{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,11]],"date-time":"2026-07-11T12:51:13Z","timestamp":1783774273425,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,2,1]],"date-time":"2016-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1454284800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,3]],"date-time":"2017-01-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1483401600000},"content-version":"am","delay-in-days":337,"URL":"http:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/open-access\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000005","name":"United States Department of Defense","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["W81XWH-12-1-0559"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["W81XWH-12-1-0559"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000005","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.jp","clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.fr","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Brain Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,2]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2015.12.021","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,12,19]],"date-time":"2015-12-19T19:31:21Z","timestamp":1450553481000},"page":"119-126","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"special_numbering":"C","title":["The midbrain central gray best suppresses chronic pain with electrical stimulation at very low pulse rates in two human cases"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"1632","author":[{"given":"Ian D.","family":"Hentall","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Corneliu C.","family":"Luca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eva","family":"Widerstrom-Noga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alberto","family":"Vitores","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Letitia D.","family":"Fisher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alberto","family":"Martinez-Arizala","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jonathan R.","family":"Jagid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2015.12.021_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e96026","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0096026","article-title":"Response of human thalamic neurons to high-frequency stimulation","volume":"9","author":"Birdno","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2015.12.021_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"515","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2004.10.005","article-title":"Deep brain stimulation for pain relief: a meta-analysis","volume":"12","author":"Bittar","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Clin. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2015.12.021_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1227\/NEU.0b013e31827b97d6","article-title":"Long-term outcomes of deep brain stimulation for neuropathic pain","volume":"72","author":"Boccard","year":"2013","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2015.12.021_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1007\/s00441-004-0936-0","article-title":"Deep brain stimulation","volume":"318","author":"Breit","year":"2004","journal-title":"Cell. Tissue Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2015.12.021_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1659","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awl082","article-title":"Plasticity in the human central nervous system","volume":"129","author":"Cooke","year":"2006","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2015.12.021_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.3171\/2008.6.17602","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of motor cortex stimulation for chronic neuropathic pain: critical review of the literature","volume":"110","author":"Fontaine","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Neurosurg."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2015.12.021_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"188","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2006.05.019","article-title":"Deep brain stimulation for chronic neuropathic pain: long-term outcome and the incidence of insertional effect","volume":"125","author":"Hamani","year":"2006","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2015.12.021_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"214","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainresrev.2008.12.009","article-title":"Descending control of nociception: specificity, recruitment and plasticity","volume":"60","author":"Heinricher","year":"2009","journal-title":"Brain Res. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2015.12.021_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1081","DOI":"10.1016\/S0306-4522(99)00516-3","article-title":"Correlations between serotonin level and single-cell firing in the rat\u05f3s nucleus raphe magnus","volume":"95","author":"Hentall","year":"2000","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2015.12.021_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"374","DOI":"10.1177\/1545968311425178","article-title":"Promotion of recovery from thoracic spinal cord contusion in rats by stimulation of medullary raphe or its midbrain input","volume":"26","author":"Hentall","year":"2012","journal-title":"Neurorehabil. Neural Repair"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2015.12.021_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"543","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1986.64.4.0543","article-title":"Subcortical electrical stimulation for control of intractable pain in humans. Report of 122 cases (1970\u20131984)","volume":"64","author":"Hosobuchi","year":"1986","journal-title":"J. Neurosurg."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2015.12.021_bib12","first-page":"157","article-title":"Intracranial neurostimulation for pain control: a review","volume":"13","author":"Levy","year":"2010","journal-title":"Pain Physician"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2015.12.021_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"852","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2008.01.003","article-title":"Pro-nociceptive action of cholecystokinin in the periaqueductal grey: a role in neuropathic and anxiety-induced hyperalgesic states","volume":"32","author":"Lovick","year":"2008","journal-title":"Neurosci. Biobehav. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2015.12.021_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E7","DOI":"10.3171\/2013.7.FOCUS1346","article-title":"Thalamic deep brain stimulation for neuropathic pain after amputation or brachial plexus avulsion","volume":"35","author":"Pereira","year":"2013","journal-title":"Neurosurg. Focus"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2015.12.021_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"188","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rehab.2008.12.002","article-title":"Chronic neuropathic pain in spinal cord injury: efficiency of deep brain and motor cortex stimulation therapies for neuropathic pain in spinal cord injury patients","volume":"52","author":"Previnaire","year":"2009","journal-title":"Ann. Phys. Rehabil. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2015.12.021_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"224","DOI":"10.1007\/s12035-007-0028-8","article-title":"Pain facilitation and activity-dependent plasticity in pain modulatory circuitry: role of BDNF-TrkB signaling and NMDA receptors","volume":"35","author":"Ren","year":"2007","journal-title":"Mol. Neurobiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2015.12.021_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.55.2.105","article-title":"Internuclear ophthalmoplegia of abduction: clinical and electrophysiological data on the existence of an abduction paresis of prenuclear origin","volume":"55","author":"Thomke","year":"1992","journal-title":"J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2015.12.021_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1126\/science.83674","article-title":"Stimulation of human periaqueductal gray for pain relief increases immunoreactive beta-endorphin in ventricular fluid","volume":"203","author":"Hosobuchi","year":"1979","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2015.12.021_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(83)90166-X","article-title":"Single unit studies of identified bulbospinal serotonergic units","volume":"279","author":"Wessendorf","year":"1983","journal-title":"Brain Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2015.12.021_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"818","DOI":"10.1038\/sc.2008.64","article-title":"The international spinal cord injury pain basic data set","volume":"46","author":"Widerstrom-Noga","year":"2008","journal-title":"Spinal Cord"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2015.12.021_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"527","DOI":"10.1007\/s00221-013-3761-4","article-title":"Reciprocal interactions between the human thalamus and periaqueductal gray may be important for pain perception","volume":"232","author":"Wu","year":"2014","journal-title":"Exp. Brain Res."}],"container-title":["Brain Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0006899315009609?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0006899315009609?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,10]],"date-time":"2021-04-10T13:28:19Z","timestamp":1618061299000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0006899315009609"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,2]]},"references-count":21,"alternative-id":["S0006899315009609"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.brainres.2015.12.021","relation":{},"ISSN":["0006-8993"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0006-8993","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"The midbrain central gray best suppresses chronic pain with electrical stimulation at very low pulse rates in two human cases","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Brain Research","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.brainres.2015.12.021","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2015 Elsevier B.V. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}