{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,29]],"date-time":"2026-08-29T00:27:59Z","timestamp":1787963279036,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":60,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,6,1]],"date-time":"2016-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1464739200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Carbohydrate Polymers"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,6]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2016.02.010","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,2,19]],"date-time":"2016-02-19T15:12:59Z","timestamp":1455894779000},"page":"50-58","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":56,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Effect of carboxymethylation on rheological and drug release characteristics of locust bean gum matrix tablets"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"144","author":[{"given":"Amrita","family":"Chakravorty","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gouranga","family":"Barman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sudipta","family":"Mukherjee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Biswanath","family":"Sa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2016.02.010_bib0005","series-title":"Polysaccharides","first-page":"97","author":"Aspinall","year":"1970"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2016.02.010_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-5173(01)00925-5","article-title":"Evaluation of modified gum karaya as carrier for the dissolution enhancement of poorly water-soluble drug nimodipine","volume":"234","author":"Babu","year":"2002","journal-title":"International Journal of Pharmaceutics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2016.02.010_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.14227\/DT200113P38","article-title":"Physicochemical characterization and dissolution study of ibuprofen compression-coated tablets using locust bean gum","author":"Bashardoust","year":"2013","journal-title":"Dissolution Technologies"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2016.02.010_bib0020","first-page":"55","article-title":"Rheology and influence factor of locust bean gum solution","volume":"8","author":"Batal","year":"2012","journal-title":"Revue de g\u00e9nie industriel"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2016.02.010_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1016\/0168-3659(92)90166-O","article-title":"Rheological beheviour of hydrophilic polymers and drug release from erodible matrices","volume":"18","author":"Bonferoni","year":"1992","journal-title":"Journal of Controlled Release"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2016.02.010_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"184","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodhyd.2009.09.004","article-title":"Characterization of galactomannans extracted from seeds of Gleditsia triacanthos and Sophora japonica through shear and extensional rheology: Comparison with guar gum and locust bean gum","volume":"24","author":"Bourbon","year":"2010","journal-title":"Food Hydrocolloids"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2016.02.010_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1025","DOI":"10.1002\/pi.1468","article-title":"Sterculia striata exudate polysaccharide: Characterization, rheological properties and comparison with Sterculia urens (karaya) polysaccharide","volume":"53","author":"Brito","year":"2004","journal-title":"Polymer International"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2016.02.010_bib0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2014.01.111","article-title":"Acetylation and carboxymethylation of the polysaccharide from Ganoderma atrum and their antioxidant and immunomodulating activities","volume":"156","author":"Chen","year":"2014","journal-title":"Food Chemistry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2016.02.010_bib0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1510","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1015883501871","article-title":"Relationship between polymer viscosity and drug release from a matrix system","volume":"9","author":"Cheong","year":"1992","journal-title":"Pharmaceutical Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2016.02.010_bib0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"951","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1018523029030","article-title":"Synergistic gelation of xanthan gum with locust bean gum: A rheological investigation","volume":"14","author":"Copetti","year":"1997","journal-title":"Glycoconjugate Journal"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2016.02.010_bib0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1016\/0144-8617(95)00006-S","article-title":"Composition and rheological properties of cashew tree gum, the exudate polysaccharide from Anacardium occidentale L","volume":"26","author":"de Paula","year":"1995","journal-title":"Carbohydrate Polymers"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2016.02.010_bib0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1016\/S0144-8617(00)00213-7","article-title":"Composition and rheological properties of Albizia lebbeck gum exudate","volume":"44","author":"de Paula","year":"2001","journal-title":"Carbohydrate Polymers"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2016.02.010_bib0065","first-page":"4","article-title":"Carboxymethyl ethers of locust bean gum\u2014A review","volume":"3","author":"Dey","year":"2011","journal-title":"International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2016.02.010_bib0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.4103\/0975-7406.99013","article-title":"Locust bean gum: Exploring its potential for biopharmaceutical applications","volume":"4","author":"Dion\u00edsio","year":"2012","journal-title":"Journal of Pharmacy & Bioallied Sciences"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2016.02.010_bib0075","first-page":"171","article-title":"Carboxymethylation of guar gum: Synthesis and characterization","volume":"45","author":"Dodi","year":"2011","journal-title":"Cellulose Chemistry and Technology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2016.02.010_bib0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"375","DOI":"10.3797\/scipharm.1101-22","article-title":"Physicochemical characterization and dissolution properties of meloxicam-gelucire 50\/13 binary systems","volume":"79","author":"El-Badry","year":"2011","journal-title":"Scientica Pharmaceutica"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2016.02.010_bib0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2007.11.027","article-title":"In vitro evaluations of konjac glucomannan and xanthan gum mixture as the sustained release material of matrix tablet","volume":"73","author":"Fan","year":"2008","journal-title":"Carbohydrate Polymers"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2016.02.010_bib0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpharm.2004.04.003","article-title":"Biodegradable ibuprofen-loaded PLGA microspheres for intraarticular administration. Effect of Labrafil addition on release in vitro","volume":"279","author":"Fern\u00e1ndez-Carballido","year":"2004","journal-title":"International Journal of Pharmaceutics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2016.02.010_bib0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"708","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2006.08.006","article-title":"Rheological study of interactions between non-ionic surfactants and polysaccharide thickeners used in textile printing","volume":"68","author":"Fijan","year":"2007","journal-title":"Carbohydrate Polymers"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2016.02.010_bib0100","first-page":"2817","article-title":"Formulation and in-vitro-evaluation of isotretinoin tablets","volume":"4","author":"Ghorab","year":"2012","journal-title":"Journal of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2016.02.010_bib0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1015","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2012.01.057","article-title":"Synthesis and characterization of carboxymethyl guar gum and rheological properties of its solutions","volume":"88","author":"Gong","year":"2012","journal-title":"Carbohydrate Polymers"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2016.02.010_bib0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpharm.2005.04.038","article-title":"High speed DSC (hyper-DSC) as a tool to measure the solubility of a drug within a solid or semi-solid matrix","author":"Gramaglia","year":"2005","journal-title":"International Journal of Pharmaceutics"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2016.02.010_bib0115","first-page":"309","article-title":"Gums and mucilages: Versatile excipients for pharmaceutical formulations","volume":"4","author":"Jani","year":"2009","journal-title":"Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2016.02.010_bib0120","first-page":"535","article-title":"Formulation and evaluation of compression coated tablets of mesalazine for colon delivery","volume":"2","author":"Jenita","year":"2010","journal-title":"International Journal of PharmTech Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2016.02.010_bib0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10033","DOI":"10.1021\/ie400445h","article-title":"Carboxymethylation of locust bean gum: Application in interpenetrating polymer network microspheres for controlled drug delivery","volume":"52","author":"Kaity","year":"2013","journal-title":"Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2016.02.010_bib0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"278","DOI":"10.4236\/fns.2015.62028","article-title":"Comparison of some physicochemical properties of locust bean seeds gum extracted by acid and water pre-treatments","volume":"6","author":"K\u0131vrak","year":"2015","journal-title":"Food and Nutrition Sciences"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2016.02.010_bib0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"490","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jfoodeng.2008.09.028","article-title":"Rheological properties of mucilage extracted from Alyssum homolocarpum seed as a new source of thickening agent","volume":"91","author":"Koocheki","year":"2009","journal-title":"Journal of Food Engineering"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2016.02.010_bib0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"637","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2012.05.089","article-title":"Carboxymethyl gum kondagogu: Synthesis, characterization and evaluation as mucoadhesive polymer","volume":"90","author":"Kumar","year":"2012","journal-title":"Carbohydrate Polymers"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2016.02.010_bib0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2014.04.036","article-title":"Ca-carboxymethyl xanthan gum mini-matrices: Swelling, erosion and their impact on drug release mechanism","volume":"68","author":"Maity","year":"2014","journal-title":"International Journal of Biological Macromolecules"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2016.02.010_bib0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"346","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejpb.2007.06.003","article-title":"Formation of physically stable amorphous phase of ibuprofen by solid state milling with kaolin","volume":"68","author":"Mallick","year":"2008","journal-title":"European Journal of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2016.02.010_bib0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"867","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2010.06.009","article-title":"Ca2+ ion cross-linked interpenetrating network matrix tablets of polyacrylamide-grafted-sodium alginate and sodium alginate for sustained release of diltiazem hydrochloride","volume":"82","author":"Mandal","year":"2010","journal-title":"Carbohydrate Polymers"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2016.02.010_bib0160","series-title":"Handbook of water-soluble gums and resins","author":"Meer","year":"1980"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2016.02.010_bib0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.4314\/tjpr.v9i3.56291","article-title":"Formulation of sustained-release diltiazem matrix tablets using hydrophilic gum blends","volume":"9","author":"Moin","year":"2010","journal-title":"Tropical Journal of Pharmaceutical Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2016.02.010_bib0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"483","DOI":"10.1590\/S0104-66322011000300014","article-title":"Dynamic and steady-shear rheological properties of xanthan and guar gums dispersed in yellow passion fruit pulp","volume":"28","author":"Moraes","year":"2011","journal-title":"Brazilian Journal of Chemical Engineering"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2016.02.010_bib0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-5173(00)00444-0","article-title":"Compressed xanthan and karaya gum matrices: Hydration, erosion and drug release mechanisms,","volume":"203","author":"Munday","year":"2000","journal-title":"International Journal of Pharmaceutics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2016.02.010_bib0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2630","DOI":"10.1002\/app.29338","article-title":"Carboxymethyl guar: Its synthesis and macromolecular characterization","volume":"111","author":"Pal","year":"2009","journal-title":"Journal of Applied Polymer Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2016.02.010_bib0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"392","DOI":"10.1002\/app.28455","article-title":"Carboxymethyl tamarind: Synthesis, characterization and its application as novel drug-delivery agent","volume":"110","author":"Pal","year":"2008","journal-title":"Journal of Applied Polymer Science"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2016.02.010_bib0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1262","DOI":"10.1208\/s12249-008-9171-4","article-title":"Solubility enhancement of lovastatin by modified locust bean gum using solid dispersion techniques","volume":"9","author":"Patel","year":"2008","journal-title":"AAPS PharmSciTech"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2016.02.010_bib0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1685","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2012.11.021","article-title":"Pharmaceutical applications of various natural gums, mucilages and their modified forms","volume":"92","author":"Prajapati","year":"2013","journal-title":"Carbohydrate Polymers"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2016.02.010_bib0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1031","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2010.09.010","article-title":"Modified gums: Approaches and applications in drug delivery","volume":"83","author":"Rana","year":"2011","journal-title":"Carbohydrate Polymers"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2016.02.010_bib0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1016\/0308-8146(78)90031-6","article-title":"Metal-polysaccharide complexes. Part II","volume":"3","author":"Rendelman","year":"1978","journal-title":"Food Chemistry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2016.02.010_bib0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1016\/S0928-0987(02)00103-3","article-title":"Comparative evaluation of rate of hydration and matrix erosion of HEC and HPC and study of drug release from their matrices","volume":"16","author":"Roy","year":"2002","journal-title":"European Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2016.02.010_bib0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15728","DOI":"10.1021\/ie401681t","article-title":"Designing novel pH-induced chitosan\u2013gum odina complex coacervates for colon targeting","volume":"52","author":"Roy","year":"2013","journal-title":"Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2016.02.010_bib0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2004.06.034","article-title":"Carboxymethylation of cashew tree exudate polysaccharide","volume":"58","author":"Silva","year":"2004","journal-title":"Carbohydrate Polymers"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2016.02.010_bib0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"414","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2014.01.033","article-title":"Effect of ionic crosslink on the release of metronidazole from partially carboxymethylated guar gum tablet","volume":"106","author":"Singh","year":"2014","journal-title":"Carbohydrate Polymers"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2016.02.010_bib0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"435","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejpb.2006.12.003","article-title":"Swelling, erosion and release behavior of alginate-based matrix tablets","volume":"66","author":"Sriamornsak","year":"2007","journal-title":"European Journal of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2016.02.010_bib0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejpb.2006.12.014","article-title":"Swelling and erosion of pectin matrix tablets and their impact on drug release behavior","volume":"67","author":"Sriamornsak","year":"2007","journal-title":"European Journal of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2016.02.010_bib0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-5173(97)04896-5","article-title":"Comparative study on xanthan gum and hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose as matrices for controlled-release drug delivery. II. Drug diffusion in hydrated matrices","volume":"151","author":"Talukdar","year":"1997","journal-title":"International Journal of Pharmaceutics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2016.02.010_bib0245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"537","DOI":"10.1021\/js950476u","article-title":"Rheological characterization of xanthan gum and hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose with respect to controlled-release drug delivery","volume":"85","author":"Talukdar","year":"1996","journal-title":"Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2016.02.010_bib0250","series-title":"USP27\/NF22","author":"USP","year":"2004"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2016.02.010_bib0255","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"EI","DOI":"10.1208\/pt070124","article-title":"Use of hydrophilic natural gums in formulation of sustained-release matrix tablets of tramadol hydrochloride","volume":"7","author":"Varshosaz","year":"2006","journal-title":"AAPS PharmSciTech"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2016.02.010_bib0260","first-page":"239","article-title":"Xanthan and locust bean gum (from Ceratonia siliqua) matrix tablets for oral controlled delivery of propranolol hydrochloride","volume":"2","author":"Venkatarajua","year":"2007","journal-title":"Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2016.02.010_bib0265","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"439","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2005.02.013","article-title":"A solid state NMR study of locust bean gum galactomannan and Konjac glucomannan gels","volume":"60","author":"Vieira","year":"2005","journal-title":"Carbohydrate Polymers"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2016.02.010_bib0270","series-title":"Controlled drug delivery concepts and advances","first-page":"102","author":"Vyas","year":"2002"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2016.02.010_bib0275","first-page":"38","article-title":"Pharmaceutical dosage forms: Tablets","volume":"Vol. 1","author":"Wadke","year":"2005"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2016.02.010_bib0280","first-page":"289","article-title":"Alkaline degradation of polysaccharides","volume":"13","author":"Whistler","year":"1958","journal-title":"Advances in Carbohydrate Chemistry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2016.02.010_bib0285","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"723","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodhyd.2005.06.012","article-title":"Rheological behavior of Aeromonas gum in aqueous solutions","volume":"20","author":"Xu","year":"2006","journal-title":"Food Hydrocolloids"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2016.02.010_bib0290","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.4103\/0250-474X.25712","article-title":"Design and evaluation of xanthan gum-based sustained release matrix tablets of diclofenac sodium","volume":"68","author":"Yeole","year":"2006","journal-title":"Indian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2016.02.010_bib0295","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"508","DOI":"10.1002\/pat.362","article-title":"New polysaccharide-g-polyacrylonitrile copolymers: Synthesis and thermal characterization","volume":"14","author":"Zohuriaan-Mehr","year":"2003","journal-title":"Polymers for Advanced Technologies"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2016.02.010_bib0300","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-5173(02)00362-9","article-title":"Polymer particle erosion controlling drug release. II. Swelling investigations to clarify the release mechanism","volume":"247","author":"Zuleger","year":"2002","journal-title":"International Journal of Pharmaceutics"}],"container-title":["Carbohydrate Polymers"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0144861716300509?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0144861716300509?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,15]],"date-time":"2018-09-15T02:54:52Z","timestamp":1536980092000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0144861716300509"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,6]]},"references-count":60,"alternative-id":["S0144861716300509"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.carbpol.2016.02.010","relation":{},"ISSN":["0144-8617"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0144-8617","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Effect of carboxymethylation on rheological and drug release characteristics of locust bean gum matrix tablets","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Carbohydrate Polymers","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.carbpol.2016.02.010","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}