{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T20:11:31Z","timestamp":1790107891433,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785542400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785542400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,3]],"date-time":"2026-06-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780444800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["JP16K10253"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JP16K10253"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["JP19K08076"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JP19K08076"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["JP22K07598"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JP22K07598"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Behaviour Research and Therapy"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.brat.2026.105098","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,2]],"date-time":"2026-06-02T06:36:48Z","timestamp":1780382208000},"page":"105098","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Visual memory impairment in medication-free obsessive\u2013compulsive disorder without psychiatric comorbidity: A CANTAB paired associates learning study"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"203","author":[{"given":"Kou","family":"Matsukuma","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Keitaro","family":"Murayama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hirofumi","family":"Tomiyama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kenta","family":"Kato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nami","family":"Nishida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Makoto","family":"Kawahito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kana","family":"Tsunoda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takuro","family":"Kamio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kenta","family":"Sashikata","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mingi","family":"Kang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ayaka","family":"Shuto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shoma","family":"Tanaka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tomohiro","family":"Nakao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2026.105098_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1111\/bjc.12501","article-title":"A narrative review of factors affecting memory confidence in the context of compulsive checking: A search for evidence-based potential therapeutic targets to improve memory confidence","volume":"64","author":"Abbasi Jondani","year":"2025","journal-title":"British Journal of Clinical Psychology"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2026.105098_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1163","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2013.09.004","article-title":"The neuropsychology of adult obsessive-compulsive disorder: A meta-analysis","volume":"33","author":"Abramovitch","year":"2013","journal-title":"Clinical Psychology Review"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2026.105098_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2018.09.003","article-title":"The impact of symptom severity on cognitive function in obsessive-compulsive disorder: A meta-analysis","volume":"67","author":"Abramovitch","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clinical Psychology Review"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2026.105098_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1635","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2012.09.002","article-title":"Obsessive-compulsive symptom dimensions correlate to specific gray matter volumes in treatment-naive patients","volume":"46","author":"Alvarenga","year":"2012","journal-title":"Journal of Psychiatric Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2026.105098_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2025.111301","article-title":"Assessment of cognitive domains in major depressive disorders using the Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery (CANTAB): Systematic review and meta-analysis of cross-sectional and longitudinal studies","volume":"138","author":"Arnone","year":"2025","journal-title":"Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2026.105098_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.32598\/bcn.2022.1604.3","article-title":"Cognitive rehabilitation for adult patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder: A systematic review of randomized controlled trials","volume":"15","author":"Bakizadeh","year":"2024","journal-title":"Basic and Clinical Neuroscience"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2026.105098_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"449","DOI":"10.1007\/7854_2015_5001","article-title":"The Paired Associates Learning (PAL) Test: 30 years of CANTAB translational neuroscience from laboratory to bedside in dementia research","volume":"28","author":"Barnett","year":"2016","journal-title":"Current Topics in Behavioral Neurosciences"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2026.105098_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"208","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2013.05.032","article-title":"Olfactory identification deficits and associated response inhibition in obsessive-compulsive disorder: On the scent of the orbitofronto-striatal model","volume":"210","author":"Bersani","year":"2013","journal-title":"Psychiatry Research"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2026.105098_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1532","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.2008.08020320","article-title":"Meta-analysis of the symptom structure of obsessive-compulsive disorder","volume":"165","author":"Bloch","year":"2008","journal-title":"American Journal of Psychiatry"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2026.105098_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.2016.16020201","article-title":"Distinct subcortical volume alterations in pediatric and adult OCD: A worldwide Meta- and mega-analysis","volume":"174","author":"Boedhoe","year":"2017","journal-title":"American Journal of Psychiatry"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2026.105098_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1257","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291720001634","article-title":"Meta-analysis of neurocognitive deficits in unaffected relatives of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD): Comparison with healthy controls and patients with OCD","volume":"50","author":"Bora","year":"2020","journal-title":"Psychological Medicine"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2026.105098_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"425","DOI":"10.1080\/14737175.2020.1746644","article-title":"Neuropsychological performance across symptom dimensions of obsessive-compulsive disorder: A comment on the state and critical review of the literature","volume":"20","author":"Cameron","year":"2020","journal-title":"Expert Review of Neurotherapeutics"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2026.105098_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"906","DOI":"10.1080\/13803395.2013.833178","article-title":"Memory functioning in individuals with traumatic brain injury: An examination of the Wechsler memory Scale-Fourth Edition (WMS-IV)","volume":"35","author":"Carlozzi","year":"2013","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2026.105098_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"681","DOI":"10.1016\/S0005-7967(02)00044-X","article-title":"\"Not just right experiences\": Perfectionism, obsessive-compulsive features and general psychopathology","volume":"41","author":"Coles","year":"2003","journal-title":"Behaviour Research and Therapy"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2026.105098_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"244","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jocrd.2012.07.006","article-title":"Mental contamination in obsessive\u2013compulsive disorder","volume":"1","author":"Coughtrey","year":"2012","journal-title":"Journal of Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders"},{"issue":"13","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2026.105098_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2404","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291722001908","article-title":"Are people with obsessive-compulsive disorder under-confident in their memory and perception? A review and meta-analysis","volume":"52","author":"Dar","year":"2022","journal-title":"Psychological Medicine"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2026.105098_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2060","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropsychologia.2011.03.037","article-title":"Hippocampal dysfunction in patients with mild cognitive impairment: A functional neuroimaging study of a visuospatial paired associates learning task","volume":"49","author":"de Rover","year":"2011","journal-title":"Neuropsychologia"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2026.105098_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1100","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.2012.12010073","article-title":"Presupplementary motor area hyperactivity during response inhibition: A candidate endophenotype of obsessive-compulsive disorder","volume":"169","author":"de Wit","year":"2012","journal-title":"American Journal of Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2026.105098_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2022.119226","article-title":"A decision support system for Rey\u2013Osterrieth complex figure evaluation","volume":"213","author":"Di Febbo","year":"2023","journal-title":"Expert Systems with Applications"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2026.105098_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2022.962025","article-title":"The challenge of neuropsychological assessment of visual\/visuo-spatial memory: A critical, historical review, and lessons for the present and future","volume":"13","author":"Diaz-Orueta","year":"2022","journal-title":"Frontiers in Psychology"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2026.105098_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/brainsci15050492","article-title":"Memory functions in obsessive\u2013compulsive disorder","volume":"15","author":"Gurrieri","year":"2025","journal-title":"Brain Sciences"},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2026.105098_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"166","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2010.08.001","article-title":"Distinct neuropsychological profiles of three major symptom dimensions in obsessive-compulsive disorder","volume":"187","author":"Hashimoto","year":"2011","journal-title":"Psychiatry Research"},{"issue":"2\u20133","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2026.105098_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2010.04.016","article-title":"Nonverbal memory and organizational dysfunctions are related with distinct symptom dimensions in obsessive-compulsive disorder","volume":"180","author":"Jang","year":"2010","journal-title":"Psychiatry Research"},{"issue":"13","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2026.105098_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2358","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291717000885","article-title":"Modafinil and cognitive enhancement in schizophrenia and healthy volunteers: The effects of test battery in a randomised controlled trial","volume":"47","author":"Lees","year":"2017","journal-title":"Psychological Medicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2026.105098_bib25","series-title":"International encyclopedia of the Social & Behavioral Sciences","article-title":"Visual memory, psychology of","author":"Magnussen","year":"2001"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2026.105098_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"332","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1819.2006.01510.x","article-title":"Estimation of premorbid IQ in individuals with Alzheimer's disease using Japanese ideographic script (Kanji) compound words: Japanese version of National Adult Reading Test","volume":"60","author":"Matsuoka","year":"2006","journal-title":"Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2026.105098_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"246","DOI":"10.1080\/13803395.2012.763113","article-title":"Association between cerebral metabolism and Rey-Osterrieth Complex figure Test performance in Alzheimer's disease","volume":"35","author":"Melrose","year":"2013","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2026.105098_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"831","DOI":"10.1037\/bul0000051","article-title":"Anxiety and working memory capacity: A meta-analysis and narrative review","volume":"142","author":"Moran","year":"2016","journal-title":"Psychological Bulletin"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2026.105098_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.1007\/s00213-010-1963-z","article-title":"Impaired visuospatial associative memory and attention in obsessive compulsive disorder but no evidence for differential dopaminergic modulation","volume":"212","author":"Morein-Zamir","year":"2010","journal-title":"Psychopharmacology"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2026.105098_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"308","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brat.2009.01.004","article-title":"No deficits in nonverbal memory, metamemory and internal as well as external source memory in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD)","volume":"47","author":"Moritz","year":"2009","journal-title":"Behaviour Research and Therapy"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2026.105098_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2044","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brat.2007.03.003","article-title":"Enhanced perceived responsibility decreases metamemory but not memory accuracy in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD)","volume":"45","author":"Moritz","year":"2007","journal-title":"Behaviour Research and Therapy"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2026.105098_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1819.1995.tb01875.x","article-title":"Reliability and validity of the Japanese version of the Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale","volume":"49","author":"Nakajima","year":"1995","journal-title":"Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2026.105098_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2017.01.013","article-title":"Association between CSF biomarkers, hippocampal volume and cognitive function in patients with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (MCI)","volume":"53","author":"Nathan","year":"2017","journal-title":"Neurobiology of Aging"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2026.105098_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E170","DOI":"10.1503\/jpn.230119","article-title":"Hippocampal and amygdala subfield volumes in obsessive-compulsive disorder by medication status","volume":"50","author":"Ntwatwa","year":"2025","journal-title":"Journal of Psychiatry & Neuroscience"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2026.105098_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1007\/s11065-018-9369-5","article-title":"A meta-analysis of the effects of antidepressants on cognitive functioning in depressed and non-depressed samples","volume":"28","author":"Prado","year":"2018","journal-title":"Neuropsychology Review"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2026.105098_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"625","DOI":"10.1016\/S0005-7967(01)00028-6","article-title":"A cognitive theory of compulsive checking","volume":"40","author":"Rachman","year":"2002","journal-title":"Behaviour Research and Therapy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2026.105098_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brat.2014.05.008","article-title":"When more is less: Doubt, repetition, memory, metamemory, and compulsive checking in OCD","volume":"59","author":"Radomsky","year":"2014","journal-title":"Behaviour Research and Therapy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2026.105098_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2021.662449","article-title":"Executive functioning in Chinese patients with obsessive compulsive disorder","volume":"12","author":"Ren","year":"2021","journal-title":"Frontiers in Psychiatry"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2026.105098_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1159\/000535665","article-title":"Neuropsychological assessments of cognitive impairment in major depressive disorder: A systematic review and meta-analysis with meta-regression","volume":"93","author":"Rhee","year":"2024","journal-title":"Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2026.105098_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2029","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291713002535","article-title":"Cognitive impairment in depression: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"44","author":"Rock","year":"2014","journal-title":"Psychological Medicine"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2026.105098_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"495","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.mp.4001798","article-title":"The Dimensional Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale (DY-BOCS): An instrument for assessing obsessive-compulsive symptom dimensions","volume":"11","author":"Rosario-Campos","year":"2006","journal-title":"Molecular Psychiatry"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2026.105098_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1038\/mp.2008.94","article-title":"The epidemiology of obsessive-compulsive disorder in the National Comorbidity Survey Replication","volume":"15","author":"Ruscio","year":"2010","journal-title":"Molecular Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2026.105098_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"695","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/111.3.695","article-title":"A comparative study of visuospatial memory and learning in Alzheimer-type dementia and Parkinson's disease","volume":"111","author":"Sahakian","year":"1988","journal-title":"Brain"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2026.105098_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"527","DOI":"10.1037\/a0018653","article-title":"Do organizational strategies mediate nonverbal memory impairment in drug-na\u00efve patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder?","volume":"24","author":"Shin","year":"2010","journal-title":"Neuropsychology"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2026.105098_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1121","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291713001803","article-title":"Cognitive functioning in obsessive-compulsive disorder: A meta-analysis","volume":"44","author":"Shin","year":"2014","journal-title":"Psychological Medicine"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2026.105098_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1038\/s41572-019-0102-3","article-title":"Obsessive-compulsive disorder","volume":"5","author":"Stein","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nature Reviews Disease Primers"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2026.105098_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2019.101807","article-title":"Why check? A meta-analysis of checking in obsessive-compulsive disorder: Threat vs. distrust of senses","volume":"75","author":"Strauss","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clinical Psychology Review"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2026.105098_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1155","DOI":"10.1002\/jclp.20080","article-title":"Understanding and treating incompleteness in obsessive-compulsive disorder","volume":"60","author":"Summerfeldt","year":"2004","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Psychology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2026.105098_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"182","DOI":"10.1007\/s40501-018-0142-4","article-title":"Symptom dimensions in obsessive-compulsive disorder as predictors of neurobiology and treatment response","volume":"5","author":"Thorsen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Current Treatment Options in Psychiatry"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2026.105098_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"913","DOI":"10.1016\/S0005-7967(00)00064-4","article-title":"Memory and memory confidence in obsessive-compulsive disorder","volume":"39","author":"Tolin","year":"2001","journal-title":"Behaviour Research and Therapy"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2026.105098_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.4236\/jbbs.2012.21013","article-title":"Clinical validation of Cambridge neuropsychological Test automated battery in a Norwegian epilepsy population","volume":"2","author":"Torgersen","year":"2012","journal-title":"Journal of Behavioral and Brain Science"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2026.105098_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"661","DOI":"10.1007\/s00406-016-0743-0","article-title":"Clinical and treatment-related predictors of cognition in bipolar disorder: Focus on visual paired associative learning","volume":"267","author":"Tournikioti","year":"2017","journal-title":"European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2026.105098_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.1016\/S0005-7967(02)00012-8","article-title":"Repeated checking causes memory distrust","volume":"41","author":"van den Hout","year":"2003","journal-title":"Behaviour Research and Therapy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2026.105098_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jocrd.2017.11.006","article-title":"OCD-like checking in the lab: A meta-analysis and improvement of an experimental paradigm","volume":"20","author":"van den Hout","year":"2019","journal-title":"Journal of Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2026.105098_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1097\/WNN.0000000000000021","article-title":"Memory and executive functions in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder","volume":"27","author":"Vandborg","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cognitive and Behavioral Neurology"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2026.105098_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.1159\/000348582","article-title":"Symptom dimensions in obsessive-compulsive disorder: Phenomenology and treatment outcomes with exposure and ritual prevention","volume":"46","author":"Williams","year":"2013","journal-title":"Psychopathology"},{"issue":"14","key":"10.1016\/j.brat.2026.105098_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4105","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.24688","article-title":"Abnormalities of hippocampal shape and subfield volumes in medication-free patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder","volume":"40","author":"Zhang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Human Brain Mapping"}],"container-title":["Behaviour Research and Therapy"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0005796726001518?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0005796726001518?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T19:51:24Z","timestamp":1790106684000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0005796726001518"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"references-count":57,"alternative-id":["S0005796726001518"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.brat.2026.105098","relation":{},"ISSN":["0005-7967"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0005-7967","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Visual memory impairment in medication-free obsessive\u2013compulsive disorder without psychiatric comorbidity: A CANTAB paired associates learning study","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Behaviour Research and Therapy","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.brat.2026.105098","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"105098"}}