{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,16]],"date-time":"2026-06-16T10:54:25Z","timestamp":1781607265192,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":92,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,1]],"date-time":"2025-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754006400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,1]],"date-time":"2025-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754006400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,9]],"date-time":"2025-05-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1746748800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001036","name":"Australian Rotary Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001036","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000925","name":"National Health and Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["GNT2013845"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["GNT2013845"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000925","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000925","name":"National Health and Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["GNT1132853"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["GNT1132853"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000925","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000925","name":"National Health and Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["GNT2026380"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["GNT2026380"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000925","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000925","name":"National Health and Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["GNT1195284"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["GNT1195284"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000925","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Behaviour Research and Therapy"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,8]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.brat.2025.104766","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,9]],"date-time":"2025-05-09T07:56:25Z","timestamp":1746777385000},"page":"104766","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Psychological mechanisms of change in reducing co-occurring social anxiety and alcohol use: A causal mediation analysis of the online Inroads intervention"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"191","author":[{"given":"Tara","family":"G\u00fcckel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katrina","family":"Prior","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicola C.","family":"Newton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew J.","family":"Baillie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maree","family":"Teesson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lexine A.","family":"Stapinski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2025.104766_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1080\/14737167.2018.1407245","article-title":"Clinical efficacy and economic evaluation of online cognitive behavioral therapy for major depressive disorder: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"18","author":"Ahern","year":"2018","journal-title":"Expert Review of Pharmacoeconomics & Outcomes Research"},{"issue":"7549","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2025.104766_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1080","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.332.7549.1080","article-title":"The cost of dichotomising continuous variables","volume":"332","author":"Altman","year":"2006","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2025.104766_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1002\/wps.20083","article-title":"Advantages and limitations of Internet-based interventions for common mental disorders","volume":"13","author":"Andersson","year":"2014","journal-title":"World Psychiatry"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2025.104766_bib4","article-title":"Co-occurring alcohol use disorder and anxiety: Bridging psychiatric, psychological, and neurobiological perspectives","volume":"40","author":"Anker","year":"2019","journal-title":"Alcohol Research: Current Reviews"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2025.104766_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1002\/mpr.329","article-title":"Multiple imputation by chained equations: What is it and how does it work?","volume":"20","author":"Azur","year":"2011","journal-title":"International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2025.104766_bib6","series-title":"The alcohol use disorders identification test, guidelines for use in primary care","author":"Babor","year":"2001"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2025.104766_bib7","series-title":"Clinical handbook of co-existing mental health and drug and alcohol problems","first-page":"197","article-title":"Anxiety and drug and alcohol problems","author":"Baillie","year":"2007"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2025.104766_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2005.04.011","article-title":"Substance-dependent patients with and without social anxiety disorder: Occurrence and clinical differences. A study of a consecutive sample of alcohol-dependent and poly-substance-dependent patients treated in two counties in Norway","volume":"80","author":"Bakken","year":"2005","journal-title":"Drug and Alcohol Dependence"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2025.104766_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2023.110957","article-title":"Mediators of effects of a digital alcohol intervention for online help-seekers: Findings from an effectiveness trial","volume":"251","author":"Bendtsen","year":"2023","journal-title":"Drug and Alcohol Dependence"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2025.104766_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"352","DOI":"10.1007\/s40501-019-00190-y","article-title":"Digital mental health for alcohol and substance use disorders","volume":"6","author":"Boumparis","year":"2019","journal-title":"Current Treatment Options in Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2025.104766_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2021.107099","article-title":"Examining changes in drinking motives and their influence on drinking behaviors among heavy drinkers during their first year of college","volume":"124","author":"Boyle","year":"2022","journal-title":"Addictive Behaviors"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2025.104766_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1037\/adb0001011","article-title":"Using causal mediation to examine self-efficacy as a mechanism through which continuing care interventions reduce alcohol use","author":"Brincks","year":"2024","journal-title":"Psychology of Addictive Behaviors"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2025.104766_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.1016\/j.beth.2006.02.007","article-title":"Social anxiety and problematic alcohol consumption: The mediating role of drinking motives and situations","volume":"37","author":"Buckner","year":"2006","journal-title":"Behav Ther"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2025.104766_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1116","DOI":"10.1037\/a0037063","article-title":"Comparing short forms of the social interaction anxiety scale and the social phobia scale","volume":"26","author":"Carleton","year":"2014","journal-title":"Psychological Assessment"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2025.104766_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1037\/1040-3590.6.2.117","article-title":"Motivations for alcohol use among adolescents: Development and validation of a four-factor model","volume":"6","author":"Cooper","year":"1994","journal-title":"Psychological Assessment"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2025.104766_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"168","DOI":"10.1037\/0021-843X.97.2.168","article-title":"A motivational model of alcohol use","volume":"97","author":"Cox","year":"1988","journal-title":"Journal of Abnormal Psychology"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2025.104766_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1177\/0706743716640757","article-title":"The age of onset of anxiety disorders: A meta-analysis","volume":"62","author":"de Lijster","year":"2017","journal-title":"Canadian Journal of Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2025.104766_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.4103\/ijpvm.ijpvm_208_21","article-title":"Internet-delivered versus face-to-face cognitive behavior therapy for anxiety disorders: Systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"12","author":"Esfandiari","year":"2021","journal-title":"International Journal of Preventive Medicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2025.104766_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2019.106128","article-title":"The epidemiology of alcohol use disorders cross-nationally: Findings from the World Mental Health Surveys","volume":"102","author":"Glantz","year":"2020","journal-title":"Addictive Behaviors"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2025.104766_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1034","DOI":"10.1037\/a0028555","article-title":"Cognitive reappraisal self-efficacy mediates the effects of individual cognitive-behavioral therapy for social anxiety disorder","volume":"80","author":"Goldin","year":"2012","journal-title":"Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2025.104766_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"206","DOI":"10.1007\/s11121-007-0070-9","article-title":"How many imputations are really needed? Some practical clarifications of multiple imputation theory","volume":"8","author":"Graham","year":"2007","journal-title":"Prevention Science"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2025.104766_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2611","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2007.07.004","article-title":"Psychometric evaluation of the five-factor modified drinking motives questionnaire--revised in undergraduates","volume":"32","author":"Grant","year":"2007","journal-title":"Addictive Behaviors"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2025.104766_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brat.2022.104251","article-title":"Mechanisms of cognitive behavioral therapy vs. supportive psychotherapy in body dysmorphic disorder: An exploratory mediation analysis","volume":"161","author":"Greenberg","year":"2023","journal-title":"Behaviour Research and Therapy"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2025.104766_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"224","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-3514.74.1.224","article-title":"Antecedent- and response-focused emotion regulation: Divergent consequences for experience, expression, and physiology","volume":"74","author":"Gross","year":"1998","journal-title":"Journal of Personality and Social Psychology"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2025.104766_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"348","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-3514.85.2.348","article-title":"Individual differences in two emotion regulation processes: Implications for affect, relationships, and well-being","volume":"85","author":"Gross","year":"2003","journal-title":"Journal of Personality and Social Psychology"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2025.104766_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"409","DOI":"10.1037\/a0025777","article-title":"The emotion regulation questionnaire for children and adolescents (ERQ-CA): A psychometric evaluation","volume":"24","author":"Gullone","year":"2012","journal-title":"Psychological Assessment"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2025.104766_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2023.1221487","article-title":"Validity of an online, self-administered timeline Followback for alcohol use with adolescents [brief research report]","volume":"14","author":"Hareskov Jensen","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front Psychiatry"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2025.104766_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2081","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1530-0277.2008.00796.x","article-title":"Nondaily smoking and alcohol use, hazardous drinking, and alcohol diagnoses among young adults: Findings from the NESARC","volume":"32","author":"Harrison","year":"2008","journal-title":"Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2025.104766_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"696","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brat.2013.07.006","article-title":"Mediators in psychological treatment of social anxiety disorder: Individual cognitive therapy compared to cognitive behavioral group therapy","volume":"51","author":"Hedman","year":"2013","journal-title":"Behaviour Research and Therapy"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2025.104766_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1080\/16506070701421313","article-title":"Cognitive factors that maintain social anxiety disorder: A comprehensive model and its treatment implications","volume":"36","author":"Hofmann","year":"2007","journal-title":"Cognitive Behaviour Therapy"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2025.104766_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1360-0443.2001.961575.x","article-title":"A review of expectancy theory and alcohol consumption","volume":"96","author":"Jones","year":"2001","journal-title":"Addiction"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2025.104766_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.1038\/s41746-022-00677-8","article-title":"A systematic review of digital and face-to-face cognitive behavioral therapy for depression","volume":"5","author":"Kambeitz-Ilankovic","year":"2022","journal-title":"npj Digital Medicine"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2025.104766_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.clinpsy.3.022806.091432","article-title":"Mediators and mechanisms of change in psychotherapy research","volume":"3","author":"Kazdin","year":"2007","journal-title":"Annual Review of Clinical Psychology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2025.104766_bib34","first-page":"11","article-title":"The long-term clinical course of generalized anxiety disorder","volume":"63","author":"Keller","year":"2002","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Psychiatry"},{"issue":"3\u20134","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2025.104766_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"388","DOI":"10.1080\/19371918.2013.774673","article-title":"Integrated treatment of substance use and psychiatric disorders","volume":"28","author":"Kelly","year":"2013","journal-title":"Soc Work Public Health"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2025.104766_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"593","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.62.6.593","article-title":"Lifetime prevalence and age-of-onset distributions of DSM-IV disorders in the national comorbidity survey replication","volume":"62","author":"Kessler","year":"2005","journal-title":"Archives of General Psychiatry"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2025.104766_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"527","DOI":"10.1111\/dar.12448","article-title":"A systematic review of the prevalence of comorbid mental health disorders in people presenting for substance use treatment in Australia","volume":"36","author":"Kingston","year":"2017","journal-title":"Drug and Alcohol Review"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2025.104766_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"334","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2020.10.021","article-title":"The role of expressive suppression and cognitive reappraisal in cognitive behavioral therapy for social anxiety disorder: A study of self-report, subjective, and electrocortical measures","volume":"279","author":"Kivity","year":"2021","journal-title":"Journal of Affective Disorders"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2025.104766_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"815","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2018.11406","article-title":"Diagnosis and pharmacotherapy of alcohol use disorder: A review","volume":"320","author":"Kranzler","year":"2018","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2025.104766_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-146-5-200703060-00004","article-title":"Anxiety disorders in primary care: Prevalence, impairment, comorbidity, and detection","volume":"146","author":"Kroenke","year":"2007","journal-title":"Annals of Internal Medicine"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2025.104766_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1016\/S0272-7358(99)00027-6","article-title":"The relationship between anxiety disorders and alcohol use disorders: A review of major perspectives and findings","volume":"20","author":"Kushner","year":"2000","journal-title":"Clinical Psychology Review"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2025.104766_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"697","DOI":"10.1080\/09638230600998946","article-title":"Cognitive behavioral treatment of comorbid anxiety disorder in alcoholism treatment patients: Presentation of a prototype program and future directions","volume":"15","author":"Kushner","year":"2009","journal-title":"Journal of Mental Health"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2025.104766_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"429","DOI":"10.1037\/a0031301","article-title":"Hybrid cognitive behavioral therapy versus relaxation training for co-occurring anxiety and alcohol disorder: A randomized clinical trial","volume":"81","author":"Kushner","year":"2013","journal-title":"Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2025.104766_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"852","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1530-0277.1994.tb00050.x","article-title":"Anxiety and drinking behavior: Moderating effects of tension-reduction alcohol outcome expectancies","volume":"18","author":"Kushner","year":"1994","journal-title":"Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2025.104766_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2015.05.031","article-title":"Prevalence of comorbid substance use, anxiety and mood disorders in epidemiological surveys, 1990-2014: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"154","author":"Lai","year":"2015","journal-title":"Drug and Alcohol Dependence"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2025.104766_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1038\/s44159-021-00003-1","article-title":"An overview of and recommendations for more accessible digital mental health services","volume":"1","author":"Lattie","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat Rev Psychol"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2025.104766_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1756","DOI":"10.1111\/acer.13819","article-title":"Mediators and Moderators of a personalized feedback alcohol intervention for nonstudent emerging adult drinkers","volume":"42","author":"Lau-Barraco","year":"2018","journal-title":"Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2025.104766_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1037\/h0044635","article-title":"Short-circuiting of threat by experimentally altering cognitive appraisal","volume":"69","author":"Lazarus","year":"1964","journal-title":"Journal of Abnormal Psychology"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2025.104766_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1045","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2021.14075","article-title":"A guideline for reporting mediation analyses of randomized trials and observational studies: The AGReMA statement","volume":"326","author":"Lee","year":"2021","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2025.104766_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.2196\/36004","article-title":"The effects of nonclinician guidance on effectiveness and process outcomes in digital mental health interventions: Systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"24","author":"Leung","year":"2022","journal-title":"Journal of Medical Internet Research"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2025.104766_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1002\/wps.20673","article-title":"The efficacy of app-supported smartphone interventions for mental health problems: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials","volume":"18","author":"Linardon","year":"2019","journal-title":"World Psychiatry"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2025.104766_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1677","DOI":"10.1111\/acer.15411","article-title":"From alcohol and other drug treatment mediator to mechanism to implementation: A systematic review and the cases of self-efficacy, social support, and craving","volume":"48","author":"Maisto","year":"2024","journal-title":"Alcohol, Clinical and Experimental Research"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2025.104766_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"957","DOI":"10.3109\/00048674.2011.624083","article-title":"Epidemiology of anxiety disorders in the Australian general population: Findings of the 2007 Australian national survey of mental health and wellbeing","volume":"45","author":"McEvoy","year":"2011","journal-title":"Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2025.104766_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"402","DOI":"10.1093\/alcalc\/agv131","article-title":"Is specialized integrated treatment for comorbid anxiety, depression and alcohol dependence better than treatment as usual in a public hospital setting?","volume":"51","author":"Morley","year":"2016","journal-title":"Alcohol and Alcoholism"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2025.104766_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1007\/s42761-022-00140-7","article-title":"Positive psychological intervention effects on depression: Positive emotion does not mediate intervention impact in a sample with elevated depressive symptoms","volume":"4","author":"Moskowitz","year":"2023","journal-title":"Affective Science"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2025.104766_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"516","DOI":"10.1037\/a0015991","article-title":"A dual-process model of the alcohol\u2013behavior link for social drinking","volume":"135","author":"Moss","year":"2009","journal-title":"Psychological Bulletin"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2025.104766_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"462","DOI":"10.1111\/1753-6405.13043","article-title":"Population patterns in alcohol use disorders identification test (AUDIT) scores in the Australian population; 2007-2016","volume":"44","author":"O'Brien","year":"2020","journal-title":"Australian & New Zealand Journal of Public Health"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2025.104766_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"392","DOI":"10.1080\/10810730.2013.811328","article-title":"Effects of an online alcohol education course among college freshmen: An investigation of potential mediators","volume":"19","author":"Paschall","year":"2014","journal-title":"Journal of Health Communication"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2025.104766_bib59","series-title":"Direct and indirect effects proceedings of the 17th conference in uncertainty in artificial intelligence","author":"Pearl","year":"2001"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2025.104766_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.1037\/a0024544","article-title":"Development of a short form social interaction anxiety (SIAS) and social phobia scale (SPS) using nonparametric item response theory: The SIAS-6 and the SPS-6","volume":"24","author":"Peters","year":"2012","journal-title":"Psychological Assessment"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2025.104766_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2471","DOI":"10.1111\/acer.12914","article-title":"Emotion regulation in alcohol dependence","volume":"39","author":"Petit","year":"2015","journal-title":"Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2025.104766_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1635","DOI":"10.1111\/add.16522","article-title":"Web-based intervention for young adults experiencing anxiety and hazardous alcohol use: Study protocol for an 18-month randomized controlled trial","volume":"119","author":"Prior","year":"2024","journal-title":"Addiction"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2025.104766_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1738","DOI":"10.3758\/s13428-023-02118-0","article-title":"Sample size and power calculations for causal mediation analysis: A tutorial and shiny app","volume":"56","author":"Qin","year":"2024","journal-title":"Behavior Research Methods"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2025.104766_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"741","DOI":"10.1016\/S0005-7967(97)00022-3","article-title":"A cognitive-behavioral model of anxiety in social phobia","volume":"35","author":"Rapee","year":"1997","journal-title":"Behaviour Research and Therapy"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2025.104766_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1393","DOI":"10.1016\/0270-0255(86)90088-6","article-title":"A new approach to causal inference in mortality studies with a sustained exposure period\u2014application to control of the healthy worker survivor effect","volume":"7","author":"Robins","year":"1986","journal-title":"Mathematical Modelling"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2025.104766_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1097\/00001648-199203000-00013","article-title":"Identifiability and exchangeability for direct and indirect effects","volume":"3","author":"Robins","year":"1992","journal-title":"Epidemiology"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2025.104766_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"637","DOI":"10.1037\/adb0000509","article-title":"Effects of a brief cognitive reappraisal intervention on reductions in alcohol consumption and related problems","volume":"33","author":"Rodriguez","year":"2019","journal-title":"Psychology of Addictive Behaviors"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2025.104766_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1002\/9781394258949.ch4","article-title":"Generalized anxiety disorder","author":"Rowa","year":"2017","journal-title":"Psychopathology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2025.104766_bib69","article-title":"Differences and similarities in motives to decrease drinking, and to drink in general between former and current heavy drinkers-implications for changing own drinking behaviour","volume":"12","author":"Rowicka","year":"2021","journal-title":"Frontiers in Psychology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2025.104766_bib70","first-page":"34","article-title":"Bayesian inference for causal effects: The role of randomization","author":"Rubin","year":"1978","journal-title":"Annals of Statistics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2025.104766_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jadr.2021.100194","article-title":"Identifying mediators of cognitive behaviour therapy and exposure therapy for social anxiety disorder (SAD) using repeated measures","volume":"6","author":"Rukmini","year":"2021","journal-title":"Journal of Affective Disorders Reports"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2025.104766_bib72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"393","DOI":"10.1037\/a0027565","article-title":"Efficacy of expectancy challenge interventions to reduce college student drinking: A meta-analytic review","volume":"26","author":"Scott-Sheldon","year":"2012","journal-title":"Psychology of Addictive Behaviors"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2025.104766_bib73","first-page":"231","article-title":"Psychometric properties of the mini-social phobia inventory","volume":"11","author":"Seeley-Wait","year":"2009","journal-title":"Primary Care Companion to the Journal of Clinical Psychiatry"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2025.104766_bib74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"444","DOI":"10.1080\/07448481.2013.831352","article-title":"An examination of risky drinking behaviors and motivations for alcohol use in a college sample","volume":"61","author":"Sheehan","year":"2013","journal-title":"Journal of American College Health"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2025.104766_bib75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e20","DOI":"10.1097\/EDE.0000000000001378","article-title":"CMAverse: A suite of functions for reproducible causal mediation analyses","volume":"32","author":"Shi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Epidemiology"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2025.104766_bib76","first-page":"256","article-title":"Drinking motives and their associations with alcohol use among adolescents in Sweden","volume":"38","author":"Sjodin","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nordisk Alkohol Nark"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2025.104766_bib77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"414","DOI":"10.35946\/arcr.v34.4.06","article-title":"Anxiety and alcohol use disorders: Comorbidity and treatment considerations","volume":"34","author":"Smith","year":"2012","journal-title":"Alcohol Research: Current Reviews"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2025.104766_bib78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1092","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.166.10.1092","article-title":"A brief measure for assessing generalized anxiety disorder: The GAD-7","volume":"166","author":"Spitzer","year":"2006","journal-title":"Archives of Internal Medicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2025.104766_bib79","series-title":"Treating comorbid substance use and emotional disorders","first-page":"9","article-title":"Cognitive behavioral therapy for social anxiety disorder and alcohol use disorder","author":"Stapinski","year":"2024"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2025.104766_bib80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2021.101048","article-title":"Are we making Inroads? A randomized controlled trial of a psychologist-supported, web-based, cognitive behavioral therapy intervention to reduce anxiety and hazardous alcohol use among emerging adults","volume":"39","author":"Stapinski","year":"2021","journal-title":"eClinicalMedicine"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2025.104766_bib81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.2196\/12370","article-title":"Protocol for the Inroads study: A randomized controlled trial of an internet-delivered, cognitive behavioral therapy-based early intervention to reduce anxiety and hazardous alcohol use among young people","volume":"8","author":"Stapinski","year":"2019","journal-title":"JMIR Res Protoc"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2025.104766_bib82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"504","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cbpra.2014.05.004","article-title":"The clinical and theoretical basis for integrated cognitive behavioral treatment of comorbid social anxiety and alcohol use disorders","volume":"22","author":"Stapinski","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cognitive and Behavioral Practice"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2025.104766_bib83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1177\/0004867420952539","article-title":"Randomised controlled trial of integrated cognitive behavioural treatment and motivational enhancement for comorbid social anxiety and alcohol use disorders","volume":"55","author":"Stapinski","year":"2021","journal-title":"Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2025.104766_bib84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1710","DOI":"10.1007\/s11469-022-00953-4","article-title":"Examining potential mechanisms of an online universal prevention for adolescent alcohol use: A causal mediation analysis","volume":"22","author":"Sunderland","year":"2024","journal-title":"International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2025.104766_bib85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1016\/j.invent.2016.12.001","article-title":"Logging into therapy: Adolescent perceptions of online therapies for mental health problems","volume":"15","author":"Sweeney","year":"2019","journal-title":"Internet Interv"},{"issue":"31 Suppl 1","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2025.104766_bib86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"i3","DOI":"10.1093\/eurpub\/ckz208","article-title":"Current state of scientific evidence on internet-based interventions for the treatment of depression, anxiety, eating disorders and substance abuse: An overview of systematic reviews and meta-analyses","volume":"31","author":"Taylor","year":"2021","journal-title":"The European Journal of Public Health"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2025.104766_bib87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2085","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1360-0443.2010.03096.x","article-title":"Prevalence and correlates of DSM-IV alcohol abuse and dependence in Australia: Findings of the 2007 national survey of mental health and wellbeing","volume":"105","author":"Teesson","year":"2010","journal-title":"Addiction"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2025.104766_bib88","series-title":"Explanation in causal inference : Methods for mediation and interaction","author":"VanderWeele","year":"2015"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2025.104766_bib89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"268","DOI":"10.7326\/M16-2607","article-title":"Sensitivity analysis in observational research: Introducing the E-value","volume":"167","author":"VanderWeele","year":"2017","journal-title":"Annals of Internal Medicine"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2025.104766_bib90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1515\/em-2012-0010","article-title":"Mediation analysis with multiple mediators","volume":"2","author":"VanderWeele","year":"2014","journal-title":"Epidemiologic Methods"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2025.104766_bib91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2023.110990","article-title":"Integrated behavioral treatments for comorbid anxiety and substance use disorders: A model for understanding integrated treatment approaches and meta-analysis to evaluate their efficacy","volume":"253","author":"Wolitzky-Taylor","year":"2023","journal-title":"Drug and Alcohol Dependence"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2025.104766_bib92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brat.2021.103999","article-title":"Development and Initial Pilot Testing of a fully integrated treatment for comorbid social anxiety disorder and alcohol use disorder in a community-based SUD clinic setting","volume":"148","author":"Wolitzky-Taylor","year":"2022","journal-title":"Behaviour Research and Therapy"}],"container-title":["Behaviour Research and Therapy"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0005796725000889?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0005796725000889?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,11]],"date-time":"2026-05-11T04:23:07Z","timestamp":1778473387000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0005796725000889"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,8]]},"references-count":92,"alternative-id":["S0005796725000889"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.brat.2025.104766","relation":{},"ISSN":["0005-7967"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0005-7967","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Psychological mechanisms of change in reducing co-occurring social anxiety and alcohol use: A causal mediation analysis of the online Inroads intervention","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Behaviour Research and Therapy","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.brat.2025.104766","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"104766"}}