{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T19:28:09Z","timestamp":1791919689249,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":94,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,1]],"date-time":"2023-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1698796800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,1]],"date-time":"2023-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1698796800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,29]],"date-time":"2024-08-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1724889600000},"content-version":"am","delay-in-days":302,"URL":"http:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/open-access\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,1]],"date-time":"2023-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1698796800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,1]],"date-time":"2023-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1698796800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,1]],"date-time":"2023-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1698796800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,1]],"date-time":"2023-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1698796800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,1]],"date-time":"2023-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1698796800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000057","name":"National Institute of General Medical Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["SC3GM121192"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SC3GM121192"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000057","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Brain Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,11]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2023.148538","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,16]],"date-time":"2023-08-16T11:05:59Z","timestamp":1692183959000},"page":"148538","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"special_numbering":"C","title":["HD-tDCS over the left DLPFC increases cued recall and subjective question familiarity rather than other aspects of memory and metamemory"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"1819","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-7951-7183","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Casey M.","family":"Imperio","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elizabeth F.","family":"Chua","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2023.148538_b0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jns.2016.07.065","article-title":"At-home tDCS of the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex improves visual short-term memory in mild vascular dementia","volume":"369","author":"Andr\u00e9","year":"2016","journal-title":"Journal of the Neurological Sciences"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2023.148538_b0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brs.2010.06.004","article-title":"Improving working memory: the effect of combining cognitive activity and anodal transcranial direct current stimulation to the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex","volume":"4","author":"Andrews","year":"2011","journal-title":"Brain stimulation"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2023.148538_b0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"473","DOI":"10.1006\/ccog.2001.0519","article-title":"Consciousness in schizophrenia: a metacognitive approach to semantic memory","volume":"10","author":"Bacon","year":"2001","journal-title":"Consciousness and cognition"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2023.148538_b0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"586","DOI":"10.1017\/S1355617701755063","article-title":"Verbal and design fluency in patients with frontal lobe lesions","volume":"7","author":"Baldo","year":"2001","journal-title":"Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2023.148538_b0025","first-page":"73","article-title":"Measurement of relative metamnemonic accuracy","author":"Benjamin","year":"2008","journal-title":"Handbook of Memory and Metamemory."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2023.148538_b0030","series-title":"Multilingual Aphasia Examination","author":"Benton","year":"1976"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2023.148538_b0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e25","DOI":"10.1097\/YCT.0000000000000534","article-title":"Cognitive Effects of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation in Healthy and Clinical Populations: An Overview","volume":"34","author":"Berryhill","year":"2018","journal-title":"The Journal of ECT"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2023.148538_b0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3622","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.1326-21.2022","article-title":"Partially Overlapping Neural Correlates of Metacognitive Monitoring and Metacognitive Control","volume":"42","author":"Boldt","year":"2022","journal-title":"The Journal of Neuroscience"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2023.148538_b0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"112","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2011.07.001","article-title":"A pilot study of the tolerability and effects of high-definition transcranial direct current stimulation (HD-tDCS) on pain perception","volume":"13","author":"Borckardt","year":"2012","journal-title":"The Journal of Pain"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2023.148538_b0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1080\/09658211.2020.1867746","article-title":"Feeling-of-knowing experiences breed curiosity","volume":"29","author":"Brooks","year":"2021","journal-title":"Memory"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2023.148538_b0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"832","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brs.2014.09.015","article-title":"Mitigating Cutaneous Sensation Differences During tDCS: Comparing Sham Versus Low Intensity Control Conditions","volume":"7","author":"Bruny\u00e9","year":"2014","journal-title":"Brain Stimulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2023.148538_b0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1162\/08989290051137585","article-title":"Imaging Cognition II: An Empirical Review of 275 PET and fMRI Studies","volume":"12","author":"Cabeza","year":"2000","journal-title":"Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2023.148538_b0065","article-title":"Optimal Metacognitive Control of Memory Recall (preprint)","author":"Callaway","year":"2022","journal-title":"PsyArXiv"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2023.148538_b0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e01228","DOI":"10.1002\/brb3.1228","article-title":"Hemisphere-specific effects of prefrontal theta-burst stimulation on visual recognition memory accuracy and awareness","volume":"9","author":"Carbajal","year":"2019","journal-title":"Brain and behavior"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2023.148538_b0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"397","DOI":"10.1038\/s41380-019-0499-9","article-title":"Transcranial direct current stimulation: a roadmap for research, from mechanism of action to clinical implementation","volume":"25","author":"Chase","year":"2020","journal-title":"Molecular Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2023.148538_b0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropsychologia.2016.03.008","article-title":"Electrical stimulation of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex improves memory monitoring","volume":"85","author":"Chua","year":"2016","journal-title":"Neuropsychologia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2023.148538_b0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1751","DOI":"10.1162\/jocn.2009.21123","article-title":"Neural correlates of metamemory: a comparison of feeling-of-knowing and retrospective confidence judgments","volume":"21","author":"Chua","year":"2009","journal-title":"Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2023.148538_b0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brs.2016.10.013","article-title":"Effects of HD-tDCS on memory and metamemory for general knowledge questions that vary by difficulty","volume":"10","author":"Chua","year":"2017","journal-title":"Brain stimulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2023.148538_b0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"590","DOI":"10.1080\/09658211.2014.913639","article-title":"The use of cue familiarity during retrieval failure is affected by past versus future orientation","volume":"23","author":"Cleary","year":"2015","journal-title":"Memory"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2023.148538_b0100","first-page":"142","article-title":"Confidence level and feeling of knowing in question answering: The weight of inferential processes","volume":"18","author":"Costermans","year":"1992","journal-title":"Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2023.148538_b0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18021","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-022-22893-8","article-title":"Prefrontal tDCS is unable to modulate mind wandering propensity or underlying functional or effective brain connectivity","volume":"12","author":"Coulborn","year":"2022","journal-title":"Scientific Reports"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2023.148538_b0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1488","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2010.08.058","article-title":"The structure and connectivity of semantic memory in the healthy older adult brain","volume":"54","author":"De Zubicaray","year":"2011","journal-title":"NeuroImage"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2023.148538_b0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"501","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brs.2016.04.006","article-title":"A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of the Effects of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) Over the Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex in Healthy and Neuropsychiatric Samples: Influence of Stimulation Parameters","volume":"9","author":"Dedoncker","year":"2016","journal-title":"Brain Stimulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2023.148538_b0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"908","DOI":"10.1162\/0898929041502751","article-title":"fMRI Evidence for Separable and Lateralized Prefrontal Memory Monitoring Processes","volume":"16","author":"Dobbins","year":"2004","journal-title":"Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience"},{"issue":"36","key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2023.148538_b0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8333","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.1392-05.2005","article-title":"Effects of unilateral prefrontal lesions on familiarity, recollection, and source memory","volume":"25","author":"Duarte","year":"2005","journal-title":"Journal of Neuroscience"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2023.148538_b0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"599","DOI":"10.3758\/s13415-012-0096-8","article-title":"Neural correlates of metacognitive monitoring during episodic and semantic retrieval","volume":"12","author":"Elman","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cognitive, Affective, & Behavioral Neuroscience"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2023.148538_b0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"657","DOI":"10.1080\/09658211.2012.747613","article-title":"Assigned value improves memory of proper names","volume":"21","author":"Festini","year":"2013","journal-title":"Memory"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2023.148538_b0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2811","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awu221","article-title":"Domain-specific impairment in metacognitive accuracy following anterior prefrontal lesions","volume":"137","author":"Fleming","year":"2014","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2023.148538_b0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"668","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brs.2018.12.977","article-title":"Sham tDCS: A hidden source of variability? Reflections for further blinded, controlled trials","volume":"12","author":"Fonteneau","year":"2019","journal-title":"Brain Stimulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2023.148538_b0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.3109\/10601333.2015.980944","article-title":"Regulatory considerations for the clinical and research use of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS): Review and recommendations from an expert panel","volume":"32","author":"Fregni","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clinical Research and Regulatory Affairs"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2023.148538_b0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"551","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brs.2015.01.399","article-title":"Validating a Sham Condition for Use in High Definition Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation","volume":"8","author":"Garnett","year":"2015","journal-title":"Brain Stimulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2023.148538_b0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12530","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.2450-16.2016","article-title":"Stimulation of Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex Enhances Adaptive Cognitive Control: A High-Definition Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation Study","volume":"36","author":"Gbadeyan","year":"2016","journal-title":"The Journal of Neuroscience"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2023.148538_b0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1174","DOI":"10.1093\/geronb\/gbz048","article-title":"Modulation of adaptive cognitive control by prefrontal high-definition transcranial direct current stimulation in older adults","volume":"74","author":"Gbadeyan","year":"2019","journal-title":"The Journals of Gerontology: Series B"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2023.148538_b0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1080\/13803395.2013.863835","article-title":"The role of memory in awareness of memory deficits in Alzheimer\u2019s disease, schizophrenia, and brain injury","volume":"36","author":"Gilleen","year":"2014","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2023.148538_b0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"188","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cortex.2015.09.003","article-title":"Electrically stimulating prefrontal cortex at retrieval improves recollection accuracy","volume":"73","author":"Gray","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cortex"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2023.148538_b0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.1016\/0001-6918(77)90014-2","article-title":"Some methodological problems with feeling of knowing studies","volume":"41","author":"Gruneberg","year":"1977","journal-title":"Acta Psychologica"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2023.148538_b0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"386","DOI":"10.1080\/00220973.2014.907230","article-title":"Effects of Strategy Training and Incentives on Students\u2019 Performance, Confidence, and Calibration","volume":"83","author":"Gutierrez","year":"2015","journal-title":"The Journal of Experimental Education"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2023.148538_b0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1617","DOI":"10.3758\/s13423-014-0619-0","article-title":"Feeling of knowing and restudy choices","volume":"21","author":"Hanczakowski","year":"2014","journal-title":"Psychonomic bulletin & review"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2023.148538_b0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"208","DOI":"10.1037\/h0022263","article-title":"Memory and the feeling-of-knowing experience","volume":"56","author":"Hart","year":"1965","journal-title":"Journal of educational psychology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2023.148538_b0200","series-title":"Multilevel modeling of categorical outcomes using IBM SPSS","author":"Heck","year":"2013"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2023.148538_b0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fnsys.2014.00002","article-title":"Transcranial direct current stimulation: five important issues we aren\u2019t discussing (but probably should be)","volume":"8","author":"Horvath","year":"2014","journal-title":"Frontiers in Systems Neuroscience"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2023.148538_b0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"535","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brs.2015.01.400","article-title":"Quantitative Review Finds No Evidence of Cognitive Effects in Healthy Populations From Single-session Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS)","volume":"8","author":"Horvath","year":"2015","journal-title":"Brain Stimulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2023.148538_b0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2020.05.008","article-title":"Functional subdivisions in the anterior temporal lobes: a large scale meta-analytic investigation","volume":"115","author":"Hung","year":"2020","journal-title":"Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2023.148538_b0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"471","DOI":"10.1080\/09658210802647009","article-title":"Metacognitive strategies in student learning: do students practise retrieval when they study on their own?","volume":"17","author":"Karpicke","year":"2009","journal-title":"Memory"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2023.148538_b0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1348","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2004.08.013","article-title":"Temporal lobe activations of \u201cfeeling-of-knowing\u201d induced by face-name associations","volume":"23","author":"Kikyo","year":"2004","journal-title":"NeuroImage"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2023.148538_b0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1016\/S0896-6273(02)00939-X","article-title":"Neural correlates for feeling-of-knowing: an fMRI parametric analysis","volume":"36","author":"Kikyo","year":"2002","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2023.148538_b0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2008.10.010","article-title":"Bilateral frontal transcranial direct current stimulation: failure to replicate classic findings in healthy subjects","volume":"120","author":"Koenigs","year":"2009","journal-title":"Clinical Neurophysiology"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2023.148538_b0245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1037\/0096-3445.126.4.349","article-title":"Monitoring one\u2019s own knowledge during study: A cue-utilization approach to judgments of learning","volume":"126","author":"Koriat","year":"1997","journal-title":"Journal of experimental psychology: General"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2023.148538_b0250","first-page":"34","article-title":"The combined contributions of the cue-familiarity and accessibility heuristics to feelings of knowing","volume":"27","author":"Koriat","year":"2001","journal-title":"Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2023.148538_b0255","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1037\/0096-3445.135.1.36","article-title":"The intricate relationships between monitoring and control in metacognition: Lessons for the cause-and-effect relation between subjective experience and behavior","volume":"135","author":"Koriat","year":"2006","journal-title":"Journal of experimental psychology: general"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2023.148538_b0260","first-page":"609","article-title":"Study efficacy and the region of proximal learning framework","volume":"32","author":"Kornell","year":"2006","journal-title":"Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2023.148538_b0265","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"948","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2013.05.117","article-title":"Therapeutic effects of non-invasive brain stimulation with direct currents (tDCS) in neuropsychiatric diseases","volume":"85","author":"Kuo","year":"2014","journal-title":"NeuroImage"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2023.148538_b0270","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"452","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2017.00452","article-title":"Anodal tDCS Over the Left DLPFC Did Not Affect the Encoding and Retrieval of Verbal Declarative Information","volume":"11","author":"Lara","year":"2017","journal-title":"Frontiers in Neuroscience"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2023.148538_b0275","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"498","DOI":"10.3758\/s13421-020-01107-4","article-title":"Examining the effect of list composition on monitoring and control processes in metamemory","volume":"49","author":"Laursen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Memory & Cognition"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2023.148538_b0280","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fncel.2015.00181","article-title":"The contribution of interindividual factors to variability of response in transcranial direct current stimulation studies","volume":"9","author":"Li","year":"2015","journal-title":"Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2023.148538_b0285","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"827","DOI":"10.1016\/S1053-8119(03)00014-4","article-title":"Feeling-of-knowing in episodic memory: an event-related fMRI study","volume":"18","author":"Maril","year":"2003","journal-title":"NeuroImage"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2023.148538_b0290","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1130","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2004.10.024","article-title":"Graded recall success: An event-related fMRI comparison of tip of the tongue and feeling of knowing","volume":"24","author":"Maril","year":"2005","journal-title":"NeuroImage"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2023.148538_b0295","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"657","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bhx347","article-title":"Effects of Anodal Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation Over the Ventrolateral Prefrontal Cortex on Episodic Memory Formation and Retrieval","volume":"29","author":"Medvedeva","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cerebral Cortex"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2023.148538_b0300","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-8721.2009.01628.x","article-title":"Metacognitive judgments and control of study","volume":"18","author":"Metcalfe","year":"2009","journal-title":"Current directions in psychological science"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2023.148538_b0305","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"530","DOI":"10.1037\/0096-3445.132.4.530","article-title":"The dynamics of learning and allocation of study time to a region of proximal learning","volume":"132","author":"Metcalfe","year":"2003","journal-title":"Journal of Experimental Psychology: General"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2023.148538_b0310","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1475","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brs.2022.11.001","article-title":"High-definition transcranial direct current stimulation (HD-tDCS) for the enhancement of working memory \u2013 A systematic review and meta-analysis of healthy adults","volume":"15","author":"M\u00fcller","year":"2022","journal-title":"Brain Stimulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2023.148538_b0315","first-page":"1287","article-title":"Type I error inflation in the traditional by-participant analysis to metamemory accuracy: A generalized mixed-effects model perspective","volume":"40","author":"Murayama","year":"2014","journal-title":"Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2023.148538_b0320","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-2909.95.1.109","article-title":"A comparison of current measures of the accuracy of feeling-of-knowing predictions","volume":"95","author":"Nelson","year":"1984","journal-title":"Psychological Bulletin"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2023.148538_b0325","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1099-0720(199606)10:3<257::AID-ACP400>3.0.CO;2-9","article-title":"Gamma is a measure of the accuracy of predicting performance on one item relative to another item, not of the absolute performance on an individual item comments on Schraw (1995)","volume":"10","author":"Nelson","year":"1996","journal-title":"Applied Cognitive Psychology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2023.148538_b0330","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1016\/S0079-7421(08)60053-5","article-title":"Metamemory: A theoretical framework and new findings","volume":"26","author":"Nelson","year":"1990","journal-title":"The psychology of learning and motivation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2023.148538_b0335","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1010","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2005.10.008","article-title":"Declarative memory impairments in Alzheimer\u2019s disease and semantic dementia","volume":"30","author":"Nestor","year":"2006","journal-title":"NeuroImage"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2023.148538_b0340","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2015.05.019","article-title":"Focalised stimulation using high definition transcranial direct current stimulation (HD-tDCS) to investigate declarative verbal learning and memory functioning","volume":"117","author":"Nikolin","year":"2015","journal-title":"NeuroImage"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2023.148538_b0345","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"371","DOI":"10.1016\/S0028-3932(02)00168-9","article-title":"Common prefrontal activations during working memory, episodic memory, and semantic memory","volume":"41","author":"Nyberg","year":"2003","journal-title":"Neuropsychologia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2023.148538_b0350","article-title":"Replication failures in psychology not due to differences in study populations","volume":"19","author":"Owens","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2023.148538_b0355","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0235179","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0235179","article-title":"Examining the effects of transcranial direct current stimulation on human episodic memory with machine learning","volume":"15","author":"Petrovskaya","year":"2020","journal-title":"PLoS One1"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2023.148538_b0360","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropsychologia.2003.07.006","article-title":"Dissociable correlates of recollection and familiarity within the medial temporal lobes","volume":"42","author":"Ranganath","year":"2004","journal-title":"Neuropsychologia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2023.148538_b0365","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"991","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brs.2018.04.022","article-title":"Tolerability and blinding of 4x1 high-definition transcranial direct current stimulation (HD-tDCS) at two and three milliamps","volume":"11","author":"Reckow","year":"2018","journal-title":"Brain Stimulation"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2023.148538_b0370","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1332","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropsychologia.2011.01.013","article-title":"Are all judgments created equal?: An fMRI study of semantic and episodic metamemory predictions","volume":"49","author":"Reggev","year":"2011","journal-title":"Neuropsychologia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2023.148538_b0375","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.15540\/nr.1.1.62","article-title":"Toward Development of Sham Protocols for High-Definition Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (HD-tDCS)","volume":"1","author":"Richardson","year":"2014","journal-title":"NeuroRegulation"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2023.148538_b0380","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"957","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropsychologia.2003.11.020","article-title":"A role for right medial prefrontal cortex in accurate feeling-of-knowing judgments: Evidence from patients with lesions to frontal cortex","volume":"42","author":"Schnyer","year":"2004","journal-title":"Neuropsychologia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2023.148538_b0385","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.3758\/BF03213977","article-title":"Sources of information in metamemory: Judgments of learning and feelings of knowing","volume":"1","author":"Schwartz","year":"1994","journal-title":"Psychonomic Bulletin & Review"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2023.148538_b0390","first-page":"1074","article-title":"Cue familiarity but not target retrievability enhances feeling-of-knowing judgments","volume":"18","author":"Schwartz","year":"1992","journal-title":"Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2023.148538_b0395","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"132","DOI":"10.1111\/1467-8721.ep10772899","article-title":"The inferential and experiential bases of metamemory","volume":"6","author":"Schwartz","year":"1997","journal-title":"Current Directions in Psychological Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2023.148538_b0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Imperio, C.M., Chua, E.F., 2023. Differential effects of remotely supervised transcranial direct current stimulation on recognition memory depending on task order. Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, 17.DOI=10.3389\/fnhum.2023.1239126.","DOI":"10.3389\/fnhum.2023.1239126"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2023.148538_b0400","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Shimamura A.P., 2014. A Neurocognitive Approach to Metacognitive Monitoring and Control, in: Handbook of Metamemory and Memory. Routledge. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4324\/9780203805503.ch19.","DOI":"10.4324\/9780203805503.ch19"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2023.148538_b0405","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"588","DOI":"10.3758\/MC.36.3.588","article-title":"Feeling of knowing and duration of unsuccessful memory search","volume":"36","author":"Singer","year":"2008","journal-title":"Memory & Cognition"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2023.148538_b0410","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Son L.K., Schwartz B.L., 2002. The relation between metacognitive monitoring and control.","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9780511489976.003"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2023.148538_b0415","first-page":"204","article-title":"Metacognitive and control strategies in study-time allocation","volume":"26","author":"Son","year":"2000","journal-title":"Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2023.148538_b0420","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bandc.2004.06.002","article-title":"Age related differences in metacognitive control: Role of executive functioning","volume":"56","author":"Souchay","year":"2004","journal-title":"Brain and cognition"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2023.148538_b0425","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"828","DOI":"10.1080\/13803390591000846","article-title":"Metamemory in Schizophrenia: an exploration of the feeling-of-knowing state","volume":"28","author":"Souchay","year":"2006","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2023.148538_b0430","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1177\/1073858410386614","article-title":"Physiological basis of transcranial direct current stimulation","volume":"17","author":"Stagg","year":"2011","journal-title":"The Neuroscientist"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2023.148538_b0435","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13463","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-14030-7","article-title":"Task demands, tDCS intensity, and the COMT val158met polymorphism impact tDCS-linked working memory training gains","volume":"7","author":"Stephens","year":"2017","journal-title":"Scientific Reports"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2023.148538_b0440","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"773","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brs.2014.10.003","article-title":"The uncertain outcome of prefrontal tDCS","volume":"7","author":"Tremblay","year":"2014","journal-title":"Brain stimulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2023.148538_b0445","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4879","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.2485-21.2022","article-title":"Recruitment of Control and Representational Components of the Semantic System during Successful and Unsuccessful Access to Complex Factual Knowledge","volume":"42","author":"Ubaldi","year":"2022","journal-title":"The Journal of Neuroscience"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2023.148538_b0450","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1097\/WNN.0000000000000086","article-title":"Reproducibility of tDCS results in a randomized trial: failure to replicate findings of tDCS-induced enhancement of verbal fluency","volume":"29","author":"Vannorsdall","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cognitive and Behavioral Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2023.148538_b0455","article-title":"Technique and considerations in the use of 4x1 ring high-definition transcranial direct current stimulation (HD-tDCS)","volume":"e50309","author":"Villamar","year":"2013","journal-title":"JoVE (Journal of Visualized Experiments)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2023.148538_b0460","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1080\/17588928.2018.1504014","article-title":"Does tDCS over prefrontal cortex improve episodic memory retrieval? Potential importance of time of day","volume":"9","author":"Wong","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2023.148538_b0465","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1031","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2015.11.012","article-title":"A technical guide to tDCS, and related non-invasive brain stimulation tools","volume":"127","author":"Woods","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clinical Neurophysiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2023.148538_b0470","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"937","DOI":"10.1038\/s41562-020-0901-2","article-title":"Memorability of words in arbitrary verbal associations modulates memory retrieval in the anterior temporal lobe","volume":"4","author":"Xie","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nature Human Behaviour"}],"container-title":["Brain Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0006899323003098?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0006899323003098?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,12]],"date-time":"2026-01-12T09:18:59Z","timestamp":1768209539000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0006899323003098"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,11]]},"references-count":94,"alternative-id":["S0006899323003098"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.brainres.2023.148538","relation":{},"ISSN":["0006-8993"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0006-8993","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"HD-tDCS over the left DLPFC increases cued recall and subjective question familiarity rather than other aspects of memory and metamemory","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Brain Research","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.brainres.2023.148538","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2023 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"148538"}}