{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T12:41:40Z","timestamp":1791204100948,"version":"4.2.0"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2007,1,1]],"date-time":"2007-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1167609600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Brain Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,1]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2006.08.041","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,11,29]],"date-time":"2006-11-29T21:26:52Z","timestamp":1164835612000},"page":"1-11","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":71,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Chemokines in the MPTP model of Parkinson\u2019s disease: Absence of CCL2 and its receptor CCR2 does not protect against striatal neurodegeneration"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"1128","author":[{"given":"Yogeshwar V.","family":"Kalkonde","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"William W.","family":"Morgan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jose","family":"Sigala","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shivani K.","family":"Maffi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carlo","family":"Condello","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"William","family":"Kuziel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Seema S.","family":"Ahuja","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sunil K.","family":"Ahuja","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2006.08.041_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1017","DOI":"10.1023\/B:NERE.0000021246.96864.89","article-title":"Chemokines and glial cells: a complex network in the central nervous system","volume":"29","author":"Ambrosini","year":"2004","journal-title":"Neurochem. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2006.08.041_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.1038\/35055057","article-title":"RANTES promotes growth and survival of human first-trimester forebrain astrocytes","volume":"3","author":"Bakhiet","year":"2001","journal-title":"Nat. Cell Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2006.08.041_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.20598","article-title":"Highly regionalized neuronal expression of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1\/CCL2) in rat brain: evidence for its colocalization with neurotransmitters and neuropeptides","volume":"489","author":"Banisadr","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Comp. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2006.08.041_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"178","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.20729","article-title":"Constitutive neuronal expression of CCR2 chemokine receptor and its colocalization with neurotransmitters in normal rat brain: functional effect of MCP-1\/CCL2 on calcium mobilization in primary cultured neurons","volume":"492","author":"Banisadr","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Comp. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2006.08.041_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"527","DOI":"10.1089\/10799900252982007","article-title":"In vitro activation of murine peritoneal macrophages by monocyte chemoattractant protein-1: upregulation of CD11b, production of proinflammatory cytokines, and the signal transduction pathway","volume":"22","author":"Biswas","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Interferon Cytokine Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2006.08.041_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"248","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-2697(76)90527-3","article-title":"A rapid and sensitive method for the quantitation of microgram quantities of protein utilizing the principle of protein-dye binding","volume":"72","author":"Bradford","year":"1976","journal-title":"Anal. Biochem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2006.08.041_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1059","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.60.8.1059","article-title":"Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and the risk of Parkinson disease","volume":"60","author":"Chen","year":"2003","journal-title":"Arch. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2006.08.041_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6594","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.0970-05.2005","article-title":"Ablation of the inflammatory enzyme myeloperoxidase mitigates features of Parkinson\u2019s disease in mice","volume":"25","author":"Choi","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2006.08.041_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-4547(20000101)59:1<126::AID-JNR15>3.0.CO;2-L","article-title":"Acute ultrastructural effects of MPTP on the nigrostriatal pathway of the C57BL\/6 adult mouse: evidence of compensatory plasticity in nigrostriatal neurons","volume":"59","author":"Cochiolo","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Neurosci. Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2006.08.041_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3117","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.95.6.3117","article-title":"Induction of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 in HIV-1 Tat-stimulated astrocytes and elevation in AIDS dementia","volume":"95","author":"Conant","year":"1998","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2006.08.041_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1002\/1531-8249(200007)48:1<127::AID-ANA23>3.0.CO;2-G","article-title":"Inflammatory changes in the substantia nigra and striatum following MPTP intoxication","volume":"48","author":"Czlonkowska","year":"2000","journal-title":"Ann. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2006.08.041_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2213","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1471-4159.2000.0742213.x","article-title":"Deficiency of inducible nitric oxide synthase protects against MPTP toxicity in vivo","volume":"74","author":"Dehmer","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Neurochem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2006.08.041_bib13","first-page":"44","article-title":"Toxicity of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine in primary cultures of mouse astrocytes","volume":"261","author":"Di Monte","year":"1992","journal-title":"J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2006.08.041_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"822","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-4159.2004.02399.x","article-title":"Genetic ablation of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and pharmacological inhibition of TNF-synthesis attenuates MPTP toxicity in mouse striatum","volume":"89","author":"Ferger","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Neurochem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2006.08.041_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1228","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.23-04-01228.2003","article-title":"Synergistic dopaminergic neurotoxicity of the pesticide rotenone and inflammogen lipopolysaccharide: relevance to the etiology of Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"23","author":"Gao","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2006.08.041_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1957","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.03-0203fje","article-title":"Synergistic dopaminergic neurotoxicity of MPTP and inflammogen lipopolysaccharide: relevance to the etiology of Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"17","author":"Gao","year":"2003","journal-title":"FASEB J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2006.08.041_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2163","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.06-08-02163.1986","article-title":"Characterization of ameboid microglia isolated from developing mammalian brain","volume":"6","author":"Giulian","year":"1986","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2006.08.041_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13795","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.202357499","article-title":"HIV-1 infection and AIDS dementia are influenced by a mutant MCP-1 allele linked to increased monocyte infiltration of tissues and MCP-1 levels","volume":"99","author":"Gonzalez","year":"2002","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2006.08.041_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1016\/S1097-2765(00)80139-2","article-title":"Absence of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 reduces atherosclerosis in low density lipoprotein receptor-deficient mice","volume":"2","author":"Gu","year":"1998","journal-title":"Mol. Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2006.08.041_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1159\/000058723","article-title":"Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1","volume":"72","author":"Gu","year":"1999","journal-title":"Chem. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2006.08.041_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-5728(95)00064-9","article-title":"Production and function of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 and other beta-chemokines in murine glial cells","volume":"60","author":"Hayashi","year":"1995","journal-title":"J. Neuroimmunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2006.08.041_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-3940(03)00832-2","article-title":"Time-course of the expression of inflammatory cytokines and matrix metalloproteinases in the striatum and mesencephalon of mice injected with 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine, a dopaminergic neurotoxin","volume":"349","author":"Hebert","year":"2003","journal-title":"Neurosci. Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2006.08.041_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"713","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.193.6.713","article-title":"Absence of monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 in mice leads to decreased local macrophage recruitment and antigen-specific T helper cell type 1 immune response in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis","volume":"193","author":"Huang","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Exp. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2006.08.041_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1016\/1055-8330(95)90015-2","article-title":"Time course and morphology of dopaminergic neuronal death caused by the neurotoxin 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine","volume":"4","author":"Jackson-Lewis","year":"1995","journal-title":"Neurodegeneration"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2006.08.041_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4591","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.81.14.4591","article-title":"Parkinsonism-inducing neurotoxin, N-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine: characterization and localization of receptor binding sites in rat and human brain","volume":"81","author":"Javitch","year":"1984","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2006.08.041_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1016\/S0162-3109(98)00022-8","article-title":"Microglial and astrocytic involvement in a murine model of Parkinson\u2019s disease induced by 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)","volume":"39","author":"Kohutnicka","year":"1998","journal-title":"Immunopharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2006.08.041_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1006\/exnr.1998.6993","article-title":"The inflammatory reaction following 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3, 6-tetrahydropyridine intoxication in mouse","volume":"156","author":"Kurkowska-Jastrzebska","year":"1999","journal-title":"Exp. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2006.08.041_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12053","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.94.22.12053","article-title":"Severe reduction in leukocyte adhesion and monocyte extravasation in mice deficient in CC chemokine receptor 2","volume":"94","author":"Kuziel","year":"1997","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2006.08.041_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1403","DOI":"10.1038\/70978","article-title":"Inducible nitric oxide synthase stimulates dopaminergic neurodegeneration in the MPTP model of Parkinson disease","volume":"5","author":"Liberatore","year":"1999","journal-title":"Nat. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2006.08.041_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"601","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.187.4.601","article-title":"Abnormalities in monocyte recruitment and cytokine expression in monocyte chemoattractant protein 1-deficient mice","volume":"187","author":"Lu","year":"1998","journal-title":"J. Exp. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2006.08.041_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3708","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.153.8.3708","article-title":"Serologic analysis of the mouse beta chemokine JE\/monocyte chemoattractant protein-1","volume":"153","author":"Luo","year":"1994","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2006.08.041_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1016\/S1044-5323(02)00125-2","article-title":"The role of MCP-1 (CCL2) and CCR2 in multiple sclerosis and experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE)","volume":"15","author":"Mahad","year":"2003","journal-title":"Semin. Immunol."},{"issue":"Suppl. 1","key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2006.08.041_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S3","DOI":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2004.01.005","article-title":"Inflammation and neurodegeneration in Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"10","author":"McGeer","year":"2004","journal-title":"Parkinsonism Relat. Disord."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2006.08.041_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14500","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.95.24.14500","article-title":"Chemokines regulate hippocampal neuronal signaling and gp120 neurotoxicity","volume":"95","author":"Meucci","year":"1998","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2006.08.041_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8075","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.090017497","article-title":"Expression of CX3CR1 chemokine receptors on neurons and their role in neuronal survival","volume":"97","author":"Meucci","year":"2000","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2006.08.041_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-4547(19990115)55:2<245::AID-JNR12>3.0.CO;2-Q","article-title":"Cytokine-induced production of macrophage inflammatory protein-1alpha (MIP-1alpha) in cultured human astrocytes","volume":"55","author":"Miyamoto","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. Neurosci. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2006.08.041_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"B394","DOI":"10.1093\/gerona\/58.5.B394","article-title":"Dietary restriction does not protect the nigrostriatal dopaminergic pathway of older animals from low-dose MPTP-induced neurotoxicity","volume":"58","author":"Morgan","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Gerontol., A Biol. Sci. Med. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2006.08.041_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"953","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.10462","article-title":"Influence of monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 gene polymorphism on age at onset of sporadic Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"18","author":"Nishimura","year":"2003","journal-title":"Mov. Disord."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2006.08.041_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1159","DOI":"10.1007\/s00702-001-0683-2","article-title":"Dopamine efflux by MPTP and hydroxyl radical generation","volume":"109","author":"Obata","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Neural Transm."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2006.08.041_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneuroim.2003.12.025","article-title":"The scope and activation mechanisms of chemokine gene expression in primary astrocytes following infection with Theiler\u2019s virus","volume":"149","author":"Palma","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Neuroimmunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2006.08.041_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6449","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.78.12.6449-6458.2004","article-title":"MCP-1 and CCR2 contribute to non-lymphocyte-mediated brain disease induced by Fr98 polytropic retrovirus infection in mice: role for astrocytes in retroviral neuropathogenesis","volume":"78","author":"Peterson","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2006.08.041_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1265","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1471-4159.2001.00183.x","article-title":"The parkinsonian toxin 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP): a technical review of its utility and safety","volume":"76","author":"Przedborski","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Neurochem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2006.08.041_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"856","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI200420126","article-title":"Experimental arthritis in CC chemokine receptor 2-null mice closely mimics severe human rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"113","author":"Quinones","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Clin. Invest."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2006.08.041_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(86)90905-4","article-title":"Fate of nigrostriatal neurons in young mature mice given 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine: a neurochemical and morphological reassessment","volume":"376","author":"Ricaurte","year":"1986","journal-title":"Brain Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2006.08.041_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"344","DOI":"10.1006\/bbrc.1999.0796","article-title":"A novel polymorphism in the MCP-1 gene regulatory region that influences MCP-1 expression","volume":"259","author":"Rovin","year":"1999","journal-title":"Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2006.08.041_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1474","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.02-0216fje","article-title":"Mice deficient in TNF receptors are protected against dopaminergic neurotoxicity: implications for Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"16","author":"Sriram","year":"2002","journal-title":"FASEB J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2006.08.041_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"706","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-4159.2005.03566.x","article-title":"Minocycline attenuates microglial activation but fails to mitigate striatal dopaminergic neurotoxicity: role of tumor necrosis factor-alpha","volume":"96","author":"Sriram","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Neurochem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2006.08.041_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tips.2005.11.002","article-title":"The expression and function of chemokines involved in CNS inflammation","volume":"27","author":"Ubogu","year":"2006","journal-title":"Trends Pharmacol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2006.08.041_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8425","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0400625101","article-title":"Deletion of macrophage-inflammatory protein 1 alpha retards neurodegeneration in Sandhoff disease mice","volume":"101","author":"Wu","year":"2004","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2006.08.041_bib49","first-page":"225","article-title":"Toxicity of the 1-methyl-4-phenyl-2,3-dihydropyridinium and 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium species in primary cultures of mouse astrocytes","volume":"262","author":"Wu","year":"1992","journal-title":"J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2006.08.041_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1763","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.22-05-01763.2002","article-title":"Blockade of microglial activation is neuroprotective in the 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine mouse model of Parkinson disease","volume":"22","author":"Wu","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."}],"container-title":["Brain Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0006899306023572?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0006899306023572?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,9]],"date-time":"2023-05-09T21:17:01Z","timestamp":1683667021000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0006899306023572"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2007,1]]},"references-count":51,"alternative-id":["S0006899306023572"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.brainres.2006.08.041","relation":{},"ISSN":["0006-8993"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0006-8993","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2007,1]]}}}