798","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(15)31380-5","article-title":"Age, bilirubin and albumin, regardless of sex, are the strongest independent predictors of biochemical response and transplantation-free survival in patients with primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"62","author":"Cheung","year":"2015","journal-title":"J\u00a0Hepatol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2018.06.006_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2014-308351","article-title":"Stratification of hepatocellular carcinoma risk in primary biliary cirrhosis: a multicentre international study","volume":"65","author":"Trivedi","year":"2016","journal-title":"Gut"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2018.06.006_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"911","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2010.05.026","article-title":"The independent effects of fatigue and UDCA therapy on mortality in primary biliary cirrhosis: results of a 9 year follow-up","volume":"53","author":"Jones","year":"2010","journal-title":"J\u00a0Hepatol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2018.06.006_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1567","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-5085(90)91091-J","article-title":"Diminished survival in asymptomatic primary biliary cirrhosis. A prospective study","volume":"98","author":"Balasubramaniam","year":"1990","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2018.06.006_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1044","DOI":"10.1053\/gast.2002.36027","article-title":"Survival and symptom progression in a geographically based cohort of patients with primary biliary cirrhosis: follow-up for up to 28 years","volume":"123","author":"Prince","year":"2002","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2018.06.006_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"778","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-5085(90)90968-7","article-title":"Symptom development and prognosis in primary biliary cirrhosis: a study in two centers","volume":"99","author":"Mitchison","year":"1990","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"issue":"9039","key":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2018.06.006_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1399","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(96)04410-8","article-title":"Natural history of early primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"348","author":"Metcalf","year":"1996","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2018.06.006_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.1999.00770.x","article-title":"Asymptomatic primary biliary cirrhosis: a study of its natural history and prognosis","volume":"94","author":"Springer","year":"1999","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2018.06.006_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.21472","article-title":"Anti-gp210 and anti-centromere antibodies are different risk factors for the progression of primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"45","author":"Nakamura","year":"2007","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2018.06.006_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"431","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2003.07257.x","article-title":"Characterization and clinical impact of antinuclear antibodies in primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"98","author":"Muratori","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2018.06.006_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"846","DOI":"10.1111\/hepr.12423","article-title":"Autoantibody status and histological variables influence biochemical response to treatment and long-term outcomes in Japanese patients with primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"45","author":"Nakamura","year":"2015","journal-title":"Hepatol Res"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2018.06.006_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1549","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.22517","article-title":"Prediction of clinical outcomes in primary biliary cirrhosis by serum enhanced liver fibrosis assay","volume":"48","author":"Mayo","year":"2008","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2018.06.006_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"198","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.25599","article-title":"Noninvasive elastography-based assessment of liver fibrosis progression and prognosis in primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"56","author":"Corpechot","year":"2012","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2018.06.006_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S177","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(16)00105-7","article-title":"Fibroscan improves the ability of the new prognostic scoring systems to predict outcomes of PBC","volume":"64","author":"Corpechot","year":"2016","journal-title":"J\u00a0Hepatol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2018.06.006_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.4292\/wjgpt.v7.i1.91","article-title":"Clinical applications, limitations and future role of transient elastography in the management of liver disease","volume":"7","author":"Chang","year":"2016","journal-title":"World J Gastrointest Pharmacol Therapeut"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2018.06.006_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198301063080101","article-title":"The prognostic importance of clinical and histologic features in asymptomatic and symptomatic primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"308","author":"Roll","year":"1983","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2018.06.006_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"276","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.49.2.276","article-title":"Dutch Multicentre PBCsg. Jaundice in non-cirrhotic primary biliary cirrhosis: the premature ductopenic variant","volume":"49","author":"Vleggaar","year":"2001","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2018.06.006_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S805","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(15)31394-5","article-title":"P1198: histological stage is relevant for risk-stratification in primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"62","author":"Carbone","year":"2015","journal-title":"J\u00a0Hepatol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2018.06.006_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"264","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.26322","article-title":"Early biochemical response to ursodeoxycholic acid and long-term prognosis of primary biliary cirrhosis: results of a 14-year cohort study","volume":"58","author":"Zhang","year":"2013","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2018.06.006_bib72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"918","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(99)70351-3","article-title":"Oral budesonide and ursodeoxycholic acid for treatment of primary biliary cirrhosis: results of a prospective double-blind trial","volume":"117","author":"Leuschner","year":"1999","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2018.06.006_bib73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1804","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2015.07.061","article-title":"Development and validation of a scoring system to predict outcomes of patients with primary biliary cirrhosis receiving ursodeoxycholic acid therapy","volume":"149","author":"Lammers","year":"2015","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2018.06.006_bib74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"930","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.28017","article-title":"The UK-PBC risk scores: derivation and validation of a scoring system for long-term prediction of end-stage liver disease in primary biliary cholangitis","volume":"63","author":"Carbone","year":"2016","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2018.06.006_bib75","first-page":"249A","article-title":"Defining optimal laboratory response criteria in UDCA treated primary biliary cirrhosis. Results of an international multicenter long-term follow-up study","volume":"58","author":"Lammers","year":"2013","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2018.06.006_bib76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.26365","article-title":"Impact of primary biliary cirrhosis on perceived quality of life: the UK-PBC national study","volume":"58","author":"Mells","year":"2013","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2018.06.006_bib77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"636","DOI":"10.1111\/liv.12560","article-title":"Fatigue and pruritus at onset identify a more aggressive subset of primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"35","author":"Quarneti","year":"2015","journal-title":"Liver Int"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2018.06.006_bib78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"707","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(05)80139-4","article-title":"Primary biliary cirrhosis: survival of a large cohort of symptomatic and asymptomatic patients followed for 24 years","volume":"20","author":"Mahl","year":"1994","journal-title":"J\u00a0Hepatol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2018.06.006_bib79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"659","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.21583","article-title":"A\u00a0sensitive bead assay for antimitochondrial antibodies: chipping away at AMA-negative primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"45","author":"Oertelt","year":"2007","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"issue":"58","key":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2018.06.006_bib80","first-page":"937","article-title":"No prognostic significance of antimitochondrial antibody profile testing in primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"51","author":"Vleggaar","year":"2004","journal-title":"Hepato-Gastroenterology"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2018.06.006_bib81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(05)80253-3","article-title":"M4 and M9 autoantigens in primary biliary cirrhosis\u2013a negative study","volume":"18","author":"Palmer","year":"1993","journal-title":"J\u00a0Hepatol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2018.06.006_bib82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"644","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.28128","article-title":"Risk stratification in autoimmune cholestatic liver diseases: opportunities for clinicians and trialists","volume":"63","author":"Trivedi","year":"2016","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2018.06.006_bib83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"142","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.1840080127","article-title":"Serum hyaluronate in primary biliary cirrhosis\u2013a biochemical marker for progressive liver damage","volume":"8","author":"Nyberg","year":"1988","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2018.06.006_bib84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"840","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1478-3231.2006.01304.x","article-title":"The AST\/ALT ratio as an indicator of cirrhosis in patients with PBC","volume":"26","author":"Nyblom","year":"2006","journal-title":"Liver Int"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2018.06.006_bib85","first-page":"887","article-title":"Performance and utility of transient elastography and noninvasive markers of liver fibrosis in primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"43","author":"Floreani","year":"2011","journal-title":"Dig Liver Dis"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2018.06.006_bib86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"441","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2036.2007.03585.x","article-title":"Transient elastography to assess hepatic fibrosis in primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"27","author":"Gomez-Dominguez","year":"2008","journal-title":"Aliment Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2018.06.006_bib87","article-title":"Relationships between biochemical response to UDCA and progression of liver stiffness as determined by Fibroscan in patients with PBC","volume":"64","author":"Corpechot","year":"2016","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2018.06.006_bib88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"556","DOI":"10.1136\/jcp.49.7.556","article-title":"Accuracy of staging in primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"49","author":"Garrido","year":"1996","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Pathol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2018.06.006_bib89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"b375","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.b375","article-title":"Prognosis and prognostic research: what, why, and how?","volume":"338","author":"Moons","year":"2009","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2018.06.006_bib90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"236","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-5085(80)90571-5","article-title":"Clinical pattern and course of disease in primary biliary cirrhosis based on an analysis of 236 patients","volume":"78","author":"Christensen","year":"1980","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2018.06.006_bib91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.1840100102","article-title":"Prognosis in primary biliary cirrhosis: model for decision making","volume":"10","author":"Dickson","year":"1989","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"issue":"1 Pt 1","key":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2018.06.006_bib92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.1840200120","article-title":"Primary biliary cirrhosis: prediction of short-term survival based on repeated patient visits","volume":"20","author":"Murtaugh","year":"1994","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2018.06.006_bib93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"489","DOI":"10.1053\/jlts.2000.6503","article-title":"Adaptation of the Mayo primary biliary cirrhosis natural history model for application in liver transplant candidates","volume":"6","author":"Kim","year":"2000","journal-title":"Liver Transplant"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2018.06.006_bib94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"846","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.1840100516","article-title":"Extramural cross-validation of the Mayo primary biliary cirrhosis survival model establishes its generalizability","volume":"10","author":"Grambsch","year":"1989","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2018.06.006_bib95","first-page":"1148","article-title":"Is the Mayo model for predicting survival useful after the introduction of ursodeoxycholic acid treatment for primary biliary cirrhosis?","volume":"23","author":"Kilmurry","year":"1996","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2018.06.006_bib96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"550","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2014.57.9151","article-title":"Assessment of liver function in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma: a new evidence-based approach-the ALBI grade","volume":"33","author":"Johnson","year":"2015","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Oncol"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2018.06.006_bib97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1391","DOI":"10.1111\/jgh.12938","article-title":"New simple prognostic score for primary biliary cirrhosis: albumin-bilirubin score","volume":"30","author":"Chan","year":"2015","journal-title":"J\u00a0Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2018.06.006_bib98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"864","DOI":"10.1053\/he.2000.5852","article-title":"A\u00a0model to predict poor survival in patients undergoing transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunts","volume":"31","author":"Malinchoc","year":"2000","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2018.06.006_bib99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"454","DOI":"10.1111\/tri.12877","article-title":"Primary biliary cirrhosis has high wait-list mortality among patients listed for liver transplantation","volume":"30","author":"Singal","year":"2017","journal-title":"Transpl Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2018.06.006_bib100","unstructured":"Younossi Z.M. SM, de Avila L., Ahmed A., Wong R.J., Saab S., Kowdley K.V., Brown K.A., Kugelmas M., Racila A., Abstract #312: liver transplant (LT) candidates with primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) experience higher wait list mortality: data from the scientific registry of transplant recipients (SRTR). Hepatology.66(1):176A-7A."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2018.06.006_bib101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1084","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-5085(85)90213-6","article-title":"Beneficial effect of azathioprine and prediction of prognosis in primary biliary cirrhosis. Final results of an international trial","volume":"89","author":"Christensen","year":"1985","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2018.06.006_bib102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1865","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-5085(93)91086-W","article-title":"Updating prognosis in primary biliary cirrhosis using a time-dependent Cox regression model. PBC1 and PBC2 trial groups","volume":"105","author":"Christensen","year":"1993","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2018.06.006_bib103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"464","DOI":"10.1053\/jhep.2001.22172","article-title":"A\u00a0model to predict survival in patients with end-stage liver disease","volume":"33","author":"Kamath","year":"2001","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2018.06.006_bib104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S543","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(17)31494-0","article-title":"The GLOBE score identifies PBC patients at increased risk of liver transplantation or death in different age-categories over time","volume":"66","author":"Goet","year":"2017","journal-title":"J\u00a0Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2018.06.006_bib105","first-page":"189A","article-title":"The GLOBE score identifies PBC patients at increased risk of liver transplantation or death during follow-up","author":"Goet","year":"2016","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2018.06.006_bib106","article-title":"Time-dependent factors associated with diminished transplant-free survival in patients with primary biliary cholangitis and an optimal response to ursodeoxycholic acid after one year of treatment","volume":"66","author":"Lammers","year":"2017","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2018.06.006_bib107","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"733","DOI":"10.1111\/apt.13927","article-title":"The risk predictive values of UK-PBC and GLOBE scoring system in Chinese patients with primary biliary cholangitis: the additional effect of anti-gp210","volume":"45","author":"Yang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Aliment Pharmacol Ther"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2018.06.006_bib108","article-title":"Abstract # 318: the risk predictive values of UK-PBC and GLOBE scoring system and performance of biochemical response criteria in Chinese patients with primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) on ursodeoxycholic acid","volume":"66","author":"Huang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2018.06.006_bib109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e100","DOI":"10.1038\/ctg.2017.23","article-title":"Prognostic factors for transplant-free survival and validation of prognostic models in Chinese patients with primary biliary cholangitis receiving ursodeoxycholic acid","volume":"8","author":"Cheung","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin Transl Gastroenterol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2018.06.006_bib110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(17)31504-0","article-title":"Risk reduction with obeticholic acid in patients not achieving the POISE primary endpoint","volume":"66","author":"Harms","year":"2017","journal-title":"J\u00a0Hepatol"}],"container-title":["Best Practice &amp; Research Clinical Gastroenterology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1521691818300088?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1521691818300088?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,19]],"date-time":"2019-10-19T12:26:46Z","timestamp":1571488006000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1521691818300088"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,6]]},"references-count":110,"alternative-id":["S1521691818300088"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bpg.2018.06.006","relation":{},"ISSN":["1521-6918"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1521-6918","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Risk stratification and prognostic modelling in primary biliary cholangitis","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Best Practice & Research Clinical Gastroenterology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bpg.2018.06.006","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}