{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,23]],"date-time":"2026-07-23T05:26:51Z","timestamp":1784784411321,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":109,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,1]],"date-time":"2023-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1682899200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,1]],"date-time":"2023-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1682899200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,16]],"date-time":"2023-05-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1684195200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":15,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["brainstimjrnl.com","clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Brain Stimulation"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,5]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.brs.2023.05.011","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,20]],"date-time":"2023-05-20T19:21:47Z","timestamp":1684610507000},"page":"867-878","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Future directions in psychiatric neurosurgery: Proceedings of the 2022 American Society for Stereotactic and Functional Neurosurgery meeting on surgical neuromodulation for psychiatric disorders"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5308-9817","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Frederick L.","family":"Hitti","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alik S.","family":"Widge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patricio","family":"Riva-Posse","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"suffix":"Jr.","given":"Donald A.","family":"Malone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael S.","family":"Okun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maryam M.","family":"Shanechi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2436-4138","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kelly D.","family":"Foote","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2037-6470","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sarah H.","family":"Lisanby","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5329-8005","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elizabeth","family":"Ankudowich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Srinivas","family":"Chivukula","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Edward F.","family":"Chang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7925-0747","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aysegul","family":"Gunduz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7586-2487","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Clement","family":"Hamani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ashley","family":"Feinsinger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cynthia S.","family":"Kubu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Winston","family":"Chiong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9471-4626","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jennifer A.","family":"Chandler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rafael","family":"Carbunaru","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Binith","family":"Cheeran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert S.","family":"Raike","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7823-012X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rachel A.","family":"Davis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Casey H.","family":"Halpern","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nora","family":"Vanegas-Arroyave","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dejan","family":"Markovic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0753-1720","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sarah K.","family":"Bick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cameron C.","family":"McIntyre","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R. Mark","family":"Richardson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4691-4353","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Darin D.","family":"Dougherty","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6955-4787","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Brian H.","family":"Kopell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jennifer A.","family":"Sweet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wayne K.","family":"Goodman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8770-8965","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sameer A.","family":"Sheth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nader","family":"Pouratian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2023.05.011_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1001547","article-title":"Burden of depressive disorders by country, sex, age, and year: findings from the global burden of disease study 2010","volume":"10","author":"Ferrari","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2023.05.011_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"476","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyu038","article-title":"The global prevalence of common mental disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis 1980\u20132013","volume":"43","author":"Steel","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int J Epidemiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2023.05.011_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1038\/mp.2008.94","article-title":"The epidemiology of obsessive-compulsive disorder in the national comorbidity survey replication","volume":"15","author":"Ruscio","year":"2010","journal-title":"Mol Psychiatr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2023.05.011_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1001","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2020.07.115","article-title":"Suicide attempts and suicidal ideation in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"276","author":"Pellegrini","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Affect Disord"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2023.05.011_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"455","DOI":"10.4088\/JCP.v66n0408","article-title":"Psychotherapy and medication in the treatment of adult and geriatric depression: which monotherapy or combined treatment?","volume":"66","author":"Hollon","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Clin Psychiatry"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2023.05.011_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"739","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.2007.164.5.739","article-title":"Cognitive therapy versus medication in augmentation and switch strategies as second-step treatments: a STAR*D report","volume":"164","author":"Thase","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am J Psychiatr"},{"issue":"Suppl 6","key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2023.05.011_bib7","first-page":"16","article-title":"Treatment-resistant depression","volume":"67","author":"Souery","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Clin Psychiatry"},{"issue":"Suppl 16","key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2023.05.011_bib8","first-page":"26","article-title":"The burden of disease for treatment-resistant depression","volume":"62","author":"Greden","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Clin Psychiatry"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2023.05.011_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"232","DOI":"10.1186\/s12888-020-02642-9","article-title":"Risk and risk factors for disability pension among patients with treatment resistant depression- a matched cohort study","volume":"20","author":"Taipale","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMC Psychiatr"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2023.05.011_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1017\/S1461145702002900","article-title":"Treatment non-response in OCD: methodological issues and operational definitions","volume":"5","author":"Pallanti","year":"2002","journal-title":"Int J Neuropsychopharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2023.05.011_bib11","first-page":"1","article-title":"Long-term outcomes following deep brain stimulation for Parkinson's disease","author":"Hitti","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Neurosurg"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2023.05.011_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1001\/2013.jamaneurol.45","article-title":"History, applications, and mechanisms of deep brain stimulation","volume":"70","author":"Miocinovic","year":"2013","journal-title":"JAMA Neurol"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2023.05.011_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1061","DOI":"10.1001\/archgenpsychiatry.2010.122","article-title":"Deep brain stimulation of the nucleus accumbens for treatment-refractory obsessive-compulsive disorder","volume":"67","author":"Denys","year":"2010","journal-title":"Arch Gen Psychiatr"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2023.05.011_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1272","DOI":"10.1038\/mp.2015.124","article-title":"Electrical stimulation in the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis alleviates severe obsessive-compulsive disorder","volume":"21","author":"Luyten","year":"2016","journal-title":"Mol Psychiatr"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2023.05.011_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2154","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-021-01550-z","article-title":"Long-term ecological assessment of intracranial electrophysiology synchronized to behavioral markers in obsessive-compulsive disorder","volume":"27","author":"Provenza","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"issue":"9189","key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2023.05.011_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1526","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(99)02376-4","article-title":"Electrical stimulation in anterior limbs of internal capsules in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder","volume":"354","author":"Nuttin","year":"1999","journal-title":"Lancet Lond Engl"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2023.05.011_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1263","DOI":"10.1227\/01.NEU.0000064565.49299.9A","article-title":"Long-term electrical capsular stimulation in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder","volume":"52","author":"Nuttin","year":"2003","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2023.05.011_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"726","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2019.01.017","article-title":"A randomized trial directly comparing ventral capsule and anteromedial subthalamic nucleus stimulation in obsessive-compulsive disorder: clinical and imaging evidence for dissociable effects","volume":"85","author":"Tyagi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Biol Psychiatr"},{"issue":"20","key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2023.05.011_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2121","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0708514","article-title":"Subthalamic nucleus stimulation in severe obsessive-compulsive disorder","volume":"359","author":"Mallet","year":"2008","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2023.05.011_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e45","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2020.07.013","article-title":"Deep brain stimulation of the subthalamic, accumbens, or caudate nuclei for patients with severe obsessive-compulsive disorder: a randomized crossover controlled study","volume":"90","author":"Welter","year":"2021","journal-title":"Biol Psychiatr"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2023.05.011_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1166","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp-2021-328738","article-title":"Efficacy of deep brain stimulation for treatment-resistant obsessive-compulsive disorder: systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"93","author":"Gadot","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2023.05.011_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"667","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2020.06.031","article-title":"Four deep brain stimulation targets for obsessive-compulsive disorder: are they different?","volume":"90","author":"Haber","year":"2021","journal-title":"Biol Psychiatr"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2023.05.011_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3364","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-020-16734-3","article-title":"A unified connectomic target for deep brain stimulation in obsessive-compulsive disorder","volume":"11","author":"Li","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2023.05.011_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"678","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2021.07.010","article-title":"Connectomic deep brain stimulation for obsessive-compulsive disorder","volume":"90","author":"Baldermann","year":"2021","journal-title":"Biol Psychiatr"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2023.05.011_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.neuropsych.12090226","article-title":"Who qualifies for deep brain stimulation for OCD? Data from a naturalistic clinical sample","volume":"26","author":"Garnaat","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2023.05.011_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1529","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-022-01879-z","article-title":"Deep brain stimulation for obsessive\u2013compulsive disorder: a crisis of access","volume":"28","author":"Visser-Vandewalle","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2023.05.011_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2021.706181","article-title":"Restriction of access to deep brain stimulation for refractory OCD: failure to apply the federal parity act","volume":"12","author":"Davis","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Psychiatr"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2023.05.011_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/tp.2017.66","article-title":"Deep brain stimulation for treatment-resistant major depressive disorder: a comparison of two targets and long-term follow-up","volume":"7","author":"Raymaekers","year":"2017","journal-title":"Transl Psychiatry"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2023.05.011_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e9","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2009.08.027","article-title":"Remission of major depression under deep brain stimulation of the lateral habenula in a therapy-refractory patient","volume":"67","author":"Sartorius","year":"2010","journal-title":"Biol Psychiatr"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2023.05.011_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1224","DOI":"10.1038\/s41386-019-0369-9","article-title":"Superolateral medial forebrain bundle deep brain stimulation in major depression: a gateway trial","volume":"44","author":"Coenen","year":"2019","journal-title":"Neuropsychopharmacol Off Publ Am Coll Neuropsychopharmacol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2023.05.011_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1038\/s41398-018-0160-4","article-title":"A longitudinal study on deep brain stimulation of the medial forebrain bundle for treatment-resistant depression","volume":"8","author":"Fenoy","year":"2018","journal-title":"Transl Psychiatry"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2023.05.011_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"839","DOI":"10.1016\/S2215-0366(17)30371-1","article-title":"Subcallosal cingulate deep brain stimulation for treatment-resistant depression: a multisite, randomised, sham-controlled trial","volume":"4","author":"Holtzheimer","year":"2017","journal-title":"Lancet Psychiatr"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2023.05.011_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.1001\/archgenpsychiatry.2011.1456","article-title":"Subcallosal cingulate deep brain stimulation for treatment-resistant unipolar and bipolar depression","volume":"69","author":"Holtzheimer","year":"2012","journal-title":"Arch Gen Psychiatr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2023.05.011_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"160","DOI":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2013.08.017","article-title":"Antidepressant effects after short-term and chronic stimulation of the subgenual cingulate gyrus in treatment-resistant depression","volume":"249","author":"Merkl","year":"2013","journal-title":"Exp Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2023.05.011_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"521","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2017.11.024","article-title":"Deep brain stimulation of the subcallosal cingulate gyrus in patients with treatment-resistant depression: a double-blinded randomized controlled study and long-term follow-up in eight patients","volume":"227","author":"Merkl","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Affect Disord"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2023.05.011_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"224","DOI":"10.1503\/jpn.130295","article-title":"A randomized double-blind crossover trial of deep brain stimulation of the subcallosal cingulate gyrus in patients with treatment-resistant depression: a pilot study of relapse prevention","volume":"40","author":"Puigdemont","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Psychiatry Neurosci JPN"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2023.05.011_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1503\/jpn.120160","article-title":"Double-blind optimization of subcallosal cingulate deep brain stimulation for treatment-resistant depression: a pilot study","volume":"38","author":"Ramasubbu","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Psychiatry Neurosci JPN"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2023.05.011_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"456","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapsychiatry.2016.0152","article-title":"Deep brain stimulation of the ventral anterior limb of the internal capsule for treatment-resistant depression: a randomized clinical trial","volume":"73","author":"Bergfeld","year":"2016","journal-title":"JAMA Psychiatr"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2023.05.011_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"240","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2014.11.023","article-title":"A randomized sham-controlled trial of deep brain stimulation of the ventral capsule\/ventral striatum for chronic treatment-resistant depression","volume":"78","author":"Dougherty","year":"2015","journal-title":"Biol Psychiatr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2023.05.011_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"224","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2017.11.012","article-title":"A systematic review and meta-analysis of deep brain stimulation in treatment-resistant depression","volume":"82","author":"Zhou","year":"2018","journal-title":"Prog Neuro-Psychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2023.05.011_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"468","DOI":"10.1002\/da.22746","article-title":"A systematic review and meta-analysis of deep brain stimulation for depression","volume":"35","author":"Kisely","year":"2018","journal-title":"Depress Anxiety"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2023.05.011_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2014.02.016","article-title":"Effectiveness and acceptability of deep brain stimulation (DBS) of the subgenual cingulate cortex for treatment-resistant depression: a systematic review and exploratory meta-analysis","volume":"159","author":"Berlim","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Affect Disord"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2023.05.011_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm9092796","article-title":"Deep brain stimulation is effective for treatment-resistant depression: a meta-analysis and meta-regression","volume":"9","author":"Hitti","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2023.05.011_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.2019.18121427","article-title":"Long-term outcomes of subcallosal cingulate deep brain stimulation for treatment-resistant depression","author":"Crowell","year":"2019","journal-title":"Am J Psychiatr"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2023.05.011_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21m13973","DOI":"10.4088\/JCP.21m13973","article-title":"Deep brain stimulation of the ventral capsule\/ventral striatum for treatment-resistant depression: a decade of clinical follow-up","volume":"82","author":"Hitti","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Clin Psychiatry"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2023.05.011_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp-2019-321758","article-title":"Long-term deep brain stimulation of the ventral anterior limb of the internal capsule for treatment-resistant depression","volume":"91","author":"van der Wal","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2023.05.011_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1111\/ner.12625","article-title":"StimVision software: examples and applications in subcallosal cingulate deep brain stimulation for depression","volume":"21","author":"Noecker","year":"2018","journal-title":"Neuromodulation J Int Neuromodulation Soc"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2023.05.011_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"843","DOI":"10.1038\/mp.2017.59","article-title":"A connectomic approach for subcallosal cingulate deep brain stimulation surgery: prospective targeting in treatment-resistant depression","volume":"23","author":"Riva-Posse","year":"2018","journal-title":"Mol Psychiatr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2023.05.011_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pscychresns.2017.01.006","article-title":"Using probabilistic tractography to target the subcallosal cingulate cortex in patients with treatment resistant depression","volume":"261","author":"Tsolaki","year":"2017","journal-title":"Psychiatry Res Neuroimaging"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2023.05.011_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"580","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2018.08.020","article-title":"Tractography-assisted deep brain stimulation of the superolateral branch of the medial forebrain bundle (slMFB DBS) in major depression","volume":"20","author":"Coenen","year":"2018","journal-title":"NeuroImage Clin"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2023.05.011_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1559","DOI":"10.1007\/s00701-019-03947-9","article-title":"Machine learning-aided personalized DTI tractographic planning for deep brain stimulation of the superolateral medial forebrain bundle using HAMLET","volume":"161","author":"Coenen","year":"2019","journal-title":"Acta Neurochir"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2023.05.011_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1159\/000338083","article-title":"Diffusion tensor imaging to aid subgenual cingulum target selection for deep brain stimulation in depression","volume":"90","author":"Bhatia","year":"2012","journal-title":"Stereotact Funct Neurosurg"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2023.05.011_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"246","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2021.11.007","article-title":"Deep brain stimulation for depression informed by intracranial recordings","volume":"92","author":"Sheth","year":"2022","journal-title":"Biol Psychiatr"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2023.05.011_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"886","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp-2017-317082","article-title":"Charting the road forward in psychiatric neurosurgery: proceedings of the 2016 American Society for Stereotactic and Functional Neurosurgery workshop on neuromodulation for psychiatric disorders","volume":"89","author":"Bari","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2023.05.011_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.3846\/16111699.2011.555358","article-title":"SWOT methodology: a state-of-the-art review for the past, a framework for the future","volume":"12","author":"Ghazinoory","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Bus Econ Manag"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2023.05.011_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1003","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp-2013-306580","article-title":"Consensus on guidelines for stereotactic neurosurgery for psychiatric disorders","volume":"85","author":"Nuttin","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2023.05.011_bib57","first-page":"1087","article-title":"Recommendations for the organization of multidisciplinary clinical care teams in Parkinson's disease","volume":"10","author":"Radder","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Park Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2023.05.011_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2022.857699","article-title":"The role of a longitudinal, multidisciplinary clinic in building a unique research collaborative","volume":"12","author":"Gonzales","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2023.05.011_bib59","article-title":"Guided self-help for people with chronic pain: integrated care in a public tertiary pain clinic-A pilot study","volume":"3","author":"Redpath","year":"2023","journal-title":"Pain Ther"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2023.05.011_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.5334\/gh.1154","article-title":"World heart federation cholesterol roadmap 2022","volume":"17","author":"Ray","year":"2022","journal-title":"Glob Heart"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2023.05.011_bib61","article-title":"Evaluating clinician-led quality improvement initiatives: a system-wide embedded research partnership at Stanford Medicine","volume":"6","author":"Vilendrer","year":"2022","journal-title":"Learn Health Syst"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2023.05.011_bib62","first-page":"139","article-title":"Attitudes toward neuroscience education in psychiatry: a national multi-stakeholder survey","volume":"39","author":"Fung","year":"2015","journal-title":"Acad Psychiatry J Am Assoc Dir Psychiatr Resid Train Assoc Acad Psychiatry"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2023.05.011_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"246","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1525-1403.2012.00437.x","article-title":"Selection of deep brain stimulation candidates in private neurology practices: referral may be simpler than a computerized triage system","volume":"15","author":"Oyama","year":"2012","journal-title":"Neuromodulation J Int Neuromodulation Soc"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2023.05.011_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1027","DOI":"10.1001\/archneurol.2011.151","article-title":"Referring patients for deep brain stimulation: an improving practice","volume":"68","author":"Katz","year":"2011","journal-title":"Arch Neurol"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2023.05.011_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1454","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-017-8548-2","article-title":"Optimizing the deep brain stimulation care pathway in patients with Parkinson's disease","volume":"264","author":"Thomas","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Neurol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2023.05.011_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.2019.19060656","article-title":"Efficacy of deep brain stimulation of the ventral anterior limb of the internal capsule for refractory obsessive-compulsive disorder: a clinical cohort of 70 patients","volume":"177","author":"Denys","year":"2020","journal-title":"Am J Psychiatr"},{"issue":"16","key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2023.05.011_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3515","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291714000956","article-title":"Cognitive-behavioural therapy augments the effects of deep brain stimulation in obsessive-compulsive disorder","volume":"44","author":"Mantione","year":"2014","journal-title":"Psychol Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2023.05.011_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2021.734487","article-title":"The future of training and practice in neuromodulation: an interventional psychiatry perspective","volume":"12","author":"Trapp","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Psychiatr"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2023.05.011_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1080\/21507740.2017.1320320","article-title":"Staying in the loop: relational agency and identity in next-generation DBS for psychiatry","volume":"8","author":"Goering","year":"2017","journal-title":"AJOB Neurosci"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2023.05.011_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1037\/a0025119","article-title":"Mood and motor trajectories in Parkinson's disease: multivariate latent growth curve modeling","volume":"26","author":"Zahodne","year":"2012","journal-title":"Neuropsychology"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2023.05.011_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"666","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.21376","article-title":"Depression symptoms in movement disorders: comparing Parkinson's disease, dystonia, and essential tremor","volume":"22","author":"Miller","year":"2007","journal-title":"Mov Disord Off J Mov Disord Soc"},{"issue":"4 Suppl 1","key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2023.05.011_bib72","first-page":"S63","article-title":"Depression associated with Parkinson's disease: clinical features and treatment","volume":"58","author":"Okun","year":"2002","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2023.05.011_bib73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jns.2021.120121","article-title":"Physiologically informed neuromodulation","volume":"434","author":"Wendt","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Neurol Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2023.05.011_bib74","article-title":"Abbott receives FDA's breakthrough device designation to explore use of deep brain stimulation to manage severe depression","year":"2022","journal-title":"Abbott MediaRoom"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2023.05.011_bib75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"122","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1994.03520020048013","article-title":"Statistical power, sample size, and their reporting in randomized controlled trials","volume":"272","author":"Moher","year":"1994","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"9\u201310","key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2023.05.011_bib76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1025","DOI":"10.1002\/sim.4780140921","article-title":"The case for cross-over trials in phase III","volume":"14","author":"Jones","year":"1995","journal-title":"Stat Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2023.05.011_bib77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"535","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2009.11.028","article-title":"Deep brain stimulation for intractable obsessive compulsive disorder: pilot study using a blinded, staggered-onset design","volume":"67","author":"Goodman","year":"2010","journal-title":"Biol Psychiatr"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2023.05.011_bib78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"596","DOI":"10.1177\/1740774512450099","article-title":"The Illness Density Index (IDI) : a longitudinal measure of treatment efficacy","volume":"9","author":"Kelley","year":"2012","journal-title":"Clin Trials Lond Engl"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2023.05.011_bib79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"664","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brs.2017.01.581","article-title":"Deep brain stimulation to the medial forebrain bundle for depression- long-term outcomes and a novel data analysis strategy","volume":"10","author":"Bewernick","year":"2017","journal-title":"Brain Stimul"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2023.05.011_bib80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fsurg.2016.00064","article-title":"Stereotactic laser ablation for medically intractable epilepsy: the next generation of minimally invasive epilepsy surgery","volume":"3","author":"LaRiviere","year":"2016","journal-title":"Front Surg"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2023.05.011_bib81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"353","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaneurol.2017.4317","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of deep brain stimulation in tourette syndrome: the international tourette syndrome deep brain stimulation public database and registry","volume":"75","author":"Martinez-Ramirez","year":"2018","journal-title":"JAMA Neurol"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2023.05.011_bib84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1078","DOI":"10.1038\/s41587-021-00897-5","article-title":"Long-term wireless streaming of neural recordings for circuit discovery and adaptive stimulation in individuals with Parkinson's disease","volume":"39","author":"Gilron","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat Biotechnol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2023.05.011_bib85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"533","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp-2019-321973","article-title":"Differentiating tic electrophysiology from voluntary movement in the human thalamocortical circuit","volume":"91","author":"Cagle","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2023.05.011_bib86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1023","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.00875.2018","article-title":"Field potential 1\/f activity in the subcallosal cingulate region as a candidate signal for monitoring deep brain stimulation for treatment-resistant depression","volume":"122","author":"Veerakumar","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Neurophysiol"},{"issue":"22","key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2023.05.011_bib87","first-page":"1432","article-title":"Toward closed-loop intracranial neurostimulation in obsessive-compulsive disorder","volume":"S0006\u20133223","author":"Vissani","year":"2022","journal-title":"Biol Psychiatr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2023.05.011_bib88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fnhum.2020.569973","article-title":"Case report of dual-site neurostimulation and chronic recording of cortico-striatal circuitry in a patient with treatment refractory obsessive compulsive disorder","volume":"14","author":"Olsen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front Hum Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2023.05.011_bib89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2021.748165","article-title":"Prefrontal physiomarkers of anxiety and depression in Parkinson's disease","volume":"15","author":"de Hemptinne","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2023.05.011_bib90","first-page":"1","article-title":"State-dependent responses to intracranial brain stimulation in a patient with depression","author":"Scangos","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2023.05.011_bib91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1696","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-021-01480-w","article-title":"Closed-loop neuromodulation in an individual with treatment-resistant depression","volume":"27","author":"Scangos","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2023.05.011_bib92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E116","DOI":"10.1093\/neuros\/nyab112","article-title":"A novel framework for network-targeted neuropsychiatric deep brain stimulation","volume":"89","author":"Allawala","year":"2021","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2023.05.011_bib93","first-page":"554","article-title":"Imaging versus electrographic connectivity in human mood-related fronto-temporal networks","volume":"15","author":"Adkinson","year":"2022","journal-title":"Brain Stimul Basic Transl Clin Res Neuromodulation"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2023.05.011_bib94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"651","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2005.02.014","article-title":"Deep brain stimulation for treatment-resistant depression","volume":"45","author":"Mayberg","year":"2005","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2023.05.011_bib95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4561","DOI":"10.1038\/s41380-022-01726-0","article-title":"Brain metabolic changes and clinical response to superolateral medial forebrain bundle deep brain stimulation for treatment-resistant depression","volume":"27","author":"Conner","year":"2022","journal-title":"Mol Psychiatr"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2023.05.011_bib96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"774","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.2742-18.2018","article-title":"The NIH Blueprint for neuroscience research seeks community input on future neuroscience investments","volume":"39","author":"Mott","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Neurosci Off J Soc Neurosci"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2023.05.011_bib98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0231968","article-title":"A performance comparison of eight commercially available automatic classifiers for facial affect recognition","volume":"15","author":"Dupr\u00e9","year":"2020","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2023.05.011_bib99","series-title":"2019 14th IEEE international conference on automatic face & gesture recognition (FG 2019)","article-title":"Afar: a deep learning based tool for automated facial affect recognition","author":"Ertugrul","year":"2019"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2023.05.011_bib100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1174","DOI":"10.1038\/mp.2012.105","article-title":"Why has it taken so long for biological psychiatry to develop clinical tests and what to do about it?","volume":"17","author":"Kapur","year":"2012","journal-title":"Mol Psychiatr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2023.05.011_bib101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2020.117515","article-title":"Deep brain stimulation for psychiatric disorders: from focal brain targets to cognitive networks","volume":"225","author":"Sullivan","year":"2021","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2023.05.011_bib102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.2018.17121358","article-title":"Electroencephalographic biomarkers for treatment response prediction in major depressive illness: a meta-analysis","volume":"176","author":"Widge","year":"2019","journal-title":"Am J Psychiatr"},{"issue":"Pt 4","key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2023.05.011_bib103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"461","DOI":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2016.07.021","article-title":"Treating refractory mental illness with closed-loop brain stimulation: progress towards a patient-specific transdiagnostic approach","volume":"287","author":"Widge","year":"2017","journal-title":"Exp Neurol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2023.05.011_bib104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapsychiatry.2017.3951","article-title":"Transdiagnostic symptom clusters and associations with brain, behavior, and daily function in mood, anxiety, and trauma disorders","volume":"75","author":"Grisanzio","year":"2018","journal-title":"JAMA Psychiatr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2023.05.011_bib105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/s41551-021-00804-y","article-title":"Closed-loop enhancement and neural decoding of cognitive control in humans","author":"Basu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat Biomed Eng"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2023.05.011_bib106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1177\/08830738221115248","article-title":"Deep brain stimulation for pediatric dystonia: a review of the literature and suggested programming algorithm","author":"Gelineau-Morel","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Child Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2023.05.011_bib107","first-page":"1","article-title":"Responsive neurostimulation device therapy in pediatric patients with complex medically refractory epilepsy","author":"Hartnett","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Neurosurg Pediatr"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2023.05.011_bib108","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e472","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000005917","article-title":"Patients' shifting goals for deep brain stimulation and informed consent","volume":"91","author":"Kubu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2023.05.011_bib109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"140","DOI":"10.1080\/2326263X.2016.1207497","article-title":"Brain-computer interface-based control of closed-loop brain stimulation: attitudes and ethical considerations","volume":"3","author":"Klein","year":"2016","journal-title":"Brain-Comput Interfaces"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2023.05.011_bib110","article-title":"International legal approaches to neurosurgery for psychiatric disorders","volume":"14","author":"Chandler","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front Hum Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2023.05.011_bib111","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2021.694747","article-title":"New frontiers for deep brain stimulation: directionality, sensing technologies, remote programming, robotic stereotactic assistance, asleep procedures, and connectomics","volume":"12","author":"Merola","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2023.05.011_bib112","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fsurg.2021.642503","article-title":"The decline of deep brain stimulation for obsessive-compulsive disorder following FDA humanitarian device exemption approval","volume":"8","author":"Pinckard-Dover","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Surg"}],"container-title":["Brain Stimulation"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1935861X23017771?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1935861X23017771?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,30]],"date-time":"2025-10-30T14:22:42Z","timestamp":1761834162000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1935861X23017771"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,5]]},"references-count":109,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,5]]}},"alternative-id":["S1935861X23017771"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.brs.2023.05.011","relation":{},"ISSN":["1935-861X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1935-861X","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Future directions in psychiatric neurosurgery: Proceedings of the 2022 American Society for Stereotactic and Functional Neurosurgery meeting on surgical neuromodulation for psychiatric disorders","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Brain Stimulation","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.brs.2023.05.011","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2023 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}