{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,13]],"date-time":"2025-11-13T02:08:12Z","timestamp":1762999692119,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":82,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,1]],"date-time":"2021-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1638316800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,1]],"date-time":"2021-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1638316800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,1]],"date-time":"2021-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1638316800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,1]],"date-time":"2021-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1638316800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,1]],"date-time":"2021-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1638316800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,1]],"date-time":"2021-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1638316800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,1]],"date-time":"2021-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1638316800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Behaviour Research and Therapy"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.brat.2021.103970","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,21]],"date-time":"2021-09-21T23:15:06Z","timestamp":1632266106000},"page":"103970","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"special_numbering":"C","title":["The effect of concreteness training on peri-traumatic processing and intrusive memories following an analogue trauma"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"147","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5779-6247","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Melike","family":"Guzey","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Julia","family":"Funk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Julia","family":"Kustermann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"Ehring","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"year":"2013","series-title":"Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5\u00ae)","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2021.103970_bib1"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2021.103970_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"527","DOI":"10.1023\/B:COTR.0000045562.17228.29","article-title":"The stability of the response styles questionnaire rumination scale in a sample of patients with major depression","volume":"28","author":"Bagby","year":"2004","journal-title":"Cognitive Therapy and Research"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2021.103970_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.5127\/jep.019511","article-title":"The effect of rumination on intrusive images and mood: An experimental investigation using the trauma film paradigm","volume":"3","author":"Ball","year":"2012","journal-title":"Journal of Experimental Psychopathology"},{"volume":"Vol. 1","year":"1996","author":"Beck","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2021.103970_bib4"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2021.103970_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"815","DOI":"10.1177\/0145445517747287","article-title":"The impact of experiential avoidance and event centrality in trauma-related rumination and posttraumatic stress","volume":"42","author":"Bishop","year":"2018","journal-title":"Behavior Modification"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2021.103970_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1016\/0887-6185(96)00009-6","article-title":"Effects of active and passive rumination and distraction: A pilot replication with anxious mood","volume":"10","author":"Blagden","year":"1996","journal-title":"Journal of Anxiety Disorders"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2021.103970_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"670","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-295X.103.4.670","article-title":"A dual representation theory of posttraumatic stress disorder","volume":"103","author":"Brewin","year":"1996","journal-title":"Psychological Review"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2021.103970_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1378","DOI":"10.1037\/bul0000119","article-title":"Meta-analyses of cardiovascular reactivity to rumination: A possible mechanism linking depression and hostility to cardiovascular disease","volume":"143","author":"Busch","year":"2017","journal-title":"Psychological Bulletin"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2021.103970_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"969","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-3514.88.6.969","article-title":"Chewing on it can chew you up: Effects of rumination on triggered displaced aggression","volume":"88","author":"Bushman","year":"2005","journal-title":"Journal of Personality and Social Psychology"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2021.103970_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1080\/10615806.2010.529901","article-title":"Assessing posttraumatic cognitive processes: The event related rumination inventory","volume":"24","author":"Cann","year":"2011","journal-title":"Anxiety, Stress & Coping"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2021.103970_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1037\/emo0000646","article-title":"Emotion regulation as a transdiagnostic process","volume":"20","author":"Cludius","year":"2020","journal-title":"Emotion"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2021.103970_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e11349","DOI":"10.2196\/11349","article-title":"Reducing stress and preventing depression (RESPOND): Randomized controlled trial of web-based rumination-focused cognitive behavioral therapy for high-ruminating University students","volume":"21","author":"Cook","year":"2019","journal-title":"Journal of Medical Internet Research"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2021.103970_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"646","DOI":"10.1017\/S135246582000048X","article-title":"Investigating predictors of trauma induced data-driven processing and its impact on attention bias and free recall","volume":"48","author":"Corrigan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2021.103970_bib14","series-title":"Handbook of PTSD: Science and Practice","first-page":"135","article-title":"Trauma-induced dissociation","author":"DePrince","year":"2007"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2021.103970_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1309","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291704001904","article-title":"Rumination, mood and social problem-solving in major depression","volume":"34","author":"Donaldson","year":"2004","journal-title":"Psychological Medicine"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2021.103970_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"410","DOI":"10.1080\/15299732.2015.1134746","article-title":"The impact of dissociation on perceptual priming and intrusions after listening to auditory narratives","volume":"17","author":"Dorahy","year":"2016","journal-title":"Journal of Trauma & Dissociation"},{"year":"1998","series-title":"Data-driven versus conceptual processing questionnaire","author":"Ehlers","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2021.103970_bib17"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2021.103970_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.1016\/S0005-7967(99)00123-0","article-title":"A cognitive model of posttraumatic stress disorder","volume":"38","author":"Ehlers","year":"2000","journal-title":"Behaviour Research and Therapy"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2021.103970_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"403","DOI":"10.1080\/09658210444000025","article-title":"Intrusive re\u2010experiencing in post\u2010traumatic stress disorder: Phenomenology, theory, and therapy","volume":"12","author":"Ehlers","year":"2004","journal-title":"Memory"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2021.103970_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23547","DOI":"10.3402\/ejpt.v5.23547","article-title":"Does rumination mediate the relationship between emotion regulation ability and posttraumatic stress disorder?","volume":"5","author":"Ehring","year":"2014","journal-title":"European Journal of Psychotraumatology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2021.103970_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2007.08.014","article-title":"Do acute psychological and psychobiological responses to trauma predict subsequent symptom severities of PTSD and depression?","volume":"161","author":"Ehring","year":"2008","journal-title":"Psychiatry Research"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2021.103970_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"488","DOI":"10.1007\/s10608-006-9089-7","article-title":"The role of rumination and reduced concreteness in the maintenance of posttraumatic stress disorder and depression following trauma","volume":"32","author":"Ehring","year":"2008","journal-title":"Cognitive Therapy and Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2021.103970_bib23","series-title":"Handbook of Cognition and Emotion","first-page":"401","article-title":"Cognition and emotion in posttraumatic stress disorder","author":"Ehring","year":"2013"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2021.103970_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brat.2008.12.011","article-title":"An experimental analogue study into the role of abstract thinking in trauma-related rumination","volume":"47","author":"Ehring","year":"2009","journal-title":"Behaviour Research and Therapy"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2021.103970_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"192","DOI":"10.1521\/ijct.2008.1.3.192","article-title":"Repetitive negative thinking as a transdiagnostic process","volume":"1","author":"Ehring","year":"2008","journal-title":"International Journal of Cognitive Therapy"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2021.103970_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbtep.2010.12.003","article-title":"The Perseverative Thinking Questionnaire (PTQ): Validation of a content-independent measure of repetitive negative thinking","volume":"42","author":"Ehring","year":"2011","journal-title":"Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2021.103970_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.3758\/BF03193146","article-title":"G* power 3: A flexible statistical power analysis program for the social, behavioral, and biomedical sciences","volume":"39","author":"Faul","year":"2007","journal-title":"Behavior Research Methods"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2021.103970_bib28","first-page":"273","article-title":"Posttraumatic stress disorder in rape victims","volume":"Vol. 12","author":"Foa","year":"1993"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2021.103970_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1016\/S0005-7916(02)00014-9","article-title":"Cognitive processing, memory, and the development of PTSD symptoms: Two experimental analogue studies","volume":"33","author":"Halligan","year":"2002","journal-title":"Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2021.103970_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"419","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-006X.71.3.419","article-title":"Posttraumatic stress disorder following assault: The role of cognitive processing, trauma memory, and appraisals","volume":"71","author":"Halligan","year":"2003","journal-title":"Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology"},{"year":"2006","series-title":"Beck Depressions-Inventar (BDI-II)","author":"Hautzinger","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2021.103970_bib31"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2021.103970_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"553","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2007.11.002","article-title":"Inducing and modulating intrusive emotional memories: A review of the trauma film paradigm","volume":"127","author":"Holmes","year":"2008","journal-title":"Acta Psychologica"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2021.103970_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1037\/0096-3445.133.1.3","article-title":"Trauma films, information processing, and intrusive memory development","volume":"133","author":"Holmes","year":"2004","journal-title":"Journal of Experimental Psychology: General"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2021.103970_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e4153","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0004153","article-title":"Can playing the computer game \u201cTetris\u201d reduce the build-up of flashbacks for trauma? A proposal from cognitive science","volume":"4","author":"Holmes","year":"2009","journal-title":"PloS One"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2021.103970_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0013706","article-title":"Key steps in developing a cognitive vaccine against traumatic flashbacks: Visuospatial Tetris versus verbal Pub Quiz","volume":"5","author":"Holmes","year":"2010","journal-title":"PloS One"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2021.103970_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291718003835","article-title":"Group rumination-focused cognitive-behavioural therapy (CBT) v. group CBT for depression: Phase II trial","volume":"50","author":"Hvenegaard","year":"2020","journal-title":"Psychological Medicine"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2021.103970_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0163952","article-title":"Targeting ruminative thinking in adolescents at risk for depressive relapse: Rumination-focused cognitive behavior therapy in a pilot randomized controlled trial with resting state fMRI","volume":"11","author":"Jacobs","year":"2016","journal-title":"PloS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2021.103970_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2016.04.010","article-title":"The trauma film paradigm as an experimental psychopathology model of psychological trauma: Intrusive memories and beyond","volume":"47","author":"James","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clinical Psychology Review"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2021.103970_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1039","DOI":"10.1002\/da.22548","article-title":"Catastrophizing, rumination, and reappraisal prospectively predict adolescent PTSD symptom onset following a terrorist attack","volume":"33","author":"Jenness","year":"2016","journal-title":"Depression and Anxiety"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2021.103970_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbtep.2004.11.005","article-title":"Dissociation related to subjective memory fragmentation and intrusions but not to objective memory disturbances","volume":"36","author":"Kindt","year":"2005","journal-title":"Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2021.103970_bib42","first-page":"139","article-title":"Untersuchungen mit einer deutschen version der\" positive and negative affect schedule\"(PANAS)","volume":"42","author":"Krohne","year":"1996","journal-title":"Diagnostica-Gottingen"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2021.103970_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"424","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbtep.2007.11.002","article-title":"The effect of pre-existing vulnerability factors on a laboratory analogue trauma experience","volume":"39","author":"Laposa","year":"2008","journal-title":"Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2021.103970_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"877","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbtep.2011.12.007","article-title":"The prediction of intrusions following an analogue traumatic event: Peritraumatic cognitive processes and anxiety-focused rumination versus rumination in response to intrusions","volume":"43","author":"Laposa","year":"2012","journal-title":"Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry"},{"year":"1981","series-title":"State-Trait Anxiety Inventory\u2014German Version","author":"Laux","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2021.103970_bib45"},{"year":"2004","series-title":"The Peritraumatic Dissociative Experiences Questionnaire","author":"Marmar","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2021.103970_bib46"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2021.103970_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.1002\/da.20228","article-title":"Rumination in posttraumatic stress disorder","volume":"24","author":"Michael","year":"2007","journal-title":"Depression and Anxiety"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2021.103970_bib82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1016\/j.beth.2006.02.003","article-title":"Processing mode influences the relationship between trait rumination and emotional vulnerability","volume":"37","author":"Moberly","year":"2006","journal-title":"Behav. Ther."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2021.103970_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbtep.2012.11.004","article-title":"Vividness of general mental imagery is associated with the occurrence of intrusive memories","volume":"44","author":"Morina","year":"2013","journal-title":"Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2021.103970_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.180.4.363","article-title":"Dissociation and post-traumatic stress disorder: Two prospective studies of road traffic accident survivors","volume":"180","author":"Murray","year":"2002","journal-title":"The British Journal of Psychiatry"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2021.103970_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"561","DOI":"10.1080\/02699939308409206","article-title":"Effects of rumination and distraction on naturally occurring depressed mood","volume":"7","author":"Nolen-Hoeksema","year":"1993","journal-title":"Cognition & Emotion"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2021.103970_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-2909.129.1.52","article-title":"Predictors of posttraumatic stress disorder and symptoms in adults: A meta-analysis","volume":"129","author":"Ozer","year":"2003","journal-title":"Psychological Bulletin"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2021.103970_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"508","DOI":"10.1002\/jclp.22879","article-title":"Emotion regulation in posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD): Rumination accounts for the association between emotion regulation difficulties and PTSD severity","volume":"76","author":"Pugach","year":"2020","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Psychology"},{"year":"2019","series-title":"R: A language and environment for statistical computing","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2021.103970_bib83"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2021.103970_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brat.2019.01.009","article-title":"Peritraumatic unconditioned and conditioned responding explains sex differences in intrusions after analogue trauma","volume":"116","author":"Rattel","year":"2019","journal-title":"Behaviour Research and Therapy"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2021.103970_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1043","DOI":"10.1037\/0003-066X.45.9.1043","article-title":"Implicit memory: Retention without remembering","volume":"45","author":"Roediger","year":"1990","journal-title":"American Psychologist"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2021.103970_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"901","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbtep.2012.01.004","article-title":"Effects of rumination on intrusive memories: Does processing mode matter?","volume":"43","author":"Santa Maria","year":"2012","journal-title":"Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2021.103970_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0059236","article-title":"A systematic review of PTSD prevalence and trajectories in DSM-5 defined trauma exposed populations: Intentional and non-intentional traumatic events","volume":"8","author":"Santiago","year":"2013","journal-title":"PloS One"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2021.103970_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"396","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbtep.2013.03.006","article-title":"Can concreteness training buffer against the negative effects of rumination on PTSD? An experimental analogue study","volume":"44","author":"Schaich","year":"2013","journal-title":"Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2021.103970_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1080\/09658210701256449","article-title":"Intrusive memories and rumination in patients with post-traumatic stress disorder: A phenomenological comparison","volume":"15","author":"Speckens","year":"2007","journal-title":"Memory"},{"year":"1970","series-title":"Manual for the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory","author":"Spielberger","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2021.103970_bib59"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2021.103970_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brat.2015.06.004","article-title":"Trait rumination predicts onset of post-traumatic stress disorder through trauma-related cognitive appraisals: A 4-year longitudinal study","volume":"71","author":"Spinhoven","year":"2015","journal-title":"Behaviour Research and Therapy"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2021.103970_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"537","DOI":"10.1016\/S0005-7967(99)00069-8","article-title":"Dysfunctional meaning of posttraumatic intrusions in chronic PTSD","volume":"38","author":"Steil","year":"2000","journal-title":"Behaviour Research and Therapy"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2021.103970_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbtep.2012.10.001","article-title":"Perceptual processing during trauma, priming and the development of intrusive memories","volume":"44","author":"Sundermann","year":"2013","journal-title":"Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2021.103970_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"396","DOI":"10.1080\/10615806.2017.1313835","article-title":"Rumination and posttraumatic stress symptoms in trauma-exposed adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"30","author":"Szabo","year":"2017","journal-title":"Anxiety, Stress & Coping"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2021.103970_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1207\/s15327965pli1501_01","article-title":"Posttraumatic growth: Conceptual foundations and empirical evidence","volume":"15","author":"Tedeschi","year":"2004","journal-title":"Psychological Inquiry"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2021.103970_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1177\/0022022106297301","article-title":"Development and validation of an internationally reliable short-form of the positive and negative affect schedule (PANAS)","volume":"38","author":"Thompson","year":"2007","journal-title":"Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2021.103970_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brat.2016.12.015","article-title":"Prevention of anxiety disorders and depression by targeting excessive worry and rumination in adolescents and young adults: A randomized controlled trial","volume":"90","author":"Topper","year":"2017","journal-title":"Behaviour Research and Therapy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2021.103970_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2465","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2018.02465","article-title":"No time like the present: Thinking about the past and the future is related to state dissociation among individuals with high levels of psychopathological symptoms","volume":"9","author":"Vannikov-Lugassi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Frontiers in Psychology"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2021.103970_bib68","first-page":"185","article-title":"Rumination and dissociation: The mediating role of poor sleep quality and presleep cognitions","volume":"5","author":"Vannikov-Lugassi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Psychology of Consciousness: Theory, Research, and Practice"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2021.103970_bib69","series-title":"Psychology and Psychotherapy: Theory, Research and Practice","article-title":"From brooding to detachment: Rumination longitudinally predicts an increase in depersonalization and derealisation","author":"Vannikov\u2010Lugassi","year":"2020"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2021.103970_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.3758\/s13423-017-1323-7","article-title":"Bayesian inference for psychology. Part II: Example applications with JASP","volume":"25","author":"Wagenmakers","year":"2018","journal-title":"Psychonomic Bulletin & Review"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2021.103970_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-2909.134.2.163","article-title":"Constructive and unconstructive repetitive thought","volume":"134","author":"Watkins","year":"2008","journal-title":"Psychological Bulletin"},{"year":"2016","series-title":"Rumination-Focused Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy for Depression","author":"Watkins","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2021.103970_bib72"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2021.103970_bib81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"364","DOI":"10.1037\/1528-3542.8.3.364","article-title":"Processing mode causally influences emotional reactivity: distinct effects of abstract versus concrete construal on emotional response","volume":"8","author":"Watkins","year":"2008","journal-title":"Emotion"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2021.103970_bib73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.1037\/1528-3542.5.3.319","article-title":"Distinct modes of ruminative self-focus: Impact of abstract versus concrete rumination on problem solving in depression","volume":"5","author":"Watkins","year":"2005","journal-title":"Emotion"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2021.103970_bib74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.bp.110.090282","article-title":"Rumination-focused cognitive\u2013behavioural therapy for residual depression: Phase II randomised controlled trial","volume":"199","author":"Watkins","year":"2011","journal-title":"The British Journal of Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2021.103970_bib75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brat.2020.103573","article-title":"Reflecting on rumination: Consequences, causes, mechanisms and treatment of rumination","volume":"127","author":"Watkins","year":"2020","journal-title":"Behaviour Research and Therapy"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2021.103970_bib76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1359","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291711002480","article-title":"Guided self-help concreteness training as an intervention for major depression in primary care: A phase II randomized controlled trial","volume":"42","author":"Watkins","year":"2012","journal-title":"Psychological Medicine"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2021.103970_bib77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"549","DOI":"10.1080\/10615800802541986","article-title":"Using stressful films to analyze risk factors for PTSD in analogue experimental studies\u2013which film works best?","volume":"22","author":"Weidmann","year":"2009","journal-title":"Anxiety, Stress & Coping"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2021.103970_bib78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"404","DOI":"10.1016\/j.beth.2016.02.004","article-title":"\"Why\" or \"How\": The effect of concrete versus abstract processing on intrusive memories following analogue trauma","volume":"47","author":"White","year":"2016","journal-title":"Behavior Therapy"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2021.103970_bib79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2571","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291716000532","article-title":"A prospective study of pre-trauma risk factors for post-traumatic stress disorder and depression","volume":"46","author":"Wild","year":"2016","journal-title":"Psychological Medicine"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2021.103970_bib80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"499","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbtep.2009.07.001","article-title":"The effects of rumination on mood and intrusive memories after exposure to traumatic material: An experimental study","volume":"40","author":"Zetsche","year":"2009","journal-title":"Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry"}],"container-title":["Behaviour Research and Therapy"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0005796721001698?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0005796721001698?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,2]],"date-time":"2025-11-02T14:00:11Z","timestamp":1762092011000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0005796721001698"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]},"references-count":82,"alternative-id":["S0005796721001698"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.brat.2021.103970","relation":{},"ISSN":["0005-7967"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0005-7967"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"The effect of concreteness training on peri-traumatic processing and intrusive memories following an analogue trauma","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Behaviour Research and Therapy","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.brat.2021.103970","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2021 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"103970"}}