{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T01:36:49Z","timestamp":1777599409549,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,1]],"date-time":"2019-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1551398400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,8]],"date-time":"2018-08-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1533686400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01MH091872 and R21DA042274"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01MH091872 and R21DA042274"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01DA036017"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01DA036017"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RC1DA028387"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RC1DA028387"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01DA023624"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01DA023624"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Biological Psychiatry: Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroimaging"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,3]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.bpsc.2018.07.009","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,2]],"date-time":"2018-08-02T22:06:34Z","timestamp":1533247594000},"page":"291-299","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["In Cocaine Dependence, Neural Prediction Errors During Loss Avoidance Are Increased With Cocaine Deprivation and Predict Drug Use"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"4","author":[{"given":"John M.","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lusha","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0968-1095","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vanessa M.","family":"Brown","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1943-4469","authenticated-orcid":false,"suffix":"II","given":"Richard","family":"De La Garza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"Newton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Brooks","family":"King-Casas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pearl H.","family":"Chiu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpsc.2018.07.009_bib1","series-title":"Theory of Addiction","author":"West","year":"2005"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpsc.2018.07.009_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"695","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2011.02.009","article-title":"Neuroscience of behavioral and pharmacological treatments for addictions","volume":"69","author":"Potenza","year":"2011","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpsc.2018.07.009_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"358","DOI":"10.1038\/nn.3014","article-title":"The impact of orbitofrontal dysfunction on cocaine addiction","volume":"15","author":"Lucantonio","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nat Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpsc.2018.07.009_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"565","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.neuro.29.051605.113009","article-title":"Neural mechanisms of addiction: The role of reward-related learning and memory","volume":"29","author":"Hyman","year":"2006","journal-title":"Annu Rev Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpsc.2018.07.009_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"760","DOI":"10.1038\/nature03015","article-title":"Computational roles for dopamine in behavioural control","volume":"431","author":"Montague","year":"2004","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpsc.2018.07.009_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1593","DOI":"10.1126\/science.275.5306.1593","article-title":"A\u00a0neural substrate of prediction and reward","volume":"275","author":"Schultz","year":"1997","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpsc.2018.07.009_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1042","DOI":"10.1038\/nature05051","article-title":"Dopamine-dependent prediction errors underpin reward-seeking behaviour in humans","volume":"442","author":"Pessiglione","year":"2006","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpsc.2018.07.009_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.3389\/fnsyn.2014.00019","article-title":"Cocaine inhibition of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors influences dopamine release","volume":"6","author":"Acevedo-Rodriguez","year":"2014","journal-title":"Front Synaptic Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpsc.2018.07.009_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"557","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.mp.4001507","article-title":"Dopamine in drug abuse and addiction: Results from imaging studies and treatment implications","volume":"9","author":"Volkow","year":"2004","journal-title":"Mol Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpsc.2018.07.009_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"634","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.2010.10050748","article-title":"Imaging dopamine transmission in cocaine dependence: Link between neurochemistry and response to treatment","volume":"168","author":"Martinez","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am J Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpsc.2018.07.009_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15827","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.1935-13.2013","article-title":"Chronic cocaine dampens dopamine signaling during cocaine intoxication and unbalances D1 over D2 receptor signaling","volume":"33","author":"Park","year":"2013","journal-title":"J\u00a0Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpsc.2018.07.009_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"130","DOI":"10.1037\/rev0000046","article-title":"Cocaine addiction as a homeostatic reinforcement learning disorder","volume":"124","author":"Keramati","year":"2017","journal-title":"Psychol Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpsc.2018.07.009_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1007\/7854_2009_27","article-title":"Dopamine signaling in the nucleus accumbens of animals self-administering drugs of abuse","volume":"11","author":"Willuhn","year":"2010","journal-title":"Curr Top Behav Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpsc.2018.07.009_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"417","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.neuro.29.051605.112903","article-title":"Imaging valuation models in human choice","volume":"29","author":"Montague","year":"2006","journal-title":"Annu Rev Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpsc.2018.07.009_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13151","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.0757-14.2014","article-title":"Differential modulation of reinforcement learning by D2 dopamine and NMDA glutamate receptor antagonism","volume":"34","author":"Jocham","year":"2014","journal-title":"J\u00a0Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpsc.2018.07.009_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1872","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.2777-14.2015","article-title":"Impaired neural response to negative prediction errors in cocaine addiction","volume":"35","author":"Parvaz","year":"2015","journal-title":"J\u00a0Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpsc.2018.07.009_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1356","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.2013.12091257","article-title":"Reduced neural tracking of prediction error in substance-dependent individuals","volume":"170","author":"Tanabe","year":"2013","journal-title":"Am J Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpsc.2018.07.009_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1732","DOI":"10.1038\/npp.2014.21","article-title":"Temporal difference error prediction signal dysregulation in cocaine dependence","volume":"39","author":"Rose","year":"2014","journal-title":"Neuropsychopharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpsc.2018.07.009_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pscychresns.2014.04.014","article-title":"Cocaine dependent individuals with attenuated striatal activation during reinforcement learning are more susceptible to relapse","volume":"223","author":"Stewart","year":"2014","journal-title":"Psychiatry Res Neuroimaging"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpsc.2018.07.009_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.30150","article-title":"Associability-modulated loss learning is increased in posttraumatic stress disorder","volume":"7","author":"Brown","year":"2018","journal-title":"eLife"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpsc.2018.07.009_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"551","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.5498-10.2012","article-title":"Neural prediction errors reveal a risk-sensitive reinforcement-learning process in the human brain","volume":"32","author":"Niv","year":"2012","journal-title":"J\u00a0Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpsc.2018.07.009_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1807","DOI":"10.1162\/jocn_a_00447","article-title":"Neural and psychological maturation of decision-making in adolescence and young adulthood","volume":"25","author":"Christakou","year":"2013","journal-title":"J\u00a0Cogn Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpsc.2018.07.009_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1014938108","article-title":"How instructed knowledge modulates the neural systems of reward learning","volume":"108","author":"Li","year":"2011","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.bpsc.2018.07.009_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1005684","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pcbi.1005684","article-title":"Confirmation bias in human reinforcement learning","volume":"13","author":"Palminteri","year":"2017","journal-title":"PLoS Comput Biol Aug 11"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpsc.2018.07.009_bib25","volume":"Vol. 1","author":"Sutton","year":"1998"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpsc.2018.07.009_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8145","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.2978-14.2015","article-title":"Reinforcement learning in multidimensional environments relies on attention mechanisms","volume":"35","author":"Niv","year":"2015","journal-title":"J\u00a0Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpsc.2018.07.009_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"733","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2009.05.014","article-title":"How green is the grass on the other side? Frontopolar cortex and the evidence in favor of alternative courses of action","volume":"62","author":"Boorman","year":"2009","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpsc.2018.07.009_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2015.02.007","article-title":"Cortical delta activity reflects reward prediction error and related behavioral adjustments, but at different times","volume":"110","author":"Cavanagh","year":"2015","journal-title":"NeuroImage"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpsc.2018.07.009_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"160","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cognition.2016.04.002","article-title":"Neural signature of hierarchically structured expectations predicts clustering and transfer of rule sets in reinforcement learning","volume":"152","author":"Collins","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cognition"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpsc.2018.07.009_bib30","series-title":"Decision Making, Affect, and Learning: Attention & Performance XXIII","first-page":"3","article-title":"Trial-by-trial data analysis using computational models","author":"Daw","year":"2011"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpsc.2018.07.009_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1037\/a0020684","article-title":"A\u00a0model-based fMRI analysis with hierarchical Bayesian parameter estimation","volume":"4","author":"Ahn","year":"2011","journal-title":"J\u00a0Neurosci Psychol Econ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpsc.2018.07.009_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.460020402","article-title":"Statistical parametric maps in functional imaging: A general linear approach","volume":"2","author":"Friston","year":"1994","journal-title":"Hum Brain Mapp"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpsc.2018.07.009_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1233","DOI":"10.1016\/S1053-8119(03)00169-1","article-title":"An automated method for neuroanatomic and cytoarchitectonic atlas-based interrogation of fMRI data sets","volume":"19","author":"Maldjian","year":"2003","journal-title":"NeuroImage"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpsc.2018.07.009_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1297","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2013.03.023","article-title":"Prediction error in reinforcement learning: A meta-analysis of neuroimaging studies","volume":"37","author":"Garrison","year":"2013","journal-title":"Neurosci Biobehav Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpsc.2018.07.009_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"572","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2009.10.092","article-title":"Avoiding non-independence in fMRI data analysis: Leave one subject out","volume":"50","author":"Esterman","year":"2010","journal-title":"NeuroImage"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpsc.2018.07.009_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1016\/0376-8716(93)90042-O","article-title":"The development of a Cocaine Craving Questionnaire","volume":"34","author":"Tiffany","year":"1993","journal-title":"Drug Alcohol Depend"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpsc.2018.07.009_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1214\/ss\/1177013815","article-title":"Bootstrap methods for standard errors, confidence intervals, and other measures of statistical accuracy","volume":"1","author":"Efron","year":"1986","journal-title":"Stat Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpsc.2018.07.009_bib38","series-title":"Computational Statistics Handbook with MATLAB","author":"Martinez","year":"2008"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpsc.2018.07.009_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"154","DOI":"10.1038\/nn.2723","article-title":"From reinforcement learning models to psychiatric and neurological disorders","volume":"14","author":"Maia","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nat Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpsc.2018.07.009_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.1016\/S2215-0366(14)70275-5","article-title":"Computational psychiatry: The brain as a phantastic organ","volume":"1","author":"Friston","year":"2014","journal-title":"Lancet Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpsc.2018.07.009_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1162\/CPSY_a_00001","article-title":"Computational nosology and precision psychiatry","volume":"1","author":"Friston","year":"2017","journal-title":"Comput Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpsc.2018.07.009_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1944","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1102384","article-title":"Addiction as a computational process gone awry","volume":"306","author":"Redish","year":"2004","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpsc.2018.07.009_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"603","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2011.02.014","article-title":"Potential vulnerabilities of neuronal reward, risk, and decision mechanisms to addictive drugs","volume":"69","author":"Schultz","year":"2011","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpsc.2018.07.009_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2015.08.037","article-title":"Dopamine prediction errors in reward learning and addiction: From theory to neural circuitry","volume":"88","author":"Keiflin","year":"2015","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpsc.2018.07.009_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2009.12.027","article-title":"Mechanisms underlying dopamine-mediated reward bias in compulsive behaviors","volume":"65","author":"Voon","year":"2010","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpsc.2018.07.009_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1793","DOI":"10.1038\/nn.3842","article-title":"Mind matters: Placebo enhances reward learning in Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"17","author":"Schmidt","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nat Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpsc.2018.07.009_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"998","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2012.10.017","article-title":"Critical roles for anterior insula and dorsal striatum in punishment-based avoidance learning","volume":"76","author":"Palminteri","year":"2012","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpsc.2018.07.009_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4826","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.0400-07.2007","article-title":"Differential encoding of losses and gains in the human striatum","volume":"27","author":"Seymour","year":"2007","journal-title":"J\u00a0Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpsc.2018.07.009_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2014.12.070","article-title":"Striatal D1 and D2 signaling differentially predict learning from positive and negative outcomes","volume":"109","author":"Cox","year":"2015","journal-title":"NeuroImage"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpsc.2018.07.009_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cobeha.2015.08.006","article-title":"The good, the bad and the brain: Neural correlates of appetitive and aversive values underlying decision making","volume":"5","author":"Pessiglione","year":"2015","journal-title":"Curr Opin Behav Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpsc.2018.07.009_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1468","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aaf3700","article-title":"Carrots and sticks fail to change behavior in cocaine addiction","volume":"352","author":"Ersche","year":"2016","journal-title":"Science"}],"container-title":["Biological Psychiatry: Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroimaging"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2451902218301848?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2451902218301848?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,8]],"date-time":"2019-08-08T16:41:43Z","timestamp":1565282503000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S2451902218301848"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,3]]},"references-count":51,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,3]]}},"alternative-id":["S2451902218301848"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bpsc.2018.07.009","relation":{},"ISSN":["2451-9022"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2451-9022","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,3]]}}}