{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]],"date-time":"2026-09-15T12:38:37Z","timestamp":1789475917118,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":96,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,1]],"date-time":"2023-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1690848000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,1]],"date-time":"2023-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1690848000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,1]],"date-time":"2023-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1690848000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,1]],"date-time":"2023-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1690848000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,1]],"date-time":"2023-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1690848000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,1]],"date-time":"2023-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1690848000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,1]],"date-time":"2023-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1690848000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Best Practice &amp; Research Clinical Obstetrics &amp; Gynaecology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,8]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2023.102398","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,3]],"date-time":"2023-08-03T23:55:06Z","timestamp":1691106906000},"page":"102398","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Cesarean scar disorder: Management and repair"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"90","author":[{"given":"Olivier","family":"Donnez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2023.102398_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9378(16)36308-6","article-title":"The value of hysterography in the prediction of cesarean section wound defects","volume":"81","author":"Poidevin","year":"1961","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2023.102398_bib2","series-title":"WHO Statement on caesarean section rates","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2015"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2023.102398_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0148343","article-title":"The increasing trend in caesarean section rates: global, regional and national estimates: 1990-2014","volume":"11","author":"Betr\u00e1n","year":"2016","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2023.102398_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1058","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.2.5159.1058","article-title":"Caesarean section scar safety","volume":"2","author":"Poidevin","year":"1959","journal-title":"Br Med J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2023.102398_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2016.09.033","article-title":"Gynecological and obstetrical outcomes after laparoscopic repair of a cesarean scar defect in a series of 38 women","volume":"107","author":"Donnez","year":"2017","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2023.102398_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.7496","article-title":"Cesarean section scar defects: agreement between transvaginal sonographic findings with and without saline contrast enhancement","volume":"35","author":"Osser","year":"2010","journal-title":"Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2023.102398_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1137","DOI":"10.1097\/00006250-200311001-00005","article-title":"Cesarean scar dehiscence and irregular uterine bleeding","volume":"102","author":"Van Horenbeeck","year":"2003","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2023.102398_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"324","DOI":"10.1515\/JPM.2005.058","article-title":"Laparoscopic and vaginal repair of uterine scar dehiscence following cesarean section as detected by ultrasound","volume":"33","author":"Klemm","year":"2005","journal-title":"J\u00a0Perinat Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2023.102398_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"974","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2007.04.024","article-title":"Laparoscopic repair of wide and deep uterine scar dehiscence after cesarean section","volume":"89","author":"Donnez","year":"2008","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2023.102398_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1097\/00004347-199501000-00004","article-title":"Surgical pathology of the lower uterine segment caesarean section scar: is the scar a source of clinical symptoms?","author":"Morris","year":"1995","journal-title":"Int J Gynecol Pathol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2023.102398_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"172","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmig.2007.10.004","article-title":"Resectoscopic correction of the \"isthmocele\" in women with postmenstrual abnormal uterine bleeding and secondary infertility","volume":"15","author":"Gubbini","year":"2008","journal-title":"J\u00a0Minim Invasive Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2023.102398_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"180","DOI":"10.1097\/GCO.0b013e3283521202","article-title":"Hysteroscopic treatment of the cesarean-induced isthmocele in restoring infertility","volume":"24","author":"Florio","year":"2012","journal-title":"Curr Opin Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2023.102398_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"588","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gyobfe.2013.08.005","article-title":"Uterine ishtmique transmural hernia: results of its repair on symptoms and fertility","volume":"41","author":"Jeremy","year":"2013","journal-title":"Gynecol Obstet Fertil"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2023.102398_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"454","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmig.2012.03.012","article-title":"Vaginal repair of cesarean section scar diverticula","volume":"19","author":"Luo","year":"2012","journal-title":"J\u00a0Minim Invasive Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2023.102398_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"695","DOI":"10.7863\/jum.2003.22.7.695","article-title":"The cesarean delivery scar pouch: clinical implications and diagnostic correlation between transvaginal sonography and hysteroscopy","volume":"22","author":"Fabres","year":"2003","journal-title":"J\u00a0Ultrasound Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2023.102398_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1105","DOI":"10.7863\/jum.2001.20.10.1105","article-title":"Saline infusion sonohysterography in nonpregnant women with previous cesarean delivery: the \"niche\" in the scar","volume":"20","author":"Monteagudo","year":"2001","journal-title":"J\u00a0Ultrasound Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2023.102398_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.8864","article-title":"Ultrasound evaluation of the Cesarean scar: relation between a niche and postmenstrual spotting","volume":"37","author":"Bij de Vaate","year":"2011","journal-title":"Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2023.102398_bib74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"704","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2020.01.037","article-title":"Cesarean scar defects: management of an iatrogenic pathology whose prevalence has dramatically increased","volume":"113","author":"Donnez","year":"2020","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2023.102398_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2023.5321","article-title":"Definition and criteria for diagnosing cesarean scar disorder","volume":"6","author":"Klein Meuleman","year":"2023","journal-title":"JAMA Netw Open"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2023.102398_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"841","DOI":"10.1007\/s00404-022-06822-8","article-title":"Frequency and associated symptoms of isthmoceles in women 6 months after caesarean section: a prospective cohort study","volume":"307","author":"Gozzi","year":"2023","journal-title":"Arch Gynecol Obstet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2023.102398_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.6395","article-title":"High prevalence of defects in Cesarean section scars at transvaginal ultrasound examination","volume":"34","author":"Osser","year":"2009","journal-title":"Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2023.102398_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"458.e1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2018.09.004","article-title":"Cesarean scar defect: a prospective study on risk factors","volume":"219","author":"Antila-L\u00e5ngsj\u00f6","year":"2018","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2023.102398_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1119","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.2010.02631.x","article-title":"Risk factors for incomplete healing of the uterine incision after caesarean section","volume":"117","author":"Vikhareva Osser","year":"2010","journal-title":"BJOG"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2023.102398_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"438","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.20184","article-title":"Hysterotomy level at Cesarean section and occurrence of large scar defects: a randomized single-blind trial","volume":"53","author":"Vikhareva","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2023.102398_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"453","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2014.06.014","article-title":"Impact of single- vs double-layer closure on adverse outcomes and uterine scar defect: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"211","author":"Roberge","year":"2014","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2023.102398_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"507.e1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2015.10.916","article-title":"Impact of uterine closure on residual myometrial thickness after cesarean: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"214","author":"Roberge","year":"2016","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2023.102398_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1484","DOI":"10.1111\/aogs.13213","article-title":"Longitudinal transvaginal ultrasound evaluation of Cesarean scar niche incidence and depth in the first two years after single- or double-layer uterotomy closure: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"96","author":"Bamberg","year":"2017","journal-title":"Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2023.102398_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"578","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.17401","article-title":"Risk of Cesarean scar defect following single- vs double-layer uterine closure: systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials","volume":"50","author":"Di Spiezio Sardo","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2023.102398_bib29","article-title":"Double-layered purse string uterine suture compared with single-layer continuous uterine suture: a randomized Controlled trial","volume":"51","author":"Dimassi","year":"2022","journal-title":"J\u00a0Gynecol Obstet Hum Reprod"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2023.102398_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2022.100592","article-title":"Monofilament vs multifilament suture for uterine closure at the time of cesarean delivery: a randomized clinical trial","volume":"4","author":"Saccone","year":"2022","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol MFM"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2023.102398_bib31","article-title":"A\u00a0comparison of the effects of two suture materials on isthmocele formation: a cohort study","volume":"50","author":"Hosseini","year":"2021","journal-title":"J\u00a0Gynecol Obstet Hum Reprod"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2023.102398_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1763","DOI":"10.1002\/jum.15859","article-title":"The impact of uterine incision closure techniques on post-cesarean delivery niche formation and size: sonohysterographic examination of nonpregnant women","volume":"41","author":"Antoine","year":"2022","journal-title":"J\u00a0Ultrasound Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2023.102398_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"320.e1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2009.06.014","article-title":"Prediction of complete uterine rupture by sonographic evaluation of the lower uterine segment","volume":"201","author":"Bujold","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2023.102398_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"431","DOI":"10.1097\/00007611-200295040-00012","article-title":"Uterine rupture and dehiscence: ten-year review and case-control study","volume":"95","author":"Diaz","year":"2002","journal-title":"South Med J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2023.102398_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"672","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.12423","article-title":"Predicting successful vaginal birth after Cesarean section using a model based on Cesarean scar features examined by transvaginal sonography","volume":"41","author":"Naji","year":"2013","journal-title":"Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2023.102398_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"645","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcp\/aqaa080","article-title":"Histologic findings of uterine niches","volume":"154","author":"Karpathiou","year":"2020","journal-title":"Am J Clin Pathol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2023.102398_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1363","DOI":"10.1111\/jog.12738","article-title":"New diagnostic criteria and operative strategy for cesarean scar syndrome: endoscopic repair for secondary infertility caused by cesarean scar defect","volume":"41","author":"Tanimura","year":"2015","journal-title":"J\u00a0Obstet Gynaecol Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2023.102398_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"386","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmig.2012.12.006","article-title":"Laparoscopic repair of post-cesarean section uterine scar defects diagnosed in nonpregnant women","volume":"20","author":"Marotta","year":"2013","journal-title":"J\u00a0Minim Invasive Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2023.102398_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1943","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/det130","article-title":"Impact of Caesarean section on subsequent fertility: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"28","author":"Gurol-Urganci","year":"2013","journal-title":"Hum Reprod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2023.102398_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1320","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/deu057","article-title":"A\u00a0population-based cohort study of the effect of Caesarean section on subsequent fertility","volume":"29","author":"Gurol-Urganci","year":"2014","journal-title":"Hum Reprod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2023.102398_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"234","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(13)60441-9","article-title":"Caesarean section surgical techniques (CORONIS): a fractional, factorial, unmasked, randomised controlled trial","volume":"382","author":"Abalos","year":"2013","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2023.102398_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"372","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.13199","article-title":"Prevalence, potential risk factors for development and symptoms related to the presence of uterine niches following Cesarean section: systematic review","volume":"43","author":"Bij de Vaate","year":"2014","journal-title":"Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2023.102398_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1093\/molehr\/gan033","article-title":"Potential involvement of iron in the pathogenesis of peritoneal endometriosis","volume":"14","author":"Defrere","year":"2008","journal-title":"Mol Hum Reprod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2023.102398_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"712","DOI":"10.1016\/S0015-0282(02)03346-0","article-title":"Iron overload in the peritoneal cavity of women with pelvic endometriosis","volume":"78","author":"Van Langendonckt","year":"2002","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2023.102398_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2018.04.041","article-title":"Relevance of assessing the uterine microbiota in infertility","volume":"110","author":"Moreno","year":"2018","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2023.102398_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"525","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0b013e318209abf0","article-title":"Clinical importance of appearance of cesarean hysterotomy scar at transvaginal ultrasonography in nonpregnant women","volume":"117","author":"Vikhareva Osser","year":"2011","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2023.102398_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijgo.2014.02.022","article-title":"The consequences of previous uterine scar dehiscence and cesarean delivery on subsequent births","volume":"126","author":"Baron","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int J Gynaecol Obstet"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2023.102398_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2022.07.011","article-title":"Change of the residual myometrial thickness during pregnancy in women who underwent laparoscopic niche resection compared with controls without niche surgery: a prospective comparative cohort study","volume":"227","author":"Jordans","year":"2022","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2023.102398_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.19181","article-title":"Evaluation of uterine niche by three-dimensional sonohysterography and volumetric quantification: techniques and scoring classification system","volume":"53","author":"Ludwin","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2023.102398_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.19049","article-title":"Sonographic examination of uterine niche in non-pregnant women: a modified Delphi procedure","volume":"53","author":"Jordans","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2023.102398_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1484","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/deaa094","article-title":"Post-Caesarean section niche-related impaired fertility: hypothetical mechanisms","volume":"35","author":"Vissers","year":"2020","journal-title":"Hum Reprod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2023.102398_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"541","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tjog.2019.05.020","article-title":"Association between hysteroscopic findings of previous cesarean delivery scar defects and abnormal uterine bleeding","volume":"58","author":"Chen","year":"2019","journal-title":"Taiwan J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2023.102398_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"477","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2006.01.020","article-title":"Preliminary report of treatment with oral contraceptive pills for intermenstrual vaginal bleeding secondary to a cesarean section scar","volume":"86","author":"Tahara","year":"2006","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2023.102398_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"336","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijgo.2016.04.011","article-title":"Prospective evaluation of five methods used to treat cesarean scar defects","volume":"134","author":"Zhang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int J Gynaecol Obstet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2023.102398_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2015","DOI":"10.1111\/jog.14060","article-title":"Preliminary report on the use of a levonorgestrel intrauterine system for the treatment of intermenstrual bleeding due to previous cesarean delivery scar defect","volume":"45","author":"Chen","year":"2019","journal-title":"J\u00a0Obstet Gynaecol Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2023.102398_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1111\/jog.15062","article-title":"Levonorgestrel intrauterine system for the treatment of intermenstrual spotting in patients with previous cesarean delivery scar defect","volume":"48","author":"Ou","year":"2022","journal-title":"J\u00a0Obstet Gynaecol Res"},{"issue":"23","key":"10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2023.102398_bib58","first-page":"167","article-title":"Comparing levonorgestrel intrauterine system with hysteroscopic niche resection in women with postmenstrual spotting related to a niche in the uterine cesarean scar: a randomized, open-label, controlled trial","author":"Zhang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2023.102398_bib59","first-page":"S13","article-title":"Hysteroscopic correction of cesarean section scars in women with abnormal uterine bleeding","volume":"3","author":"Fernandez","year":"1996","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Assoc Gynecol Laparosc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2023.102398_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"234","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmig.2010.10.011","article-title":"Surgical hysteroscopic treatment of cesarean-induced isthmocele in restoring fertility: prospective study","volume":"18","author":"Gubbini","year":"2011","journal-title":"J\u00a0Minim Invasive Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2023.102398_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"218","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2010.10.016","article-title":"Challenges in the transvaginal management of abnormal uterine bleeding secondary to cesarean section scar defect","volume":"154","author":"Wang","year":"2011","journal-title":"Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2023.102398_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.1515\/jpm-2013-0081","article-title":"Hysteroscopic and laparoscopic management of uterine defects on previous cesarean delivery scars","volume":"42","author":"Li","year":"2014","journal-title":"J\u00a0Perinat Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2023.102398_bib63","first-page":"3341","article-title":"Clinical outcomes after resectoscopic treatment of cesarean-induced isthmocele: a prospective case-control study","volume":"21","author":"Muzii","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2023.102398_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1111\/jog.13464","article-title":"Impact of hysteroscopic surgery for isthmocele associated with cesarean scar syndrome","volume":"44","author":"Tsuji","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Obstet Gynaecol Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2023.102398_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"326","DOI":"10.1111\/1471-0528.14733","article-title":"Hysteroscopic resection of a uterine caesarean scar defect (niche) in women with postmenstrual spotting: a randomised controlled trial","volume":"125","author":"Vervoort","year":"2018","journal-title":"BJOG"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2023.102398_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"370.e1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2008.11.038","article-title":"Resectoscopic treatment combined with sonohysterographic evaluation of women with postmenstrual bleeding as a result of previous cesarean delivery scar defects","volume":"200","author":"Chang","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2023.102398_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"498","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmig.2012.03.010","article-title":"Hysteroscopic treatment of postcesarean scar defect","volume":"19","author":"Feng","year":"2012","journal-title":"J\u00a0Minim Invasive Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2023.102398_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmig.2014.09.011","article-title":"Hysteroscopic treatment of symptomatic cesarean-induced isthmocele: a prospective study","volume":"22","author":"Raimondo","year":"2015","journal-title":"J\u00a0Minim Invasive Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2023.102398_bib69","first-page":"47","article-title":"Laparoscopic combined with hysteroscopic repair or operative hysteroscopy in the treatment of symptomatic cesarean-induced diverticulum","volume":"34","author":"Lv","year":"2018","journal-title":"Med Sci"},{"issue":"19","key":"10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2023.102398_bib70","first-page":"30118","article-title":"Clinical success rate of extensive hysteroscopic cesarean scar defect excision and correlation to histologic findings","author":"Shapira","year":"2019","journal-title":"J\u00a0Minim Invasive Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2023.102398_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2017.08.010","article-title":"Feasibility and efficacy of repeated hysteroscopic cesarean niche resection","volume":"217","author":"Cohen","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2023.102398_bib72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"326","DOI":"10.1002\/ijgo.14387","article-title":"Postoperative morphologic changes of the isthmocele and clinical impact in patients treated by channel-like (360\u00b0) hysteroscopic technique","volume":"160","author":"Casadio","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int J Gynaecol Obstet"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2023.102398_bib73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1397","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmig.2020.11.005","article-title":"Is hysteroscopy a good option to manage severe cesarean scar defect?","volume":"28","author":"Zeller","year":"2021","journal-title":"J\u00a0Minim Invasive Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2023.102398_bib18","first-page":"367","article-title":"Laparoscopic repair of a uteroperitoneal fistula","volume":"7","author":"Jacobson","year":"2003","journal-title":"J\u00a0Soc Laparoendosc Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2023.102398_bib75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1111\/1471-0528.14822","article-title":"The effect of laparoscopic resection of large niches in the uterine caesarean scar on symptoms, ultrasound findings and quality of life: a prospective cohort study","volume":"125","author":"Vervoort","year":"2018","journal-title":"BJOG"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2023.102398_bib76","first-page":"265","article-title":"Robotic-assisted laparoscopic repair of symptomatic cesarean scar defect: a report of two cases","volume":"56","author":"Yalcinkaya","year":"2011","journal-title":"J\u00a0Reprod Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2023.102398_bib77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1719","DOI":"10.1111\/jog.13146","article-title":"Laparoscopic repair with hysteroscopy of cesarean scar diverticulum","volume":"42","author":"Liu","year":"2016","journal-title":"J\u00a0Obstet Gynaecol Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2023.102398_bib78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"535","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmig.2016.01.007","article-title":"A\u00a0comparative study of transvaginal repair and laparoscopic repair in the management of patients with previous cesarean scar defect","volume":"23","author":"Zhang","year":"2016","journal-title":"J\u00a0Minim Invasive Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2023.102398_bib79","article-title":"Efficacy of combined laparoscopic and hysteroscopic repair of post-cesarean section uterine diverticulum: a retrospective analysis","volume":"2016","author":"Li","year":"2016","journal-title":"BioMed Res Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2023.102398_bib80","first-page":"4061","article-title":"Outcomes of laparoscopic treatment in women with cesarean scar syndrome","volume":"23","author":"Dosedla","year":"2017","journal-title":"Med Sci Mon Int Med J Exp Clin Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2023.102398_bib81","first-page":"262","article-title":"Laparoscopic treatment of cesarean scar pouch - a case series study of 9 patients","volume":"45","author":"Delaine","year":"2017","journal-title":"Gynecol Obstet Fertil Senol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2023.102398_bib82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"770","DOI":"10.1007\/s00464-015-4226-6","article-title":"The Rendez-vous technique for treatment of caesarean scar defects: a novel combined endoscopic approach","volume":"30","author":"Nirgianakis","year":"2016","journal-title":"Surg Endosc"},{"issue":"24","key":"10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2023.102398_bib83","first-page":"5785","article-title":"Laparoscopic isthmocele repair: efficacy and benefits before and after subsequent cesarean section","volume":"10","author":"Karampelas","year":"2021","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2023.102398_bib84","article-title":"Robot-assisted laparoscopic repair of cesarean scar defect: a systematic review of clinical evidence","author":"Gkegkes","year":"2022","journal-title":"J\u00a0Robot Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2023.102398_bib85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"324","DOI":"10.1515\/JPM.2005.058","article-title":"Laparoscopic and vaginal repair of uterine scar dehiscence following cesarean section as detected by ultrasound","volume":"33","author":"Klemm","year":"2005","journal-title":"J\u00a0Perinat Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2023.102398_bib86","first-page":"1395","article-title":"Transvaginal management of cesarean scar section diverticulum: a novel surgical treatment","volume":"20","author":"Chen","year":"2014","journal-title":"Med Sci Mon Int Med J Exp Clin Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2023.102398_bib89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"407","DOI":"10.1186\/s12884-018-2015-7","article-title":"Obstetrical outcomes after vaginal repair of caesarean scar diverticula in reproductive-aged women","volume":"18","author":"Zhou","year":"2018","journal-title":"BMC Pregnancy Childbirth"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2023.102398_bib90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"526","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmig.2018.06.012","article-title":"Vaginal repair of cesarean section scar diverticula diagnosed in non-pregnant women","volume":"26","author":"Chen","year":"2019","journal-title":"J\u00a0Minim Invasive Gynecol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2023.102398_bib91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1051","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmig.2020.12.009","article-title":"Obstetric and gynecologic outcomes after the transvaginal repair of cesarean scar defect in a series of 183 women","volume":"28","author":"Deng","year":"2021","journal-title":"J\u00a0Minim Invasive Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2023.102398_bib87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"454","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmig.2012.03.012","article-title":"Vaginal repair of cesarean section scar diverticula","volume":"19","author":"Luo","year":"2012","journal-title":"J\u00a0Minim Invasive Gynecol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2023.102398_bib92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"328","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2022.11.016","article-title":"A\u00a0novel approach using vaginal natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery to repair a symptomatic uterine isthmocele","volume":"119","author":"Baekelandt","year":"2023","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2023.102398_bib93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"492","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.2008.01966.x","article-title":"A\u00a0series of 3190 laparoscopic hysterectomies for benign disease from 1990 to 2006: evaluation of complications compared with vaginal and abdominal procedures","volume":"116","author":"Donnez","year":"2009","journal-title":"BJOG"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2023.102398_bib94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"752","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.2010.02520.x","article-title":"A\u00a0series of 400 laparoscopic hysterectomies for benign disease: a single centre, single surgeon prospective study of complications confirming previous retrospective study","volume":"117","author":"Donnez","year":"2010","journal-title":"BJOG"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2023.102398_bib95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1293","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmig.2015.06.021","article-title":"Low pain score after total laparoscopic hysterectomy and same-day discharge within less than 5 hours: results of a prospective observational study","volume":"22","author":"Donnez","year":"2015","journal-title":"J\u00a0Minim Invasive Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2023.102398_bib96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"564.e1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2017.07.021","article-title":"Effect of remote cesarean delivery on complications during hysterectomy: a cohort study","volume":"217","author":"Hesselman","year":"2017","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2023.102398_bib97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2014.11.005","article-title":"Hysterectomy in patients with previous cesarean section: comparison between laparoscopic and vaginal approaches","volume":"184","author":"Bogani","year":"2015","journal-title":"Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2023.102398_bib98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1148","DOI":"10.1001\/jamasurg.2017.2825","article-title":"Association of previous cesarean delivery with surgical complications after a hysterectomy later in life","volume":"152","author":"Lindquist","year":"2017","journal-title":"JAMA Surg"}],"container-title":["Best Practice &amp; Research Clinical Obstetrics &amp; Gynaecology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1521693423001062?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1521693423001062?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,26]],"date-time":"2025-10-26T17:16:01Z","timestamp":1761498961000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1521693423001062"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,8]]},"references-count":96,"alternative-id":["S1521693423001062"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2023.102398","relation":{},"ISSN":["1521-6934"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1521-6934","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Cesarean scar disorder: Management and repair","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Best Practice & Research Clinical Obstetrics & Gynaecology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2023.102398","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2023 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"102398"}}