{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]],"date-time":"2026-09-11T04:55:32Z","timestamp":1789102532485,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,1]],"date-time":"2018-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1533081600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.jp","clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.fr","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Brain Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,8]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2018.01.023","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,2]],"date-time":"2018-02-02T07:09:52Z","timestamp":1517555392000},"page":"218-221","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"special_numbering":"PB","title":["Intestinal worms eating neuropsychiatric disorders? Apparently so"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"1693","author":[{"given":"Henry H.","family":"Kou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3644-9152","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"William","family":"Parker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2018.01.023_b0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"731","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2007.02.019","article-title":"Autism, asthma, inflammation, and the hygiene hypothesis","volume":"69","author":"Becker","year":"2007","journal-title":"Med. Hypotheses"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2018.01.023_b0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"494","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2011.06.019","article-title":"Reconstitution of the human biome as the most reasonable solution for epidemics of allergic and autoimmune diseases","volume":"77","author":"Bilbo","year":"2011","journal-title":"Med. Hypotheses"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2018.01.023_b0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Blackley, C.H., 1873. Experimental researches on the causes and nature of catarrhus aestivus, hay fever or hay asthma, Vol., Bailliere, Tindall, and Cox, London.","DOI":"10.1097\/00000441-187413300-00026"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2018.01.023_b0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1080\/10601333.2016.1210159","article-title":"Policy and regulations in light of the human body as a \u2018superorganism\u2019 containing multiple, intertwined symbiotic relationships","volume":"33","author":"Bono-Lunn","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin. Res. Regul. Affairs"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2018.01.023_b0025","first-page":"203","article-title":"The gut-brain axis: interactions between enteric microbiota, central and enteric nervous systems","volume":"28","author":"Carabotti","year":"2015","journal-title":"Ann. Gastroenterol. Q. Publ. Hellenic Soc. Gastroenterol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2018.01.023_b0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cheng, A.M., et al., 2015. Overcoming evolutionary mismatch by self-treatment with helminths: current practices and experience. J. Evol. Med. 3, Article ID 235910.","DOI":"10.4303\/jem\/235910"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2018.01.023_b0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.21067","article-title":"Association between parasite infection and immune responses in multiple sclerosis","volume":"61","author":"Correale","year":"2007","journal-title":"Ann. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2018.01.023_b0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn2297","article-title":"From inflammation to sickness and depression: when the immune system subjugates the brain","volume":"9","author":"Dantzer","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2018.01.023_b0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1038\/493163c","article-title":"Autoimmune disease: Patients self-treat with parasitic worms","volume":"493","author":"Flowers","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2018.01.023_b0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1080\/0264041031000140590","article-title":"Exercise, nutrition and immune function","volume":"22","author":"Gleeson","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Sports Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2018.01.023_b0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"266","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra070553","article-title":"Vitamin D deficiency","volume":"357","author":"Holick","year":"2007","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2018.01.023_b0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.1038\/nature10213","article-title":"Human nutrition, the gut microbiome and the immune system","volume":"474","author":"Kau","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nature (London)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2018.01.023_b0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"495","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp-2011-301779","article-title":"Depression: an inflammatory illness?","volume":"83","author":"Krishnadas","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2018.01.023_b0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1186\/1743-7075-7-79","article-title":"Gut inflammation in chronic fatigue syndrome","volume":"7","author":"Lakhan","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nutr. Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2018.01.023_b0075","first-page":"1","article-title":"Practices and outcomes of self-treatment with helminths based on physicians' observations","author":"Liu","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Helminthol. FirstView"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2018.01.023_b0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pt.2014.06.005","article-title":"(Self-) infections with parasites: re-interpretations for the present","volume":"30","author":"Lukes","year":"2014","journal-title":"Trends Parasitol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2018.01.023_b0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1005039","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1005039","article-title":"Are human intestinal eukaryotes beneficial or commensals?","volume":"11","author":"Lukes","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS Pathog."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2018.01.023_b0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1016\/0009-2797(96)03729-5","article-title":"Oxidative stress associated with exercise, psychological stress and life-style factors","volume":"102","author":"Moller","year":"1996","journal-title":"Chem. Biol. Interact."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2018.01.023_b0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"970","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1198719","article-title":"Diet drives convergence in gut microbiome functions across mammalian phylogeny and within humans","volume":"332","author":"Muegge","year":"2011","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2018.01.023_b0100","unstructured":"Newman, A., 1999. In Pursuit of Autoimmune Worm Cure. In: New York Times. Vol., ed.^eds."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2018.01.023_b0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1193","DOI":"10.1185\/03007995.2012.695731","article-title":"A prescription for clinical immunology: the pills are available and ready for testing","volume":"28","author":"Parker","year":"2012","journal-title":"Curr. Med. Res. Opin."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2018.01.023_b0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1093\/emph\/eot008","article-title":"Evolutionary biology and anthropology suggest biome reconstitution as a necessary approach toward dealing with immune disorders","volume":"2013","author":"Parker","year":"2013","journal-title":"Evol. Med. Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2018.01.023_b0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1211","DOI":"10.1001\/archgenpsychiatry.2010.161","article-title":"Inflammation, sanitation, and consternation: Loss of contact with coevolved, tolerogenic microorganisms and the pathophysiology and treatment of major depression","volume":"67","author":"Raison","year":"2010","journal-title":"Arch. Gen. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2018.01.023_b0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4939-0897-4_15","article-title":"Microbiota, immunoregulatory old friends and psychiatric disorders","volume":"817","author":"Rook","year":"2014","journal-title":"Adv. Exp. Med. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2018.01.023_b0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1111\/cei.12269","article-title":"Microbial 'old friends', immunoregulation and socioeconomic status","volume":"177","author":"Rook","year":"2014","journal-title":"Clin. Exp. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2018.01.023_b0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2567.2008.03007.x","article-title":"Review series on helminths, immune modulation and the hygiene hypothesis: the broader implications of the hygiene hypothesis","volume":"126","author":"Rook","year":"2009","journal-title":"Immunology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2018.01.023_b0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rook, G.A.W., Lowry, C.A., 2009. The hygiene hypothesis and affective and anxiety disorders. In: Hygiene Hypothesis and Darwinian Medicine. Progress in Inflammation Research, Vol., ed.^eds. Birkhauser Verlag Ag, Viadukstrasse 40\u201344, Po Box 133, Ch-4010 Basel, Switzerland, pp. 189\u2013220.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-7643-8903-1_11"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2018.01.023_b0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"431985","DOI":"10.1155\/2011\/431985","article-title":"Anti-Inflammatory Nutrition as a Pharmacological Approach to Treat Obesity","volume":"2011","author":"Sears","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Obesity"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2018.01.023_b0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1080\/07315724.2015.1080105","article-title":"Anti-inflammatory Diets","volume":"34","author":"Sears","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Am. Coll. Nutr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2018.01.023_b0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Smyth, K., et al., 2017. Production and use of Hymenolepis diminuta cysticercoids as anti-inflammatory therapeutics. J. Clin. Med. In Press.","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm6100098"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2018.01.023_b0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1259","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.299.6710.1259","article-title":"Hay fever, hygiene, and household size","volume":"299","author":"Strachan","year":"1989","journal-title":"Br. Med. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2018.01.023_b0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.2004.041749","article-title":"Trichuris suis therapy in Crohn's disease","volume":"54","author":"Summers","year":"2005","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2018.01.023_b0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpara.2012.12.003","article-title":"Prerequisites for the pharmaceutical industry to develop and commercialise helminths and helminth-derived product therapy","volume":"43","author":"Tilp","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int. J. Parasitol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2018.01.023_b0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"686","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(76)92492-2","article-title":"IgE, parasites, and allergy","volume":"2","author":"Turton","year":"1976","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2018.01.023_b0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1038\/491183a","article-title":"The worm returns: Joel V. Weinstock explains why several clinical trials are deliberately infecting people with helminths to treat autoimmune diseases","volume":"491","author":"Weinstock","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2018.01.023_b0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2015.07.006","article-title":"Got worms? Perinatal exposure to helminths prevents persistent immune sensitization and cognitive dysfunction induced by early-life infection","volume":"51","author":"Williamson","year":"2016","journal-title":"Brain Behav. Immun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2018.01.023_b0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"222","DOI":"10.1038\/nature11053","article-title":"Human gut microbiome viewed across age and geography","volume":"486","author":"Yatsunenko","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2018.01.023_b0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"515","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3024.2006.00879.x","article-title":"Parasitic worms and inflammatory diseases","volume":"28","author":"Zaccone","year":"2006","journal-title":"Parasite Immunol."}],"container-title":["Brain Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0006899318300374?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0006899318300374?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,10]],"date-time":"2019-10-10T01:40:25Z","timestamp":1570671625000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0006899318300374"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,8]]},"references-count":38,"alternative-id":["S0006899318300374"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.brainres.2018.01.023","relation":{},"ISSN":["0006-8993"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0006-8993","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Intestinal worms eating neuropsychiatric disorders? Apparently so","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Brain Research","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.brainres.2018.01.023","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}