{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T14:09:28Z","timestamp":1790777368316,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":85,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,1]],"date-time":"2020-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1585699200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,1]],"date-time":"2020-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1585699200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007197","name":"U.S. Public Health Service","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007197","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000027","name":"National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000027","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Brain Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,4]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2020.146654","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,10]],"date-time":"2020-01-10T02:21:42Z","timestamp":1578622902000},"page":"146654","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":57,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Neurodevelopment in adolescents and adults with fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD): A magnetic resonance region of interest analysis"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"1732","author":[{"given":"Sarah M.","family":"Inkelis","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eileen M.","family":"Moore","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amanda","family":"Bischoff-Grethe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Edward P.","family":"Riley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2020.146654_b0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2007.06.004","article-title":"Volumes, spatial extents and a probabilistic atlas of the human basal ganglia and thalamus","volume":"38","author":"Ahsan","year":"2007","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2020.146654_b0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8749.2001.tb00179.x","article-title":"Brain dysmorphology in individuals with severe prenatal alcohol exposure","volume":"43","author":"Archibald","year":"2001","journal-title":"Dev. Med. Child Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2020.146654_b0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"132","DOI":"10.3389\/fnana.2017.00132","article-title":"Reductions in corpus callosum volume partially mediate effects of prenatal alcohol exposure on IQ","volume":"11","author":"Biffen","year":"2017","journal-title":"Front. Neuroanat."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2020.146654_b0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1002\/tera.1044","article-title":"Geometric morphometrics of corpus callosum and subcortical structures in the fetal-alcohol-affected brain","volume":"64","author":"Bookstein","year":"2001","journal-title":"Teratology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2020.146654_b0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"162","DOI":"10.1002\/ar.10110","article-title":"Midline corpus callosum is a neuroanatomical focus of fetal alcohol damage","volume":"269","author":"Bookstein","year":"2002","journal-title":"Anat. Rec."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2020.146654_b0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1006\/nimg.2001.0977","article-title":"Corpus callosum shape and neuropsychological deficits in adult males with heavy fetal alcohol exposure","volume":"15","author":"Bookstein","year":"2002","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2020.146654_b0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1002\/ar.b.20114","article-title":"Damage to the human cerebellum from prenatal alcohol exposure: the anatomy of a simple biometrical explanation","volume":"289","author":"Bookstein","year":"2006","journal-title":"Anat. Rec. B New Anat."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2020.146654_b0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2005.02.013","article-title":"Cerebral cortex: an MRI-based study of volume and variance with age and sex","volume":"13","author":"Carne","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Clin. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2020.146654_b0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1671","DOI":"10.1111\/acer.12395","article-title":"Effects of prenatal alcohol exposure on testosterone and pubertal development","volume":"38","author":"Carter","year":"2014","journal-title":"Alcohol. Clin. Exp. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2020.146654_b0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1663","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.21313","article-title":"Understanding specific effects of prenatal alcohol exposure on brain structure in young adults","volume":"33","author":"Chen","year":"2012","journal-title":"Hum. Brain Mapp."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2020.146654_b0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.55782\/ane-1994-1012","article-title":"Cerebellar abnormality in autism: a nonspecific effect of early brain damage?","volume":"54","author":"Ciesielski","year":"1994","journal-title":"Acta Neurobiol. Exp. (Wars)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2020.146654_b0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"897","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1530-0277.2010.01162.x","article-title":"Verbal and nonverbal memory in adults prenatally exposed to alcohol","volume":"34","author":"Coles","year":"2010","journal-title":"Alcohol. Clin. Exp. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2020.146654_b0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1395","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1530-0277.1999.tb04362.x","article-title":"Individual differences in auditory and visual attention among fetal alcohol-affected adults","volume":"23","author":"Connor","year":"1999","journal-title":"Alcohol. Clin. Exp. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2020.146654_b0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"744","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropsychologia.2005.07.016","article-title":"Effects of prenatal alcohol exposure on fine motor coordination and balance: a study of two adult samples","volume":"44","author":"Connor","year":"2006","journal-title":"Neuropsychologia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2020.146654_b0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5501","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.23743","article-title":"Towards a unified analysis of brain maturation and aging across the entire lifespan: a MRI analysis","volume":"38","author":"Coupe","year":"2017","journal-title":"Hum. Brain Mapp."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2020.146654_b0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"848","DOI":"10.1037\/0735-7044.108.5.848","article-title":"Impairment in shifting attention in autistic and cerebellar patients","volume":"108","author":"Courchesne","year":"1994","journal-title":"Behav. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2020.146654_b0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1171","DOI":"10.1111\/acer.12073","article-title":"The association between prenatal alcohol exposure and behavior at 22 years of age","volume":"37","author":"Day","year":"2013","journal-title":"Alcohol. Clin. Exp. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2020.146654_b0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1002\/ddrr.1130","article-title":"Aging in rare intellectual disability syndromes","volume":"18","author":"Dykens","year":"2013","journal-title":"Dev. Disabil. Res. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2020.146654_b0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2010.07.031","article-title":"Sexual dimorphism and asymmetry in human cerebellum: an MRI-based morphometric study","volume":"1353","author":"Fan","year":"2010","journal-title":"Brain Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2020.146654_b0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"344","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/4.4.344","article-title":"The young adult human brain: an MRI-based morphometric analysis","volume":"4","author":"Filipek","year":"1994","journal-title":"Cereb. Cortex"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2020.146654_b0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.1016\/S0896-6273(02)00569-X","article-title":"Whole brain segmentation: automated labeling of neuroanatomical structures in the human brain","volume":"33","author":"Fischl","year":"2002","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2020.146654_b0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2014.05.010","article-title":"Effects of prenatal alcohol exposure on the development of white matter volume and change in executive function","volume":"5","author":"Gautam","year":"2014","journal-title":"Neuroimage Clin."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2020.146654_b0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1017","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.24409","article-title":"White matter microstructure in fetal alcohol spectrum disorders: a systematic review of diffusion tensor imaging studies","volume":"40","author":"Ghazi Sherbaf","year":"2019","journal-title":"Hum. Brain Mapp."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2020.146654_b0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"861","DOI":"10.1038\/13158","article-title":"Brain development during childhood and adolescence: a longitudinal MRI study","volume":"2","author":"Giedd","year":"1999","journal-title":"Nat. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2020.146654_b0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1186\/2042-6410-3-19","article-title":"Review: magnetic resonance imaging of male\/female differences in human adolescent brain anatomy","volume":"3","author":"Giedd","year":"2012","journal-title":"Biol Sex Differ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2020.146654_b0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1038\/npp.2014.236","article-title":"Child psychiatry branch of the National Institute of Mental Health longitudinal structural magnetic resonance imaging study of human brain development","volume":"40","author":"Giedd","year":"2015","journal-title":"Neuropsychopharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2020.146654_b0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"490","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/11.6.490","article-title":"Normal sexual dimorphism of the adult human brain assessed by in vivo magnetic resonance imaging","volume":"11","author":"Goldstein","year":"2001","journal-title":"Cereb. Cortex"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2020.146654_b0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1530-0277.2007.00585.x","article-title":"Impaired eyeblink conditioning in children with fetal alcohol syndrome","volume":"32","author":"Jacobson","year":"2008","journal-title":"Alcohol. Clin. Exp. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2020.146654_b0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"250","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1530-0277.2010.01341.x","article-title":"Impaired delay and trace eyeblink conditioning in school-age children with fetal alcohol syndrome","volume":"35","author":"Jacobson","year":"2011","journal-title":"Alcohol. Clin. Exp. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2020.146654_b0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"965","DOI":"10.1111\/acer.13363","article-title":"Heavy prenatal alcohol exposure is related to smaller corpus callosum in newborn MRI scans","volume":"41","author":"Jacobson","year":"2017","journal-title":"Alcohol. Clin. Exp. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2020.146654_b0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1096-8628(19960202)61:4<329::AID-AJMG6>3.0.CO;2-P","article-title":"Fetal alcohol syndrome: craniofacial and central nervous system manifestations","volume":"61","author":"Johnson","year":"1996","journal-title":"Am. J. Med. Genet."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2020.146654_b0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"659","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.22209","article-title":"Three-dimensional surface deformation-based shape analysis of hippocampus and caudate nucleus in children with fetal alcohol spectrum disorders","volume":"35","author":"Joseph","year":"2014","journal-title":"Hum. Brain Mapp."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2020.146654_b0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1314","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2009.04.001","article-title":"Role of testosterone in mediating prenatal ethanol effects on hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal activity in male rats","volume":"34","author":"Lan","year":"2009","journal-title":"Psychoneuroendocrinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2020.146654_b0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15243","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.1161-12.2012","article-title":"A longitudinal study of the long-term consequences of drinking during pregnancy: heavy in utero alcohol exposure disrupts the normal processes of brain development","volume":"32","author":"Lebel","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2020.146654_b0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"924","DOI":"10.1111\/acer.12051","article-title":"The influence of fetal ethanol exposure on subsequent development of the cerebral cortex as revealed by magnetic resonance imaging","volume":"37","author":"Leigland","year":"2013","journal-title":"Alcohol. Clin. Exp. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2020.146654_b0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3265","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.20747","article-title":"Voxelwise and skeleton-based region of interest analysis of fetal alcohol syndrome and fetal alcohol spectrum disorders in young adults","volume":"30","author":"Li","year":"2009","journal-title":"Hum. Brain Mapp."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2020.146654_b0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14265","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.2261-09.2009","article-title":"Why sex matters: brain size independent differences in gray matter distributions between men and women","volume":"29","author":"Luders","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2020.146654_b0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"820","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2013.09.040","article-title":"Why size matters: differences in brain volume account for apparent sex differences in callosal anatomy: the sexual dimorphism of the corpus callosum","volume":"84","author":"Luders","year":"2014","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2020.146654_b0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1214","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ALC.0000171934.22755.6D","article-title":"Evaluation of corpus callosum anisotropy in young adults with fetal alcohol syndrome according to diffusion tensor imaging","volume":"29","author":"Ma","year":"2005","journal-title":"Alcohol. Clin. Exp. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2020.146654_b0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1016\/0925-4927(93)90016-B","article-title":"Correction for head size in brain-imaging measurements","volume":"50","author":"Mathalon","year":"1993","journal-title":"Psychiatry Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2020.146654_b0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1016\/0892-0362(94)90050-7","article-title":"A decrease in the size of the basal ganglia following prenatal alcohol exposure: a preliminary report","volume":"16","author":"Mattson","year":"1994","journal-title":"Neurotoxicol. Teratol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2020.146654_b0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1088","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1530-0277.1996.tb01951.x","article-title":"A decrease in the size of the basal ganglia in children with fetal alcohol syndrome","volume":"20","author":"Mattson","year":"1996","journal-title":"Alcohol. Clin. Exp. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2020.146654_b0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"718","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(97)70099-4","article-title":"Heavy prenatal alcohol exposure with or without physical features of fetal alcohol syndrome leads to IQ deficits","volume":"131","author":"Mattson","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. Pediatr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2020.146654_b0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"146","DOI":"10.1037\/0894-4105.12.1.146","article-title":"Neuropsychological comparison of alcohol-exposed children with or without physical features of fetal alcohol syndrome","volume":"12","author":"Mattson","year":"1998","journal-title":"Neuropsychology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2020.146654_b0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1808","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1530-0277.1999.tb04077.x","article-title":"Executive functioning in children with heavy prenatal alcohol exposure","volume":"23","author":"Mattson","year":"1999","journal-title":"Alcohol. Clin. Exp. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2020.146654_b0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"474","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2017.21896","article-title":"Prevalence of fetal alcohol spectrum disorders in 4 US communities","volume":"319","author":"May","year":"2018","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2020.146654_b0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"152","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2014.04.001","article-title":"A tensor-based morphometry analysis of regional differences in brain volume in relation to prenatal alcohol exposure","volume":"5","author":"Meintjes","year":"2014","journal-title":"Neuroimage Clin."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2020.146654_b0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2016.07.044","article-title":"Structural brain development between childhood and adulthood: convergence across four longitudinal samples","volume":"141","author":"Mills","year":"2016","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2020.146654_b0245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1007\/s40474-015-0053-7","article-title":"What happens when children with fetal alcohol spectrum disorders become adults?","volume":"2","author":"Moore","year":"2015","journal-title":"Curr. Dev. Disord. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2020.146654_b0250","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ntt.2016.09.001","article-title":"Pituitary lacks sexual dimorphism and displays reduced signal intensity on T1-weighted MRI in adolescents with histories of heavy prenatal alcohol exposure","volume":"57","author":"Moore","year":"2016","journal-title":"Neurotoxicol. Teratol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2020.146654_b0255","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1103","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(12)70226-0","article-title":"Cognitive decline in older adults with a history of traumatic brain injury","volume":"11","author":"Moretti","year":"2012","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2020.146654_b0260","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4496","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2013.52.2268","article-title":"Physiologic frailty as a sign of accelerated aging among adult survivors of childhood cancer: a report from the St Jude Lifetime cohort study","volume":"31","author":"Ness","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Clin. Oncol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2020.146654_b0265","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/S0925-4927(99)00044-X","article-title":"Sexual dimorphism in the human brain: evaluation of tissue volume, tissue composition and surface anatomy using magnetic resonance imaging","volume":"98","author":"Nopoulos","year":"2000","journal-title":"Psychiatry Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2020.146654_b0270","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pscychresns.2011.01.007","article-title":"Statistical adjustments for brain size in volumetric neuroimaging studies: some practical implications in methods","volume":"193","author":"O'Brien","year":"2011","journal-title":"Psychiatry Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2020.146654_b0275","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1101","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2011.05.004","article-title":"Sex steroids and connectivity in the human brain: a review of neuroimaging studies","volume":"36","author":"Peper","year":"2011","journal-title":"Psychoneuroendocrinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2020.146654_b0280","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"472","DOI":"10.3109\/08039488.2015.1009487","article-title":"Cognitive and executive functions, social cognition and sense of coherence in adults with fetal alcohol syndrome","volume":"69","author":"Rangmar","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nord. J. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2020.146654_b0285","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1592","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1316911111","article-title":"Longitudinal four-dimensional mapping of subcortical anatomy in human development","volume":"111","author":"Raznahan","year":"2014","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2020.146654_b0290","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1246","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.21283","article-title":"Normal sexual dimorphism in the human basal ganglia","volume":"33","author":"Rijpkema","year":"2012","journal-title":"Hum. Brain Mapp."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2020.146654_b0295","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1198","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1530-0277.1995.tb01600.x","article-title":"Abnormalities of the corpus callosum in children prenatally exposed to alcohol","volume":"19","author":"Riley","year":"1995","journal-title":"Alcohol. Clin. Exp. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2020.146654_b0300","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.1177\/15353702-0323006-03","article-title":"Fetal alcohol spectrum disorders: an overview with emphasis on changes in brain and behavior","volume":"230","author":"Riley","year":"2005","journal-title":"Exp. Biol. Med. (Maywood)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2020.146654_b0305","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1007\/s11065-011-9166-x","article-title":"Fetal alcohol spectrum disorders: an overview","volume":"21","author":"Riley","year":"2011","journal-title":"Neuropsychol. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2020.146654_b0310","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"252","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1530-0277.1998.tb03646.x","article-title":"Prenatal exposure to alcohol affects the ability to maintain postural balance","volume":"22","author":"Roebuck","year":"1998","journal-title":"Alcohol. Clin. Exp. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2020.146654_b0315","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1070","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1530-0277.1999.tb04227.x","article-title":"Behavioral and psychosocial profiles of alcohol-exposed children","volume":"23","author":"Roebuck","year":"1999","journal-title":"Alcohol. Clin. Exp. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2020.146654_b0320","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"920","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.21260","article-title":"Regional brain volume reductions relate to facial dysmorphology and neurocognitive function in fetal alcohol spectrum disorders","volume":"33","author":"Roussotte","year":"2012","journal-title":"Hum. Brain Mapp."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2020.146654_b0325","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2013.12.004","article-title":"A meta-analysis of sex differences in human brain structure","volume":"39","author":"Ruigrok","year":"2014","journal-title":"Neurosci. Biobehav. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2020.146654_b0330","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"354","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pscychresns.2011.05.004","article-title":"Default mode network dysfunction in adults with prenatal alcohol exposure","volume":"194","author":"Santhanam","year":"2011","journal-title":"Psychiatry Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2020.146654_b0335","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19649","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0707741104","article-title":"Attention-deficit\/hyperactivity disorder is characterized by a delay in cortical maturation","volume":"104","author":"Shaw","year":"2007","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2020.146654_b0340","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39818","DOI":"10.1038\/srep39818","article-title":"Sex-related difference in human white matter volumes studied: inspection of the corpus callosum and other white matter by VBM","volume":"7","author":"Shiino","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2020.146654_b0345","first-page":"179 e1","article-title":"Fetal alcohol spectrum disorders in young adulthood","volume":"150, 175\u20139","author":"Spohr","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Pediatr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2020.146654_b0350","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2174","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1530-0277.2011.01566.x","article-title":"Diffusion tensor imaging of the cerebellum and eyeblink conditioning in fetal alcohol spectrum disorder","volume":"35","author":"Spottiswoode","year":"2011","journal-title":"Alcohol. Clin. Exp. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2020.146654_b0355","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1002","DOI":"10.1097\/00001756-199505090-00013","article-title":"Corpus callosum and brain volume in women and men","volume":"6","author":"Steinmetz","year":"1995","journal-title":"NeuroReport"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2020.146654_b0360","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1007\/s10880-007-9067-6","article-title":"Offspring effects of prenatal alcohol exposure from birth to 25 years: the seattle prospective longitudinal study","volume":"14","author":"Streissguth","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Clin. Psychol. Med. Settings"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2020.146654_b0365","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1961","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1991.03460150065025","article-title":"Fetal alcohol syndrome in adolescents and adults","volume":"265","author":"Streissguth","year":"1991","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2020.146654_b0370","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"228","DOI":"10.1097\/00004703-200408000-00002","article-title":"Risk factors for adverse life outcomes in fetal alcohol syndrome and fetal alcohol effects","volume":"25","author":"Streissguth","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Dev. Behav. Pediatr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2020.146654_b0375","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"603","DOI":"10.1016\/S0197-4580(01)00232-9","article-title":"Sex differences in corpus callosum size: relationship to age and intracranial size","volume":"22","author":"Sullivan","year":"2001","journal-title":"Neurobiol. Aging"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2020.146654_b0380","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2009.08.016","article-title":"Cerebellum development during childhood and adolescence: a longitudinal morphometric MRI study","volume":"49","author":"Tiemeier","year":"2010","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2020.146654_b0385","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10098","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.5004-12.2013","article-title":"Longitudinal MRI reveals altered trajectory of brain development during childhood and adolescence in fetal alcohol spectrum disorders","volume":"33","author":"Treit","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2020.146654_b0390","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"284","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2017.05.006","article-title":"Sexual dimorphism of volume reduction but not cognitive deficit in fetal alcohol spectrum disorders: a combined diffusion tensor imaging, cortical thickness and brain volume study","volume":"15","author":"Treit","year":"2017","journal-title":"Neuroimage Clin."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2020.146654_b0395","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"531","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2009.08.014","article-title":"Childhood maltreatment and telomere shortening: preliminary support for an effect of early stress on cellular aging","volume":"67","author":"Tyrka","year":"2010","journal-title":"Biol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2020.146654_b0400","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"411","DOI":"10.1037\/neu0000350","article-title":"Cognitive control and associated neural correlates in adults with spina bifida myelomeningocele","volume":"31","author":"Ware","year":"2017","journal-title":"Neuropsychology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2020.146654_b0405","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2055","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bhp280","article-title":"Life-span changes of the human brain white matter: diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and volumetry","volume":"20","author":"Westlye","year":"2010","journal-title":"Cereb. Cortex"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2020.146654_b0410","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1018","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1530-0277.2001.tb02311.x","article-title":"Comparison of the adaptive functioning of children prenatally exposed to alcohol to a nonexposed clinical sample","volume":"25","author":"Whaley","year":"2001","journal-title":"Alcohol. Clin. Exp. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2020.146654_b0415","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2014.03.072","article-title":"Typical development of basal ganglia, hippocampus, amygdala and cerebellum from age 7 to 24","volume":"96","author":"Wierenga","year":"2014","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2020.146654_b0420","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1007\/s11065-011-9162-1","article-title":"What does diffusion tensor imaging reveal about the brain and cognition in fetal alcohol spectrum disorders?","volume":"21","author":"Wozniak","year":"2011","journal-title":"Neuropsychol. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2020.146654_b0425","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1002\/ddrr.1128","article-title":"Atypical aging in Down syndrome","volume":"18","author":"Zigman","year":"2013","journal-title":"Dev. Disabil. Res. Rev."}],"container-title":["Brain Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S000689932030010X?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S000689932030010X?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,13]],"date-time":"2025-09-13T18:06:22Z","timestamp":1757786782000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S000689932030010X"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,4]]},"references-count":85,"alternative-id":["S000689932030010X"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.brainres.2020.146654","relation":{},"ISSN":["0006-8993"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0006-8993","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Neurodevelopment in adolescents and adults with fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD): A magnetic resonance region of interest analysis","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Brain Research","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.brainres.2020.146654","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2020 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"146654"}}