{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]],"date-time":"2026-09-15T10:03:08Z","timestamp":1789466588810,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":89,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,1]],"date-time":"2025-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1746057600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,1]],"date-time":"2025-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1746057600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,21]],"date-time":"2025-03-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1742515200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100010767","name":"Innovative Medicines Initiative","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["398510439"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["398510439"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100010767","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001659","name":"German Research Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001659","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Behaviour Research and Therapy"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.brat.2025.104731","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,22]],"date-time":"2025-03-22T06:28:36Z","timestamp":1742624916000},"page":"104731","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Fear not: Combining digital and virtual reality interventions for the treatment of social anxiety disorder \u2013 a randomized controlled trial"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"188","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5612-4083","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anne Sophie","family":"Hildebrand","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jari","family":"Planert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kati","family":"Roesmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alla","family":"Machulska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marie","family":"Neubert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tim","family":"Klucken","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2025.104731_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.1016\/j.explore.2008.12.004","article-title":"Comparing brief stress management courses in a community sample: Mindfulness skills and progressive muscle relaxation","volume":"5","author":"Agee","year":"2009","journal-title":"Explore"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2025.104731_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"751","DOI":"10.1037\/a0033559","article-title":"Virtual reality exposure therapy for social anxiety disorder: A randomized controlled trial","volume":"81","author":"Anderson","year":"2013","journal-title":"Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology"},{"issue":"1\u20133","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2025.104731_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2006.05.003","article-title":"Student anxiety and depression: Comparison of questionnaire and interview assessments","volume":"95","author":"Andrews","year":"2006","journal-title":"Journal of Affective Disorders"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2025.104731_bib4","first-page":"1","article-title":"A narrative review of mindfulness-based interventions using virtual reality","author":"Arpaia","year":"2021","journal-title":"Mindfulness"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2025.104731_bib5","article-title":"The psychoeducation model: Definition, contemporary roots and content","volume":"12","author":"Authier","year":"1977","journal-title":"Canadian Journal of Counselling and psychotherapy"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2025.104731_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1139","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brat.2010.07.009","article-title":"Does habituation matter? Emotional processing theory and exposure therapy for acrophobia","volume":"48","author":"Baker","year":"2010","journal-title":"Behaviour Research and Therapy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2025.104731_bib7","series-title":"S3-Leitlinie Behandlung von Angstst\u00f6rungen","author":"Bandelow","year":"2021"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2025.104731_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jocrd.2015.01.006","article-title":"Therapeutic process during exposure: Habituation model","volume":"6","author":"Benito","year":"2015","journal-title":"Journal of Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2025.104731_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"252","DOI":"10.1037\/h0085885","article-title":"The generalizability of the psychoanalytic concept of the working alliance","volume":"16","author":"Bordin","year":"1979","journal-title":"Psychotherapy Theory Research and Practice"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2025.104731_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbct.2021.12.004","article-title":"Expectancy violation during exposure therapy: A pilot randomized controlled trial","volume":"32","author":"Buchholz","year":"2022","journal-title":"Journal of Behavioral and Cognitive Therapy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2025.104731_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1016\/j.janxdis.2018.08.003","article-title":"Virtual reality exposure therapy for anxiety and related disorders: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials","volume":"61","author":"Carl","year":"2019","journal-title":"Journal of Anxiety Disorders"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2025.104731_bib12","series-title":"Proceedings of the 8th international conference on advances in computer entertainment technology","article-title":"Towards immersive interactive video through 360 hypervideo","author":"Chambel","year":"2011"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2025.104731_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"152","DOI":"10.1017\/bec.2018.15","article-title":"Meta-analysis of the efficacy of virtual reality exposure therapy for social anxiety","volume":"35","author":"Chesham","year":"2018","journal-title":"Behaviour Change"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2025.104731_bib14","series-title":"Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences","author":"Cohen","year":"1988"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2025.104731_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1016\/j.beth.2019.05.009","article-title":"Interpretation bias modification versus progressive muscle relaxation for social anxiety disorder: A web-based controlled trial","volume":"51","author":"Cougle","year":"2020","journal-title":"Behavior Therapy"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2025.104731_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brat.2007.10.003","article-title":"Optimizing inhibitory learning during exposure therapy","volume":"46","author":"Craske","year":"2008","journal-title":"Behaviour Research and Therapy"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2025.104731_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"596","DOI":"10.1002\/da.22641","article-title":"Internet and mobile interventions for depression: Opportunities and challenges","volume":"34","author":"Cuijpers","year":"2017","journal-title":"Depression and Anxiety"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2025.104731_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.2196\/17293","article-title":"Self-administered skills-based virtual reality intervention for chronic pain: Randomized controlled pilot study","volume":"4","author":"Darnall","year":"2020","journal-title":"JMIR Formative Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2025.104731_bib19","series-title":"The science of cognitive behavioral therapy","first-page":"51","article-title":"Learning principles in CBT","author":"Davis","year":"2017"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2025.104731_bib20","series-title":"Handbook of treating variants and complications in anxiety disorders","first-page":"363","article-title":"Therapist barriers to the dissemination of exposure therapy","author":"Deacon","year":"2013"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2025.104731_bib21","series-title":"Internationale klassifikation psychischer st\u00f6rungen","author":"Dilling","year":"2015"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2025.104731_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1002\/da.22860","article-title":"Internet\u2010and mobile\u2010based interventions for anxiety disorders: A meta\u2010analytic review of intervention components","volume":"36","author":"Domhardt","year":"2019","journal-title":"Depression and Anxiety"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2025.104731_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"682","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapsychiatry.2019.0219","article-title":"Effectiveness of self-guided app-based virtual reality cognitive behavior therapy for acrophobia: A randomized clinical trial","volume":"76","author":"Donker","year":"2019","journal-title":"JAMA Psychiatry"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2025.104731_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.57.3.217","article-title":"A comparison of self-report and clinical diagnostic interviews for depression: Diagnostic interview schedule and schedules for clinical assessment in neuropsychiatry in the Baltimore epidemiologic catchment area follow-up","volume":"57","author":"Eaton","year":"2000","journal-title":"Archives of General Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2025.104731_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2017.00116","article-title":"Prevention of mental health disorders using internet-and mobile-based interventions: A narrative review and recommendations for future research","volume":"8","author":"Ebert","year":"2017","journal-title":"Frontiers in Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2025.104731_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1027\/1016-9040\/a000318","article-title":"Internet-and mobile-based psychological interventions: Applications, efficacy, and potential for improving mental health","author":"Ebert","year":"2018","journal-title":"European Psychologist"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2025.104731_bib27","series-title":"The Wiley handbook of anxiety disorders","article-title":"Cognitive theory","author":"Ehring","year":"2014"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2025.104731_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"495","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-clinpsy-081219-115923","article-title":"Virtual reality therapy in mental health","volume":"17","author":"Emmelkamp","year":"2021","journal-title":"Annual Review of Clinical Psychology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2025.104731_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s11920-020-01156-1","article-title":"Virtual reality therapy in social anxiety disorder","volume":"22","author":"Emmelkamp","year":"2020","journal-title":"Current Psychiatry Reports"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2025.104731_bib30","first-page":"40","article-title":"Relationship between the self-assessment and clinical assessment of health status and work ability","author":"Eskelinen","year":"1991","journal-title":"Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment & Health"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2025.104731_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.3758\/BF03193146","article-title":"G\u2217 power 3: A flexible statistical power analysis program for the social, behavioral, and biomedical sciences","volume":"39","author":"Faul","year":"2007","journal-title":"Behavior Research Methods"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2025.104731_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2020.563876","article-title":"Rapid review and meta-meta-analysis of self-guided interventions to address anxiety, depression, and stress during COVID-19 social distancing","volume":"11","author":"Fischer","year":"2020","journal-title":"Frontiers in Psychology"},{"issue":"3\u20134","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2025.104731_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"264","DOI":"10.1037\/h0100887","article-title":"The efficacy of relaxation training in treating anxiety","volume":"5","author":"Francesco","year":"2010","journal-title":"International Journal of Behavioral Consultation and Therapy"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2025.104731_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"722","DOI":"10.1089\/cpb.2007.9962","article-title":"Comparing acceptance and refusal rates of virtual reality exposure vs. in vivo exposure by patients with specific phobias","volume":"10","author":"Garcia-Palacios","year":"2007","journal-title":"CyberPsychology and Behavior: The Impact of the Internet, Multimedia and Virtual Reality on Behavior and Society"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2025.104731_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"745","DOI":"10.1017\/S1352465819000225","article-title":"Virtual reality-based cognitive behavioural therapy for patients with generalized social anxiety disorder: A pilot study","volume":"47","author":"Geraets","year":"2019","journal-title":"Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2025.104731_bib36","series-title":"Kognitive Verhaltenstherapie bei Sozialer Phobie","author":"Ginzburg","year":"2012"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2025.104731_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.2196\/17571","article-title":"Virtual reality smartphone-based intervention for smoking cessation: Pilot randomized controlled trial on initial clinical efficacy and adherence","volume":"22","author":"Goldenhersch","year":"2020","journal-title":"Journal of Medical Internet Research"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2025.104731_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291798007879","article-title":"Psychometric properties of the Liebowitz social anxiety scale","volume":"29","author":"Heimberg","year":"1999","journal-title":"Psychological Medicine"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2025.104731_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"708","DOI":"10.1080\/10615806.2016.1157168","article-title":"Performance perceptions and self-focused attention predict post-event processing after a real-life social performance situation","volume":"29","author":"Helbig-Lang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Anxiety, Stress & Coping"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2025.104731_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2990","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brat.2007.08.010","article-title":"Avoidance of emotional facial expressions in social anxiety: The approach\u2013avoidance task","volume":"45","author":"Heuer","year":"2007","journal-title":"Behaviour Research and Therapy"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2025.104731_bib41","article-title":"Exploring psychotherapists' attitudes on internet-and mobile-based interventions in Germany: Thematic analysis","volume":"8","author":"Hildebrand","year":"2024","journal-title":"JMIR Formative Research"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2025.104731_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.1186\/s13063-022-06320-x","article-title":"Self-guided virtual reality therapy for social anxiety disorder: A study protocol for a randomized controlled trial","volume":"23","author":"Hildebrand","year":"2022","journal-title":"Trials"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2025.104731_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"459","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbusres.2018.10.062","article-title":"With or without you? Interaction and immersion in a virtual reality experience","volume":"100","author":"Hudson","year":"2019","journal-title":"Journal of Business Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2025.104731_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9780511521263.012","article-title":"Maintenance mechanisms in social anxiety: An integration of cognitive biases and emotional processing theory","author":"Huppert","year":"2004","journal-title":"Cognition, Emotion and Psychopathology: Theoretical, Empirical and Clinical Directions"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2025.104731_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1026\/1616-3443.37.1.33","article-title":"Validit\u00e4t des Diagnostischen Interviews bei psychischen St\u00f6rungen (DIPS f\u00fcr DSM-IV-TR)","volume":"37","author":"In-Albon","year":"2008","journal-title":"Zeitschrift f\u00fcr Klinische Psychologie und Psychotherapie"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2025.104731_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"631","DOI":"10.1007\/s41347-021-00221-7","article-title":"360 videos for immersive mental health interventions: A systematic review","volume":"6","author":"Ionescu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Journal of Technology in Behavioral Science"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2025.104731_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"426","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0047.2004.00264.x","article-title":"Pretreatment attrition and dropout in an outpatient clinic for anxiety disorders","volume":"109","author":"Issakidis","year":"2004","journal-title":"Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2025.104731_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/mpr.1766","article-title":"Efficacy of an unguided internet\u2010based self\u2010help intervention for social anxiety disorder in university students: A randomized controlled trial","volume":"28","author":"K\u00e4hlke","year":"2019","journal-title":"International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2025.104731_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1016\/j.janxdis.2003.11.002","article-title":"The effect of the decreased safety behaviors on anxiety and negative thoughts in social phobics","volume":"19","author":"Kim","year":"2005","journal-title":"Journal of Anxiety Disorders"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2025.104731_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"614","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chb.2017.04.017","article-title":"Effectiveness of self-training using the mobile-based virtual reality program in patients with social anxiety disorder","volume":"73","author":"Kim","year":"2017","journal-title":"Computers in Human Behavior"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2025.104731_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbtep.2005.07.001","article-title":"Efficacy of internet therapy for panic disorder","volume":"37","author":"Klein","year":"2006","journal-title":"Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2025.104731_bib52","series-title":"Applied multiple imputation","author":"Kleinke","year":"2020"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2025.104731_bib53","series-title":"Zur psychometrischen Differenzierbarkeit von sozialen \u00c4ngsten und sozialen Defiziten","author":"Kolbeck","year":"2008"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2025.104731_bib54","series-title":"Fragebogen zu sozialer Angst und sozialen Kompetenzdefiziten: SASKO","author":"Kolbeck","year":"2009"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2025.104731_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.janxdis.2021.102448","article-title":"Clinical predictors of treatment response towards exposure therapy in virtuo in spider phobia: A machine learning and external cross-validation approach","volume":"83","author":"Leehr","year":"2021","journal-title":"Journal of Anxiety Disorders"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2025.104731_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1016\/j.janxdis.2018.07.003","article-title":"Therapist-led and self-led one-session virtual reality exposure therapy for public speaking anxiety with consumer hardware and software: A randomized controlled trial","volume":"61","author":"Lindner","year":"2019","journal-title":"Journal of Anxiety Disorders"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2025.104731_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.2196\/17807","article-title":"Experiences of gamified and automated virtual reality exposure therapy for spider phobia: Qualitative study","volume":"8","author":"Lindner","year":"2020","journal-title":"JMIR Serious Games"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2025.104731_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brat.2021.103858","article-title":"Approach bias retraining through virtual reality in smokers willing to quit smoking: A randomized-controlled study","volume":"141","author":"Machulska","year":"2021","journal-title":"Behaviour Research and Therapy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2025.104731_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-244X-8-41","article-title":"Relaxation training for anxiety: A ten-years systematic review with meta-analysis","volume":"8","author":"Manzoni","year":"2008","journal-title":"BMC Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2025.104731_bib61","series-title":"Mini-DIPS: diagnostisches kurz-interview bei psychischen st\u00f6rungen","author":"Margraf","year":"1994"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2025.104731_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1026\/1616-3443\/a000430","article-title":"Strukturierte klinische Interviews zur Erfassung psychischer St\u00f6rungen \u00fcber die Lebensspanne","author":"Margraf","year":"2017","journal-title":"Zeitschrift f\u00fcr Klinische Psychologie und Psychotherapie"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2025.104731_bib63","series-title":"DIPS: Diagnostisches Interview bei psychischen St\u00f6rungen","first-page":"11","article-title":"Entwicklung und G\u00fctekriterien des DIPS: Diagnostisches Interview bei psychischen St\u00f6rungen","author":"Margraf","year":"1994"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2025.104731_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1300\/J137v13n03_04","article-title":"Progressive muscle relaxation","volume":"13","author":"McCallie","year":"2006","journal-title":"Journal of Human Behavior in the Social Environment"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2025.104731_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.2196\/15418","article-title":"Effectiveness of a mobile app intervention for anxiety and depression symptoms in university students: Randomized controlled trial","volume":"8","author":"McCloud","year":"2020","journal-title":"JMIR mHealth and uHealth"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2025.104731_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1016\/j.explore.2018.08.001","article-title":"The effect of progressive muscle relaxation on emotional competence: Depression\u2013anxiety\u2013stress, sense of coherence, health-related quality of life, and well-being of unemployed people in Greece: An intervention study","volume":"15","author":"Merakou","year":"2019","journal-title":"Explore"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2025.104731_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.2196\/jmir.1151","article-title":"Effectiveness of a novel integrative online treatment for depression (deprexis): Randomized controlled trial","volume":"11","author":"Meyer","year":"2009","journal-title":"Journal of Medical Internet Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2025.104731_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brat.2015.08.010","article-title":"Can virtual reality exposure therapy gains be generalized to real-life? A meta-analysis of studies applying behavioral assessments","volume":"74","author":"Morina","year":"2015","journal-title":"Behaviour Research and Therapy"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2025.104731_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1156","DOI":"10.1002\/jclp.23470","article-title":"Barriers to the use of exposure therapy by psychologists treating anxiety, obsessive\u2010compuslive disorder, and posttraumatic stress disorder in an Australian sample","volume":"79","author":"Moses","year":"2023","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Psychology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2025.104731_bib70","article-title":"Exposition aus sicht niedergelassener verhaltenstherapeutinnen und verhaltenstherapeuten","author":"Pittig","year":"2018","journal-title":"Zeitschrift f\u00fcr Klinische Psychologie und Psychotherapie"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2025.104731_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"561","DOI":"10.1016\/j.janxdis.2007.04.006","article-title":"Virtual reality exposure therapy for anxiety disorders: A meta-analysis","volume":"22","author":"Powers","year":"2008","journal-title":"Journal of Anxiety Disorders"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2025.104731_bib72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"546","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.1972.01750240058009","article-title":"Concordance between clinical assessments and patients' self-report in depression","volume":"26","author":"Prusoff","year":"1972","journal-title":"Archives of General Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2025.104731_bib73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.janxdis.2021.102451","article-title":"360 video virtual reality exposure therapy for public speaking anxiety: A randomized controlled trial","volume":"83","author":"Reeves","year":"2021","journal-title":"Journal of Anxiety Disorders"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2025.104731_bib74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1080\/13284200500378795","article-title":"Internet cognitive behavioural therapy for panic disorder: Does the inclusion of stress management information improve end\u2010state functioning?","volume":"10","author":"Richards","year":"2006","journal-title":"Clinical Psychologist"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2025.104731_bib75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1093\/jmt\/37.1.2","article-title":"Music assisted progressive muscle relaxation, progressive muscle relaxation, music listening, and silence: A comparison of relaxation techniques","volume":"37","author":"Robb","year":"2000","journal-title":"Journal of Music Therapy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2025.104731_bib76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.janxdis.2023.102790","article-title":"Mechanisms of action underlying virtual reality exposure treatment in spider phobia: Pivotal role of within-session fear reduction","volume":"100","author":"Roesmann","year":"2023","journal-title":"Journal of Anxiety Disorders"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2025.104731_bib77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"581","DOI":"10.1093\/biomet\/63.3.581","article-title":"Inference and missing data","volume":"63","author":"Rubin","year":"1976","journal-title":"Biometrika"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2025.104731_bib78","series-title":"Inhibitory learning","author":"Sewart","year":"2020"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2025.104731_bib79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/brb3.1894","article-title":"Psychometric properties of structured clinical interview for DSM\u20105 disorders\u2010clinician version (SCID\u20105\u2010CV)","volume":"11","author":"Shabani","year":"2021","journal-title":"Brain and Behavior"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2025.104731_bib80","first-page":"1","article-title":"Wartezeiten auf einen Psychotherapieplatz vor und nach der Psychotherapiestrukturreform","author":"Singer","year":"2021","journal-title":"Psychotherapeut"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2025.104731_bib81","article-title":"Das state-trait-angstinventar: Stai","author":"Spielberger","year":"2001","journal-title":"Beltz Test"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2025.104731_bib82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1186\/s12916-017-0889-2","article-title":"The cross-national epidemiology of social anxiety disorder: Data from the world mental health survey initiative","volume":"15","author":"Stein","year":"2017","journal-title":"BMC Medicine"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2025.104731_bib83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"866","DOI":"10.1016\/j.comppsych.2013.12.019","article-title":"Comparison of self-report and structured clinical interview in the identification of depression","volume":"55","author":"Stuart","year":"2014","journal-title":"Comprehensive Psychiatry"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2025.104731_bib84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1159\/000169699","article-title":"Reliabilit\u00e4t des diagnostischen interviews bei psychischen St\u00f6rungen (DIPS f\u00fcr DSM-IV-TR) unter klinischen Routinebedingungen","volume":"18","author":"Suppiger","year":"2008","journal-title":"Verhaltenstherapie"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2025.104731_bib85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.1007\/s15202-019-2301-x","article-title":"Angstst\u00f6rungen \u2014 Diagnostik, Psycho- und Pharmakotherapie","volume":"20","author":"Volz","year":"2019","journal-title":"DNP - Der Neurologe & Psychiater"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2025.104731_bib86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"270","DOI":"10.1002\/wps.20238","article-title":"How important are the common factors in psychotherapy? An update","volume":"14","author":"Wampold","year":"2015","journal-title":"World Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2025.104731_bib87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1758","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2019.01758","volume":"10","author":"Wechsler","year":"2019","journal-title":"Frontiers in Psychology"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2025.104731_bib88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"749","DOI":"10.1002\/da.22146","article-title":"Gaze avoidance in social anxiety disorder","volume":"30","author":"Weeks","year":"2013","journal-title":"Depression and Anxiety"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2025.104731_bib89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1016\/j.invent.2018.04.002","article-title":"Efficacy and cost-effectiveness of guided and unguided internet-and mobile-based indicated transdiagnostic prevention of depression and anxiety (ICare prevent): A three-armed randomized controlled trial in four European countries","volume":"16","author":"Weisel","year":"2019","journal-title":"Internet Interventions"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2025.104731_bib90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brat.2021.103984","article-title":"Pilot randomized trial of self-guided virtual reality exposure therapy for social anxiety disorder","volume":"147","author":"Zainal","year":"2021","journal-title":"Behaviour Research and Therapy"}],"container-title":["Behaviour Research and Therapy"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0005796725000531?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0005796725000531?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,26]],"date-time":"2025-04-26T00:28:15Z","timestamp":1745627295000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0005796725000531"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]},"references-count":89,"alternative-id":["S0005796725000531"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.brat.2025.104731","relation":{},"ISSN":["0005-7967"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0005-7967","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Fear not: Combining digital and virtual reality interventions for the treatment of social anxiety disorder \u2013 a randomized controlled trial","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Behaviour Research and Therapy","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.brat.2025.104731","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"104731"}}