{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,3]],"date-time":"2025-11-03T09:01:32Z","timestamp":1762160492986},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,6,1]],"date-time":"2006-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1149120000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Best Practice & Research Clinical Obstetrics & Gynaecology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,6]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2005.11.003","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,2,10]],"date-time":"2006-02-10T12:29:58Z","timestamp":1139574598000},"page":"311-322","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Emergency contraception \u2013 a human rights issue"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Horacio B.","family":"Croxatto","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Soledad D\u00edaz","family":"Fern\u00e1ndez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2005.11.003_bib1","unstructured":"UNDP\/UNFPA\/WHO\/World Bank. Special Programme of Research, Development and Research Training in Human Reproduction (HRP). HRP fact sheet. October 2005. Levonorgestrel for emergency contraception. In: http:\/\/www.who.int\/reproductive-health\/family_planning\/docs\/ec_factsheet.pdf (accessed 23 January 2006)."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2005.11.003_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"428","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(98)05145-9","article-title":"Randomized controlled trial of levonorgestrel versus the Yuzpe regimen of combined oral contraceptives for emergency contraception","volume":"352","author":"World Health Organization Task Force on Postovulatory Methods of Fertility Regulation","year":"1998","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2005.11.003_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1803","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(02)11767-3","article-title":"Low dose mifepristone and two regimens of levonorgestrel for emergency contraception: a WHO multicentre randomized trial","volume":"360","author":"von Hertzen","year":"2002","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2005.11.003_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"721","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(98)05718-3","article-title":"Timing of emergency contraception with levonorgestrel or the Yuzpe regimen","volume":"353","author":"Piaggio","year":"1999","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2005.11.003_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/deh583","article-title":"A randomized trial to compare 24h versus 12h double dose regimen of levonorgestrel for emergency contraception","volume":"20","author":"Ngai","year":"2005","journal-title":"Human Reprod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2005.11.003_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"531","DOI":"10.1067\/mob.2001.111102","article-title":"Effectiveness of emergency contraceptive pills between 72 and 120 hours after unprotected sexual intercourse","volume":"184","author":"Rodrigues","year":"2001","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2005.11.003_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1016\/S0010-7824(02)00535-8","article-title":"Estimating the effectiveness of emergency contraception pills","volume":"67","author":"Trussell","year":"2003","journal-title":"Contraception"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2005.11.003_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1016\/S0010-7824(99)00090-6","article-title":"The role of matching menstrual data with hormonal measurements in evaluating effectiveness of postcoital contraception","volume":"60","author":"Espinos","year":"1999","journal-title":"Contraception"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2005.11.003_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1016\/S0010-7824(02)00310-4","article-title":"Estimating the efficacy of emergency contraception \u2013 how reliable is the data?","volume":"66","author":"Stirling","year":"2002","journal-title":"Contraception"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2005.11.003_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1074","DOI":"10.1016\/S0015-0282(02)04962-2","article-title":"Transvaginal ultrasonography in women receiving emergency contraception","volume":"79","author":"Severi","year":"2003","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2005.11.003_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.humrep.a138057","article-title":"A prospective randomized comparison of levonorgestrel with the Yuzpe regimen in post-coital contraception","volume":"8","author":"Ho","year":"1993","journal-title":"Human Reprod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2005.11.003_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1016\/S0010-7824(02)00337-2","article-title":"Comparative evaluation of the effectiveness and safety of two regimens of levonorgestrel for emergency contraception in Nigerians","volume":"66","author":"Arowojolu","year":"2002","journal-title":"Contraception"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2005.11.003_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1107","DOI":"10.1016\/S0039-128X(03)00141-7","article-title":"Levonorgestrel and mifepristone in emergency contraception","volume":"68","author":"von Hertzen","year":"2003","journal-title":"Steroids"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2005.11.003_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1307","DOI":"10.1097\/01.AOG.0000146286.60138.47","article-title":"A randomized trial of mifepristone (10 mg) and levonorgestrel for emergency contraception","volume":"104","author":"Hamoda","year":"2004","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2005.11.003_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1168","DOI":"10.1016\/S0029-7844(03)00352-1","article-title":"Extending the time limit for starting the Yuzpe regimen of emergency contraception to 120 hours","volume":"101","author":"Ellertson","year":"2003","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2005.11.003_bib16","series-title":"Medical Eligibility Criteria for Contraceptive Use","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2004"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2005.11.003_bib17","series-title":"Unsafe Abortion: Global and Regional Estimates of Incidence of and Mortality due to Unsafe Abortion with a Listing of Available Country Data","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2004"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2005.11.003_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1830","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMcp031990","article-title":"Clinical practice: emergency contraception","volume":"349","author":"Westhoff","year":"2003","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2005.11.003_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"182","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.329.7459.182","article-title":"Which drugs should be available over the counter?","volume":"329","author":"Fenichel","year":"2004","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2005.11.003_bib20","first-page":"382","article-title":"Switching emergency contraception to over the counter status","volume":"348","author":"Rothschild","year":"2003","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2005.11.003_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"463","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.312.7029.463a","article-title":"New Zealand doctors resist emergency contraception","volume":"312","author":"Williams","year":"1996","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2005.11.003_bib22","unstructured":"American Life League Newsroom. ALL President Judie Brown testifies against \u2018Plan B\u2019 going OTC. IN: www.all.org\/news\/031216.htm; (accessed 1 July 2005). Release issued: 16 Dec 03. American Life League, Inc. SUBJECT: Docket No. 2001P-0075 (concerning a proposal to \u201cSwitch Status of Emergency Contraceptives From Rx to OTC\u201d)."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2005.11.003_bib23","first-page":"186","article-title":"Improving access to emergency contraception","volume":"322","author":"Harrison-Woolrych","year":"2001","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2005.11.003_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpag.2003.11.018","article-title":"The effects of advance provision of emergency contraception on adolescent women's sexual and contraceptive behaviors","volume":"17","author":"Gold","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2005.11.003_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1016\/S0029-7844(03)00478-2","article-title":"Advance supply of emergency contraception: effect on use and usual contraception \u2013 a randomized trial","volume":"102","author":"Jackson","year":"2003","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2005.11.003_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/S0029-7844(00)00830-9","article-title":"Emergency contraception: advance provision in a young, high-risk clinic population","volume":"96","author":"Raine","year":"2000","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2005.11.003_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199807023390101","article-title":"The effects of self-administering emergency contraception","volume":"339","author":"Glasier","year":"1998","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2005.11.003_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2404","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/deh425","article-title":"Effect of advanced provision of emergency contraception on women's contraceptive behaviour: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"19","author":"Lo","year":"2004","journal-title":"Human Reprod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2005.11.003_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.38519.440266.8F","article-title":"Impact on contraceptive practice of making emergency hormonal contraception available over the counter in Great Britain: repeated cross sectional surveys","volume":"331","author":"Marston","year":"2005","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2005.11.003_bib30","first-page":"183","article-title":"La Batalla de la P\u00edldora. El acceso a la anticoncepci\u00f3n de emergencia en America Latina","volume":"10","author":"Casas","year":"2004","journal-title":"Revista Derecho y Humanidades. Facultad de Derecho Universidad de Chile"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2005.11.003_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1016\/S0010-7824(01)00184-6","article-title":"Mechanism of action of hormonal preparations used for emergency contraception: a review of the literature","volume":"63","author":"Croxatto","year":"2001","journal-title":"Contraception"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2005.11.003_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"804","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9378(66)90676-4","article-title":"Compounds interfering with ovum implantation and development. III The role of estrogens","volume":"96","author":"McLean","year":"1966","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2005.11.003_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"375","DOI":"10.1016\/S0010-7824(76)80052-2","article-title":"Interception. Postcoital estrogens in 3,016 women","volume":"14","author":"Haspels","year":"1976","journal-title":"Contraception"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2005.11.003_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"932","DOI":"10.1016\/S0015-0282(16)42793-7","article-title":"Ethinylestradiol and dl-norgestrel as a postcoital contraceptive","volume":"28","author":"Yuzpe","year":"1977","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2005.11.003_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.1016\/0010-7824(73)90139-X","article-title":"Postcoital contraception with dl-norgestrel","volume":"7","author":"Kesser\u00fc","year":"1973","journal-title":"Contraception"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2005.11.003_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1016\/S0010-7824(01)00186-X","article-title":"The effects of pre-ovulatory administration of levonorgestrel on the menstrual cycle","volume":"63","author":"Hapangama","year":"2001","journal-title":"Contraception"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2005.11.003_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1016\/S0010-7824(01)00250-5","article-title":"On the mechanisms of action of short-term levonorgestrel administration in emergency contraception","volume":"64","author":"Durand","year":"2001","journal-title":"Contraception"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2005.11.003_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1016\/S0029-7844(02)02006-9","article-title":"Emergency contraception with mifepristone and levonorgestrel: mechanism of action","volume":"100","author":"Marions","year":"2002","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2005.11.003_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"373","DOI":"10.1016\/j.contraception.2003.11.018","article-title":"Effect of emergency contraception with levonorgestrel or mifepristone on ovarian function","volume":"69","author":"Marions","year":"2004","journal-title":"Contraception"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2005.11.003_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"442","DOI":"10.1016\/j.contraception.2004.05.007","article-title":"Pituitary-ovarian function following the standard levonorgestrel emergency contraceptive dose or a single 0.75 mg dose given on the days preceding ovulation","volume":"70","author":"Croxatto","year":"2004","journal-title":"Contraception"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2005.11.003_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"451","DOI":"10.1016\/j.contraception.2005.01.003","article-title":"Late follicular phase administration of levonorgestrel as an emergency contraceptive changes the secretory pattern of glycodelin in serum and endometrium during the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle","volume":"71","author":"Duran","year":"2005","journal-title":"Contraception"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2005.11.003_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"415","DOI":"10.1016\/S0010-7824(03)00021-0","article-title":"Postcoital treatment with levonorgestrel does not disrupt postfertilization events in the rat","volume":"67","author":"M\u00fcller","year":"2003","journal-title":"Contraception"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2005.11.003_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1352","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/deh180","article-title":"Post-coital administration of levonorgestrel does not interfere with post-fertilization events in the new-world monkey Cebus apella","volume":"19","author":"Ortiz","year":"2004","journal-title":"Human Reprod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2005.11.003_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"453","DOI":"10.1016\/S0010-7824(02)00408-0","article-title":"The effects of levonorgestrel on various sperm functions","volume":"66","author":"Yeung","year":"2002","journal-title":"Contraception"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2005.11.003_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1016\/S0010-7824(03)00105-7","article-title":"The in vitro effect of levonorgestrel on the acrosome reaction of human spermatozoa from fertile men","volume":"68","author":"Bahamondes","year":"2003","journal-title":"Contraception"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2005.11.003_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"433","DOI":"10.1016\/S0010-7824(02)00431-6","article-title":"Scanning electron microscopic (SEM) changes of the endometrium in women taking high doses of levonorgestrel as emergency postcoital contraception","volume":"66","author":"Ugocsai","year":"2002","journal-title":"Contraception"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2005.11.003_bib47","series-title":"Report of the International Conference on Population and Development, Cairo, September, 1994","author":"United Nations","year":"1994"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2005.11.003_bib48","unstructured":"Economic and Social Council. Official Records, 2000. Supplement No. 7. Commission on the Status of Women. Report on the forty-fourth session (28 February\u20132 March 2000). NO ESTOY SEGURA QUE EST\u00cb AQU\u00cd, pero en rojo lo que vale: United Nations. New York, 2000."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2005.11.003_bib49_1","series-title":"Carta de IPFF de Derechos Sexuales y Reproductivos. Visi\u00f3n a\u00f1o 2000","author":"Federaci\u00f3n Internacional de Planificaci\u00f3n de la Familia (IPPF)","year":"1996"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2005.11.003_bib49_2","unstructured":"Esta publicaci\u00f3n no la pude encontrar en la pag. web de IPPF, pero s\u00ed aparece el actual IPPF Charter on Sexual and Reproductive Rights en http:\/\/www.ippf.org\/ContentController.aspx?ID=6271 (visitado en Enero 2006)."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2005.11.003_bib50","series-title":"Recommendations on Ethical Issues in Obstetrics and Gynecology","author":"International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO)","year":"2003"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2005.11.003_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1016\/S0020-7292(01)00481-7","article-title":"Emergency contraception","volume":"75","author":"Cook","year":"2001","journal-title":"Int J Gynecol Obstet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2005.11.003_bib52","unstructured":"Convenci\u00f3n Sobre la Eliminaci\u00f3n de Todas las Formas de Discriminaci\u00f3n Contra la Mujer (CEDAW). Vig\u00e9simo Per\u00edodo de Sesiones, June 1999. En: http:\/\/www.un.org\/womenwatch\/daw\/cedaw\/reports\/20report.pdf (\u00faltima visita Enero 2006). The present document is the report of the Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women on the work of its twentieth session. The final report will be issued as Official Records of the General Assembly, Fifty-fourth Session, Supplement No. 38 (A\/54\/38) and will include the report of the Committee on its tewnty-first session (A\/54\/38 (Part II))."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2005.11.003_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01990143","article-title":"Quality of care in family planning: clients' rights and providers' needs","volume":"9","author":"Huezo","year":"1993","journal-title":"Adv Contraception"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2005.11.003_bib54","article-title":"\u00c9tica en la regulaci\u00f3n de la fertilidad","author":"D\u00edaz","year":"2004"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2005.11.003_bib55","unstructured":"Consorcio Latinoamericano sobre Anticoncepci\u00f3n de Emergencia (CLAE). Promoci\u00f3n y Defensa de la AE en Am\u00e9rica Latina y el Caribe (Fichas Tem\u00e1ticas). Ficha No. 5: Consideraciones \u00cbticas en Anticoncepci\u00f3n de Emergencia, 2004. En: http:\/\/www.clae.info\/Ficha%20numero5.pdf (\u00faltima visita, Sept. 8, 2005 o Enero 23, 2006)."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2005.11.003_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1016\/S0020-7292(03)00221-2","article-title":"Emergency contraception \u2013 clinical and ethical aspects","volume":"82","author":"Faundes","year":"2003","journal-title":"Int J Gynecol Obstet"}],"container-title":["Best Practice & Research Clinical Obstetrics & Gynaecology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1521693405001689?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1521693405001689?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,16]],"date-time":"2019-04-16T21:32:31Z","timestamp":1555450351000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1521693405001689"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2006,6]]},"references-count":57,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,6]]}},"alternative-id":["S1521693405001689"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2005.11.003","relation":{},"ISSN":["1521-6934"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1521-6934","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2006,6]]}}}