{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,28]],"date-time":"2026-10-28T21:33:56Z","timestamp":1793223236999,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,12,1]],"date-time":"2026-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1796083200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,12,1]],"date-time":"2026-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1796083200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,12,1]],"date-time":"2026-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1796083200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,12,1]],"date-time":"2026-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1796083200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,12,1]],"date-time":"2026-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1796083200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,12,1]],"date-time":"2026-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1796083200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,12,1]],"date-time":"2026-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1796083200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004801","name":"LEPL Shota Rustaveli National Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["FR-21-4759"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FR-21-4759"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004801","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Brain Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2026.150529","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,6]],"date-time":"2026-09-06T22:23:16Z","timestamp":1788733396000},"page":"150529","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Ultrastructural remodeling of mitochondria-associated vesicular structures in the rat medial prefrontal cortex following Propionic acid exposure"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"1892","author":[{"given":"Nadezhda","family":"Japaridze","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-0098-3715","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pikria","family":"Khomasuridze","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mzia G","family":"Zhvania","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-3740-9103","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giorgi","family":"Lobzhanidze","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yousef","family":"Tizabi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8128-1101","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fuad","family":"Rzayev","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5104-4260","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eldar","family":"Gasimov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nino","family":"Pochkhidze","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2026.150529_b0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-023-40130-8","article-title":"Propionic acid induces alterations in mitochondrial morphology and dynamics in SH-SY5Y cells","author":"Buchanan","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"issue":"18","key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2026.150529_b0010","article-title":"Elevated propionate and its association with neurological dysfunctions in propionic acidemia","volume":"19","author":"Chen","year":"2025","journal-title":"Front. Mol. Neurosci."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2026.150529_b0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3627","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms23073627","article-title":"Synapses: the Brain's energy-demanding sites","volume":"23","author":"Faria-Pereira","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2026.150529_b0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Frye, R.E., Rincon, N., McCarty, P.J., Brister, D., Scheck, A.C., Rossignol, D.A., 2024. Biomarkers of mitochondrial dysfunction in autism spectrum disorder: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Neurobiol. Dis. Jul;197:106520.https:\/\/doi:10.1016\/j.nbd.2024.106520.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2024.106520"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2026.150529_b0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hazan Ben-Menachem, R., Pines, O., Saada A., 2024. Mitochondrial derived vesicles- Quo Vadis? FEBS J. 291 (21), 4660-4669.https:\/\/doi:10.1111\/febs.17103.","DOI":"10.1111\/febs.17103"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2026.150529_b0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hughes, R.B., Whittingham-Dowd, J., Clapcote, S.J., Broughton, S.J., Dawson, N., 2022. Altered medial prefrontal cortex and dorsal raph\u00e9 activity predict genotype and correlate with abnormal learning behavior in a mouse model of autism-associated 2p16.3 deletion. Autism Res. 15 (4), 614-627.https:\/\/doi:10.1002\/aur.2685.","DOI":"10.1002\/aur.2685"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2026.150529_b0035","article-title":"Correlative light and transmission electron microscopy showed details of mitophagy by mitochondria quality control in propionic acid treated SH-SY5Y cell","author":"Jung","year":"2020","journal-title":"Materials (basel)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2026.150529_b0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kim, S.A., Jang, E.H., Mun, J.Y., Cho, H., 2019. Propionic acid induces mitochondrial dysfunction and affects gene expression for mitochondria biogenesis and neuronal differentiation in SH-SY5Y cell line. Neurotoxicology, 75, 116-122.https:\/\/doi:10.1016\/j.neuro.2019.09.009.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuro.2019.09.009"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2026.150529_b0045","article-title":"Linking mPFC circuit maturation to the developmental regulation of emotional memory and cognitive flexibility","volume":"5","author":"Klune","year":"2021","journal-title":"Elife"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2026.150529_b0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/biomedicines10061251","article-title":"Unveiling the native morphology of extracellular vesicles from human cerebrospinal fluid by atomic force and cryogenic electron microscopy","author":"Kurtjak","year":"2022","journal-title":"Biomedicines"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2026.150529_b0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/s12929-023-00975-7","article-title":"Crosstalk between mitochondrial biogenesis and mitophagy to maintain mitochondrial homeostasis","author":"Liu","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Biomed. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2026.150529_b0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lobzhanidze, G., Japaridze, N., Lordkipanidze, T., Rzayev, F., MacFabe, D., Zhvania, M., 2020. Behavioral and brain ultrastructural changes following the systemic administration of propionic acid in adolescent male rats. Further development of a rodent model of autism. Int. J. Dev. Neurosci. 80 (2), 139-156.https:\/\/doi:10.1002\/jdn.10011.","DOI":"10.1002\/jdn.10011"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2026.150529_b0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lu, Y., Li, Z., Zhang, S., Zhang, T., Liu, Y., Zhang, L., 2023. Cellular mitophagy: Mechanism, roles in diseases and small molecule pharmacological regulation. Theranostics, 13 (2), 736-766.https:\/\/doi:10.7150\/thno.79876.","DOI":"10.7150\/thno.79876"},{"issue":"23","key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2026.150529_b0070","article-title":"Short-chain fatty acid fermentation products of the gut microbiome: implications in autism spectrum disorders","volume":"24","author":"Macfabe","year":"2012","journal-title":"Microb. Ecol. Health Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2026.150529_b0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Macfabe, D., 2013. Autism: metabolism, mitochondria, and the microbiome. Glob. Adv. Health Med. 2 (6), 52-66.https:\/\/doi:10.7453\/gahmj.2013.089.","DOI":"10.7453\/gahmj.2013.089"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2026.150529_b0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Marchuk H, Wang Y, Ladd ZA, Chen X, Zhang GF. Pathophysiological mechanisms of complications associated with propionic acidemia. Pharmacol Ther. 2023 Sep;249:108501. doi: 10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2023.108501. Epub 2023 Jul 22. PMID: 37482098; PMCID: PMC10529999.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2023.108501"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2026.150529_b0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Marzetti, E., Di Lorenzo, R., Calvani, R., Coelho-J\u00fanior, H.J., D'Argento, E., Pesce, V., Landi, F., Bucci, C., Guerra, F., Picca, A., 2026. Mitochondrial quality in aging and neurodegeneration: The emerging role of mitochondria-derived vesicles. Mech. Ageing Dev. Mar 5;231:112167. doi: 10.1016\/j.mad.2026.112167.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mad.2026.112167"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2026.150529_b0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Marzetti, E., Di Lorenzo, R., Calvani, R., Coelho-J\u00fanior, H.J., D'Argento, E., Pesce, V., Landi, F., Bucci, C., Guerra, F., Picca, A., 2026. Mitochondrial quality in aging and neurodegeneration: The emerging role of mitochondria-derived vesicles. Mech. Ageing Dev. Mar 5;231:112167. doi: 10.1016\/j.mad.2026.112167.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mad.2026.112167"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2026.150529_b0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mediane, D.H., Basu, S., Cahill, E.N., Anastasiades, P.G., 2024. Medial prefrontal cortex circuitry and social behaviour in autism. Neuropharmacology 1;260:110101.https:\/\/doi:10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2024.110101.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2024.110101"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2026.150529_b0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"468","DOI":"10.1038\/s41398-025-03707-7","article-title":"Patterns of neural activity in prelimbic cortex neurons correlate with attentional behavior in the rodent continuous performance test","volume":"15","author":"Miranda-Barrientos","year":"2025","journal-title":"Transl. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2026.150529_b0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"M\u0142ynarska, E., Barszcz, E., Budny, E., Gajewska, A., Kope\u0107, K., Wasiak, J., Rysz, J., Franczyk, B., 2025. The Gut-Brain-Microbiota Connection and Its Role in Autism Spectrum Disorders. Nutrients. Mar 25;17(7):1135.https:\/\/doi:10.3390\/nu17071135.","DOI":"10.3390\/nu17071135"},{"issue":"Pt 1","key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2026.150529_b0110","article-title":"Revitalizing mitochondrial quality control: targeting mitochondria-derived vesicles in Parkinson's disease","volume":"250","author":"Mohamed Ameer","year":"2026","journal-title":"Biochem. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2026.150529_b0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Nakamya, M.F., Sil, S., Buch, S., Hakami, R.M., 2022. Mitochondrial Extracellular Vesicles in CNS Disorders: New Frontiers in Understanding the Neurological Disorders of the Brain. Front. Mol. Biosci. 30; 9: 840364.https:\/\/doi:10.3389\/fmolb.2022.840364.","DOI":"10.3389\/fmolb.2022.840364"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2026.150529_b0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Peng, T., Xie, Y., Sheng, H., Wang, C., Lian, Y., Xie, N., 2022. Mitochondrial-derived vesicles: Gatekeepers of mitochondrial response to oxidative stress. Free Radic. Biol. Med. 1 (188), 185-193.https:\/\/doi:10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2022.06.23.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2022.06.233"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2026.150529_b0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms241813835","article-title":"Mitochondrial-derived vesicles: the good, the bad, and the ugly","author":"Picca","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2026.150529_b0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rapushi, E., Aryal, A., Yang, T., Li, Z., Wang, X., Fan, G.C., 2026. Mitochondria-Derived Vesicles and Mitochondrial Extracellular Vesicles in Health and Cardiovascular Disease. Circ. Res. 10;138(8):e327357.https:\/\/doi:10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.125.327357.","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.125.327357"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2026.150529_b0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sekine, S., Sekine, Y., 2025. Metabolite tunes MDV pathway to maintain mitochondrial fitness. Mol. Cell. 85 (7), 1253-1255.https:\/\/doi:10.1016\/j.molcel.2025.02.027.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molcel.2025.02.027"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2026.150529_b0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Siddiqui MF, Elwell C, Johnson MH (2016) Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Autism Spectrum Disorders. Autism Open Access Sep 27;6(5):1000190.https:\/\/doi:10.4172\/2165-7890.1000190.","DOI":"10.4172\/2165-7890.1000190"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2026.150529_b0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tang, M., Tu, Y., Gong, Y., Yang, Q., Wang, J., Zhang, Z., Qin, J., Niu, S., Yi, J., Shang, Z., Chen, H., Tang, Y., Huang, Q., Liu, Y., Billadeau, D.D., Liu, X., Dai, L., Jia, D., 2025. \u03b2-hydroxybutyrate facilitates mitochondrial-derived vesicle biogenesis and improves mitochondrial functions. Mol. Cell. 85 (7), 1395-1410.e5.https:\/\/doi:10.1016\/j.molcel.2025.02.022.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molcel.2025.02.022"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2026.150529_b0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/s12974-018-1275-5","article-title":"Extracellular vesicles are increased in the serum of children with autism spectrum disorder, contain mitochondrial DNA, and stimulate human microglia to secrete IL-1\u03b2","author":"Tsilioni","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Neuroinflammation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2026.150529_b0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tzila, E., Panagouli, E., Tsouka, M., Shihada, A., Venieratos, D., Chrysikos, D., Troupis, T., 2025. Connections Between Prefrontal Cortex Anatomy and Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Literature Review. Acta Med. Acad. 54 (3), 213-219.https:\/\/doi:10.5644\/ama2006-124.492.","DOI":"10.5644\/ama2006-124.492"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2026.150529_b0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhvania, M.G., Lobzhanidze, G., Pochkhidze, N., Japaridze, N., Tchelidze, P., Rzayev, F., Gasimov, E., 2024. Propionic acid affects the synaptic architecture of rat hippocampus and prefrontal cortex. Micron. 181:103624.https:\/\/doi:10.1016\/j.micron.2024.103624.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micron.2024.103624"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2026.150529_bib162","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102789","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tice.2025.102789","article-title":"Status epilepticus alters hippocampal ultrastructure in kainic acid rat model","volume":"94","author":"Zhvania","year":"2025","journal-title":"Tissue Cell"}],"container-title":["Brain Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0006899326003914?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0006899326003914?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,28]],"date-time":"2026-10-28T21:04:17Z","timestamp":1793221457000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0006899326003914"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]},"references-count":33,"alternative-id":["S0006899326003914"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.brainres.2026.150529","relation":{},"ISSN":["0006-8993"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0006-8993","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Ultrastructural remodeling of mitochondria-associated vesicular structures in the rat medial prefrontal cortex following Propionic acid exposure","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Brain Research","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.brainres.2026.150529","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 Elsevier B.V. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"150529"}}