{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T18:45:17Z","timestamp":1777401917033,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,1]],"date-time":"2023-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1696118400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,1]],"date-time":"2023-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1696118400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,10]],"date-time":"2023-07-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1688947200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100012095","name":"Scottish Government","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100012095","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000289","name":"Cancer Research UK","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1764571"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1764571"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000289","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Cancer Epidemiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,10]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.canep.2023.102414","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,25]],"date-time":"2023-07-25T14:34:14Z","timestamp":1690295654000},"page":"102414","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"special_numbering":"C","title":["The impact of rurality on patient experience and diagnostic pathway intervals in Scotland\u2019s cancer patients: Further results from a national cancer diagnosis audit"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"86","author":[{"given":"Susanne","family":"Maxwell","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Clara","family":"Pearce","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mary","family":"Kynn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lesley Ann","family":"Anderson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Weller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9968-5991","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Peter","family":"Murchie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.canep.2023.102414_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2172","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.32073","article-title":"Rural\u2013urban residence and cancer survival in high-income countries: a systematic review","volume":"125","author":"Afshar","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.canep.2023.102414_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"586","DOI":"10.5694\/mja13.11134","article-title":"Geographic variation in prostate cancer survival in New South Wales","volume":"200","author":"Yu","year":"2014","journal-title":"Med. J. Aust."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.canep.2023.102414_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"493","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2407-13-493","article-title":"Geographic remoteness, area-level socioeconomic disadvantage and inequalities in colorectal cancer survival in Queensland: a multilevel analysis","volume":"13","author":"Baade","year":"2013","journal-title":"BMC Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.canep.2023.102414_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2154","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-021-12190-w","article-title":"The need to study rural cancer outcome disparities at the local level: a retrospective cohort study in Kansas and Missouri","volume":"21","author":"Thompson","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.canep.2023.102414_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"176","DOI":"10.1177\/2051415813512303","article-title":"Prostate cancer in Scotland: does geography matter? An analysis of incidence, disease characteristics and survival between urban and rural areas","volume":"7","author":"Laing","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Clin. Urol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.canep.2023.102414_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"910","DOI":"10.1054\/bjoc.2000.1708","article-title":"Rural and urban differences in stage at diagnosis of colorectal and lung cancers","volume":"84","author":"Campbell","year":"2001","journal-title":"Br. J. Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.canep.2023.102414_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1863","DOI":"10.1054\/bjoc.1999.1079","article-title":"Rural factors and survival from cancer: analysis of Scottish cancer registrations","volume":"82","author":"Campbell","year":"2000","journal-title":"Br. J. Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.canep.2023.102414_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1016\/j.healthplace.2018.08.010","article-title":"Rural dwellers are less likely to survive cancer \u2013 an international review and meta-analysis","volume":"53","author":"Carriere","year":"2018","journal-title":"Health Place"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.canep.2023.102414_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"354","DOI":"10.1016\/j.surge.2020.02.001","article-title":"Analysing the impact of living in a rural setting on the presentation and outcome of colorectal cancer. A prospective single centre observational study","volume":"18","author":"MacVicar","year":"2020","journal-title":"Surgeon"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.canep.2023.102414_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"605","DOI":"10.1191\/0309132502ph389oa","article-title":"From medical to health geography: novelty, place and theory after a decade of change","volume":"26","author":"Kearns","year":"2002","journal-title":"Prog. Hum. Geogr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.canep.2023.102414_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1016\/j.healthplace.2016.06.006","article-title":"Revisiting the use of \u2018place\u2019 as an analytic tool for elucidating geographic issues central to Canadian rural palliative care","volume":"41","author":"Giesbrecht","year":"2016","journal-title":"Health Place"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.canep.2023.102414_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.healthplace.2020.102396","article-title":"Spatial barriers as moral failings: What rural distance can teach us about women's health and medical mistrust author names and affiliations","volume":"64","author":"Statz","year":"2020","journal-title":"Health Place"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.canep.2023.102414_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1191\/030913297666611118","article-title":"Restructuring health and rural communities in New Zealand","volume":"21","author":"Kearns","year":"1997","journal-title":"Prog. Hum. Geogr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.canep.2023.102414_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0272076","article-title":"The impact of patient travel time on disparities in treatment for early stage lung cancer in California","volume":"17","author":"Obrochta","year":"2022","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.canep.2023.102414_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1378","DOI":"10.1634\/theoncologist.2015-0110","article-title":"Distance as a barrier to cancer diagnosis and treatment: review of the literature","volume":"20","author":"Ambroggi","year":"2015","journal-title":"Oncologist"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.canep.2023.102414_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1111\/ans.12855","article-title":"Patients with localized non\u2010small cell lung cancer miss out on curative surgery with distance from specialist care","volume":"85","author":"Tracey","year":"2015","journal-title":"ANZ J. Surg."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.canep.2023.102414_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e69","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pec.2011.01.036","article-title":"Rural-urban differences in discussions of cancer treatment clinical trials","volume":"85","author":"Vanderpool","year":"2011","journal-title":"Patient Educ. Couns."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.canep.2023.102414_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.canep.2021.102004","article-title":"Geographic variation in diagnostic and treatment interval, cancer stage and mortality among colorectal patients \u2013 an international comparison between Denmark and Scotland using data-linked cohorts","volume":"74","author":"Murchie","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cancer Epidemiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.canep.2023.102414_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"439","DOI":"10.1038\/bjc.2017.180","article-title":"A cancer geography paradox? Poorer cancer outcomes with longer travelling times to healthcare facilities despite prompter diagnosis and treatment: a data-linkage study","volume":"117","author":"Turner","year":"2017","journal-title":"Br. J. Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.canep.2023.102414_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.canep.2021.101995","article-title":"Exploring the influence of rural residence on uptake of organized cancer screening \u2013 a systematic review of international literature","volume":"74","author":"Walji","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cancer Epidemiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.canep.2023.102414_bib21","first-page":"260","article-title":"Effect of rurality on screening for breast cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis comparing mammography","volume":"14","author":"Leung","year":"2014","journal-title":"Rural Remote Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.canep.2023.102414_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"559","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pmedr.2015.06.014","article-title":"Screening mammography uptake within Australia and Scotland in rural and urban populations","volume":"2","author":"Leung","year":"2015","journal-title":"Prev. Med. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.canep.2023.102414_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"208","DOI":"10.1136\/jech.200X.038398","article-title":"Socioeconomic deprivation, travel distance, location of service, and uptake of breast cancer screening in North Derbyshire, UK","volume":"60","author":"Maheswaran","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Epidemiol. Community Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.canep.2023.102414_bib24","unstructured":"Government, S. Rural Scotland Key Facts 2021. (2021)."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.canep.2023.102414_bib25","article-title":"Cancer diagnosis in Scottish primary care: results from the National Cancer Diagnosis Audit","volume":"29","author":"Murchie","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur. J. Cancer Care (Engl.)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.canep.2023.102414_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.canep.2020.101720","article-title":"Impact of geography on Scottish cancer diagnoses in primary care: Results from a national cancer diagnosis audit","volume":"66","author":"Murchie","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cancer Epidemiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.canep.2023.102414_bib27","unstructured":"islands, C. s. f. r. a. a. (Scottish Government, 2022)."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.canep.2023.102414_bib28","unstructured":"NHSScotland. Scottish Cancer Referral Guidelines, https:\/\/www.cancerreferral.scot.nhs.uk\/."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.canep.2023.102414_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1262","DOI":"10.1038\/bjc.2012.68","article-title":"The Aarhus statement: improving design and reporting of studies on early cancer diagnosis","volume":"106","author":"Weller","year":"2012","journal-title":"Br. J. Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.canep.2023.102414_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.canep.2020.101698","article-title":"Influences of rurality on action to diagnose cancer by primary care practitioners \u2013 Results from a Europe-wide survey in 20 countries","volume":"65","author":"Murchie","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cancer Epidemiol."},{"issue":"673","key":"10.1016\/j.canep.2023.102414_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e566","DOI":"10.3399\/bjgp18X697901","article-title":"Impact of rurality on processes and outcomes in melanoma care: results from a whole-Scotland melanoma cohort in primary and secondary care","volume":"68","author":"Murchie","year":"2018","journal-title":"Br. J. Gen. Pract.: J. R. Coll. Gen. Pract."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.canep.2023.102414_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"210","DOI":"10.1016\/j.healthplace.2004.11.007","article-title":"Rural\/urban differences in accounts of patients\u2019 initial decisions to consult primary care","volume":"12","author":"Farmer","year":"2006","journal-title":"Health Place"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.canep.2023.102414_bib33","article-title":"Geographical access to GPs and modes of cancer diagnosis in England: a cross-sectional study","volume":"36","author":"Murage","year":"2018","journal-title":"Fam. Pract."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.canep.2023.102414_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1016\/j.canep.2019.01.018","article-title":"Cancer diagnostic delays and travel distance to health services: a nationwide cohort study in Denmark","volume":"59","author":"Flytkj\u00e6r Virgilsen","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cancer Epidemiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.canep.2023.102414_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S92","DOI":"10.1038\/bjc.2015.48","article-title":"Is increased time to diagnosis and treatment in symptomatic cancer associated with poorer outcomes? Systematic review","volume":"112","author":"Neal","year":"2015","journal-title":"Br. J. Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.canep.2023.102414_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"669","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2011.12.006","article-title":"Diagnostic interval and mortality in colorectal cancer: U-shaped association demonstrated for three different datasets","volume":"65","author":"T\u00f8rring","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Clin. Epidemiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.canep.2023.102414_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"446","DOI":"10.1177\/0194599820906387","article-title":"Impact of Time to Diagnosis and Treatment in Head and Neck Cancer: A Systematic Review","volume":"162","author":"Schutte","year":"2020","journal-title":"Otolaryngol. Neck Surg."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.canep.2023.102414_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2187","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2013.01.025","article-title":"Evidence of increasing mortality with longer diagnostic intervals for five common cancers: a cohort study in primary care","volume":"49","author":"T\u00f8rring","year":"2013","journal-title":"Eur. J. Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.canep.2023.102414_bib39","article-title":"Advanced-stage cancer and time to diagnosis: an International Cancer Benchmarking Partnership (ICBP) cross-sectional study","volume":"28","author":"T\u00f8rring","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eur. J. Cancer Care (Engl.)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.canep.2023.102414_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"669","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2011.12.006","article-title":"Diagnostic interval and mortality in colorectal cancer: U-shaped association demonstrated for three different datasets","volume":"65","author":"T\u00f8rring","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Clin. Epidemiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.canep.2023.102414_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1111\/ajr.12172","article-title":"Survival from breast, colon, lung, ovarian and rectal cancer by geographical remoteness in New South Wales, Australia, 2000\u20132008","volume":"23","author":"Chen","year":"2015","journal-title":"Aust. J. Rural Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.canep.2023.102414_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"296","DOI":"10.1080\/0284186X.2018.1537506","article-title":"Diagnostic spectrum and time intervals in Sweden\u2019s first diagnostic center for patients with nonspecific symptoms of cancer","volume":"58","author":"Stenman","year":"2019","journal-title":"Acta Oncol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.canep.2023.102414_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3246","DOI":"10.1111\/hex.13632","article-title":"Optimizing the implementation of lung cancer screening in Scotland: focus group participant perspectives in the LUNGSCOT study","volume":"25","author":"Cavers","year":"2022","journal-title":"Health Expect."}],"container-title":["Cancer Epidemiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1877782123000942?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1877782123000942?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,30]],"date-time":"2025-10-30T05:34:41Z","timestamp":1761802481000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1877782123000942"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,10]]},"references-count":43,"alternative-id":["S1877782123000942"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.canep.2023.102414","relation":{},"ISSN":["1877-7821"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1877-7821","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"The impact of rurality on patient experience and diagnostic pathway intervals in Scotland\u2019s cancer patients: Further results from a national cancer diagnosis audit","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Cancer Epidemiology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.canep.2023.102414","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2023 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"102414"}}