{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,16]],"date-time":"2026-05-16T12:07:49Z","timestamp":1778933269824,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":66,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,1]],"date-time":"2023-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1680307200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,1]],"date-time":"2023-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1680307200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,24]],"date-time":"2022-01-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1642982400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000781","name":"European Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["10100118"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["10100118"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000781","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000781","name":"European Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["802998"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["802998"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000781","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006095","name":"Helse S\u00f8r-\u00d8st RHF","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2019101"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2019101"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006095","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006095","name":"Helse S\u00f8r-\u00d8st RHF","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["500189"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["500189"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006095","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006095","name":"Helse S\u00f8r-\u00d8st RHF","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2016083"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2016083"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006095","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006095","name":"Helse S\u00f8r-\u00d8st RHF","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2019069"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2019069"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006095","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006095","name":"Helse S\u00f8r-\u00d8st RHF","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2014097"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2014097"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006095","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006095","name":"Helse S\u00f8r-\u00d8st RHF","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2015044"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2015044"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006095","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006095","name":"Helse S\u00f8r-\u00d8st RHF","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2018037"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2018037"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006095","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006095","name":"Helse S\u00f8r-\u00d8st RHF","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2019107"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2019107"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006095","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006095","name":"Helse S\u00f8r-\u00d8st RHF","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2021070"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021070"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006095","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006095","name":"Helse S\u00f8r-\u00d8st RHF","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2018076"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2018076"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006095","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006095","name":"Helse S\u00f8r-\u00d8st RHF","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2020086"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020086"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006095","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006095","name":"Helse S\u00f8r-\u00d8st RHF","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2015073"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2015073"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006095","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005416","name":"Norges Forskningsr\u00e5d","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["223273"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["223273"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005416","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005416","name":"Norges Forskningsr\u00e5d","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["288083"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["288083"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005416","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005416","name":"Norges Forskningsr\u00e5d","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["249795"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["249795"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005416","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005416","name":"Norges Forskningsr\u00e5d","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["248238"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["248238"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005416","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005416","name":"Norges Forskningsr\u00e5d","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["276082"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["276082"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005416","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005416","name":"Norges Forskningsr\u00e5d","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["286838"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["286838"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005416","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005416","name":"Norges Forskningsr\u00e5d","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["323951"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["323951"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005416","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007601","name":"Horizon 2020","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007601","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100010665","name":"H2020 Marie Sk\u0142odowska-Curie Actions","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["895011"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["895011"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100010665","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Biological Psychiatry Global Open Science"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,4]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.bpsgos.2022.01.007","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,1]],"date-time":"2022-02-01T17:36:12Z","timestamp":1643736972000},"page":"255-263","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Mapping Normative Trajectories of Cognitive Function and Its Relation to Psychopathology Symptoms and Genetic Risk in Youth"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"3","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4793-4428","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rikka","family":"Kjelkenes","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7693-0621","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Thomas","family":"Wolfers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dag","family":"Aln\u00e6s","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dennis","family":"van der Meer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5240-7783","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mads Lund","family":"Pedersen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andreas","family":"Dahl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9393-5857","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Irene","family":"Voldsbekk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Torgeir","family":"Moberget","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christian K.","family":"Tamnes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ole A.","family":"Andreassen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andre F.","family":"Marquand","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8644-956X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lars T.","family":"Westlye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpsgos.2022.01.007_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tics.2012.01.006","article-title":"Executive functions and self-regulation","volume":"16","author":"Hofmann","year":"2012","journal-title":"Trends Cogn Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpsgos.2022.01.007_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2018.09.005","article-title":"Adolescence as a neurobiological critical period for the development of higher-order cognition","volume":"94","author":"Larsen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Neurosci Biobehav Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpsgos.2022.01.007_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2820","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2021.06.016","article-title":"Neurodevelopment of the association cortices: Patterns, mechanisms, and implications for psychopathology","volume":"109","author":"Sydnor","year":"2021","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpsgos.2022.01.007_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102109","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pneurobio.2021.102109","article-title":"New insights into the dynamic development of the cerebral cortex in childhood and adolescence: Integrating macro- and microstructural MRI findings","volume":"204","author":"Norbom","year":"2021","journal-title":"Prog Neurobiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpsgos.2022.01.007_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"593","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.62.6.593","article-title":"Lifetime prevalence and age-of-onset distributions of DSM-IV disorders in the National Comorbidity Survey Replication [published correction appears in Arch Gen Psychiatry 2005; 62:768]","volume":"62","author":"Kessler","year":"2005","journal-title":"Arch Gen Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpsgos.2022.01.007_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"947","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn2513","article-title":"Why do many psychiatric disorders emerge during adolescence?","volume":"9","author":"Paus","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nat Rev Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpsgos.2022.01.007_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"727","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn.2017.125","article-title":"Genetic insights into the neurodevelopmental origins of schizophrenia","volume":"18","author":"Birnbaum","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat Rev Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpsgos.2022.01.007_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1038\/nature09552","article-title":"Rethinking schizophrenia","volume":"468","author":"Insel","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpsgos.2022.01.007_bib9","first-page":"168","article-title":"Lifetime prevalence and age-of-onset distributions of mental disorders in the World Health Organization\u2019s World Mental Health Survey Initiative","volume":"6","author":"Kessler","year":"2007","journal-title":"World Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpsgos.2022.01.007_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"252","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2019.09.006","article-title":"Characterising the structure of cognitive heterogeneity in schizophrenia spectrum disorders. A systematic review and narrative synthesis","volume":"107","author":"Carruthers","year":"2019","journal-title":"Neurosci Biobehav Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpsgos.2022.01.007_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"268","DOI":"10.1097\/YCO.0b013e3280ba4975","article-title":"Cognitive heterogeneity in schizophrenia","volume":"20","author":"Joyce","year":"2007","journal-title":"Curr Opin Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpsgos.2022.01.007_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"860","DOI":"10.1017\/S1355617720000442","article-title":"Cognitive heterogeneity across schizophrenia and bipolar disorder: A cluster analysis of intellectual trajectories","volume":"26","author":"Vaskinn","year":"2020","journal-title":"J\u00a0Int Neuropsychol Soc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpsgos.2022.01.007_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15020","DOI":"10.1038\/nrdp.2015.20","article-title":"Attention-deficit\/hyperactivity disorder","volume":"1","author":"Faraone","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nat Rev Dis Primers"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpsgos.2022.01.007_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"562","DOI":"10.1001\/archgenpsychiatry.2011.1592","article-title":"Cognitive functioning in prodromal psychosis: A meta-analysis","volume":"69","author":"Fusar-Poli","year":"2012","journal-title":"Arch Gen Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpsgos.2022.01.007_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"795","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1202753","article-title":"Clinical and biomarker changes in dominantly inherited Alzheimer\u2019s disease [published correction appears in N Engl J Med 2012; 367:780]","volume":"367","author":"Bateman","year":"2012","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpsgos.2022.01.007_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"555","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.2017.17050529","article-title":"Polygenic risk score for Alzheimer\u2019s disease: Implications for memory performance and hippocampal volumes in early life","volume":"175","author":"Axelrud","year":"2018","journal-title":"Am J Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpsgos.2022.01.007_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1972","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyz080","article-title":"Polygenic risk scores for Alzheimer\u2019s disease, and academic achievement, cognitive and behavioural measures in children from the general population","volume":"48","author":"Korologou-Linden","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int J Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpsgos.2022.01.007_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"492","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2017.08.017","article-title":"Heritability of schizophrenia and schizophrenia spectrum based on the nationwide Danish Twin Register","volume":"83","author":"Hilker","year":"2018","journal-title":"Biol Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpsgos.2022.01.007_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"180","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2019.06.010","article-title":"A\u00a0population-based heritability estimate of bipolar disorder - In a Swedish twin sample","volume":"278","author":"Johansson","year":"2019","journal-title":"Psychiatry Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpsgos.2022.01.007_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1038\/s41593-020-0599-5","article-title":"The multiplex model of the genetics of Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"23","author":"Sims","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpsgos.2022.01.007_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"421","DOI":"10.1038\/nature13595","article-title":"Biological insights from 108 schizophrenia-associated genetic loci","volume":"511","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpsgos.2022.01.007_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1038\/s41588-018-0269-7","article-title":"Discovery of the first genome-wide significant risk loci for attention deficit\/hyperactivity disorder","volume":"51","author":"Demontis","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat Genet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpsgos.2022.01.007_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"817","DOI":"10.1038\/s41588-021-00857-4","article-title":"Genome-wide association study of more than 40,000\u00a0bipolar disorder cases provides new insights into the underlying biology","volume":"53","author":"Mullins","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat Genet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpsgos.2022.01.007_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"366","DOI":"10.1038\/s41582-020-0364-0","article-title":"The polygenic architecture of schizophrenia\u2014Rethinking pathogenesis and nosology","volume":"16","author":"Smeland","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat Rev Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpsgos.2022.01.007_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1038\/s41593-018-0078-4","article-title":"Studying individual differences in human adolescent brain development","volume":"21","author":"Foulkes","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpsgos.2022.01.007_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1415","DOI":"10.1038\/s41380-019-0441-1","article-title":"Conceptualizing mental disorders as deviations from normative functioning [published correction appears in Mol Psychiatry 2019; 24:1565]","volume":"24","author":"Marquand","year":"2019","journal-title":"Mol Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpsgos.2022.01.007_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.1186\/1741-7015-11-126","article-title":"Toward the future of psychiatric diagnosis: The seven pillars of RDoC","volume":"11","author":"Cuthbert","year":"2013","journal-title":"BMC Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpsgos.2022.01.007_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapsychiatry.2017.4277","article-title":"Association of heritable cognitive ability and psychopathology with white matter properties in children and adolescents","volume":"75","author":"Aln\u00e6s","year":"2018","journal-title":"JAMA Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpsgos.2022.01.007_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1115","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2015.03.056","article-title":"The Philadelphia Neurodevelopmental Cohort: A publicly available resource for the study of normal and abnormal brain development in youth","volume":"124","author":"Satterthwaite","year":"2016","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpsgos.2022.01.007_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"544","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2013.07.064","article-title":"Neuroimaging of the Philadelphia Neurodevelopmental Cohort","volume":"86","author":"Satterthwaite","year":"2014","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpsgos.2022.01.007_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1037\/neu0000093","article-title":"Psychometric properties of the Penn Computerized Neurocognitive Battery","volume":"29","author":"Moore","year":"2015","journal-title":"Neuropsychology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpsgos.2022.01.007_bib32","series-title":"Gaussian Processes for Machine Learning","author":"Rasmussen","year":"2006"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpsgos.2022.01.007_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"552","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2015.12.023","article-title":"Understanding heterogeneity in clinical cohorts using normative models: Beyond case-control studies","volume":"80","author":"Marquand","year":"2016","journal-title":"Biol Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpsgos.2022.01.007_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1356","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpp.12416","article-title":"The Philadelphia Neurodevelopmental Cohort: Constructing a deep phenotyping collaborative","volume":"56","author":"Calkins","year":"2015","journal-title":"J\u00a0Child Psychol Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpsgos.2022.01.007_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1214","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2004.03.027","article-title":"Validating the independent components of neuroimaging time series via clustering and visualization","volume":"22","author":"Himberg","year":"2004","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpsgos.2022.01.007_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1049","DOI":"10.1038\/s41431-018-0134-2","article-title":"Effects of autozygosity and schizophrenia polygenic risk on cognitive and brain developmental trajectories","volume":"26","author":"C\u00f3rdova-Palomera","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur J Hum Genet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpsgos.2022.01.007_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"giz082","DOI":"10.1093\/gigascience\/giz082","article-title":"PRSice-2: Polygenic risk score software for biobank-scale data","volume":"8","author":"Choi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Gigascience"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpsgos.2022.01.007_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"793","DOI":"10.1038\/s41588-019-0397-8","article-title":"Genome-wide association study identifies 30 loci associated with bipolar disorder","volume":"51","author":"Stahl","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat Genet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpsgos.2022.01.007_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1452","DOI":"10.1038\/ng.2802","article-title":"Meta-analysis of 74,046 individuals identifies 11 new susceptibility loci for Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"45","author":"Lambert","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat Genet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpsgos.2022.01.007_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"739","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapsychiatry.2019.0257","article-title":"Brain heterogeneity in schizophrenia and its association with polygenic risk [published correction appears in JAMA Psychiatry 2019; 76:986]","volume":"76","author":"Aln\u00e6s","year":"2019","journal-title":"JAMA Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpsgos.2022.01.007_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.32614\/RJ-2018-017","article-title":"Advanced Bayesian multilevel modeling with the R package brms","volume":"10","author":"B\u00fcrkner","year":"2018","journal-title":"The R Journal"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpsgos.2022.01.007_bib42","first-page":"1","article-title":"brms: An R package for Bayesian multilevel models using Stan","volume":"80","author":"B\u00fcrkner","year":"2017","journal-title":"J\u00a0Stat Soft"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpsgos.2022.01.007_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"158","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cogpsych.2009.12.001","article-title":"Bayesian hypothesis testing for psychologists: A tutorial on the Savage-Dickey method","volume":"60","author":"Wagenmakers","year":"2010","journal-title":"Cogn Psychol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpsgos.2022.01.007_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"366","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapsychiatry.2013.4190","article-title":"Neurocognitive growth charting in psychosis spectrum youths","volume":"71","author":"Gur","year":"2014","journal-title":"JAMA Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpsgos.2022.01.007_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1168","DOI":"10.1093\/schbul\/sbq024","article-title":"Schizophrenia in the internalizing-externalizing framework: A third dimension?","volume":"37","author":"Kotov","year":"2011","journal-title":"Schizophr Bull"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpsgos.2022.01.007_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100994","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dcn.2021.100994","article-title":"Is executive dysfunction a risk marker or consequence of psychopathology? A test of executive function as a prospective predictor and outcome of general psychopathology in the adolescent brain cognitive development study\u00ae","volume":"51","author":"Romer","year":"2021","journal-title":"Dev Cogn Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpsgos.2022.01.007_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1039","DOI":"10.1037\/abn0000193","article-title":"The structure of psychopathology in adolescence and its common personality and cognitive correlates","volume":"125","author":"Castellanos-Ryan","year":"2016","journal-title":"J\u00a0Abnorm Psychol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpsgos.2022.01.007_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2019.01.019","article-title":"Cerebellar gray matter volume is associated with cognitive function and psychopathology in adolescence","volume":"86","author":"Moberget","year":"2019","journal-title":"Biol Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpsgos.2022.01.007_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"655","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2018.00655","article-title":"Recognition and treatment of cognitive dysfunction in major depressive disorder","volume":"9","author":"Zuckerman","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpsgos.2022.01.007_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"486","DOI":"10.1038\/s42003-020-01212-9","article-title":"A normative modelling approach reveals age-atypical cortical thickness in a subgroup of males with autism spectrum disorder","volume":"3","author":"Bethlehem","year":"2020","journal-title":"Commun Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpsgos.2022.01.007_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1186\/s13229-019-0301-5","article-title":"Deviation from normative brain development is associated with symptom severity in autism spectrum disorder","volume":"10","author":"Tun\u00e7","year":"2019","journal-title":"Mol Autism"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpsgos.2022.01.007_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"314","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291719000084","article-title":"Individual differences v. the average patient: Mapping the heterogeneity in ADHD using normative models","volume":"50","author":"Wolfers","year":"2020","journal-title":"Psychol Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpsgos.2022.01.007_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1146","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapsychiatry.2018.2467","article-title":"Mapping the heterogeneous phenotype of schizophrenia and bipolar disorder using normative models","volume":"75","author":"Wolfers","year":"2018","journal-title":"JAMA Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpsgos.2022.01.007_bib54","first-page":"567","article-title":"Dissecting the heterogeneous cortical anatomy of autism spectrum disorder using normative models","volume":"4","author":"Zabihi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Biol Psychiatry Cogn Neurosci Neuroimaging"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpsgos.2022.01.007_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"220","DOI":"10.1016\/j.schres.2011.06.017","article-title":"A\u00a0quantitative meta-analysis of population-based studies of premorbid intelligence and schizophrenia","volume":"132","author":"Khandaker","year":"2011","journal-title":"Schizophr Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpsgos.2022.01.007_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"118715","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2021.118715","article-title":"Warped Bayesian linear regression for normative modelling of big data","volume":"245","author":"Fraza","year":"2021","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpsgos.2022.01.007_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"419","DOI":"10.1038\/mp.2015.12","article-title":"Common polygenic risk for autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is associated with cognitive ability in the general population","volume":"21","author":"Clarke","year":"2016","journal-title":"Mol Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpsgos.2022.01.007_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"984","DOI":"10.1093\/schbul\/sbw001","article-title":"Polygenic risk of schizophrenia and cognition in a population-based survey of older adults","volume":"42","author":"Liebers","year":"2016","journal-title":"Schizophr Bull"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpsgos.2022.01.007_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1234","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2021.01.019","article-title":"Systematic review: How the attention-deficit\/hyperactivity disorder polygenic risk score adds to our understanding of ADHD and associated traits","volume":"60","author":"Ronald","year":"2021","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpsgos.2022.01.007_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2019.06.011","article-title":"Genetic risk for Alzheimer\u2019s disease and functional brain connectivity in children and adolescents","volume":"82","author":"Axelrud","year":"2019","journal-title":"Neurobiol Aging"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpsgos.2022.01.007_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"818","DOI":"10.1007\/s11682-016-9556-z","article-title":"Lower functional connectivity of default mode network in cognitively normal young adults with mutation of APP, presenilins and APOE \u03b54","volume":"11","author":"Su","year":"2017","journal-title":"Brain Imaging Behav"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpsgos.2022.01.007_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"938","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2013.01.011","article-title":"Polygenic risk for schizophrenia is associated with cognitive change between childhood and old age","volume":"73","author":"McIntosh","year":"2013","journal-title":"Biol Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpsgos.2022.01.007_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"416","DOI":"10.1038\/s41398-020-01094-9","article-title":"Polygenic scores for schizophrenia and general cognitive ability: Associations with six cognitive domains, premorbid intelligence, and cognitive composite score in individuals with a psychotic disorder and in healthy controls","volume":"10","author":"Engen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Transl Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpsgos.2022.01.007_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.1038\/s41398-018-0124-8","article-title":"Polygenic risk for schizophrenia and measured domains of cognition in individuals with psychosis and controls","volume":"8","author":"Shafee","year":"2018","journal-title":"Transl Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpsgos.2022.01.007_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"832","DOI":"10.1093\/schbul\/sbv168","article-title":"Evidence of common genetic overlap between schizophrenia and cognition","volume":"42","author":"Hubbard","year":"2016","journal-title":"Schizophr Bull"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpsgos.2022.01.007_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"528","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapsychiatry.2017.0001","article-title":"Moving from static to dynamic models of the onset of mental disorder: A review","volume":"74","author":"Nelson","year":"2017","journal-title":"JAMA Psychiatry"}],"container-title":["Biological Psychiatry Global Open Science"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S266717432200012X?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S266717432200012X?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,16]],"date-time":"2026-05-16T11:14:40Z","timestamp":1778930080000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S266717432200012X"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,4]]},"references-count":66,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,4]]}},"alternative-id":["S266717432200012X"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bpsgos.2022.01.007","relation":{},"ISSN":["2667-1743"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2667-1743","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Mapping Normative Trajectories of Cognitive Function and Its Relation to Psychopathology Symptoms and Genetic Risk in Youth","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Biological Psychiatry Global Open Science","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bpsgos.2022.01.007","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2022 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc on behalf of the Society of Biological Psychiatry.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}