{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T20:46:41Z","timestamp":1792010801544,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":69,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,1]],"date-time":"2025-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756684800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,1]],"date-time":"2025-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756684800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,8]],"date-time":"2025-07-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1751932800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100009908","name":"Wholesaler L F Foght Fund","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["22.102"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["22.102"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100009908","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100010727","name":"Axel Muusfeldts Fund","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["3\\u2013766"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["3\\u2013766"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100010727","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100010809","name":"Jascha Fonden","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["01\\u201310046"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["01\\u201310046"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100010809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004954","name":"Augustinus Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["16\\u20132678"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["16\\u20132678"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004954","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100009898","name":"Beckett Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["47797"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["47797"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100009898","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100031071","name":"T\u00f8mmerhandler Johannes Fogs Fond","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2022\\u20130141"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022\\u20130141"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100031071","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005860","name":"Helsefonden","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["18-B-0266 21-B-0187"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["18-B-0266 21-B-0187"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005860","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005860","name":"Helsefonden","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["16-B-0091"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["16-B-0091"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005860","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005860","name":"Helsefonden","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["22-B-0237"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["22-B-0237"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005860","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100020584","name":"Capital Region of Denmark Mental Health Services","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["61151\\u201305"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["61151\\u201305"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100020584","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003554","name":"Lundbeck Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R211-2015-3644"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R211-2015-3644"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003554","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003554","name":"Lundbeck Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R208-205-2174"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R208-205-2174"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003554","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003554","name":"Lundbeck Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R347-2020-217"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R347-2020-217"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003554","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007324","name":"Danish Health Authority","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["4-1613-417\/1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["4-1613-417\/1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007324","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["brainstimjrnl.com","clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Brain Stimulation"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.brs.2025.07.005","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,15]],"date-time":"2025-07-15T20:05:34Z","timestamp":1752609934000},"page":"1470-1478","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen is correlated to treatment effect of electroconvulsive therapy in patients with depression"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"18","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3302-3335","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christoffer Cramer","family":"Lundsgaard","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3461-6415","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andr\u00e9 Beyer","family":"Mathiassen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Henrik Bo","family":"Wiberg Larsson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0127-4348","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Poul","family":"Videbech","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Krzysztof","family":"Gbyl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mark Bitsch","family":"Vestergaard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2025.07.005_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1097\/00124509-200309000-00005","article-title":"A meta-analysis of electroconvulsive therapy efficacy in depression","volume":"19","author":"Kho","year":"2003","journal-title":"J ECT"},{"issue":"9360","key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2025.07.005_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"799","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(03)12705-5","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of electroconvulsive therapy in depressive disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"361","year":"2003","journal-title":"Lancet Lond Engl"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2025.07.005_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"258","DOI":"10.1097\/YCT.0000000000000586","article-title":"Electroconvulsive therapy practice in the Kingdom of Denmark: a nationwide Register- and questionnaire-based study","volume":"35","author":"Bj\u00f8rnshauge","year":"2019","journal-title":"J ECT"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2025.07.005_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1097\/YCT.0b013e3181a95da8","article-title":"Increase in hippocampal volume after electroconvulsive therapy in patients with depression: a volumetric magnetic resonance imaging study","volume":"26","author":"Nordanskog","year":"2010","journal-title":"J ECT"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2025.07.005_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"180","DOI":"10.1111\/acps.12884","article-title":"Electroconvulsive therapy increases brain volume in major depression: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"138","author":"Gbyl","year":"2018","journal-title":"Acta Psychiatr Scand"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2025.07.005_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"451","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2019.07.010","article-title":"Brain changes induced by electroconvulsive therapy are broadly distributed","volume":"87","author":"Ousdal","year":"2020","journal-title":"Biol Psychiatry"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2025.07.005_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"696","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brs.2020.02.020","article-title":"Structural changes induced by electroconvulsive therapy are associated with clinical outcome","volume":"13","author":"Mulders","year":"2020","journal-title":"Brain Stimul"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2025.07.005_bib8","article-title":"Energy metabolism in major depressive disorder: recent advances from omics technologies and imaging","volume":"141","author":"Gu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Biomed Pharm Biomed Pharm"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2025.07.005_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn3229","article-title":"Impaired mitochondrial function in psychiatric disorders","volume":"13","author":"Manji","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nat Rev Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2025.07.005_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2017.04.025","article-title":"Mitochondrial energy metabolism of rat hippocampus after treatment with the antidepressants desipramine and fluoxetine","volume":"121","author":"Villa","year":"2017","journal-title":"Neuropharmacology"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2025.07.005_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.2174\/1567202612666150603140912","article-title":"Acute and chronic treatments with quetiapine increase mitochondrial respiratory chain complex activity in the rat brain","volume":"12","author":"Ign\u00e1cio","year":"2015","journal-title":"Curr Neurovascular Res"},{"issue":"17","key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2025.07.005_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4282","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms20174282","article-title":"Hippocampus metabolic disturbance and autophagy deficiency in olfactory bulbectomized rats and the modulatory effect of fluoxetine","volume":"20","author":"Zhou","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2025.07.005_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0447.2000.101001011.x","article-title":"PET measurements of brain glucose metabolism and blood flow in major depressive disorder: a critical review","volume":"101","author":"Videbech","year":"2000","journal-title":"Acta Psychiatr Scand"},{"issue":"15","key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2025.07.005_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7019","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.90.15.7019","article-title":"Regional cerebral glucose metabolism in late-life depression and alzheimer disease: a preliminary positron emission tomography study","volume":"90","author":"Kumar","year":"1993","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2025.07.005_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1147","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291701004469","article-title":"The Danish PET\/depression project: PET findings in patients with major depression","volume":"31","author":"Videbech","year":"2001","journal-title":"Psychol Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2025.07.005_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"791","DOI":"10.1177\/0271678X221148979","article-title":"Depression, stress and regional cerebral blood flow","volume":"43","author":"Chiappelli","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Cereb Blood Flow Metab Off J Int Soc Cereb Blood Flow Metab"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2025.07.005_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1177\/0891988713516542","article-title":"A review of longitudinal electroconvulsive therapy: neuroimaging investigations","volume":"27","author":"Abbott","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Geriatr Psychiatr Neurol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2025.07.005_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"138","DOI":"10.1097\/YCT.0000000000000140","article-title":"Neuroimaging and electroconvulsive therapy: a review","volume":"30","author":"Bolwig","year":"2014","journal-title":"J ECT"},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2025.07.005_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2007.06.009","article-title":"Changes in brain metabolism after ECT\u2013positron emission tomography in the assessment of changes in glucose metabolism subsequent to electroconvulsive therapy \u2014 lessons, limitations and future applications","volume":"106","author":"Schmidt","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Affect Disord"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2025.07.005_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1097\/00124509-200103000-00007","article-title":"The effects of ECT on brain glucose: a pilot FDG PET study","volume":"17","author":"Henry","year":"2001","journal-title":"J ECT"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2025.07.005_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1039","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2011.11.040","article-title":"Corticolimbic balance shift of regional glucose metabolism in depressed patients treated with ECT","volume":"136","author":"Suwa","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Affect Disord"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2025.07.005_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"305","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.158.2.305","article-title":"Decreased regional brain metabolism after ECT","volume":"158","author":"Nobler","year":"2001","journal-title":"Am J Psychiatr"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2025.07.005_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0447.2005.00625.x","article-title":"HPA axis normalization, estimated by DEX\/CRH test, but less alteration on cerebral glucose metabolism in depressed patients receiving ECT after medication treatment failures","volume":"112","author":"Yuuki","year":"2005","journal-title":"Acta Psychiatr Scand"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2025.07.005_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1097\/yct.0b013e318150d56d","article-title":"Metabolic correlates of antidepressant and antipsychotic response in patients with psychotic depression undergoing electroconvulsive therapy","volume":"23","author":"McCormick","year":"2007","journal-title":"J ECT"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2025.07.005_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"290","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2012.07.034","article-title":"Clinical effects of electroconvulsive therapy in severe depression and concomitant changes in cerebral glucose metabolism\u2014An exploratory study","volume":"146","author":"Reininghaus","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Affect Disord"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2025.07.005_bib24","first-page":"199","article-title":"Effects of electroconvulsive therapy on brain glucose metabolism: a preliminary study","volume":"4","author":"Volkow","year":"1988","journal-title":"Convuls Ther"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2025.07.005_bib27","first-page":"15","article-title":"Electroconvulsive therapy and brain glucose metabolism","volume":"7","author":"Guze","year":"1991","journal-title":"Convuls Ther"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2025.07.005_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1097\/00124509-200006000-00008","article-title":"A preliminary study of the effects of electroconvulsive therapy on regional brain glucose metabolism in patients with major depression","volume":"16","author":"Yatham","year":"2000","journal-title":"J ECT"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2025.07.005_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410220302","article-title":"The concept of coupling blood flow to brain function: revision required?","volume":"22","author":"Lou","year":"1987","journal-title":"Ann Neurol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2025.07.005_bib30","first-page":"2597","article-title":"Cerebral O2 metabolism and cerebral blood flow in humans during deep and rapid-eye-movement sleep","volume":"70","author":"Madsen","year":"1991","journal-title":"J Appl Physiol Bethesda Md 1985"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2025.07.005_bib31","first-page":"420","article-title":"Mental stress and cognitive performance do not increase overall level of cerebral O2 uptake in humans","volume":"73","author":"Madsen","year":"1992","journal-title":"J Appl Physiol Bethesda Md 1985"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2025.07.005_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"484","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI101995","article-title":"The effects of altered arterial tensions of carbon dioxide and oxygen on cerebral blood flow and cerebral oxygen consumption of normal young men","volume":"27","author":"Kety","year":"1948","journal-title":"J Clin Investig"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2025.07.005_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"162","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jalz.2013.04.507","article-title":"Global brain hypoperfusion and oxygenation in amnestic mild cognitive impairment","volume":"10","author":"Liu","year":"2014","journal-title":"Alzheimers Dement J Alzheimers Assoc"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2025.07.005_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pscychresns.2005.07.005","article-title":"Preliminary findings of uncoupling of flow and metabolism in unipolar compared with bipolar affective illness and normal controls","volume":"140","author":"Dunn","year":"2005","journal-title":"Psychiatry Res Neuroimaging"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2025.07.005_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"238","DOI":"10.1111\/acps.13259","article-title":"Hippocampal volume and memory impairment after electroconvulsive therapy in patients with depression","volume":"143","author":"Gbyl","year":"2021","journal-title":"Acta Psychiatr Scand"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2025.07.005_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2020.110048","article-title":"Volume of hippocampal subregions and clinical improvement following electroconvulsive therapy in patients with depression","volume":"104","author":"Gbyl","year":"2021","journal-title":"Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2025.07.005_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1111\/acps.13068","article-title":"Cortical thickness following electroconvulsive therapy in patients with depression: a longitudinal MRI study","volume":"140","author":"Gbyl","year":"2019","journal-title":"Acta Psychiatr Scand"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2025.07.005_bib38","first-page":"1","article-title":"Serum S100B protein after electroconvulsive therapy in patients with depression","author":"Gbyl","year":"2022","journal-title":"Acta Neuropsychiatr"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2025.07.005_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1486","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brs.2022.10.007","article-title":"Cerebral perfusion is related to antidepressant effect and cognitive side effects of electroconvulsive therapy","volume":"15","author":"Gbyl","year":"2022","journal-title":"Brain Stimul"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2025.07.005_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2024.110981","article-title":"Electroconvulsive therapy disrupts functional connectivity between hippocampus and posterior default mode network","volume":"132","author":"Gbyl","year":"2024","journal-title":"Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2025.07.005_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbi.2019.103208","article-title":"The REDCap consortium: building an international community of software platform partners","volume":"95","author":"Harris","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Biomed Inf"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2025.07.005_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbi.2008.08.010","article-title":"Research electronic data capture (REDCap)\u2014A metadata-driven methodology and workflow process for providing translational research informatics support","volume":"42","author":"Harris","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Biomed Inf"},{"issue":"Suppl 20:22\u201333","key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2025.07.005_bib43","article-title":"The mini-international neuropsychiatric interview (M.I.N.I.): the development and validation of a structured diagnostic psychiatric interview for DSM-IV and ICD-10","volume":"59","author":"Sheehan","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Clin Psychiatry"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2025.07.005_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.23.1.56","article-title":"A rating scale for depression","volume":"23","author":"Hamilton","year":"1960","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2025.07.005_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eurpsy.2007.01.1218","article-title":"The ham D6 is more homogenous and as sensitive as the ham D17","author":"Lecrubier","year":"2007","journal-title":"Eur Psychiatry"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2025.07.005_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1402","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2012.02.084","article-title":"Within-subject template estimation for unbiased longitudinal image analysis","volume":"61","author":"Reuter","year":"2012","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2025.07.005_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"959","DOI":"10.1016\/0730-725X(95)02005-E","article-title":"Accuracy and precision of time-averaged flow as measured by nontriggered 2D phase-contrast MR angiography, a phantom evaluation","volume":"13","author":"Bakker","year":"1995","journal-title":"Magn Reson Imaging"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2025.07.005_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"692","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.25442","article-title":"Comparison of global cerebral blood flow measured by phase-contrast mapping MRI with 15 O-H2 O positron emission tomography","volume":"45","author":"Vestergaard","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Magn Reson Imaging JMRI"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2025.07.005_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2023.1213352","article-title":"Reproducibility of cerebral blood flow, oxygen metabolism, and lactate and N-acetyl-aspartate concentrations measured using magnetic resonance imaging and spectroscopy","volume":"14","author":"Madsen","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front Physiol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2025.07.005_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"834","DOI":"10.1177\/0271678X17737909","article-title":"Cerebral metabolism and vascular reactivity during breath-hold and hypoxic challenge in freedivers and healthy controls","volume":"39","author":"Vestergaard","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Cereb Blood Flow Metab Off J Int Soc Cereb Blood Flow Metab"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2025.07.005_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1598","DOI":"10.1038\/jcbfm.2010.49","article-title":"MRI estimation of global brain oxygen consumption rate","volume":"30","author":"Jain","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Cereb Blood Flow Metab Off J Int Soc Cereb Blood Flow Metab"},{"issue":"43","key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2025.07.005_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1686","DOI":"10.21105\/joss.01686","article-title":"Welcome to the tidyverse","volume":"4","author":"Wickham","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Open Source Softw"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2025.07.005_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"570","DOI":"10.32614\/RJ-2021-053","article-title":"Reproducible summary tables with the gtsummary package","volume":"13","author":"Sjoberg","year":"2021","journal-title":"R J"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2025.07.005_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"805","DOI":"10.1017\/S1461145708009802","article-title":"Common effects of lithium and valproate on mitochondrial functions: protection against methamphetamine-induced mitochondrial damage","volume":"12","author":"Bachmann","year":"2009","journal-title":"Int J Neuropsychopharmacol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2025.07.005_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"466","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2018.09.021","article-title":"Mechanisms of antidepressant response to electroconvulsive therapy studied with perfusion magnetic resonance imaging","volume":"85","author":"Leaver","year":"2019","journal-title":"Biol Psychiatry"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2025.07.005_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"884","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.1994.03950110044007","article-title":"Regional cerebral blood flow in mood disorders, III. Treatment and clinical response","volume":"51","author":"Nobler","year":"1994","journal-title":"Arch Gen Psychiatry"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2025.07.005_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.1986.tb51260.x","article-title":"Positron emission tomography and autoradiographic studies of glucose utilization following electroconvulsive seizures in humans and ratsa","volume":"462","author":"Ackermann","year":"1986","journal-title":"Ann N Y Acad Sci"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2025.07.005_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"334","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.1973.00490230070010","article-title":"Cerebral hyperemia in electrically induced epileptic seizures","volume":"28","author":"Brodersen","year":"1973","journal-title":"Arch Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2025.07.005_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.1986.tb51259.x","article-title":"Acute reductions of regional cerebral blood flow following electroconvulsive therapy. Interactions with modality and time","volume":"462","author":"Prohovnik","year":"1986","journal-title":"Ann N Y Acad Sci"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2025.07.005_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"236","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.1986.tb51258.x","article-title":"Acute and late effects of electroconvulsive therapya: clinical outcome, regional cerebral blood flow, and electroencephalogram","volume":"462","author":"Silfverski\u00f6ld","year":"1986","journal-title":"Ann N Y Acad Sci"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2025.07.005_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1313","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.147.10.1313","article-title":"Left prefrontal glucose hypometabolism in the depressed state: A confirmation","volume":"147","author":"Martinot","year":"1990","journal-title":"Am J Psych"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2025.07.005_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2013.11.020","article-title":"Aerobic glycolysis in the human brain is associated with development and neotenous gene expression","volume":"19","author":"Goyal","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cell Metab"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2025.07.005_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1111\/cns.14576","article-title":"Mitochondria in depression: the dysfunction of mitochondrial energy metabolism and quality control systems","volume":"30","author":"Jiang","year":"2024","journal-title":"CNS Neurosci Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2025.07.005_bib64","article-title":"Glycolytic metabolism: food for immune cells, fuel for depression?","volume":"40","author":"Bekhbat","year":"2024","journal-title":"Brain Behav Immun Health"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2025.07.005_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1098","DOI":"10.3390\/brainsci14111098","article-title":"Inhibition of glycolysis alleviates chronic unpredictable mild stress induced neuroinflammation and depression-like behavior","volume":"14","author":"Liu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Brain Sci"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2025.07.005_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.1177\/0271678X18818291","article-title":"Higher physiological vulnerability to hypoxic exposure with advancing age in the human brain","volume":"40","author":"Vestergaard","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Cereb Blood Flow Metab Off J Int Soc Cereb Blood Flow Metab"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2025.07.005_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2368","DOI":"10.1177\/0271678X18798762","article-title":"Phase contrast mapping MRI measurements of global cerebral blood flow across different perfusion states - a direct comparison with 15O-H2O positron emission tomography using a hybrid PET\/MR system","volume":"39","author":"Puig","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Cereb Blood Flow Metab Off J Int Soc Cereb Blood Flow Metab"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2025.07.005_bib68","first-page":"1329","article-title":"A noninvasive method for quantifying cerebral blood flow by hybrid PET\/MRI","volume":"59","author":"Ssali","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Nucl Med Off Publ Soc Nucl Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2025.07.005_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2188","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.27871","article-title":"In vivo validation of T2\u2010 and susceptibility\u2010based S v O 2 measurements with jugular vein catheterization under hypoxia and hypercapnia","volume":"82","author":"Miao","year":"2019","journal-title":"Magn Reson Med"}],"container-title":["Brain Stimulation"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1935861X25002736?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1935861X25002736?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,11]],"date-time":"2026-05-11T18:07:43Z","timestamp":1778522863000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1935861X25002736"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]},"references-count":69,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]}},"alternative-id":["S1935861X25002736"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.brs.2025.07.005","relation":{},"ISSN":["1935-861X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1935-861X","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen is correlated to treatment effect of electroconvulsive therapy in patients with depression","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Brain Stimulation","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.brs.2025.07.005","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}