{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]],"date-time":"2026-09-08T15:29:07Z","timestamp":1788881347437,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777593600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777593600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Burns"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.burns.2026.107920","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,16]],"date-time":"2026-02-16T07:17:19Z","timestamp":1771226239000},"page":"107920","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Interactive versus passive virtual reality on upper limb pain, function, and range of motion in pediatric thermal burns, a randomized controlled trial"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"52","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2062-5548","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aya G.F.","family":"Elsayed","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haitham M.Y.","family":"Mahmoud","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4083-7070","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hadaya Mosaad","family":"Eladl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tarek A.","family":"Amer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8131-484X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Khadra M.","family":"Ali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.burns.2026.107920_bib1","article-title":"Investigation of morbidity, length of stay, and healthcare costs of inpatient paediatric burns. International Wound","volume":"21","author":"Sari","year":"2024","journal-title":"Journal"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.burns.2026.107920_bib2","first-page":"irae015","article-title":"The current pattern of pediatric burn injuries in an Australian major burns center","author":"Mok","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Burn Care Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.burns.2026.107920_bib3","article-title":"Pain management in pediatric burns: a review of the science behind it. Global health","volume":"2023","author":"Ciornei","year":"2023","journal-title":"Epidemiol Genom"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.burns.2026.107920_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4133","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph17114133","article-title":"The effectiveness of virtual reality exercise on individuals` physiological, psychological and rehabilitative outcomes: a systematic review","volume":"17","author":"Qian","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.burns.2026.107920_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amsu.2022.104756","article-title":"Evidence-based practical guideline for procedural pain management and sedation for burn pediatrics patients undergoing wound care procedures","volume":"83","author":"Shiferaw","year":"2022","journal-title":"Ann Med Surg"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.burns.2026.107920_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"538","DOI":"10.3390\/bioengineering11060538","article-title":"The Use of head-mounted display systems for upper limb kinematic analysis in post-stroke patients: a perspective review on benefits, challenges and other solutions","volume":"11","author":"De Pasquale","year":"2024","journal-title":"Bioengineering"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.burns.2026.107920_bib7","first-page":"173","article-title":"Virtual reality: a literature review and metrics based classification","volume":"12","author":"Ankomah","year":"2018","journal-title":"Comput Graph Vis Comput (CGVC)"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.burns.2026.107920_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1882","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm8111882","article-title":"Non-immersive virtual reality for rehabilitation of the older people: a systematic review into efficacy and effectiveness","volume":"8","author":"Bevilacqua","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.burns.2026.107920_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"278","DOI":"10.1097\/BCR.0000000000000589","article-title":"Randomized, crossover study of immersive virtual reality to decrease opioid use during painful wound care procedures in adults","volume":"39","author":"McSherry","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Burn Care Res"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.burns.2026.107920_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1344","DOI":"10.1213\/ANE.0000000000004165","article-title":"Systematic review and meta-analysis of virtual reality in pediatrics: effects on pain and anxiety","volume":"129","author":"Eijlers","year":"2019","journal-title":"Anesth Analg"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.burns.2026.107920_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1776","DOI":"10.1213\/01.ane.0000270205.45146.db","article-title":"The analgesic effects of opioids and immersive virtual reality distraction: evidence from subjective and functional brain imaging assessments","volume":"105","author":"Hoffman","year":"2007","journal-title":"Anesth Analg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.burns.2026.107920_bib12","first-page":"1","article-title":"CONSORT and its extensions for reporting clinical trials","author":"Hopewell","year":"2020","journal-title":"Princ Pract Clin Trials"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.burns.2026.107920_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"465","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1553-2712.2009.00404.x","article-title":"Reliability of the color analog scale: repeatability of scores in traumatic and nontraumatic. injuries\u2016","volume":"16","author":"Bulloch","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Acad Emerg Med"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.burns.2026.107920_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1508","DOI":"10.1097\/j.pain.0000000000001236","article-title":"Comparison of the psychometric properties of 3 pain scales used in the pediatric emergency department: visual analogue scale, faces pain scale-revised, and colour analogue scale","volume":"159","author":"Le May","year":"2018","journal-title":"Pain"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.burns.2026.107920_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2474-4-11","article-title":"The disabilities of the arm, shoulder and hand (DASH) outcome questionnaire: longitudinal construct validity and measuring self-rated health change after surgery","volume":"4","author":"Gummesson","year":"2003","journal-title":"BMC Musculoskelet Disord"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.burns.2026.107920_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1016\/j.burns.2008.06.010","article-title":"Goniometry and linear assessments to monitor movement outcomes: are they reliable tools in burn survivors?","volume":"35","author":"Edgar","year":"2009","journal-title":"Burns"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.burns.2026.107920_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hajela N., Dobson-Brazier M., Bea J.S. Effectiveness of Virtual Reality Vs Standard Physical Therapy on Range of Motion, Pain and Enjoyment in Patients with Acute Burns: A Meta-Analysis and Evidence Based Review. Archives of Clinical and Biomedical Research. 2022;6(1):94-118.","DOI":"10.26502\/acbr.50170229"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.burns.2026.107920_bib18","first-page":"426","article-title":"A randomized controlled pilot study examining immediate effects of embodying a virtual reality superhero in people with chronic low back pain, disability and rehabilitation","volume":"43","author":"Harvie","year":"2022","journal-title":"Assist Technol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.burns.2026.107920_bib19","first-page":"268","article-title":"Effect of virtual reality on distraction of children attention during dressing of second-degree burns","volume":"31","author":"Sharshor","year":"2023","journal-title":"Tanta Sci Nur J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.burns.2026.107920_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"502","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn3516","article-title":"Cognitive and emotional control of pain and its disruption in chronic pain","volume":"14","author":"Bushnell","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat Rev Neuro Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.burns.2026.107920_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1007\/s12160-010-9248-7","article-title":"Vir tual reality as an adjunctive non-pharmacologic analgesic for acute burn pain during medical procedures","volume":"41","author":"Hoffman","year":"2011","journal-title":"Ann Behav Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.burns.2026.107920_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.1186\/s13063-015-0878-8","article-title":"Virtual restorative environment therapy as an adjunct to pain control during burn dressing changes: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial","volume":"16","author":"Small","year":"2015","journal-title":"Trials"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.burns.2026.107920_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"685","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pmn.2015.03.001","article-title":"The effect of virtual reality distraction on pain relief during dressing changes in chidlren with chronic wounds on lower limbs","volume":"16","author":"Hua","year":"2015","journal-title":"Pain Manag Nurs"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.burns.2026.107920_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"160","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2019.02.034","article-title":"Virtual reality for pediatric needle procedural pain: two randomized clinical trials","volume":"209","author":"Chan","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Pedia"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.burns.2026.107920_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.burns.2025.107623","article-title":"The beneficial impact of virtual reality in the burn wound care of pediatric patients: An updated systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"51","author":"Lou","year":"2025","journal-title":"Burns"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.burns.2026.107920_bib26","first-page":"501","article-title":"Immersive virtual reality for pediatric procedural pain","volume":"9","author":"Walther","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Pain Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.burns.2026.107920_bib27","first-page":"238","article-title":"Efficacy of a children`s procedural preparation and distraction device on healing in acute burn wound care procedures","volume":"13","author":"Brown","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Trails"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.burns.2026.107920_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"343","DOI":"10.2147\/JPR.S151084","article-title":"Projector-based virtual reality dome environment for procedural pain and anxiety in young children with burn injuries: a pilot study","volume":"11","author":"Khadra","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Pain Res"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.burns.2026.107920_bib29","first-page":"211","article-title":"Efficacy of smartphone active and passive virtual distraction vs standard care on burn pain among pediatric patients","volume":"4","author":"Xiang","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Jama Pedia"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.burns.2026.107920_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"218","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychsport.2018.07.004","article-title":"Is your virtual self as sensational as your real? Virtual Reality: the effect of body consciousness on the experience of exercise sensations","volume":"41","author":"Matsangidou","year":"2019","journal-title":"Psychol Sport Exerc"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.burns.2026.107920_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"435","DOI":"10.1097\/NCC.0000000000000844","article-title":"Virtual reality intervention targeting pain and anxiety among pediatric cancer patients undergoing peripheral intravenous","volume":"44","author":"Wong","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Cancer Nur"},{"issue":"1-2","key":"10.1016\/j.burns.2026.107920_bib32","first-page":"14","article-title":"Virtual reality and medical inpatients: a systematic review of randomized, controlled trials","volume":"14","author":"Dascal","year":"2017","journal-title":"Innov Clin Neurosci"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.burns.2026.107920_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"192","DOI":"10.1002\/pne2.12086","article-title":"Virtual reality mobility for burn patients (VR-MOBILE): a within-subject-controlled trial protocol","volume":"4","author":"Le May","year":"2022","journal-title":"Paediatr Neonatal Pain"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.burns.2026.107920_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"731","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm9030731","article-title":"Effects of virtual reality-based rehabilitation on burned hands: a prospective, randomized, single-blind study","volume":"9","author":"Joo","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.burns.2026.107920_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"445","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pmrj.2015.09.012","article-title":"Feasibility of an exoskeleton-based interactive video game system for upper extremity burn contractures","volume":"8","author":"Schneider","year":"2016","journal-title":"PMR"}],"container-title":["Burns"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0305417926000720?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0305417926000720?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,7]],"date-time":"2026-04-07T22:51:49Z","timestamp":1775602309000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0305417926000720"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"references-count":35,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]}},"alternative-id":["S0305417926000720"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.burns.2026.107920","relation":{},"ISSN":["0305-4179"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0305-4179","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Interactive versus passive virtual reality on upper limb pain, function, and range of motion in pediatric thermal burns, a randomized controlled trial","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Burns","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.burns.2026.107920","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 Elsevier Ltd and ISBI. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"107920"}}