{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T16:51:16Z","timestamp":1786985476466,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,1]],"date-time":"2025-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756684800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,1]],"date-time":"2025-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756684800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,30]],"date-time":"2025-04-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1745971200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100010661","name":"Horizon 2020 Framework Programme","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["848146"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["848146"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100010661","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001826","name":"ZonMw","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["10-000-1002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["10-000-1002"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001826","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005039","name":"Leids Universitair Medisch Centrum","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005039","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005075","name":"Universitair Medisch Centrum Groningen","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005075","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003180","name":"UvA-Amsterdam UMC","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003180","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Biological Psychiatry Global Open Science"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.bpsgos.2025.100528","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,8]],"date-time":"2025-05-08T17:58:29Z","timestamp":1746727109000},"page":"100528","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Immunometabolic Pathways: Investigating Mediators of Major Depressive Disorder and Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease Comorbidity"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"5","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-8197-3749","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Angela","family":"Koloi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nabila P.R.","family":"Siregar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rick","family":"Quax","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antonis I.","family":"Sakellarios","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Femke","family":"Lamers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arja","family":"Rydin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kevin","family":"Dobretz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Costas","family":"Papaloukas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dimitrios I.","family":"Fotiadis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jos A.","family":"Bosch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpsgos.2025.100528_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1545","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(16)31678-6","article-title":"Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for 310 diseases and injuries, 1990\u20132015: A systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015","volume":"388","year":"2016","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpsgos.2025.100528_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2373","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2015.15845","article-title":"Prevalence of depression and depressive symptoms among resident physicians: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"314","author":"Mata","year":"2015","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpsgos.2025.100528_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1038\/s41572-020-0200-2","article-title":"Comorbid depression in medical diseases","volume":"6","author":"Gold","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat Rev Dis Primers"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpsgos.2025.100528_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"366","DOI":"10.1002\/wps.21110","article-title":"Comorbidity between major depressive disorder and physical diseases: A comprehensive review of epidemiology, mechanisms and management","volume":"22","author":"Berk","year":"2023","journal-title":"World Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpsgos.2025.100528_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1365","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/eht462","article-title":"Depression and cardiovascular disease: A clinical review","volume":"35","author":"Hare","year":"2014","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpsgos.2025.100528_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2016.07.003","article-title":"Depression and cardiovascular disease: Epidemiological evidence on their linking mechanisms","volume":"74","author":"Penninx","year":"2017","journal-title":"Neurosci Biobehav Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpsgos.2025.100528_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"409","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2019.08.016","article-title":"Metabolomics profile in depression: A pooled analysis of 230 metabolic markers in 5283 cases with depression and 10,145 controls","volume":"87","author":"Bot","year":"2020","journal-title":"Biol Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpsgos.2025.100528_bib9","article-title":"Inflammation in cardiovascular disease: A comprehensive review of biomarkers and therapeutic targets","volume":"15","author":"Gupta","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpsgos.2025.100528_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2743","DOI":"10.1093\/cvr\/cvad147","article-title":"Predictive metabolites for incident myocardial infarction: A two-step meta-analysis of individual patient data from six cohorts comprising 7897 individuals from the Consortium of METabolomics Studies","volume":"119","author":"Nogal","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpsgos.2025.100528_bib11","article-title":"Inflammation biomarkers are associated with the incidence of cardiovascular disease: A meta-analysis","volume":"10","author":"Liu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front Cardiovasc Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpsgos.2025.100528_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2013.04.060","article-title":"Inflammatory cytokines in depression: Neurobiological mechanisms and therapeutic implications","volume":"246","author":"Felger","year":"2013","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpsgos.2025.100528_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.1186\/1741-7015-10-66","article-title":"Depression and sickness behavior are Janus-faced responses to shared inflammatory pathways","volume":"10","author":"Maes","year":"2012","journal-title":"BMC Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpsgos.2025.100528_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"446","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2009.09.033","article-title":"A meta-analysis of cytokines in major depression","volume":"67","author":"Dowlati","year":"2010","journal-title":"Biol Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpsgos.2025.100528_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"901","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2020.02.010","article-title":"Inflammatory markers in depression: A meta-analysis of mean differences and variability in 5,166 patients and 5,083 controls","volume":"87","author":"Osimo","year":"2020","journal-title":"Brain Behav Immun"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpsgos.2025.100528_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7393","DOI":"10.1038\/s41380-021-01188-w","article-title":"Association of inflammation with depression and anxiety: Evidence for symptom-specificity and potential causality from UK Biobank and NESDA cohorts","volume":"26","author":"Milaneschi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Mol Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpsgos.2025.100528_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapsychiatry.2020.3436","article-title":"Dissecting the association between inflammation, metabolic dysregulation, and specific depressive symptoms: A genetic correlation and 2-sample Mendelian randomization study","volume":"78","author":"Kappelmann","year":"2021","journal-title":"JAMA Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpsgos.2025.100528_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1111\/acer.13914","article-title":"Causal network modeling of the determinants of drinking behavior in comorbid alcohol use and anxiety disorder","volume":"43","author":"Anker","year":"2019","journal-title":"Alcohol Clin Exp Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpsgos.2025.100528_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e446","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtcvs.2022.08.012","article-title":"Causal determinants of postoperative length of stay in cardiac surgery using causal graphical learning","volume":"166","author":"Lee","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpsgos.2025.100528_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1097\/00001648-199901000-00008","article-title":"Causal diagrams for epidemiologic research","volume":"10","author":"Greenland","year":"1999","journal-title":"Epidemiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpsgos.2025.100528_bib21","author":"Witte"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpsgos.2025.100528_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1002\/mpr.256","article-title":"The Netherlands Study of Depression and Anxiety (NESDA): Rationale, objectives and methods","volume":"17","author":"Penninx","year":"2008","journal-title":"Int J Methods Psychiatr Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpsgos.2025.100528_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"192","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCGENETICS.114.000216","article-title":"Quantitative serum nuclear magnetic resonance metabolomics in cardiovascular epidemiology and genetics","volume":"8","author":"Soininen","year":"2015","journal-title":"Circ Cardiovasc Genet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpsgos.2025.100528_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"178","DOI":"10.1111\/acps.13310","article-title":"Metabolomic profiles discriminating anxiety from depression","volume":"144","author":"de Kluiver","year":"2021","journal-title":"Acta Psychiatr Scand"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpsgos.2025.100528_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1038\/nri.2015.5","article-title":"The role of inflammation in depression: From evolutionary imperative to modern treatment target","volume":"16","author":"Miller","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat Rev Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpsgos.2025.100528_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1001779","article-title":"UK Biobank: An open access resource for identifying the causes of a wide range of complex diseases of middle and old age","volume":"12","author":"Sudlow","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpsgos.2025.100528_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e18","DOI":"10.1192\/bjo.2019.100","article-title":"Mental health in UK Biobank \u2013 Development, implementation and results from an online questionnaire completed by 157 366 participants: A reanalysis","volume":"6","author":"Davis","year":"2020","journal-title":"BJPsych Open"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpsgos.2025.100528_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1194","DOI":"10.1097\/00005650-200412000-00006","article-title":"Monitoring depression treatment outcomes with the Patient Health Questionnaire-9","volume":"42","author":"L\u00f6we","year":"2004","journal-title":"Med Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpsgos.2025.100528_bib30","series-title":"Health and Deprivation: Inequality and the North","author":"Townsend","year":"2023"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpsgos.2025.100528_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1198","DOI":"10.1080\/01621459.1988.10478722","article-title":"A test of missing completely at random for multivariate data with missing values","volume":"83","author":"Little","year":"1988","journal-title":"J Am Stat Assoc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpsgos.2025.100528_bib32","article-title":"Isolation forests: Looking beyond tree depth","author":"Cortes","year":"2021","journal-title":"arXiv"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpsgos.2025.100528_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"524","DOI":"10.3389\/fgene.2019.00524","article-title":"Review of causal discovery methods based on graphical models","volume":"10","author":"Glymour","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front Genet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpsgos.2025.100528_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyae113","article-title":"Software application profile: Tpc and micd-R packages for causal discovery with incomplete cohort data","volume":"53","author":"Andrews","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int J Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpsgos.2025.100528_bib35","series-title":"Causation, Prediction, and Search","author":"Spirtes","year":"2001"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpsgos.2025.100528_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1007\/s41060-017-0085-7","article-title":"Scoring bayesian networks of mixed variables","volume":"6","author":"Andrews","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int J Data Sci Anal"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpsgos.2025.100528_bib37","series-title":"Networks: An Introduction","article-title":"Introduction: A short introduction to networks and why we study them","author":"Newman","year":"2010"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpsgos.2025.100528_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0165459","article-title":"Quantifying a systems map: Network analysis of a childhood obesity causal loop diagram","volume":"11","author":"Mcglashan","year":"2016","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpsgos.2025.100528_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1173","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-3514.51.6.1173","article-title":"The moderator\u2013mediator variable distinction in social psychological research: Conceptual, strategic, and statistical considerations","volume":"51","author":"Baron","year":"1986","journal-title":"J Pers Soc Psychol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpsgos.2025.100528_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"879","DOI":"10.3758\/BRM.40.3.879","article-title":"Asymptotic and resampling strategies for assessing and comparing indirect effects in multiple mediator models","volume":"40","author":"Preacher","year":"2008","journal-title":"Behav Res Methods"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpsgos.2025.100528_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1557","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2008.05.021","article-title":"Low HDL cholesterol associates with major depression in a sample with a 7-year history of depressive symptoms","volume":"32","author":"Lehto","year":"2008","journal-title":"Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpsgos.2025.100528_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.3390\/metabo14020080","article-title":"Lipids in psychiatric disorders: Functional and potential diagnostic role as blood biomarkers","volume":"14","author":"Zorkina","year":"2024","journal-title":"Metabolites"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpsgos.2025.100528_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/srep39992","article-title":"Serum ApoB levels in depressive patients: Associated with cognitive deficits","volume":"7","author":"Hui","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpsgos.2025.100528_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0160542","article-title":"Branched-chain amino acids as new biomarkers of major depression \u2013 A novel neurobiology of mood disorder","volume":"11","author":"Baranyi","year":"2016","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpsgos.2025.100528_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"558","DOI":"10.2174\/1570159X13666150630171433","article-title":"The involvement of TNF-\u03b1 in cognitive dysfunction associated with major depressive disorder: An opportunity for domain specific treatments","volume":"13","author":"Bortolato","year":"2015","journal-title":"Curr Neuropharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpsgos.2025.100528_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fcvm.2023.1274595","article-title":"Cardiovascular disease and depression: A narrative review","volume":"10","author":"Li","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front Cardiovasc Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpsgos.2025.100528_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1016\/S1359-6101(02)00054-0","article-title":"Alpha(1)-acid glycoprotein: An acute phase protein with inflammatory and immunomodulating properties","volume":"14","author":"Hochepied","year":"2003","journal-title":"Cytokine Growth Factor Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpsgos.2025.100528_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.121.024380","article-title":"Glycoprotein acetyls: A novel inflammatory biomarker of early cardiovascular risk in the young","volume":"11","author":"Chiesa","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Am Heart Assoc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpsgos.2025.100528_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1186\/s12950-023-00358-7","article-title":"Towards clinical application of GlycA and GlycB for early detection of inflammation associated with (pre)diabetes and cardiovascular disease: Recent evidence and updates","volume":"20","author":"Fung","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Inflammm (Lond)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpsgos.2025.100528_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"737","DOI":"10.1161\/01.ATV.8.6.737","article-title":"High density lipoprotein cholesterol and mortality. The Framingham heart study","volume":"8","author":"Wilson","year":"1988","journal-title":"Arteriosclerosis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpsgos.2025.100528_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2355","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.122.19912","article-title":"High HDL (high-density lipoprotein) cholesterol increases cardiovascular risk in hypertensive patients","volume":"79","author":"Trimarco","year":"2022","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpsgos.2025.100528_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.123.034763","article-title":"High-density lipoprotein particle concentration and size predict incident coronary artery disease events in a cohort with type 1 diabetes","volume":"13","author":"Costacou","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Am Heart Assoc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpsgos.2025.100528_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3141","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-82861-6","article-title":"Particle size and cholesterol content of circulating HDL correlate with cardiovascular death in chronic heart failure","volume":"11","author":"Teis","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpsgos.2025.100528_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1477","DOI":"10.1038\/s41380-019-0395-3","article-title":"Shared mechanisms between coronary heart disease and depression: Findings from a large UK general population-based cohort","volume":"25","author":"Khandaker","year":"2020","journal-title":"Mol Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpsgos.2025.100528_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"142","DOI":"10.1038\/s41398-024-02847-6","article-title":"Depression and cognition are associated with lipid dysregulation in both a multigenerational study of depression and the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey","volume":"14","author":"Mehdi","year":"2024","journal-title":"Transl Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpsgos.2025.100528_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"754","DOI":"10.1038\/s44161-024-00488-y","article-title":"Distinct biological signature and modifiable risk factors underlie the comorbidity between major depressive disorder and cardiovascular disease","volume":"3","author":"Bergstedt","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nat CardioVasc Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpsgos.2025.100528_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2020-043339","article-title":"Consistency of causal claims in observational studies: A review of papers published in a general medical journal","volume":"11","author":"Olarte Parra","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpsgos.2025.100528_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2020.01.014","article-title":"Depression heterogeneity and its biological underpinnings: Toward immunometabolic depression","volume":"88","author":"Milaneschi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Biol Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bpsgos.2025.100528_bib59","article-title":"Immuno-metabolic depression: From concept to implementation","volume":"48","author":"Penninx","year":"2025","journal-title":"Lancet Reg Health Eur"}],"container-title":["Biological Psychiatry Global Open Science"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2667174325000825?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2667174325000825?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,8]],"date-time":"2025-11-08T22:55:17Z","timestamp":1762642517000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S2667174325000825"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]},"references-count":57,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]}},"alternative-id":["S2667174325000825"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bpsgos.2025.100528","relation":{},"ISSN":["2667-1743"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2667-1743","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Immunometabolic Pathways: Investigating Mediators of Major Depressive Disorder and Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease Comorbidity","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Biological Psychiatry Global Open Science","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bpsgos.2025.100528","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 THE AUTHORS. Published by Elsevier Inc on behalf of the Society of Biological Psychiatry.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"100528"}}