{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,17]],"date-time":"2026-07-17T00:27:08Z","timestamp":1784248028034,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,1]],"date-time":"2023-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1685577600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,1]],"date-time":"2023-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1685577600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,1]],"date-time":"2023-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1685577600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,1]],"date-time":"2023-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1685577600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,1]],"date-time":"2023-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1685577600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,1]],"date-time":"2023-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1685577600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,1]],"date-time":"2023-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1685577600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100013327","name":"H. Lundbeck A\/S","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100013327","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Brain Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,6]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2023.148349","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,25]],"date-time":"2023-03-25T14:46:13Z","timestamp":1679755573000},"page":"148349","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Foliglurax, a positive allosteric modulator of the metabotrophic glutamate receptor 4, protects dopaminergic neurons in MPTP-lesioned male mice"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"1809","author":[{"given":"M\u00e9lanie","family":"Bourque","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marc","family":"Morissette","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fran\u00e7ois","family":"Conquet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Delphine","family":"Charvin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Th\u00e9r\u00e8se","family":"Di Paolo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2023.148349_b0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"548","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2019.22360","article-title":"Diagnosis and treatment of Parkinson disease: a review","volume":"323","author":"Armstrong","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Am. Med. Assoc."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2023.148349_b0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2014.01.011","article-title":"Progressive Parkinsonism by acute dysfunction of excitatory amino acid transporters in the rat substantia nigra","volume":"65","author":"Assous","year":"2014","journal-title":"Neurobiol. Dis."},{"issue":"27","key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2023.148349_b0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7222","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.1595-06.2006","article-title":"Pharmacological activation of mGlu4 metabotropic glutamate receptors reduces nigrostriatal degeneration in mice treated with 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine","volume":"26","author":"Battaglia","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2023.148349_b0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"158","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2012.03.022","article-title":"Synergy between L-DOPA and a novel positive allosteric modulator of metabotropic glutamate receptor 4: implications for Parkinson's disease treatment and dyskinesia","volume":"66","author":"Bennouar","year":"2013","journal-title":"Neuropharmacology"},{"issue":"13","key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2023.148349_b0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5403","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.22-13-05403.2002","article-title":"Activation of group III metabotropic glutamate receptors inhibits the production of RANTES in glial cell cultures","volume":"22","author":"Besong","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2023.148349_b0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2317","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1476-5381.2012.01943.x","article-title":"Allosteric modulation of the group III mGlu4 receptor provides functional neuroprotection in the 6-hydroxydopamine rat model of Parkinson's disease","volume":"166","author":"Betts","year":"2012","journal-title":"Br. J. Pharmacol."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2023.148349_b0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"525","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.104","article-title":"Subthalamic infusion of an NMDA antagonist prevents basal ganglia metabolic changes and nigral degeneration in a rodent model of Parkinson's disease","volume":"49","author":"Blandini","year":"2001","journal-title":"Ann. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2023.148349_b0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"242","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2012.05.017","article-title":"Metabotropic glutamate receptor 4 in the basal ganglia of parkinsonian monkeys: ultrastructural localization and electrophysiological effects of activation in the striatopallidal complex","volume":"66","author":"Bogenpohl","year":"2013","journal-title":"Neuropharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2023.148349_b0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"343","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2015.04.006","article-title":"Neuroprotection in Parkinsonian-treated mice via estrogen receptor alpha activation requires G protein-coupled estrogen receptor 1","volume":"95","author":"Bourque","year":"2015","journal-title":"Neuropharmacology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2023.148349_b0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1096-9861(19990428)407:1<33::AID-CNE3>3.0.CO;2-G","article-title":"Immunohistochemical localization of subtype 4a metabotropic glutamate receptors in the rat and mouse basal ganglia","volume":"407","author":"Bradley","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. Comp. Neurol."},{"issue":"17","key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2023.148349_b0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6413","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.20-17-06413.2000","article-title":"Selective activation of mGlu4 metabotropic glutamate receptors is protective against excitotoxic neuronal death","volume":"20","author":"Bruno","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2023.148349_b0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109205","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2022.109205","article-title":"A positive allosteric modulator of mGlu4 receptors restores striatal plasticity in an animal model of l-Dopa-induced dyskinesia","volume":"218","author":"Calabrese","year":"2022","journal-title":"Neuropharmacology"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2023.148349_b0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1022","DOI":"10.1038\/nn.3743","article-title":"Direct and indirect pathways of basal ganglia: a critical reappraisal","volume":"17","author":"Calabresi","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nat. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2023.148349_b0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105697","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2022.105697","article-title":"Striatal glutamatergic hyperactivity in Parkinson's disease","volume":"168","author":"Campanelli","year":"2022","journal-title":"Neurobiol. Dis."},{"issue":"20","key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2023.148349_b0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8515","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jmedchem.7b00991","article-title":"Discovery, Structure-Activity Relationship, and Antiparkinsonian Effect of a Potent and Brain-Penetrant Chemical Series of Positive Allosteric Modulators of Metabotropic Glutamate Receptor 4","volume":"60","author":"Charvin","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Med. Chem."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2023.148349_b0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1619","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.27462","article-title":"An mGlu4-Positive Allosteric Modulator Alleviates Parkinsonism in Primates","volume":"33","author":"Charvin","year":"2018","journal-title":"Mov. Disord."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2023.148349_b0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1282","DOI":"10.1007\/s12035-013-8598-0","article-title":"Ceftriaxone increases glutamate uptake and reduces striatal tyrosine hydroxylase loss in 6-OHDA Parkinson's model","volume":"49","author":"Chotibut","year":"2014","journal-title":"Mol. Neurobiol."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2023.148349_b0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"421","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.21852","article-title":"Downregulation of glial glutamate transporters after dopamine denervation in the striatum of 6-hydroxydopamine-lesioned rats","volume":"511","author":"Chung","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Comp. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2023.148349_b0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1096","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-4159.2009.06036.x","article-title":"Metabotropic glutamate receptor subtype 4 selectively modulates both glutamate and GABA transmission in the striatum: implications for Parkinson's disease treatment","volume":"109","author":"Cuomo","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Neurochem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2023.148349_b0100","series-title":"The Mouse Brain in Stereotaxic Coordinates","author":"Franklin","year":"1997"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2023.148349_b0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jphs.2020.07.011","article-title":"Glutamate-induced excitotoxicity in Parkinson's disease: The role of glial cells","volume":"144","author":"Iovino","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Pharmacol. Sci."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2023.148349_b0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1007\/s00401-022-02437-0","article-title":"Trafficking of the glutamate transporter is impaired in LRRK2-related Parkinson's disease","volume":"144","author":"Iovino","year":"2022","journal-title":"Acta Neuropathol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2023.148349_b0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108784","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2021.108784","article-title":"Effect of sex and gonadectomy on brain MPTP toxicity and response to dutasteride treatment in mice","volume":"201","author":"Isenbrandt","year":"2021","journal-title":"Neuropharmacology"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2023.148349_b0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4589","DOI":"10.1007\/s00429-016-1187-z","article-title":"mGluR4-containing corticostriatal terminals: synaptic interactions with direct and indirect pathway neurons in mice","volume":"221","author":"Iskhakova","year":"2016","journal-title":"Brain Struct. Funct."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2023.148349_b0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2014.03.019","article-title":"Neuroprotective effects of metabotropic glutamate receptor group II and III activators against MPP(+)-induced cell death in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells: the impact of cell differentiation state","volume":"83","author":"Jantas","year":"2014","journal-title":"Neuropharmacology"},{"issue":"s1","key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2023.148349_b0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S11","DOI":"10.3233\/JPD-179006","article-title":"The MPTP Story","volume":"7","author":"Langston","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Parkinsons Dis."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2023.148349_b0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1124\/jpet.112.196063","article-title":"A potent and selective metabotropic glutamate receptor 4 positive allosteric modulator improves movement in rodent models of Parkinson's disease","volume":"343","author":"Le Poul","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2023.148349_b0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1388","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1681.2008.05046.x","article-title":"Neuroprotective effects of a selective N-methyl-D-aspartate NR2B receptor antagonist in the 6-hydroxydopamine rat model of Parkinson's disease","volume":"35","author":"Leaver","year":"2008","journal-title":"Clin. Exp. Pharmacol. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2023.148349_b0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e13094","DOI":"10.1111\/cpr.13094","article-title":"Partial depletion and repopulation of microglia have different effects in the acute MPTP mouse model of Parkinson's disease","volume":"54","author":"Li","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cell Prolif."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2023.148349_b0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"160","DOI":"10.1038\/nrd1958","article-title":"Paradigm shift in neuroprotection by NMDA receptor blockade: memantine and beyond","volume":"5","author":"Lipton","year":"2006","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Drug Discov."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2023.148349_b0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"895","DOI":"10.1016\/S0028-3908(03)00271-5","article-title":"(-)-PHCCC, a positive allosteric modulator of mGluR4: characterization, mechanism of action, and neuroprotection","volume":"45","author":"Maj","year":"2003","journal-title":"Neuropharmacology"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2023.148349_b0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1876","DOI":"10.1007\/s11064-014-1415-y","article-title":"Group III metabotropic glutamate receptors: pharmacology, physiology and therapeutic potential","volume":"39","author":"Mercier","year":"2014","journal-title":"Neurochem. Res."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2023.148349_b0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"691","DOI":"10.3390\/cells11040691","article-title":"Prevention of L-Dopa-Induced Dyskinesias by MPEP Blockade of Metabotropic Glutamate Receptor 5 Is Associated with Reduced Inflammation in the Brain of Parkinsonian Monkeys","volume":"11","author":"Morissette","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cells"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2023.148349_b0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1345","DOI":"10.1124\/mol.108.049551","article-title":"Discovery, characterization, and antiparkinsonian effect of novel positive allosteric modulators of metabotropic glutamate receptor 4","volume":"74","author":"Niswender","year":"2008","journal-title":"Mol. Pharmacol."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2023.148349_b0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1687","DOI":"10.3390\/cells9071687","article-title":"Inflammation in Parkinson's Disease: Mechanisms and Therapeutic Implications","volume":"9","author":"Pajares","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cells"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2023.148349_b0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1007\/s11481-016-9655-z","article-title":"The Metabotropic Glutamate Receptor 4 Positive Allosteric Modulator ADX88178 Inhibits Inflammatory Responses in Primary Microglia","volume":"11","author":"Ponnazhagan","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Neuroimmune Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2023.148349_b0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1186\/s12974-021-02132-z","article-title":"The CD200R1 microglial inhibitory receptor as a therapeutic target in the MPTP model of Parkinson's disease","volume":"18","author":"Rabaneda-Lombarte","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Neuroinflamm."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2023.148349_b0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rascol, O., Medori, R., Baayen, C., Such, P., Meulien, D., Group, A.S., 2022. A Randomized, Double-Blind, Controlled Phase II Study of Foliglurax in Parkinson's Disease. Mov. Disord. 37, 1088-1093.","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.28970"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2023.148349_b0195","first-page":"462","article-title":"Glial metabotropic glutamate receptor-4 increases maturation and survival of oligodendrocytes","volume":"8","author":"Spampinato","year":"2014","journal-title":"Front. Cell. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2023.148349_b0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"414","DOI":"10.3389\/fnmol.2018.00414","article-title":"Metabotropic Glutamate Receptors in Glial Cells: A New Potential Target for Neuroprotection?","volume":"11","author":"Spampinato","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front. Mol. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2023.148349_b0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7218","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.23-18-07218.2003","article-title":"Group III metabotropic glutamate receptor-mediated modulation of the striatopallidal synapse","volume":"23","author":"Valenti","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2023.148349_b0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1296","DOI":"10.1124\/jpet.104.080481","article-title":"Group III metabotropic glutamate-receptor-mediated modulation of excitatory transmission in rodent substantia nigra pars compacta dopamine neurons","volume":"313","author":"Valenti","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2023.148349_b0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2020.585584","article-title":"Molecular Mechanisms of Glutamate Toxicity in Parkinson's Disease","volume":"14","author":"Wang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2023.148349_b0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1791","DOI":"10.1021\/acschemneuro.8b00683","article-title":"Regulatory Mechanism of miR-543-3p on GLT-1 in a Mouse Model of Parkinson's Disease","volume":"10","author":"Wu","year":"2019","journal-title":"ACS Chem. Nerosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2023.148349_b0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2022.105327","article-title":"Restoration and targeting of aberrant neurotransmitters in Parkinson's disease therapeutics","volume":"156","author":"Yadav","year":"2022","journal-title":"Neurochem. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2023.148349_b0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"948","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-4159.2004.02937.x","article-title":"Enhancement of glutamate uptake mediates the neuroprotection exerted by activating group II or III metabotropic glutamate receptors on astrocytes","volume":"92","author":"Yao","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Neurochem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2023.148349_b0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"406","DOI":"10.1021\/acschemneuro.9b00609","article-title":"Generation of a Novel Mouse Model of Parkinson's Disease via Targeted Knockdown of Glutamate Transporter GLT-1 in the Substantia Nigra","volume":"11","author":"Zhang","year":"2020","journal-title":"ACS Chem. Nerosci."}],"container-title":["Brain Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0006899323001208?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0006899323001208?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,13]],"date-time":"2025-09-13T18:23:59Z","timestamp":1757787839000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0006899323001208"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,6]]},"references-count":47,"alternative-id":["S0006899323001208"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.brainres.2023.148349","relation":{},"ISSN":["0006-8993"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0006-8993","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Foliglurax, a positive allosteric modulator of the metabotrophic glutamate receptor 4, protects dopaminergic neurons in MPTP-lesioned male mice","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Brain Research","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.brainres.2023.148349","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2023 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"148349"}}