{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,26]],"date-time":"2026-09-26T11:43:42Z","timestamp":1790423022734,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":83,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,17]],"date-time":"2025-12-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1765929600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001822","name":"Austrian Academy of Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["26082"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["26082"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001822","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["brainstimjrnl.com","clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Brain Stimulation"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.brs.2025.103010","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,19]],"date-time":"2025-12-19T06:24:19Z","timestamp":1766125459000},"page":"103010","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Chronometric interleaved TMS-fMRI shows state-dependent network effects underlying speech production"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"19","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3500-8120","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria","family":"Vasileiadi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0959-280X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anna-Lisa","family":"Schuler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9200-4468","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michael","family":"Woletz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Verena","family":"Witz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-4360-9866","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sarah","family":"Grosshagauer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John","family":"Coetzee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6571-4413","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Martin","family":"Tik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2025.103010_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"801","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-295X.104.4.801","article-title":"Lexical access in aphasic and nonaphasic speakers","volume":"104","author":"Dell","year":"1997","journal-title":"Psychol Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2025.103010_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1017\/S0140525X99001776","article-title":"A theory of lexical access in speech production","volume":"22","author":"Levelt","year":"1999","journal-title":"Behav Brain Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2025.103010_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cognition.2002.06.001","article-title":"The spatial and temporal signatures of word production components","volume":"92","author":"Indefrey","year":"2004","journal-title":"Cognition"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2025.103010_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2011.00255","article-title":"The spatial and temporal signatures of word production components: a critical update","volume":"2","author":"Indefrey","year":"2011","journal-title":"Front Psychol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2025.103010_bib5","series-title":"Investigating the spatial and temporal components of speech production","author":"de Zubicaray","year":"2019"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2025.103010_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"441","DOI":"10.1080\/23273798.2015.1071857","article-title":"On the cortical dynamics of word production: a review of the MEG evidence","volume":"31","author":"Munding","year":"2016","journal-title":"Lang Cogn Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2025.103010_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"554","DOI":"10.1097\/WNP.0000000000000489","article-title":"Language mapping with magnetoencephalography: an update on the current state of clinical research and practice with considerations for Clinical Practice Guidelines","volume":"37","author":"Bowyer","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Clin Neurophysiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2025.103010_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2015.07.017","article-title":"Task- and stimulus-related cortical networks in language production: exploring similarity of MEG- and fMRI-derived functional connectivity","volume":"120","author":"Liljestr\u00f6m","year":"2015","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2025.103010_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1845","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.20785","article-title":"Comparing MEG and fMRI views to naming actions and objects","volume":"30","author":"Liljestr\u00f6m","year":"2009","journal-title":"Hum Brain Mapp"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2025.103010_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1793","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2006.05.034","article-title":"Combining fMRI and MEG increases the reliability of presurgical language localization: a clinical study on the difference between and congruence of both modalities","volume":"32","author":"Grummich","year":"2006","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2025.103010_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"296","DOI":"10.1227\/01.NEU.0000249262.03451.0E","article-title":"Expressive and receptive language areas determined by a non-invasive reliable method using functional magnetic resonance imaging and magnetoencephalography","volume":"60","author":"Kamada","year":"2007","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2025.103010_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1043","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cortex.2008.10.012","article-title":"Combining TMS and fMRI: from \u2018virtual lesions\u2019 to functional-network accounts of cognition","volume":"45","author":"Ruff","year":"2009","journal-title":"Cortex"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2025.103010_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bandc.2017.09.007","article-title":"Common framework for \u201cvirtual lesion\u201d and state-dependent TMS: the facilitatory\/suppressive range model of online TMS effects on behavior","volume":"119","author":"Silvanto","year":"2017","journal-title":"Brain Cogn"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2025.103010_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"775","DOI":"10.1162\/jocn_a_00193","article-title":"Why the assessment of causality in brain-behavior relations requires brain stimulation","volume":"24","author":"Silvanto","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Cogn Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2025.103010_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1038\/35036239","article-title":"Transcranial magnetic stimulation and cognitive neuroscience","volume":"1","author":"Walsh","year":"2000","journal-title":"Nat Rev Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2025.103010_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1229","DOI":"10.1098\/rstb.1999.0476","article-title":"Transcranial magnetic stimulation: studying the brain--behaviour relationship by induction of \u2018virtual lesions.\u2019","volume":"354","author":"Pascual-Leone","year":"1999","journal-title":"Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2025.103010_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1187","DOI":"10.1007\/s00701-017-3187-z","article-title":"Protocol for motor and language mapping by navigated TMS in patients and healthy volunteers; workshop report","volume":"159","author":"Krieg","year":"2017","journal-title":"Acta Neurochir"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2025.103010_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneumeth.2011.11.003","article-title":"A novel approach for documenting naming errors induced by navigated transcranial magnetic stimulation","volume":"204","author":"Lioumis","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Neurosci Methods"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2025.103010_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"808","DOI":"10.1227\/NEU.0b013e3182889e01","article-title":"A comparison of Language mapping by preoperative navigated transcranial magnetic stimulation and direct cortical stimulation during awake surgery","volume":"72","author":"Picht","year":"2013","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2025.103010_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"260","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2013.05.018","article-title":"Language mapping with navigated repetitive TMS: proof of technique and validation","volume":"82","author":"Tarapore","year":"2013","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2025.103010_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1062","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brs.2023.06.014","article-title":"Functional connectivity explains how neuronavigated TMS of posterior temporal subregions differentially affect language processing","volume":"16","author":"Vasileiadi","year":"2023","journal-title":"Brain Stimulat"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2025.103010_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"701","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bhr155","article-title":"Speaking of which: dissecting the neurocognitive network of Language production in picture naming","volume":"22","author":"Schuhmann","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cerebr Cortex"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2025.103010_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7816","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bhad081","article-title":"Validity of chronometric TMS for probing the time-course of word production: a modified replication","volume":"33","author":"Jodzio","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cerebr Cortex"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2025.103010_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"484","DOI":"10.1080\/23273798.2015.1120878","article-title":"The cortical dynamics of speaking: present shortcomings and future avenues","volume":"31","author":"Strijkers","year":"2016","journal-title":"Lang Cogn Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2025.103010_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"459","DOI":"10.1038\/s41583-022-00598-1","article-title":"State-dependent effects of neural stimulation on brain function and cognition","volume":"23","author":"Bradley","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat Rev Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2025.103010_bib26","article-title":"Noninvasive brain stimulation: multiple effects on cognition","author":"Hartwigsen","year":"2022","journal-title":"Neuroscientist"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2025.103010_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2009.03.012","article-title":"State-Dependent variability of neuronal responses to transcranial magnetic stimulation of the visual cortex","volume":"62","author":"Pasley","year":"2009","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2025.103010_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"447","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tics.2008.09.004","article-title":"State-dependency in brain stimulation studies of perception and cognition","volume":"12","author":"Silvanto","year":"2008","journal-title":"Trends Cognit Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2025.103010_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"523","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1460-9568.2007.05682.x","article-title":"Neural activation state determines behavioral susceptibility to modified theta burst transcranial magnetic stimulation","volume":"26","author":"Silvanto","year":"2007","journal-title":"Eur J Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2025.103010_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1281","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bhm159","article-title":"Dorsal premotor cortex exerts state-dependent causal influences on activity in contralateral primary motor and dorsal premotor cortex","volume":"18","author":"Bestmann","year":"2008","journal-title":"Cerebr Cortex"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2025.103010_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7452","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.1158-06.2006","article-title":"Time course of functional connectivity between dorsal premotor and Contralateral Motor Cortex during movement selection","volume":"26","author":"Koch","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2025.103010_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneumeth.2011.12.012","article-title":"Comparison of transcranial magnetic stimulation measures obtained at rest and under active conditions and their reliability","volume":"205","author":"Ngomo","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Neurosci Methods"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2025.103010_bib33","first-page":"1","article-title":"Chronometric TMS-fMRI of personalized left dorsolateral prefrontal target reveals state-dependency of subgenual anterior cingulate cortex effects","author":"Grosshagauer","year":"2024","journal-title":"Mol Psychiatr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2025.103010_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2841","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bhm013","article-title":"Imaging the brain activity changes underlying impaired visuospatial judgments: simultaneous fMRI, TMS, and behavioral studies","volume":"17","author":"Sack","year":"2007","journal-title":"Cerebr Cortex"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2025.103010_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2020.135538","article-title":"Nonlinear interaction between stimulation intensity and initial brain state: evidence for the facilitatory\/suppressive range model of online TMS effects","volume":"742","author":"Silvanto","year":"2021","journal-title":"Neurosci Lett"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2025.103010_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1358","DOI":"10.1162\/jocn.2010.21519","article-title":"A common neural substrate for Language production and verbal working memory","volume":"23","author":"Acheson","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Cogn Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2025.103010_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2252","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bhp291","article-title":"State-dependent TMS reveals a hierarchical representation of observed acts in the temporal, parietal, and premotor cortices","volume":"20","author":"Cattaneo","year":"2010","journal-title":"Cerebr Cortex"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2025.103010_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1111","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cortex.2008.10.013","article-title":"The temporal characteristics of functional activation in Broca's area during overt picture naming","volume":"45","author":"Schuhmann","year":"2009","journal-title":"Cortex"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2025.103010_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.10271","article-title":"BOLD-fMRI response vs. transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) pulse-train length: testing for linearity","volume":"17","author":"Bohning","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Magn Reson Imaging JMRI"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2025.103010_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-3223(98)00368-0","article-title":"A combined TMS\/fMRI study of intensity-dependent TMS over motor cortex","volume":"45","author":"Bohning","year":"1999","journal-title":"Biol Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2025.103010_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2022.825205","article-title":"Concurrent TMS-fMRI: technical challenges, developments, and overview of previous studies","volume":"13","author":"Mizutani-Tiebel","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Psychiatr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2025.103010_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2702","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bhq015","article-title":"Studying the role of human parietal cortex in visuospatial attention with concurrent TMS-fMRI","volume":"20","author":"Blankenburg","year":"1991","journal-title":"Cereb Cortex N Y N"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2025.103010_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17510","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1106439108","article-title":"Causal evidence for frontal involvement in memory target maintenance by posterior brain areas during distracter interference of visual working memory","volume":"108","author":"Feredoes","year":"2011","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2025.103010_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fnhum.2017.00404","article-title":"Differing time of onset of concurrent TMS-fMRI during associative memory encoding: a measure of dynamic connectivity","volume":"11","author":"Hawco","year":"2017","journal-title":"Front Hum Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2025.103010_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"991","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1460-9568.2010.07580.x","article-title":"Concurrent TMS-fMRI reveals dynamic interhemispheric influences of the right parietal cortex during exogenously cued visuospatial attention","volume":"33","author":"Heinen","year":"2011","journal-title":"Eur J Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2025.103010_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fnhum.2012.00326","article-title":"Imaging the neural mechanisms of TMS neglect-like bias in healthy volunteers with the interleaved TMS\/fMRI technique: preliminary evidence","volume":"6","author":"Ricci","year":"2012","journal-title":"Front Hum Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2025.103010_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"922","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2009.12.002","article-title":"Event-related brain potential correlates of visual awareness","volume":"34","author":"Koivisto","year":"2010","journal-title":"Neurosci Biobehav Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2025.103010_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2014.06.016","article-title":"Optimal timing of pulse onset for language mapping with navigated repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation","volume":"100","author":"Krieg","year":"2014","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2025.103010_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"250","DOI":"10.3171\/2014.10.JNS132647","article-title":"Contemporary model of language organization: an overview for neurosurgeons","volume":"122","author":"Chang","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Neurosurg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2025.103010_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"453","DOI":"10.1177\/1073858413513502","article-title":"The language connectome: new pathways, new concepts","volume":"20","author":"Dick","year":"2014","journal-title":"Neuroscientist"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2025.103010_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-407794-2.00025-0","article-title":"Neural basis of speech perception","author":"Hickok","year":"2016","journal-title":"Neurobiol Lang"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2025.103010_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"718","DOI":"10.1038\/nn.2331","article-title":"Maps and streams in the auditory cortex: Nonhuman primates illuminate human speech processing","volume":"12","author":"Rauschecker","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nat Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2025.103010_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn.2016.23","article-title":"The ontogeny of the cortical language network","volume":"17","author":"Skeide","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat Rev Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2025.103010_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1186\/s40001-015-0138-0","article-title":"The impact of repetitive navigated transcranial magnetic stimulation coil positioning and stimulation parameters on human language function","volume":"20","author":"Sollmann","year":"2015","journal-title":"Eur J Med Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2025.103010_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"270","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.22179","article-title":"Regional differences in the developmental trajectory of lateralization of the language network: Developmental Trajectories of Lateralization of Language","volume":"35","author":"Berl","year":"2014","journal-title":"Hum Brain Mapp"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2025.103010_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1144","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.22361","article-title":"Multiband multislice GE-EPI at 7 tesla, with 16-fold acceleration using partial parallel imaging with application to high spatial and temporal whole-brain fMRI","volume":"63","author":"Moeller","year":"2010","journal-title":"Magn Reson Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2025.103010_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fnbeh.2018.00197","article-title":"Investigating stimulation protocols for Language mapping by repetitive navigated transcranial magnetic stimulation","volume":"12","author":"Sollmann","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front Behav Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2025.103010_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1016\/S0010-9452(08)70174-6","article-title":"Timed action and object naming","volume":"41","author":"Szekely","year":"2005","journal-title":"Cortex"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2025.103010_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2019.116237","article-title":"Mapping critical cortical hubs and white matter pathways by direct electrical stimulation: an original functional atlas of the human brain","volume":"205","author":"Sarubbo","year":"2020","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2025.103010_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"262","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2017.02.062","article-title":"High-sensitivity TMS\/fMRI of the human motor cortex using a dedicated multichannel MR coil","volume":"150","author":"Navarro de Lara","year":"2017","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2025.103010_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1492","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.25535","article-title":"A novel coil array for combined TMS\/fMRI experiments at 3 T","volume":"74","author":"Navarro de Lara","year":"2015","journal-title":"Magn Reson Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2025.103010_bib62","volume":"vol. 16","author":"Friederici","year":"2012"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2025.103010_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2170","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000002219","article-title":"The Wernicke area: modern evidence and a reinterpretation","volume":"85","author":"Binder","year":"2015","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2025.103010_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1939","DOI":"10.1111\/epi.16643","article-title":"Temporal lobe regions essential for preserved picture naming after left temporal epilepsy surgery","volume":"61","author":"Binder","year":"2020","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2025.103010_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"270","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tics.2020.01.001","article-title":"Broca's Area is not a natural kind","volume":"24","author":"Fedorenko","year":"2020","journal-title":"Trends Cognit Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2025.103010_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"699","DOI":"10.1037\/bul0000403","article-title":"Cortical, subcortical, and cerebellar contributions to language processing: a meta-analytic review of 403 neuroimaging experiments","volume":"149","author":"Turker","year":"2023","journal-title":"Psychol Bull"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2025.103010_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2016.00552","article-title":"A novel technique for Region and linguistic specific nTMS-based DTI fiber tracking of Language pathways in brain tumor patients","volume":"10","author":"Raffa","year":"2016","journal-title":"Front Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2025.103010_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1033","DOI":"10.3171\/2013.11.JNS13952","article-title":"Inducing transient language disruptions by mapping of Broca's area with modified patterned repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation protocol: clinical article","volume":"120","author":"Rogi\u0107","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Neurosurg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2025.103010_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bandl.2012.04.016","article-title":"Charting the functional relevance of Broca's area for visual word recognition and picture naming in Dutch using fMRI-guided TMS","volume":"125","author":"Wheat","year":"2013","journal-title":"Brain Lang"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2025.103010_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.3389\/fnhum.2018.00133","article-title":"Probing the timing recruitment of Broca's area in speech production for Mandarin Chinese: a TMS Study","volume":"12","author":"Zhang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front Hum Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2025.103010_bib71","article-title":"Target engagement and brain State dependence of transcranial magnetic stimulation: implications for clinical practice","author":"Sack","year":"2023","journal-title":"Biol Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2025.103010_bib72","article-title":"The timing of transcranial magnetic stimulation relative to the phase of prefrontal alpha EEG modulates downstream target engagement","author":"Pantazatos","year":"2023","journal-title":"Brain Stimul Basic Transl Clin Res Neuromodulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2025.103010_bib73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2021.118093","article-title":"Concurrent TMS-fMRI for causal network perturbation and proof of target engagement","volume":"237","author":"Bergmann","year":"2021","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2025.103010_bib74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2022.119833","article-title":"Acute TMS\/fMRI response explains offline TMS network effects \u2013 an interleaved TMS-fMRI study","volume":"267","author":"Tik","year":"2023","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2025.103010_bib75","series-title":"Dorsal and ventral streams: a framework for understanding aspects of the functional anatomy of language","author":"Hickok","year":"2004"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2025.103010_bib76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2259","DOI":"10.1007\/s00429-015-1042-7","article-title":"Cortical distribution of speech and language errors investigated by visual object naming and navigated transcranial magnetic stimulation","volume":"221","author":"Krieg","year":"2016","journal-title":"Brain Struct Funct"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2025.103010_bib77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"210","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bhm047","article-title":"Priming frequencies of transcranial magnetic stimulation over Wernicke's area modulate word detection","volume":"18","author":"Andoh","year":"2008","journal-title":"Cerebr Cortex"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2025.103010_bib78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"164","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2005.01.037","article-title":"Frequency specific changes in regional cerebral blood flow and motor system connectivity following rTMS to the primary motor cortex","volume":"26","author":"Rounis","year":"2005","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2025.103010_bib79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2767","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bhp055","article-title":"Where is the semantic System? A critical review and meta-analysis of 120 functional neuroimaging studies","volume":"19","author":"Binder","year":"2009","journal-title":"Cereb Cortex N Y NY"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2025.103010_bib80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2020.117041","article-title":"Left posterior inferior parietal cortex causally supports the retrieval of action knowledge","volume":"219","author":"Kuhnke","year":"2020","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2025.103010_bib81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bandl.2012.10.001","article-title":"Frontal-thalamic circuits associated with language","volume":"126","author":"Barbas","year":"2013","journal-title":"Brain Lang"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2025.103010_bib82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3934\/Neuroscience.2022001","article-title":"Cognitive and linguistic dysfunction after thalamic stroke and recovery process: possible mechanism","volume":"9","author":"Obayashi","year":"2021","journal-title":"AIMS Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.brs.2025.103010_bib83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1192","DOI":"10.1007\/s11682-016-9574-x","article-title":"Cortical time course of object naming investigated by repetitive navigated transcranial magnetic stimulation","volume":"11","author":"Sollmann","year":"2017","journal-title":"Brain Imaging Behav"}],"container-title":["Brain Stimulation"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1935861X25004127?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1935861X25004127?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,18]],"date-time":"2026-06-18T07:30:56Z","timestamp":1781767856000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1935861X25004127"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"references-count":83,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]}},"alternative-id":["S1935861X25004127"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.brs.2025.103010","relation":{},"ISSN":["1935-861X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1935-861X","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Chronometric interleaved TMS-fMRI shows state-dependent network effects underlying speech production","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Brain Stimulation","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.brs.2025.103010","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"103010"}}