{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,16]],"date-time":"2025-09-16T19:14:44Z","timestamp":1758050084556,"version":"3.44.0"},"reference-count":110,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,1]],"date-time":"2023-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1672531200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,1]],"date-time":"2023-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1672531200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,1]],"date-time":"2023-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1672531200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,1]],"date-time":"2023-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1672531200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,1]],"date-time":"2023-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1672531200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,1]],"date-time":"2023-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1672531200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,1]],"date-time":"2023-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1672531200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Brain Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,1]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2022.148176","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,26]],"date-time":"2022-11-26T13:32:31Z","timestamp":1669469551000},"page":"148176","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Challenges in the pharmacological treatment of patients under suspicion of chronic traumatic encephalopathy: A review"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"1799","author":[{"given":"Lorena","family":"Roberta de Souza Mendes Kawamura","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Isabela","family":"Ferreira Lima Mota","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Amanda","family":"Santos Vasconcelos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M\u00e1rcia","family":"Renata Mortari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2022.148176_b0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2463","DOI":"10.1002\/jnr.24920","article-title":"Unconventional animal models for traumatic brain injury and chronic traumatic encephalopathy","volume":"99","author":"Ackermans","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Neurosci. Res."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2022.148176_b0010","first-page":"1","article-title":"Cis P-tau is induced in clinical and preclinical brain injury and contributes to post-injury sequelae","volume":"8","author":"Albayram","year":"2017","journal-title":"Naturecommunications"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2022.148176_b0015","first-page":"33","article-title":"Repetitive head impact exposure and later-life plasma total tau in former National Football League players","volume":"7","author":"Alosco","year":"2017","journal-title":"Alzheimer's & Dement Diagnosis Assess. Dis. Monitor."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2022.148176_b0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awaa071","article-title":"tau immunophenotypes in chronic traumatic encephalopathy recapitulate those of ageing and Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"143","author":"Arena","year":"2020","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2022.148176_b0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"830","DOI":"10.1590\/S0004-282X2007000500019","article-title":"Dementia pugilistica with clinical features of Alzheimer's disease","volume":"65","author":"Areza-Fegyveres","year":"2007","journal-title":"Arq. Neuropsiquiatr."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2022.148176_b0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"154","DOI":"10.1111\/nan.12323","article-title":"A quantitative study of tau pathology in 11 cases of chronic traumatic encephalopathy","volume":"43","author":"Armstrong","year":"2017","journal-title":"Neuropathol. Appl. Neurobiol."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2022.148176_b0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"623","DOI":"10.1007\/s00259-020-04926-4","article-title":"A critical review of radiotracers in the positron emission tomography imaging of traumatic brain injury: FDG, tau, and amyloid imaging in mild traumatic brain injury and chronic traumatic encephalopathy","volume":"48","author":"Ayubcha","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur. J. Nucl. Med. Mol. Imaging"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2022.148176_b0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1617","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.2009.1239","article-title":"Docosahexaenoic acid reduces traumatic axonal injury in a rodent head injury model","volume":"27","author":"Bailes","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Neurotrauma"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2022.148176_b0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1235","DOI":"10.3171\/2013.7.JNS121822","article-title":"Role of subconcussion in repetitive mild traumatic brain injury: a review","volume":"119","author":"Bailes","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Neurosurg."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2022.148176_b0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1016\/j.csm.2010.09.001","article-title":"The molecular pathophysiology of concussive brain injury","volume":"30","author":"Barkhoudarian","year":"2011","journal-title":"Clin. Sports Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2022.148176_b0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Barrio, J.R., Small, G.W., Wong, K.P., Huang, S.C., Liu, J., Merrill, D.A., Giza, C.C., Fitzsimmons, R.P., Omalu, B., Bailes, J., Kepe, V. In vivo characterization of chronic traumatic encephalopathy using [F-18]FDDNP PET brain imaging. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 2015; 112(16), E2039-E2047. 10.1073\/pnas.1409952112.","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1409952112"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2022.148176_b0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Baugh, C.M., Stamm, J.M., Riley, D.O., Gavett, B.E., Shenton, M.E., Lin, A., Nowinski, C.J., Cantu, R.C., McKee, A.C., Stern, R.A., 2012. Chronic traumatic encephalopathy: neurodegeneration following repetitive concussive and subconcussive brain trauma. Brain imaging and behavior. 2012; 6(2), 244-254 10.1007\/s11682-012-9164-5.","DOI":"10.1007\/s11682-012-9164-5"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2022.148176_b0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1111\/bpa.12757","article-title":"Association between contact sports participation and chronic traumatic encephalopathy: a retrospective cohort study","volume":"30","author":"Bieniek","year":"2020","journal-title":"Brain Pathol."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2022.148176_b0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"210","DOI":"10.1093\/jnen\/nlab001","article-title":"The second NINDS\/NIBIB consensus meeting to define neuropathological criteria for the diagnosis of chronic traumatic encephalopathy","volume":"80","author":"Bieniek","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Neuropathol. Exp. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2022.148176_b0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.7326\/M17-2707","article-title":"Chief Concern:\u201cI'm worried i have chronic traumatic encephalopathy\u201d","volume":"168","author":"Brody","year":"2018","journal-title":"Ann. Intern. Med."},{"year":"2017","series-title":"Chronic traumatic encephalopathy: proceedings of the Boston University Alzheimer\u2019s disease center talks","author":"Budson","key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2022.148176_b0085"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2022.148176_b0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.avb.2020.101417","article-title":"Suicide as a clinical feature of chronic traumatic encephalopathy: What is the evidence?","volume":"54","author":"Burley","year":"2020","journal-title":"Aggress. Violent Behav."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2022.148176_b0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bja.2019.02.032","article-title":"Xenon improves long-term cognitive function, reduces neuronal loss and chronic neuroinflammation, and improves survival after traumatic brain injury in mice","volume":"123","author":"Campos-Pires","year":"2019","journal-title":"Br. J. Anaesth."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2022.148176_b0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1015","DOI":"10.1080\/14737175.2019.1633916","article-title":"Management of chronic traumatic encephalopathy","volume":"19","author":"Cantu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Expert Rev. Neurother."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2022.148176_b0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"226","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bhz083","article-title":"Synaptic connectivity and cortical maturation are promoted by the \u03c9-3 fatty acid docosahexaenoic acid","volume":"30","author":"Carbone","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cereb. Cortex"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2022.148176_b0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"493","DOI":"10.1097\/NEN.0000000000000193","article-title":"Chronic effects of mild neurotrauma: putting the cart before the horse?","volume":"74","author":"Castellani","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Neuropathol. Exp. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2022.148176_b0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chalecka-Franaszek, E., Chuang, D.M. Lithium activates the serine\/threonine kinase Akt-1 and suppresses glutamate-induced inhibition of Akt-1 activity in neurons. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 1999; 96(15), 8745-8750. 10.1073\/pnas.96.15.8745.","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.96.15.8745"},{"issue":"21","key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2022.148176_b0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5213","DOI":"10.1111\/febs.12407","article-title":"Glycogen synthase kinase 3 substrates in mood disorders and schizophrenia","volume":"280","author":"Cole","year":"2013","journal-title":"FEBS jornal."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2022.148176_b0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Critchley, M. Medical aspects of boxing: particularly from a neurological standpoint. British medical journal.1957; 1(5015), 357. 10.1136\/bmj.1.5015.357.","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.1.5015.357"},{"issue":"1101","key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2022.148176_b0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20180925","DOI":"10.1259\/bjr.20180925","article-title":"Emerging advances of in vivo detection of chronic traumatic encephalopathy and traumatic brain injury","volume":"92","author":"Dallmeier","year":"2019","journal-title":"Br. J. Radiol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2022.148176_b0135","first-page":"67","article-title":"Encephalopathies: etiology, pathophysiology, and clinical management of some major forms of disease presentation","volume":"11","author":"Damiani","year":"2013","journal-title":"Rev Bras Clin Med. S\u00e3o Paulo"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2022.148176_b0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"648","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.23648","article-title":"The blood\u2013brain barrier in health and disease","volume":"72","author":"Daneman","year":"2012","journal-title":"Ann. Neurol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2022.148176_b0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1016\/j.csm.2010.09.006","article-title":"Helmets and mouth guards: the role of personal equipment in preventing sport-related concussions","volume":"30","author":"Daneshvar","year":"2011","journal-title":"Clin. Sports Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2022.148176_b0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S26","DOI":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2015.08.011","article-title":"Imaging biomarkers in tauopathies","volume":"22","author":"Dani","year":"2016","journal-title":"Parkinsonism Relat. Disord."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2022.148176_b0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e11383","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0011383","article-title":"Valproate administered after traumatic brain injury provides neuroprotection and improves cognitive function in rats","volume":"5","author":"Dash","year":"2010","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2022.148176_b0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e24648","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0024648","article-title":"Involvement of the glycogen synthase kinase-3 signaling pathway in TBI pathology and neurocognitive outcome","volume":"6","author":"Dash","year":"2011","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2022.148176_b0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"656","DOI":"10.1093\/jnen\/nlw036","article-title":"Blood\u2013brain barrier dysfunction as a hallmark pathology in chronic traumatic encephalopathy","volume":"75","author":"Doherty","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Neuropathol. Exp. Neurol."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2022.148176_b0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1111\/jne.12432","article-title":"Sex hormone decline and amyloid \u03b2 synthesis, transport and clearance in the brain","volume":"28","author":"Duarte","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Neuroendocrinol."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2022.148176_b0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1007\/s10561-008-9077-0","article-title":"Brain banks: benefits, limitations and cautions concerning the use of post-mortem brain tissue for molecular studies","volume":"9","author":"Ferrer","year":"2008","journal-title":"Cell Tissue Bank."},{"issue":"10.16966","key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2022.148176_b0180","first-page":"2379","article-title":"A review of traumatic brain injury animal models: are We lacking adequate models replicating chronic traumatic encephalopathy","volume":"2","author":"Galgano","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Neurol. Neurobiol."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2022.148176_b0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/alzrt42","article-title":"Mild traumatic brain injury: a risk factor for neurodegeneration","volume":"2","author":"Gavett","year":"2010","journal-title":"Alzheimers Res. Ther."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2022.148176_b0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"525","DOI":"10.1097\/WCO.0b013e32834cd477","article-title":"Clinical appraisal of chronic traumatic encephalopathy: current perspectives and future directions","volume":"24","author":"Gavett","year":"2011","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2022.148176_b0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.1111\/bdi.12757","article-title":"Lithium treatment for chronic traumatic encephalopathy: a proposal","volume":"21","author":"Ghaemi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Bipolar Disord."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2022.148176_b0200","first-page":"1","article-title":"Considerations for animal models of blast-related traumatic brain injury and chronic traumatic encephalopathy","volume":"6","author":"Goldstein","year":"2014","journal-title":"Alzheimers Res. Ther."},{"year":"2018","series-title":"Sports neurology: non-concussion considerations. Sports Neurology","author":"Hainline","key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2022.148176_b0205"},{"issue":"19","key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2022.148176_b0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2298","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.2018.5767","article-title":"Amantadine did not positively impact cognition in chronic traumatic brain injury: a multi-site, randomized, controlled trial","volume":"35","author":"Hammond","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Neurotrauma"},{"issue":"s1","key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2022.148176_b0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S141","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-2012-129025","article-title":"GSK3 and tau: two convergence points in Alzheimer's disease","volume":"33","author":"Hernandez","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Alzheimers Dis."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2022.148176_b0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00304630","article-title":"Differential distribution of neurofibrillary tangles in the cerebral cortex of dementia pugilistica and Alzheimer\u2019s disease cases","volume":"85","author":"Hof","year":"1992","journal-title":"Acta Neuropathol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2022.148176_b0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3940(92)90846-Y","article-title":"Distribution of neurofibrillary tangles and senile plaques in the cerebral cortex in postencephalitic parkinsonism","volume":"139","author":"Hof","year":"1992","journal-title":"Neurosci. Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2022.148176_b0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2020.00261","article-title":"Pharmacotherapy of Alzheimer\u2019s Disease: Seeking Clarity in a Time of Uncertainty","volume":"11","author":"Ibrahim","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2022.148176_b0235","unstructured":"Ignowski, E.E. Preclinical Assessment of Immunocal\u00ae as a Preventative Treatment for Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) in a Mouse Model of Closed Head Injury. University of Denver. 2017. Electronic Theses and Dissertations. 1477."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2022.148176_b0245","first-page":"fcab001","article-title":"Symptoms of traumatic encephalopathy syndrome are common in the US general population","volume":"3","author":"Iverson","year":"2021","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2022.148176_b0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"276","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2015.05.008","article-title":"A critical review of chronic traumatic encephalopathy","volume":"56","author":"Iverson","year":"2015","journal-title":"Neurosci. Biobehav. Rev."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2022.148176_b0250","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-170654","article-title":"The need to separate chronic traumatic encephalopathy neuropathology from clinical features","volume":"61","author":"Iverson","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Alzheimers Dis."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2022.148176_b0255","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"353","DOI":"10.1007\/s13273-019-0039-3","article-title":"Current fluid biomarkers, animal models, and imaging tools for diagnosing chronic traumatic encephalopathy","volume":"15","author":"Jamerlan","year":"2019","journal-title":"Mol. Cell. Toxicol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2022.148176_b0260","first-page":"147","article-title":"Epidemiologia da les\u00e3o cerebral no boxe","author":"Jordan","year":"1993","journal-title":"Aspectos M\u00e9dicos do Boxe. Boca Raton"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2022.148176_b0265","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"136","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1997.03550020068040","article-title":"Apolipoprotein E\u2208 4 associated with chronic traumatic brain injury in boxing","volume":"278","author":"Jordan","year":"1997","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2022.148176_b0270","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jordan, B.D. Chronic traumatic brain injury associated with boxing. In Seminars in neurology.2000; 20(2), 179-186. Copyright\u00a9 2000 by Thieme Medical Publishers, Inc., 333 Seventh Avenue, New York, NY 10001, USA. Tel.:+ 1 (212) 584-4662. DOI: 10.1055\/s-2000-9826.","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2000-9826"},{"issue":"18","key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2022.148176_b0275","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"848","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000011850","article-title":"National Institute of neurological disorders and stroke consensus diagnostic criteria for traumatic encephalopathy syndrome","volume":"96","author":"Katz","year":"2021","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"21","key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2022.148176_b0280","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4067","DOI":"10.1111\/febs.13412","article-title":"The dynamic blood\u2013brain barrier","volume":"282","author":"Keaney","year":"2015","journal-title":"FEBS J."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2022.148176_b0285","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1143","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.56.9.1143","article-title":"Practice parameter: diagnosis of dementia (an evidenced-based review). Reports of the quality standards subcommittee of the american academy of neurology","volume":"56","author":"Knopman","year":"2001","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"7561","key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2022.148176_b0290","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"431","DOI":"10.1038\/nature14658","article-title":"Antibody against early driver of neurodegeneration cis P-tau blocks brain injury and tauopathy","volume":"523","author":"Kondo","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2022.148176_b0295","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1137","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-141875","article-title":"Update on the neuroprotective effect of estrogen receptor alpha against Alzheimer's disease","volume":"43","author":"Lan","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Alzheimers Dis."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2022.148176_b0300","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"422","DOI":"10.1021\/cn500040g","article-title":"A new avenue for lithium: intervention in traumatic brain injury","volume":"5","author":"Leeds","year":"2014","journal-title":"ACS Chem. Nerosci."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2022.148176_b0305","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1712","DOI":"10.1002\/jcp.26083","article-title":"17\u03b2-estradiol rescues damages following traumatic brain injury from molecule to behavior in mice","volume":"233","author":"Lu","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Cell. Physiol."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2022.148176_b0310","article-title":"Role of tau acetylation in Alzheimer\u2019s disease and chronic traumatic encephalopathy: the way forward for successful treatment","volume":"4","author":"Lucke-Wold","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Neurol. Neurosurg."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2022.148176_b0315","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"711","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-141422","article-title":"Common mechanisms of Alzheimer's disease and ischemic stroke: the role of protein kinase C in the progression of age-related neurodegeneration","volume":"43","author":"Lucke-Wold","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Alzheimers Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2022.148176_b0320","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Martinez-Perez, R., Paredes, I., Munarriz, P.M., Paredes, B., Alen, J.F., 2017. Chronic traumatic encephalopathy: The unknown disease. Neurolog\u00eda (English Edition). 2017; 32(3), 185-191. 10.1016\/j.nrleng.2014.08.009.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nrleng.2014.08.009"},{"issue":"15","key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2022.148176_b0325","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1103","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1928.02700150029009","article-title":"Punch drunk","volume":"91","author":"Martland","year":"1928","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2022.148176_b0330","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"809","DOI":"10.1177\/0004867414536932","article-title":"Standard and trace-dose lithium: a systematic review of dementia prevention and other behavioral benefits","volume":"48","author":"Mauer","year":"2014","journal-title":"Aust. N. Z. J. Psychiatry"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2022.148176_b0335","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"709","DOI":"10.1097\/NEN.0b013e3181a9d503","article-title":"Chronic traumatic encephalopathy in athletes: progressive tauopathy after repetitive head injury","volume":"68","author":"McKee","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Neuropathol. Exp. Neurol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2022.148176_b0340","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/aws307","article-title":"The spectrum of disease in chronic traumatic encephalopathy","volume":"136","author":"McKee","year":"2013","journal-title":"Brain"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2022.148176_b0345","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1007\/s00401-015-1515-z","article-title":"The first NINDS\/NIBIB consensus meeting to define neuropathological criteria for the diagnosis of chronic traumatic encephalopathy","volume":"131","author":"McKee","year":"2016","journal-title":"Acta Neuropathol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2022.148176_b0350","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mendez, M.F., 1995. The neuropsychiatric aspects of boxing. The International Journal of Psychiatry in Medicine. 1995; 25(3), 249-262. 10.2190\/CUMK-THT1-X98M-WB4C.","DOI":"10.2190\/CUMK-THT1-X98M-WB4C"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2022.148176_b0355","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2017.05.059","article-title":"Estrogen and Alzheimer's disease: still an attractive topic, despite conception with early clinical results","volume":"817","author":"Merlo","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur. J. Pharmacol."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2022.148176_b0360","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"360","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2017.8334","article-title":"Clinicopathological evaluation of chronic traumatic encephalopathy in players of American football","volume":"318","author":"Mez","year":"2017","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2022.148176_b0365","first-page":"297","article-title":"Dementia pugilistica","volume":"35","author":"Millspaugh","year":"1937","journal-title":"U. S. Naval Med. Bull."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2022.148176_b0370","first-page":"1","article-title":"Clinical subtypes of chronic traumatic encephalopathy: literature review and proposed research diagnostic criteria for traumatic encephalopathy syndrome","volume":"6","author":"Montenigro","year":"2014","journal-title":"Alzheimers Res. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2022.148176_b0375","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1059","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2019.01059","article-title":"Proteomic profiling of extracellular vesicles isolated from cerebrospinal fluid of former national football league players at risk for chronic traumatic encephalopathy","volume":"13","author":"Muraoka","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front. Neurosci."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2022.148176_b0385","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"218","DOI":"10.1590\/1980-57642016dn11-030002","article-title":"Soccer (Football Association) and chronic traumatic encephalopathy: a short review and recommendation","volume":"11","author":"Nitrini","year":"2005","journal-title":"Dementia & Neuropsychologia."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2022.148176_b0390","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.2176\/nmc.51.1","article-title":"Effects of edaravone on a rat model of punch-drunk syndrome","volume":"51","author":"Nomoto","year":"2011","journal-title":"Neurol. Med. Chir."},{"issue":"13","key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2022.148176_b0395","article-title":"Applying the Bradford Hill criteria for causation to repetitive head impacts and chronic traumatic encephalopathy","volume":"22","author":"Nowinski","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Neurol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2022.148176_b0400","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.1227\/01.NEU.0000163407.92769.ED","article-title":"Chronic traumatic encephalopathy in a National Football League player","volume":"57","author":"Omalu","year":"2005","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2022.148176_b0405","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Omalu, B., Small, G.W., Bailes, J., Ercoli, L.M., Merrill, D.A., Wong, K.P., Huang, S. C., Satyamurthy, N., Hammers, J.L., Lee, J., Fitzsimmons, R.P., Barrio, J.R., 2018. Postmortem Autopsy Confrmation of Antemortem [F-18]FDDNP-PET Scans in a Football Player With Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy. Neurosurgery. 2018; 82(2), 237-246. 10.1093\/neuros\/nyx536.","DOI":"10.1093\/neuros\/nyx536"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2022.148176_b0410","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e21e23","DOI":"10.1227\/NEU.0000000000001768","article-title":"In reply: recommendation to create new neuropathologic guidelines for the postmortem diagnosis of chronic traumatic encephalopathy","volume":"90","author":"Omalu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"issue":"13","key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2022.148176_b0415","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1211","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.2013.3255","article-title":"The spectrum of neurobehavioral sequelae after repetitive mild traumatic brain injury: a novel mouse model of chronic traumatic encephalopathy","volume":"31","author":"Petraglia","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Neurotrauma"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2022.148176_b0420","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"415","DOI":"10.3390\/biomedicines9040415","article-title":"Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy: Update on Current Clinical Diagnosis and Management","volume":"9","author":"Pierre","year":"2021","journal-title":"Biomedicines."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2022.148176_b0425","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"386","DOI":"10.3390\/medicina55070386","volume":"55","author":"Pozdnyakov","year":"2019","journal-title":"Medicina"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2022.148176_b0435","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"952","DOI":"10.1097\/MNM.0b013e32833e37c4","article-title":"F-18 FDG PET imaging of chronic traumatic brain injury in boxers: a statistical parametric analysis","volume":"31","author":"Provenzano","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nucl. Med. Commun."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2022.148176_b0440","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"638","DOI":"10.1038\/mp.2016.236","article-title":"Antemortem biomarker support for a diagnosis of clinically probable chronic traumatic encephalopathy","volume":"22","author":"Pullman","year":"2017","journal-title":"Mol. Psychiatry"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2022.148176_b0445","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/1750-1326-2-12","article-title":"tau phosphorylation by GSK-3\u03b2 promotes tangle-like filament morphology","volume":"2","author":"Rankin","year":"2007","journal-title":"Mol. Neurodegener."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2022.148176_b0450","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Riederer, P., M\u00fcller, T. Selegiline for Treating Parkinson\u2019s Disease. NeuroPsychopharmacotherapy. 2020; 1-10. doi:10.1007\/978-3-319-56015-1_237-1.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-56015-1_237-1"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2022.148176_b0455","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"154","DOI":"10.3109\/02699052.2014.965215","article-title":"Chronic traumatic encephalopathy: contributions from the Boston University Center for the Study of Traumatic Encephalopathy","volume":"29","author":"Riley","year":"2015","journal-title":"Brain Inj."},{"year":"1969","series-title":"Brain damage in boxers: a study of the prevalence of traumatic encephalopathy among ex-professional boxers","author":"Roberts","key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2022.148176_b0460"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2022.148176_b0465","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"192","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-4159.2007.05124.x","article-title":"GSK-3\u03b2 down-regulates the transcription factor Nrf2 after oxidant damage: relevance to exposure of neuronal cells to oxidative stress","volume":"105","author":"Rojo","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Neurochem."},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2022.148176_b0470","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1089\/hum.2019.174","article-title":"Anti-phospho-tau gene therapy for chronic traumatic encephalopathy","volume":"31","author":"Sacramento","year":"2020","journal-title":"Hum. Gene Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2022.148176_b0475","article-title":"Chronic traumatic encephalopathy: a review","author":"Saulle","year":"20122012","journal-title":"Rehabil. Res. Pract."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2022.148176_b0480","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1117","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.2012.2638","article-title":"Clinical phenotype of dementia after traumatic brain injury","volume":"30","author":"Sayed","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Neurotrauma"},{"issue":"n1","key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2022.148176_bib551","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1528-1157.2002.13601.x","article-title":"Diet enriched with omega\u20103 fatty acids alleviates convulsion symptoms in epilepsy patients","volume":"43","author":"Schlanger","year":"2002","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2022.148176_b0485","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"571","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mcn.2006.12.006","article-title":"Role of glycogen synthase kinase-3\u03b2 in early depressive behavior induced by mild traumatic brain injury","volume":"34","author":"Shapira","year":"2007","journal-title":"Mol. Cell. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2022.148176_b0490","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Shively, S., Scher, A. I., Perl, D. P., Diaz-Arrastia, R. Dementia resulting from traumatic brain injury: what is the pathology? Archives of neurology.2012;69:1245\u20131251. 12. doi:10.1001\/archneurol.2011.3747.","DOI":"10.1001\/archneurol.2011.3747"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2022.148176_b0495","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10818","DOI":"10.34119\/bjhrv4n3-097","article-title":"Chronic traumatic encephalopathy: an impact of american soccer","volume":"4","author":"Simoni","year":"2021","journal-title":"Brazilian Journal of Health Review"},{"issue":"30","key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2022.148176_b0500","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S1","DOI":"10.1097\/JSM.0000000000000541","article-title":"Neuroimaging in the diagnosis of chronic traumatic encephalopathy: a systematic review","volume":"1","author":"Sparks","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clin. J. Sport Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2022.148176_b0505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"334","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2015.00334","article-title":"Neuroimaging assessment of early and late neurobiological sequelae of traumatic brain injury: implications for CTE","volume":"9","author":"Sundman","year":"2015","journal-title":"Front. Neurosci."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2022.148176_b0510","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"196","DOI":"10.1038\/gt.2014.103","article-title":"AAVrh 10 immunogenicity in mice and humans. Relevance of antibody cross-reactivity in human gene therapy","volume":"22","author":"Thwaite","year":"2015","journal-title":"Gene Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2022.148176_b0515","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"222","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2015.00222","article-title":"The quest to model chronic traumatic encephalopathy: a multiple model and injury paradigm experience","volume":"6","author":"Turner","year":"2015","journal-title":"Front. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2022.148176_b0530","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"240","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2017.00240","article-title":"Considerations for experimental animal models of concussion, traumatic brain injury, and chronic traumatic encephalopathy\u2014these matters matter","volume":"8","author":"Wojnarowicz","year":"2017","journal-title":"Front. Neurol."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2022.148176_b0535","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"362","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.2011.1942","article-title":"Lithium ameliorates neurodegeneration, suppresses neuroinflammation, and improves behavioral performance in a mouse model of traumatic brain injury","volume":"29","author":"Yu","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Neurotrauma"},{"issue":"13","key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2022.148176_b0540","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2342","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.2012.2449","article-title":"Lithium reduces BACE1 overexpression, beta amyloid accumulation, and spatial learning deficits in mice with traumatic brain injury","volume":"29","author":"Yu","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Neurotrauma"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2022.148176_b0545","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"766","DOI":"10.3171\/2013.6.JNS13135","article-title":"Posttrauma cotreatment with lithium and valproate: reduction of lesion volume, attenuation of blood-brain barrier disruption, and improvement in motor coordination in mice with traumatic brain injury","volume":"119","author":"Yu","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Neurosurg."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2022.148176_b0550","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"272","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainresbull.2010.07.008","article-title":"Neuroprotective effect and cognitive outcome of chronic lithium on traumatic brain injury in mice","volume":"83","author":"Zhu","year":"2010","journal-title":"Brain Res. Bull."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2022.148176_b0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Areza-Fegyveres, R., Caramelli, P., Nitrini, R. Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy (dementia pugilistica) of the Box Player. Archives of Clinical Psychiatry (S\u00e3o Paulo), 32, 17-26.","DOI":"10.1590\/S0101-60832005000100003"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2022.148176_b0430","article-title":"Reducing the progression of Alzheimer\u2019s disease in Down syndrome patients with micro-dose lithium","volume":"137","author":"Priebe","year":"2020","journal-title":"Medical"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2022.148176_b0520","unstructured":"U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Answering Questions About Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy (CTE): Information for Healthcare Providers. (2019). Available online at: https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/ traumaticbraininjury\/pdf\/CDC-CTE-ProvidersFactSheet-508.pdf (accessed April 28, 2022)."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2022.148176_b0525","first-page":"25,102167","article-title":"Lithium treatment impacts nucleus accumbens shape in bipolar disorder","author":"Vecchio","year":"2020","journal-title":"NeuroImage: Clinical."}],"container-title":["Brain Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0006899322004000?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0006899322004000?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,13]],"date-time":"2025-09-13T18:24:18Z","timestamp":1757787858000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0006899322004000"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,1]]},"references-count":110,"alternative-id":["S0006899322004000"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.brainres.2022.148176","relation":{},"ISSN":["0006-8993"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0006-8993"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Challenges in the pharmacological treatment of patients under suspicion of chronic traumatic encephalopathy: A review","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Brain Research","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.brainres.2022.148176","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2022 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"148176"}}