{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,7]],"date-time":"2025-10-07T01:06:11Z","timestamp":1759799171259,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,4,1]],"date-time":"2011-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1301616000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,4,1]],"date-time":"2011-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1301616000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,4,1]],"date-time":"2011-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1301616000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,4,1]],"date-time":"2011-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1301616000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,4,1]],"date-time":"2011-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1301616000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,4,1]],"date-time":"2011-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1301616000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,4,1]],"date-time":"2011-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1301616000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006047","name":"Komitet Bada\u0144 Naukowych","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2 P05D 060 29"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2 P05D 060 29"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006047","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Brain Research Bulletin"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,4]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainresbull.2011.01.014","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,1,26]],"date-time":"2011-01-26T04:17:40Z","timestamp":1296015460000},"page":"389-393","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Orphenadrine induces secondarily generalized convulsive status epilepticus in rats"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"84","author":[{"given":"Konrad","family":"Rejdak","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dorota","family":"Nieoczym","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Miros\u0142aw","family":"Czuczwar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jacek","family":"Ki\u015b","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Piotr","family":"Wla\u017a","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Waldemar A.","family":"Turski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainresbull.2011.01.014_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528-1167.2009.02299.x","article-title":"Placebo-corrected efficacy of modern antiepileptic drugs for refractory epilepsy: systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"51","author":"Beyenburg","year":"2010","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainresbull.2011.01.014_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"461","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.172.6.461","article-title":"Fatal toxicity of drugs used in the treatment of psychotic illnesses","volume":"172","author":"Buckley","year":"1998","journal-title":"Br. J. Psychiatr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainresbull.2011.01.014_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3565(25)39340-7","article-title":"Comparative behavioral and neurochemical activities of cholinergic antagonists in rats","volume":"267","author":"Bymaster","year":"1993","journal-title":"J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainresbull.2011.01.014_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"732","DOI":"10.1016\/S1734-1140(09)70127-6","article-title":"Influence of orphenadrine upon the protective activity of various antiepileptics in the maximal electroshock-induced convulsions in mice","volume":"61","author":"Czuczwar","year":"2009","journal-title":"Pharmacol. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainresbull.2011.01.014_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2009.01.010","article-title":"Involvement of voltage-gated sodium channels blockade in the analgesic effects of orphenadrine","volume":"142","author":"Desaphy","year":"2009","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainresbull.2011.01.014_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1016\/S0014-2999(98)00410-5","article-title":"Evidence for a unique profile of levetiracetam in rodent models of seizures and epilepsy","volume":"353","author":"Klitgaard","year":"1998","journal-title":"Eur. J. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainresbull.2011.01.014_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01281158","article-title":"Orphenadrine is an uncompetitive N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist: binding and patch clamp studies","volume":"102","author":"Kornhuber","year":"1995","journal-title":"J. Neural Transm. Gen. Sect."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainresbull.2011.01.014_bib0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3565(25)03549-9","article-title":"A simplified method of evaluating dose-response experiments","volume":"96","author":"Litchfield","year":"1949","journal-title":"J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainresbull.2011.01.014_bib0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"566","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(77)90713-9","article-title":"Deaths after overdoses of orphenadrine","volume":"2","author":"Millar","year":"1977","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainresbull.2011.01.014_bib0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e5759","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0005759","article-title":"Does pilocarpine-induced epilepsy in adult rats require status epilepticus?","volume":"4","author":"Navarro","year":"2009","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"Suppl. 3","key":"10.1016\/j.brainresbull.2011.01.014_bib0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528-1167.2009.02040.x","article-title":"The history of status epilepticus and its treatment","volume":"50","author":"Neligan","year":"2009","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"year":"1998","series-title":"The Rat Brain in Stereotaxic Coordinates","author":"Paxinos","key":"10.1016\/j.brainresbull.2011.01.014_bib0060"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainresbull.2011.01.014_bib0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"793","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(07)70215-6","article-title":"Development of new antiepileptic drugs: challenges, incentives, and recent advances","volume":"6","author":"Perucca","year":"2007","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainresbull.2011.01.014_bib0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"693","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjp.0703869","article-title":"Orphenadrine prevents 3-nitropropionic acid-induced neurotoxicity in vitro and in vivo","volume":"132","author":"Pubill","year":"2001","journal-title":"Br. J. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainresbull.2011.01.014_bib0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1016\/0028-3908(68)90036-1","article-title":"The concentrations of orphenadrine and its N-demethylated derivatives in rat brain, after intraperitoneal administration of orphenadrine and tofenacine","volume":"7","author":"Roozemond","year":"1968","journal-title":"Int. J. Neuropharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainresbull.2011.01.014_bib0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1007\/s00210-007-0202-6","article-title":"Anticholinergic antiparkinson drug orphenadrine inhibits HERG channels: block attenuation by mutations of the pore residues Y652 or F656","volume":"376","author":"Scholz","year":"2007","journal-title":"N. S. Arch. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainresbull.2011.01.014_bib0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nurt.2006.11.009","article-title":"Discovery of antiepileptic drugs","volume":"4","author":"Smith","year":"2007","journal-title":"Neurotherapeutics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainresbull.2011.01.014_bib0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1472","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0013-9580.2003.32803.x","article-title":"Therapy discovery for pharmacoresistant epilepsy and for disease-modifying therapeutics: summary of the NIH\/NINDS\/AES models II workshop","volume":"44","author":"Stables","year":"2003","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainresbull.2011.01.014_bib0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"671","DOI":"10.1016\/S0028-3908(98)00228-7","article-title":"In vitro and in vivo protective effect of orphenadrine on glutamate neurotoxicity","volume":"38","author":"Sureda","year":"1999","journal-title":"Neuropharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainresbull.2011.01.014_bib0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1016\/0166-4328(83)90136-5","article-title":"Limbic seizures produced by pilocarpine in rats: behavioural, electroencephalographic and neuropathological study","volume":"9","author":"Turski","year":"1983","journal-title":"Behav. Brain Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainresbull.2011.01.014_bib0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-4886(88)90010-6","article-title":"Response of status epilepticus induced by lithium and pilocarpine to treatment with diazepam","volume":"101","author":"Walton","year":"1988","journal-title":"Exp. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainresbull.2011.01.014_bib0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"216","DOI":"10.1016\/0920-1211(89)90006-5","article-title":"Phenobarbital treatment of status epilepticus in a rodent model","volume":"4","author":"Walton","year":"1989","journal-title":"Epilepsy Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brainresbull.2011.01.014_bib0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1016\/0920-1211(92)90074-4","article-title":"Valproic acid treatment of experimental status epilepticus","volume":"12","author":"Walton","year":"1992","journal-title":"Epilepsy Res."}],"container-title":["Brain Research Bulletin"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0361923011000177?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0361923011000177?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,6]],"date-time":"2025-10-06T20:10:48Z","timestamp":1759781448000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0361923011000177"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2011,4]]},"references-count":23,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,4]]}},"alternative-id":["S0361923011000177"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.brainresbull.2011.01.014","relation":{},"ISSN":["0361-9230"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0361-9230"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2011,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Orphenadrine induces secondarily generalized convulsive status epilepticus in rats","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Brain Research Bulletin","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.brainresbull.2011.01.014","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}