{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,6]],"date-time":"2025-11-06T12:25:10Z","timestamp":1762431910121,"version":"3.44.0"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,1]],"date-time":"2020-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1604188800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,1]],"date-time":"2020-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1604188800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Brain Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,11]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2020.147008","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,6]],"date-time":"2020-07-06T01:42:05Z","timestamp":1593999725000},"page":"147008","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Cocaine added to heroin fails to affect heroin-induced brain hypoxia"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"1746","author":[{"given":"Shruthi A.","family":"Thomas","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Perekopskiy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eugene A.","family":"Kiyatkin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2020.147008_b0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resp.2011.09.004","article-title":"Respiratory, cererovascular and cardiovascular responses to isocapnic hypoxia","volume":"179","author":"Battisti-Charbonney","year":"2011","journal-title":"Respir. Physiol. Neurobiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2020.147008_b0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"353","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pharma.2009.06.005","article-title":"Mechanisms of opioid-induced overdose: experimental approach to clinical concerns","volume":"67","author":"Baud","year":"2009","journal-title":"Ann. Pharm. Fr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2020.147008_b0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2017.07.025","article-title":"Brain temperature effects of intravenous heroin: state dependency, environmental modulation, and the effects of dose","volume":"126","author":"Bola","year":"2017","journal-title":"Neuropharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2020.147008_b0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4028","DOI":"10.1039\/c1an15324b","article-title":"An in vitro characterization comparing carbon paste and Pt microelectrodes for real-time detection of brain tissue oxygen","volume":"136","author":"Bolger","year":"2011","journal-title":"Analyst"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2020.147008_b0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1007\/s00213-005-2244-0","article-title":"Brain temperature changes and movement activation induced by intravenous cocaine delivered at various injection speeds in rats","volume":"181","author":"Brown","year":"2005","journal-title":"Psyhopharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2020.147008_b0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"825","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/aei145","article-title":"Comparison of the respiratory effects of intravenous buprenorphine and fentanyl in humans and rats","volume":"94","author":"Dahan","year":"2005","journal-title":"Br. J. Anaesth."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2020.147008_b0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1016\/S0166-4328(02)00286-3","article-title":"Nucleus accumbens shell and core dopamine: differential role in behavior and addiction","volume":"137","author":"Di Chiara","year":"2002","journal-title":"Behav. Brain Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2020.147008_b0040","unstructured":"Jaffe, J.H., Knapp, C.M., Ciraulo, D.A., 1997. Opiates: Clinical Aspects. In: Substance Abuse. A comprehensive Textbook (3rd Ed) edited by Lowinson JH, Ruis P., Millman RB Langrod JG. (pp. 158-165). Baltimore et al.: Williams and Wilkins."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2020.147008_b0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2019.02.008","article-title":"Respiratory depression and brain hypoxia induced by opioid drugs: Morphine, oxycodone, heroin, fentanyl","volume":"151","author":"Kiyatkin","year":"2019","journal-title":"Neuropharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2020.147008_b0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"343","DOI":"10.1007\/s00213-007-0965-y","article-title":"Behavioral and brain temperature responses to salient stimuli and intravenous cocaine in rats: effects of diazepam","volume":"196","author":"Kiyatkin","year":"2008","journal-title":"Psychopharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2020.147008_b0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R285","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpregu.00628.2009","article-title":"Rapid EEG desynchronization and EMG activation induced by intravenous cocaine in freely moving rats: a peripheral, non-dopamine triggering","volume":"298","author":"Kiyatkin","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. Integr. Comp. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2020.147008_b0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1089","DOI":"10.1007\/s00213-011-2438-6","article-title":"Acquisition of cocaine self-administration in male Sprague-Dawley rats: effects of cocaine dose but not initial locomotor response to cocaine","volume":"219","author":"Mandt","year":"2012","journal-title":"Psychopharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2020.147008_b0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"747","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/aen094","article-title":"Opioids and the control of respiration","volume":"100","author":"Pattinson","year":"2008","journal-title":"Br. J. Anaesth."},{"year":"1998","series-title":"The Rat Brain in Stereotaxic Coordinates","author":"Paxinos","key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2020.147008_b0070"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2020.147008_b0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"122","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3565(25)27954-X","article-title":"Cocaine-reinforced behavior in rats: effects of reinforcement magnitude and fixed-ratio size","volume":"161","author":"Pickens","year":"1968","journal-title":"J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2020.147008_b0080","first-page":"52","article-title":"Recent studies of cerebral blood flow and cerebral metabolism in man","volume":"60","author":"Schmidt","year":"1947","journal-title":"Trans. Assoc. Am. Phys."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2020.147008_b0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Solis, E. Jr., Cameron-Burr, K.T., Shaham. Y., Kiyatkin, E.A., 2017a. Intravenous heroin induces rapid brain hypoxia and hyperglycemia that precede brain metabolic response. eNeuro 4 3 2017 ENEURO.0151-17.2017.","DOI":"10.1523\/ENEURO.0151-17.2017"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2020.147008_b0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Solis, E. Jr., Cameron-Burr, K.T., Kiyatkin, E.A., 2017b. Rapid physiological fluctuations in nucleus accumbens oxygen levels induced by arousing stimuli: Relationships with changes in brain glucose and metabolic brain activation. Front. Integr. Neurosci. Apr 24; 11:9. doi: 10.3389\/fnint.2017.00009. eCollection 2017.","DOI":"10.3389\/fnint.2017.00009"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2020.147008_b0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"810","DOI":"10.1038\/npp.2017.181","article-title":"Fentanyl-induced brain hypoxia triggers brain hyperglycemia and biphasic changes in brain temperature","volume":"43","author":"Solis","year":"2018","journal-title":"Neuropsychopharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2020.147008_b0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1923","DOI":"10.1021\/acschemneuro.8b00302","article-title":"Intravenous cocaine increases oxygen entry into brain tissue: critical role of peripheral drug actions","volume":"10","author":"Solis","year":"2018","journal-title":"ACS Chem. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2020.147008_b0105","first-page":"1","article-title":"Drugs most frequently involved in drug overdose deaths: United States, 2010\u20132014","volume":"65","author":"Warner","year":"2016","journal-title":"Natl. Vital Stat. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2020.147008_b9000","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/0301-0082(89)90033-6","article-title":"Opioids and respiration","volume":"33","author":"Yeadon","year":"1989","journal-title":"Prog. Neurobiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2020.147008_b0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"469","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-295X.94.4.469","article-title":"A psychomotor stimulant theory of addiction","volume":"94","author":"Wise","year":"1987","journal-title":"Psychol. Rev."}],"container-title":["Brain Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0006899320303644?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0006899320303644?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,13]],"date-time":"2025-09-13T18:11:45Z","timestamp":1757787105000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0006899320303644"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,11]]},"references-count":23,"alternative-id":["S0006899320303644"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.brainres.2020.147008","relation":{},"ISSN":["0006-8993"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0006-8993"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Cocaine added to heroin fails to affect heroin-induced brain hypoxia","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Brain Research","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.brainres.2020.147008","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Published by Elsevier B.V.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"147008"}}