{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,31]],"date-time":"2026-10-31T09:21:29Z","timestamp":1793438489761,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,1]],"date-time":"2022-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1661990400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,1]],"date-time":"2022-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1661990400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,1]],"date-time":"2022-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1661990400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,1]],"date-time":"2022-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1661990400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,1]],"date-time":"2022-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1661990400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,1]],"date-time":"2022-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1661990400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,1]],"date-time":"2022-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1661990400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007706","name":"Ministero dello Sviluppo Economico","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007706","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003407","name":"Governo Italiano Ministero dell'Istruzione dell'Universit\u00e0 e della Ricerca","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003407","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Carbohydrate Polymers"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,9]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2022.119690","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,2]],"date-time":"2022-06-02T11:41:03Z","timestamp":1654170063000},"page":"119690","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":64,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Chondroitin sulfate: are the purity and the structural features well assessed? A review on the analytical challenges"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"292","author":[{"given":"Odile Francesca","family":"Restaino","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chiara","family":"Schiraldi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2022.119690_bb0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.1186\/s43094-020-00120-3","article-title":"Fourier-transformed infrared spectroscopy, physicochemical and biochemical properties of chondroitin sulfate and glucosamine as supporting information on quality control of raw materials","volume":"6","author":"Alberto-Silva","year":"2020","journal-title":"Future Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2022.119690_bb0010","series-title":"Standard method performance requirements for the determination of total chondroitin sulfate in dietary ingredients and supplements","author":"AOAC","year":"2014"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2022.119690_bb0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-021-21692-5","article-title":"Complete biosynthesis of a sulfated chondroitin in Escherichia coli","volume":"12","author":"Badri","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nature Communications"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2022.119690_bb0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1053\/sarh.2000.24874","article-title":"Biochemical basis of the pharmacologic action of chondroitin sulfates on the osteoarticular system","volume":"31","author":"Bali","year":"2011","journal-title":"Seminars in Arthritis and Rheumatism"},{"issue":"27","key":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2022.119690_bb0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6160","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.201101142","article-title":"A microbiological-chemical strategy to produce chondrotin sulfate A,C","volume":"50","author":"Bedini","year":"2011","journal-title":"Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Eng."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2022.119690_bb0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"322","DOI":"10.3390\/catal9040322","article-title":"Chondroitin sulfate-degrading enzymes as tools for the development of new pharmaceuticals","volume":"9","author":"Benito-Arenas","year":"2019","journal-title":"Catalysts"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2022.119690_bb0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"693","DOI":"10.1007\/s10719-016-9665-3","article-title":"Chondroitin sulphate: A focus on osteoarthritis","volume":"33","author":"Bishnoi","year":"2016","journal-title":"Glycoconjugate Journal"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2022.119690_bb0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2014.05.014","article-title":"An algorithm recommendation for the management of knee osteoarthritis in Europe and internationally: A report from a task force of the european Society for Clinical and Economic Aspects of osteoporosis and osteoarthritis (ESCEO)","volume":"44","author":"Bruyere","year":"2014","journal-title":"Seminars in Arthritis and Rheumatism"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2022.119690_bb0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.5740\/jaoacint.17-0115","article-title":"Chondroitin sulfate: A critical review of generic and specific problems in its characterization and determination-an examplar of a material with unknown or variable composition (UVCB)","volume":"101","author":"Burns","year":"2018","journal-title":"Journal of AOAC International"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2022.119690_bb0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aca.2014.07.027","article-title":"Structural analysis of isomeric chondroitin sulfate oligosaccharides using regioselective 6-O-desulfation method and tandem mass spectrometry","volume":"843","author":"Chen","year":"2014","journal-title":"Analytica Chimica Acta"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2022.119690_bb0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"238","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actbio.2017.05.030","article-title":"Chondroitin sulfate-functionalized polyamidoamine as a tumor-targeted carrier for miR-34a delivery","volume":"57","author":"Chen","year":"2017","journal-title":"Acta Biomaterialia"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2022.119690_bb0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1042\/ETLS20180006","article-title":"Microbial production and metabolic engineering of chondroitin and chondroitin sulfate","volume":"2","author":"Cimini","year":"2018","journal-title":"Emerging Topic in Life Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2022.119690_bb0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17049","DOI":"10.1038\/sigtrans.2017.49","article-title":"Ageing affects chondroitin sulfates and their synthetic enzymes in the invertebral disc","volume":"2","author":"Collin","year":"2017","journal-title":"Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2022.119690_bb0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"300","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2015.08.006","article-title":"Pharmaceutical grade chondroitin sulfate: Structural analysis and identification of contaminants in different commercial preparations","volume":"134","author":"Da Cunha","year":"2015","journal-title":"Carbohydrate Polymers"},{"issue":"8A","key":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2022.119690_bb0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1451","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1582-4934.2009.00826.x","article-title":"Immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory effects of chondroitin sulphate","volume":"13","author":"Du Souich","year":"2009","journal-title":"Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine"},{"issue":"Suppl. 1","key":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2022.119690_bb0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S24","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2010.01.016","article-title":"Antioxidant, antiinflammatory and neuroprotective actions of chondroitin sulfate and proteoglycans","volume":"18","author":"Egea","year":"2010","journal-title":"Osteoarthritis and Cartilage"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2022.119690_bb0085","series-title":"European Pharmacopeia","year":"2019"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2022.119690_bb0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ab.2013.11.028","article-title":"Selective removal of keratan sulfate in chondroitin sulfate samples by sequential precipitation with ethanol","volume":"448","author":"Galeotti","year":"2014","journal-title":"Analytical Biochemistry"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2022.119690_bb0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"669","DOI":"10.1038\/nbt1407","article-title":"Oversulfated chondroitin sulfate is a contaminant in heparin associated with adverse clinical events","volume":"26","author":"Guerrini","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nature Biotechnology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2022.119690_bb0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"557","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2015.07.082","article-title":"Functional chondroitin sulfate from Enteroctopus dofleini containing a 3-O-sulfo glucuronic acid residue","volume":"134","author":"Higashi","year":"2015","journal-title":"Carbohydrate Polymers"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2022.119690_bb0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1016\/j.colsurfb.2017.05.059","article-title":"Biomimetic mineralized hierarchical hybrid scaffolds based on in situ synthesis of nano-hydroxyapatite\/chitosan\/chondroitin sulfate\/hyaluronic acid for bone tissue engineering","volume":"157","author":"Hu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Colloids and Surfaces B-Biointerfaces"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2022.119690_bb0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2457","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0803200","article-title":"Contaminated heparin associated with adverse clinical events and activation of the contact system","volume":"358","author":"Kishimoto","year":"2008","journal-title":"The New England Journal of Medicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2022.119690_bb0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1007\/s10719-016-9759-y","article-title":"Purification and sequence characterization of chondroitin sulfate and dermatan sulfate from fishes","volume":"34","author":"Lin","year":"2017","journal-title":"Glycoconjugate Journal"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2022.119690_bb0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"373","DOI":"10.1093\/chromsci\/bms015","article-title":"Capillary electrophoresis for simultaneous analysis of heparin, chondroitin sulfate and hyaluronic acid and its application in preparations and synovial fluid","volume":"50","author":"Liu","year":"2012","journal-title":"Journal of Chromatographic Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2022.119690_bb0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aca.2012.09.019","article-title":"Capillary electrophoresis of heparin and other glycosaminoglycans using a polyamine running electrolyte","volume":"753","author":"Loegel","year":"2012","journal-title":"Analytica Chimica Acta"},{"issue":"129","key":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2022.119690_bb0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2015.04.059","article-title":"Isolation and structural characterization of chondroitin sulfate from bony fishes","volume":"20","author":"Maccari","year":"2015","journal-title":"Carbohydrate Polymers"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2022.119690_bb0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4277","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules20034277","article-title":"Discrepancies in composition and biological effects of different formulations of chondroitin sulfate","volume":"20","author":"Martel-Pelletier","year":"2015","journal-title":"Molecules"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2022.119690_bb0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1016\/S0144-8617(99)00075-2","article-title":"1H and 13C nuclear magnetic resonance identification and characterization of components of chondroitin sulfates of various origin","volume":"41","author":"Mucci","year":"2000","journal-title":"Carbohydrate Polymers"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2022.119690_bb0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"547","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2013.08.052","article-title":"Detection of keratan sulfate by immunological methods in commercial chondroitin sulfate preparations","volume":"99","author":"Nakano","year":"2014","journal-title":"Carbohydrate Polymers"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2022.119690_bb0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"839","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2012.06.009","article-title":"Residual keratan sulfate in chondroitin sulfate formulations for oral administration","volume":"90","author":"Pomin","year":"2012","journal-title":"Carbohydrate Polymers"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2022.119690_bb0155","series-title":"Frost and Sullivan research report","article-title":"The state and the future of the global bone and joint ingredients market","author":"Reddy","year":"2013"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2022.119690_bb0160","series-title":"Chondroitin sulfate: Structure, uses and health implications","first-page":"41","article-title":"Manufacturing chondroitin sulfate: From animal source extraction to biotechnological production","author":"Restaino","year":"2013"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2022.119690_bb0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1699","DOI":"10.1007\/s00253-012-4343-2","article-title":"Monosaccharide precursors for boosting chondroitin-like capsular polysaccharide production","volume":"97","author":"Restaino","year":"2013","journal-title":"Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2022.119690_bb0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1042\/BSR20160548","article-title":"New insight into chondroitin and heparosan-like capsular polysaccharide synthesis by profiling of the nucleotide sugar precursors","volume":"37","author":"Restaino","year":"2017","journal-title":"Biosci. Rep."},{"issue":"16","key":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2022.119690_bb0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6771","DOI":"10.1007\/s00253-019-09969-8","article-title":"Molecular weight determination of heparosan- and chondroitin-like capsular polysaccharides: Figuring out differences between wild-type and engineered Escherichia coli strains","volume":"103","author":"Restaino","year":"2019","journal-title":"Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2022.119690_bb0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aca.2016.12.005","article-title":"A multi-analytical approach to better assess the keratan sulfate contamination in animal origin chondroitin sulfate","volume":"958","author":"Restaino","year":"2017","journal-title":"Analytica Chimica Acta"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2022.119690_bb0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2019.114984","article-title":"European chondroitin sulfate and glucosamine food supplements: a systematic quality and quantity assessment compared to pharmaceuticals","volume":"222","author":"Restaino","year":"2019","journal-title":"Carbohydr. Polym."},{"issue":"20","key":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2022.119690_bb9000","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1740","DOI":"10.1002\/elps.202000028","article-title":"\u201cHigh performance capillary electrophoresis to determine intact keratan sulfate and hyaluronic acid in animal origin chondroitin sulfate\u201d","volume":"41","author":"Restaino","year":"2020","journal-title":"Electrophoresis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2022.119690_bb0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2019.03.208","article-title":"Tough, hybrid chondroitin sulfate nanofibers as a promising scaffold for skin tissue engineering","volume":"132","author":"Sadeghi","year":"2019","journal-title":"International Journal of Biological Macromolecules"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2022.119690_bb0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.3390\/ph10020038","article-title":"Systematic analysis of pharmaceutical preparations of chondroitin sulfate combined with glucosamine","volume":"10","author":"Santos","year":"2017","journal-title":"Pharmaceuticals"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2022.119690_bb0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3221","DOI":"10.1007\/s12325-019-01064-8","article-title":"Comparative analyses of pharmaceuticals or food supplements containing chondroitin sulfate: Are their bioactivities equivalent?","volume":"36","author":"Stellavato","year":"2019","journal-title":"Advances in Therapy"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2022.119690_bb0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"737","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics13050737","article-title":"Chondroitin sulfate in USA dietary supplements in comparison to pharma grade products: Analytical fingerprint and potential anti-inflammatory effects on human osteoarthritic chondrocytes and synoviocytes","volume":"13","author":"Stellavato","year":"2021","journal-title":"Pharmaceutics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2022.119690_bb0210","first-page":"17","article-title":"Structural analysis of glucans","volume":"2","author":"Synytsya","year":"2014","journal-title":"<span>Annals of<span\/><\/span><em>Translational Medicine<\/em>"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2022.119690_bb0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12575-019-0113-1","article-title":"Glycosaminoglycans from co-products of Scyliorhinus canicula: Extraction and purification in reference to the european pharmacopoeia requirement","volume":"22","author":"Talmoudi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Biological Procedures Online"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2022.119690_bb0220","series-title":"United States Pharmacopeia-USP 43-NF","year":"2020"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2022.119690_bb0225","series-title":"Validation of analytical procedures: Text and Methodology. CPMP\/ICH\/381\/95","year":"1995"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2022.119690_bb0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"747","DOI":"10.3390\/md11030747","article-title":"Chondroitin sulfate, hyaluronic acid and chitin\/chitosan production using marine iste sources: Characteristics, applications and eco-friendly processes: A review","volume":"11","author":"Vazquez","year":"2013","journal-title":"Marine Drugs"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2022.119690_bb0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.3390\/polym13020313","article-title":"Deciphering structural determinants in chondroitin sulfate binding to FGF-2: Paving the way to enhanced predictability of their biological functions","volume":"13","author":"Vessella","year":"2021","journal-title":"Polymers"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2022.119690_bb0245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1447","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules24081447","article-title":"Chondroitin sulfate safety and quality","volume":"24","author":"Volpi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Molecules"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2022.119690_bb0250","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2019.115650","article-title":"Recent advance in delivery system and tissue engineering applications of chondroitin sulfate","volume":"230","author":"Yang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Carbohydrate Polymers"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2022.119690_bb0255","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S91","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbiotec.2018.06.301","article-title":"Collagen-chondroitin 4-sulfate-fibronectin scaffold: Characterization and in vitro biocompatibility","volume":"280","author":"Zarnescu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Journal of Biotechnology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2022.119690_bb0260","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2016.01.016","article-title":"Development of a rapid method for simultaneous separation of hyaluronic acid, chondroitin sulfate, dermatan sulfate and heparin by capillary electrophoresis","volume":"141","author":"Zhao","year":"2016","journal-title":"Carbohydrate Polymers"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2022.119690_bb0265","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.1016\/j.colsurfb.2019.02.031","article-title":"Chondroitin sulfate-functionalized polymeric nanoparticles for colon cancer-targeted chemotherapy","volume":"177","author":"Zu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Colloids and Surfaces B-Biointerfaces"}],"container-title":["Carbohydrate Polymers"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0144861722005951?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0144861722005951?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,27]],"date-time":"2025-09-27T00:35:43Z","timestamp":1758933343000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0144861722005951"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,9]]},"references-count":53,"alternative-id":["S0144861722005951"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.carbpol.2022.119690","relation":{},"ISSN":["0144-8617"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0144-8617","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Chondroitin sulfate: are the purity and the structural features well assessed? A review on the analytical challenges","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Carbohydrate Polymers","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.carbpol.2022.119690","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2022 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"119690"}}