{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,14]],"date-time":"2026-04-14T02:02:56Z","timestamp":1776132176505,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777593600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777593600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2027,3,11]],"date-time":"2027-03-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1804723200000},"content-version":"am","delay-in-days":314,"URL":"http:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/open-access\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777593600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777593600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777593600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777593600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777593600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000026","name":"National Institute on Drug Abuse","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["K24 DA061976"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K24 DA061976"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000026","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Behaviour Research and Therapy"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.brat.2026.105014","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,10]],"date-time":"2026-03-10T07:19:09Z","timestamp":1773127149000},"page":"105014","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"special_numbering":"C","title":["PTSD-related drinking to cope and changes in drinking risk levels in a nationally representative sample"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"200","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0623-7378","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Robyn A.","family":"Ellis","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christiane","family":"Mandes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sarah","family":"Lavery","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"R. Votaw","family":"Victoria","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"R. Kathryn","family":"McHugh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2026.105014_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brat.2019.03.003","article-title":"Predictors of attendance and dropout in three randomized controlled trials of PTSD treatment for active duty service members","volume":"118","author":"Berke","year":"2019","journal-title":"Behaviour Research and Therapy"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2026.105014_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1080\/15504263.2021.1891360","article-title":"Drinking to cope with posttraumatic stress: A nationally representative study of men with and without military combat experience","volume":"17","author":"Blakey","year":"2021","journal-title":"Journal of Dual Diagnosis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2026.105014_bib3","article-title":"From sleep to sip? Examining a daily model of sleep and trauma-related drinking among sexual violence survivors","author":"Brockdorf","year":"2024","journal-title":"Psychology of Addictive Behaviors: Journal of the Society of Psychologists in Addictive Behaviors"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2026.105014_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2020.108002","article-title":"Is craving a risk factor for substance use among treatment-seeking individuals with alcohol and other drugs use disorders? A meta-analytic review","volume":"212","author":"Cavicchioli","year":"2020","journal-title":"Drug and Alcohol Dependence"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2026.105014_bib33","series-title":"Alcohol Use and Alcohol Use Disorders in the United States, a 3-Year Follow-Up: Main Findings from the 2004\u20132005 Wave 2 National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions (NESARC)","author":"Chen","year":"2010"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2026.105014_bib32","series-title":"Alcohol Use and Alcohol Use Disorders in the United States: Main Findings from the 2001\u20132002 National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions (NESARC)","author":"Chen","year":"2006"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2026.105014_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1016\/S0376-8716(01)00157-0","article-title":"Trauma and substance cue reactivity in individuals with comorbid posttraumatic stress disorder and cocaine or alcohol dependence","volume":"65","author":"Coffey","year":"2002","journal-title":"Drug and Alcohol Dependence"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2026.105014_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1037\/adb0001104","article-title":"The effect of PTSD on WHO risk drinking levels and reductions in a nationally representative sample","volume":"40","author":"Ellis","year":"2026","journal-title":"Psychol. Addict. Behav.: J. Soc. Psychol. Addict. Behav."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2026.105014_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1080\/15504263.2023.2260326","article-title":"Co-Occurring posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms and alcohol use behaviors: The mediating role of drinking to cope with PTSD symptoms","volume":"19","author":"Ferrie","year":"2023","journal-title":"Journal of Dual Diagnosis"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2026.105014_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"911","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapsychiatry.2017.2161","article-title":"Prevalence of 12-Month alcohol use, high-risk drinking, and DSM-IV alcohol use disorder in the United States, 2001-2002 to 2012-2013","volume":"74","author":"Grant","year":"2017","journal-title":"JAMA Psychiatry"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2026.105014_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"469","DOI":"10.1016\/S2215-0366(17)30130-X","article-title":"Change in non-abstinent WHO drinking risk levels and alcohol dependence: A 3 year follow-up study in the US general population","volume":"4","author":"Hasin","year":"2017","journal-title":"The Lancet Psychiatry"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2026.105014_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"699","DOI":"10.1002\/jts.22521","article-title":"A systematic review of the self-medication hypothesis in the context of posttraumatic stress disorder and comorbid problematic alcohol use","volume":"33","author":"Hawn","year":"2020","journal-title":"Journal of Traumatic Stress"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2026.105014_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"940","DOI":"10.1002\/jclp.70008","article-title":"Evaluation of a 20-Item version of the trauma-related drinking to cope questionnaire","volume":"81","author":"Hawn","year":"2025","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Psychology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2026.105014_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1002\/jts.22987","article-title":"An empirical investigation of definitions of subthreshold posttraumatic stress disorder","volume":"37","author":"Klein","year":"2024","journal-title":"Journal of Traumatic Stress"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2026.105014_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"228","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2019.01.009","article-title":"Reduction in non-abstinent WHO drinking risk levels and depression\/anxiety disorders: 3-year follow-up results in the US general population","volume":"197","author":"Knox","year":"2019","journal-title":"Drug and Alcohol Dependence"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2026.105014_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2256","DOI":"10.1111\/acer.13884","article-title":"Reduction in nonabstinent WHO drinking risk levels and change in risk for liver disease and positive AUDIT-C scores: Prospective 3-Year Follow-Up results in the U.S. general population","volume":"42","author":"Knox","year":"2018","journal-title":"Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2026.105014_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"559","DOI":"10.1016\/j.conb.2013.03.011","article-title":"Negative reinforcement in drug addiction: The darkness within","volume":"23","author":"Koob","year":"2013","journal-title":"Current Opinion in Neurobiology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2026.105014_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1124\/pharmrev.120.000083","article-title":"Drug addiction: Hyperkatifeia\/negative reinforcement as a framework for medications development","volume":"73","author":"Koob","year":"2021","journal-title":"Pharmacological Reviews"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2026.105014_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.abrep.2019.100205","article-title":"Ecological momentary assessment studies of comorbid PTSD and alcohol use: A narrative review","volume":"10","author":"Lane","year":"2019","journal-title":"Addictive Behaviors Reports"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2026.105014_bib18","first-page":"5","article-title":"Sexual traumatic event exposure, posttraumatic stress symptomatology, and alcohol misuse among women: A critical review of the empirical literature","volume":"24","author":"Langdon","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2026.105014_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"569","DOI":"10.1037\/adb0000569","article-title":"Parallel process modeling of posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms and alcohol use severity in returning veterans","volume":"34","author":"Mahoney","year":"2020","journal-title":"Psychology of Addictive Behaviors"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2026.105014_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1080\/10826084.2018.1517176","article-title":"PTSD symptomology and motivated alcohol use among military service members: Testing a conditional indirect effect model of social support","volume":"54","author":"McCabe","year":"2019","journal-title":"Substance Use & Misuse"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2026.105014_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.3109\/16066359.2014.949696","article-title":"Drinking motives among heavy-drinking veterans with and without posttraumatic stress disorder","volume":"23","author":"McDevitt-Murphy","year":"2015","journal-title":"Addiction Research and Theory"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2026.105014_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2016.08.029","article-title":"Drinking motives and PTSD-related alcohol expectancies among combat veterans","volume":"64","author":"McDevitt-Murphy","year":"2017","journal-title":"Addictive Behaviors"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2026.105014_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.1111\/acer.15002","article-title":"Prevalence and correlates of alcohol-induced blackout in a diverse sample of veterans","volume":"47","author":"Miller","year":"2023","journal-title":"Alcohol, Clinical & Experimental Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2026.105014_bib35","series-title":"Mplus users guide (Version 8)","author":"Muth\u00e9n","year":"2017"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2026.105014_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"456","DOI":"10.1016\/j.janxdis.2010.11.010","article-title":"Prevalence and axis I comorbidity of full and partial posttraumatic stress disorder in the United States: Results from wave 2 of the national epidemiologic survey on alcohol and related conditions","volume":"25","author":"Pietrzak","year":"2011","journal-title":"Journal of Anxiety Disorders"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2026.105014_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2021.786664","article-title":"The impact of Co-occurring post-traumatic stress disorder and substance use disorders on craving: A systematic review of the literature","volume":"12","author":"Renaud","year":"2021","journal-title":"Frontiers in Psychiatry"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2026.105014_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"407","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-clinpsy-021815-093351","article-title":"The role of craving in substance use disorders: Theoretical and methodological issues","volume":"12","author":"Sayette","year":"2016","journal-title":"Annual Review of Clinical Psychology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2026.105014_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1037\/a0035193","article-title":"Drinking motives moderate daily relationships between PTSD symptoms and alcohol use","volume":"123","author":"Simpson","year":"2014","journal-title":"Journal of Abnormal Psychology"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2026.105014_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"724","DOI":"10.1037\/a0027169","article-title":"Symptoms of posttraumatic stress predict craving among alcohol treatment seekers: Results of a daily monitoring study","volume":"26","author":"Simpson","year":"2012","journal-title":"Psychology of Addictive Behaviors"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2026.105014_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"634","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2006.06.001","article-title":"Triggers for cocaine and alcohol use in the presence and absence of posttraumatic stress disorder","volume":"32","author":"Waldrop","year":"2007","journal-title":"Addictive Behaviors"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2026.105014_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapsychiatry.2025.2508","article-title":"Reductions in world health organization risk drinking levels as a primary efficacy end point for alcohol clinical trials: A review","author":"Witkiewitz","year":"2025","journal-title":"JAMA Psychiatry"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2026.105014_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1054","DOI":"10.1111\/acer.13371","article-title":"Temporal stability of heavy drinking days and drinking reductions among heavy drinkers in the COMBINE study","volume":"41","author":"Witkiewitz","year":"2017","journal-title":"Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research"}],"container-title":["Behaviour Research and Therapy"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0005796726000665?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0005796726000665?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,14]],"date-time":"2026-04-14T01:36:59Z","timestamp":1776130619000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0005796726000665"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"references-count":34,"alternative-id":["S0005796726000665"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.brat.2026.105014","relation":{},"ISSN":["0005-7967"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0005-7967","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"PTSD-related drinking to cope and changes in drinking risk levels in a nationally representative sample","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Behaviour Research and Therapy","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.brat.2026.105014","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 Elsevier Ltd. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"105014"}}