{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,5]],"date-time":"2026-11-05T05:16:29Z","timestamp":1793855789439,"version":"4.6.1"},"reference-count":94,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]],"date-time":"2025-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764547200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]],"date-time":"2025-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764547200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]],"date-time":"2025-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764547200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]],"date-time":"2025-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764547200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]],"date-time":"2025-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764547200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]],"date-time":"2025-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764547200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]],"date-time":"2025-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764547200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001412","name":"Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, India","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["181-4301-11459\/2k24\/1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["181-4301-11459\/2k24\/1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001412","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001412","name":"Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, India","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["14.07.2025"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["14.07.2025"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001412","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Carbohydrate Polymers"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2025.124396","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,12]],"date-time":"2025-09-12T06:55:17Z","timestamp":1757660117000},"page":"124396","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Augmenting bioactivity of in-situ captured Gd3+\/Dy3+ co-doped bio-glass by bisphosphonated chitosan-reinforced polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel scaffold with osteogenic and angiogenic features"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"370","author":[{"given":"Deepa","family":"Murugan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abhishek","family":"Kumar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arunkumar","family":"Dhayalan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Kannan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2025.124396_bb0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/bioengineering10050597","article-title":"\u03b2-TCP\/S53P4 scaffolds obtained by gel casting: Synthesis, properties, and biomedical applications","volume":"10","author":"Amaral","year":"2023","journal-title":"Bioengineering"},{"issue":"93","key":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2025.124396_bb0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51528","DOI":"10.1039\/C4RA07361D","article-title":"Investigation of angiogenesis and its mechanism using zinc oxide nanoparticle-loaded electrospun tissue engineering scaffolds","volume":"4","author":"Augustine","year":"2014","journal-title":"RSC Advances"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2025.124396_bb0015","article-title":"Free-form three-dimensional nanocellulose structure reinforced with poly(vinyl alcohol) using freeze-thaw process","author":"B","year":"2022","journal-title":"Carbohydrate Polymers"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2025.124396_bb0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jiec.2020.02.015","article-title":"High-performance hepatobiliary dysprosium contrast agent for ultra-high-field magnetic resonance imaging","volume":"85","author":"Baek","year":"2020","journal-title":"Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2025.124396_bb0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4465","DOI":"10.1021\/acsabm.3c00432","article-title":"Bioactive scaffolds as a promising alternative for enhancing critical-size bone defect regeneration in the craniomaxillofacial region","volume":"6","author":"Bello","year":"2023","journal-title":"ACS Applied Bio Materials"},{"issue":"January","key":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2025.124396_bb0030","article-title":"Towards bright dysprosium emitters: Single and combined effects of environmental symmetry, deuteration, and gadolinium dilution","volume":"199","author":"Belousov","year":"2022","journal-title":"Dyes And Pigments"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2025.124396_bb0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1089\/ten.teb.2011.0737","article-title":"Bisphosphonate-based strategies for bone tissue engineering and orthopedic implants","volume":"18","author":"Cattalini","year":"2012","journal-title":"Tissue Engineering - Part B: Reviews"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2025.124396_bb0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1489","DOI":"10.1007\/s10924-023-03033-3","article-title":"Development of PVA\/chitosan nanofibers by a green route using solution blow spinning","volume":"32","author":"Cerqueira","year":"2024","journal-title":"Journal of Polymers and the Environment"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2025.124396_bb0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"944","DOI":"10.1002\/pssa.200306776","article-title":"Following bioactive glass behavior beyond melting temperature by thermal and optical methods","volume":"201","author":"Chatzistavrou","year":"2004","journal-title":"Physica Status Solidi (A) Applied Research"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2025.124396_bb0050","first-page":"1","article-title":"Systematic review of the osteogenic effect of rare earth nanomaterials and the underlying mechanisms","volume":"22","author":"Chen","year":"2024","journal-title":"Journal Of Nanobiotechnology"},{"issue":"30","key":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2025.124396_bb0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19739","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.6b05302","article-title":"Tough and cell-compatible chitosan physical hydrogels for mouse bone mesenchymal stem cells in vitro","volume":"8","author":"Ding","year":"2016","journal-title":"ACS Applied Materials &amp; Interfaces"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2025.124396_bb0060","series-title":"A Comparison of the Use of Contrast Media With Different Iodine Concentrations for Enhanced Computed Tomography","first-page":"1","volume":"March","author":"Du","year":"2023"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2025.124396_bb0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics15041297","article-title":"Proliferative and osteogenic supportive effect of VEGF-loaded collagen-chitosan hydrogel system in bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells","volume":"15","author":"Elango","year":"2023","journal-title":"Pharmaceutics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2025.124396_bb0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16698","DOI":"10.1039\/D3DT03179A","article-title":"Enhancing the zircon yield through the addition of calcium phosphates into ZrO2\u2013SiO2 binary systems: Synthesis and structural, morphological, mechanical and in vitro analysis","volume":"52","author":"Ezhilan Manivannan","year":"2023","journal-title":"Dalton Transactions"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2025.124396_bb0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/nano8040201","article-title":"Biocompatibility of Gd-loaded chitosan-hyaluronic acid nanogels as contrast agents for magnetic resonance cancer imaging","volume":"8","author":"Gheran","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nanomaterials (Basel)"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2025.124396_bb0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"152","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.inorgchem.0c02601","article-title":"Dysprosium and holmium vanadate nanoprobes as high-performance contrast agents for high-field magnetic resonance and computed tomography imaging","volume":"60","author":"G\u00f3mez-G\u00f3nzalez","year":"2021","journal-title":"Inorganic Chemistry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2025.124396_bb0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"911","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2019.06.122","article-title":"Characterisation of chitosan molecular weight distribution by multi-detection asymmetric flow-field flow fractionation (AF4) and SEC","volume":"136","author":"Gonz\u00e1lez-Espinosa","year":"2019","journal-title":"International Journal of Biological Macromolecules"},{"issue":"23","key":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2025.124396_bb0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10648","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.inorgchem.4c01114","article-title":"Nanoparticulated bimodal contrast agent for ultra-high-field magnetic resonance imaging and spectral X-ray computed tomography","volume":"63","author":"Gonz\u00e1lez-Mancebo","year":"2024","journal-title":"Inorganic Chemistry"},{"issue":"September 2024","key":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2025.124396_bb0095","article-title":"Preparation of a chitosan\/polyvinyl alcohol-based dual-network hydrogel for use as a potential wound-healing material for the sustainable release of drugs","volume":"348","author":"Guo","year":"2025","journal-title":"Carbohydrate Polymers"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2025.124396_bb0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"578","DOI":"10.1021\/acsabm.2c00885","article-title":"Graphene oxide-carbamoylated chitosan hydrogels with tunable mechanical properties for biological applications","volume":"6","author":"Gupta","year":"2023","journal-title":"ACS Applied Bio Materials"},{"issue":"22","key":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2025.124396_bb0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25093","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.2c02990","article-title":"Tough engineering hydrogels based on swelling\u2212freeze\u2212thaw method for artificial cartilage","volume":"14","author":"Hao","year":"2022","journal-title":"ACS Applied Materials &amp; Interfaces"},{"issue":"47","key":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2025.124396_bb0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9755","DOI":"10.1039\/D2TB01211A","article-title":"Biomedical polymer scaffolds mimicking bone marrow niches to advance in vitro expansion of hematopoietic stem cells","volume":"10","author":"Hong","year":"2022","journal-title":"Journal of Materials Chemistry B"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2025.124396_bb0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6302","DOI":"10.1021\/acsapm.4c00478","article-title":"Freezing-induced crystalline transition in chitosan microgels and thereby self-association between particles","volume":"6","author":"Hou","year":"2024","journal-title":"ACS Applied Polymer Materials"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2025.124396_bb0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"305","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2012.08.038","article-title":"Glutaraldehyde-chitosan and poly (vinyl alcohol) blends, and fluorescence of their nano-silica composite films","volume":"91","author":"Hu","year":"2013","journal-title":"Carbohydrate Polymers"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2025.124396_bb0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccr.2021.214236","article-title":"Rare earth-based materials for bone regeneration: Breakthroughs and advantages","volume":"450","author":"Huang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Coordination Chemistry Reviews"},{"issue":"33","key":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2025.124396_bb0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5319","DOI":"10.1039\/C4TB00775A","article-title":"Hydrogels for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine","volume":"2","author":"Hunt","year":"2014","journal-title":"Journal of Materials Chemistry B"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2025.124396_bb0135","first-page":"1","article-title":"Biocompatible carbonized iodine - doped dots for contrast - enhanced CT imaging","author":"Jeong","year":"2022","journal-title":"Biomaterials Research"},{"issue":"November 2018","key":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2025.124396_bb0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rinp.2018.11.046","article-title":"Characterization of LuGdVO3 mixed crystal prepared by one new method","volume":"12","author":"Ji","year":"2019","journal-title":"Results in Physics"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2025.124396_bb0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3254","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2012.01.008","article-title":"Paramagnetic dysprosium oxide nanoparticles and dysprosium hydroxide nanorods as T 2 MRI contrast agents","volume":"33","author":"Kattel","year":"2012","journal-title":"Biomaterials"},{"issue":"November 2020","key":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2025.124396_bb0150","article-title":"Chitosan\/PVA silver nanocomposite for butachlor removal: Fabrication, characterization, adsorption mechanism and isotherms","volume":"262","author":"Kaur","year":"2021","journal-title":"Carbohydrate Polymers"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2025.124396_bb0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.bioeng.3.1.307","article-title":"Biomechanics of trabecular bone","volume":"3","author":"Keaveny","year":"2001","journal-title":"Annual Review of Biomedical Engineering"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2025.124396_bb0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1261","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2016.11.003","article-title":"Development and characterization of a bioglass\/chitosan composite as an injectable bone substitute","volume":"157","author":"Khoshakhlagh","year":"2017","journal-title":"Carbohydrate Polymers"},{"issue":"August 2019","key":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2025.124396_bb0165","article-title":"Highly brain-permeable apoferritin nanocage with high dysprosium loading capacity as a new T2 contrast agent for ultra-high field magnetic resonance imaging","volume":"243","author":"Kim","year":"2020","journal-title":"Biomaterials"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2025.124396_bb0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"528","DOI":"10.1002\/jbm.a.36833","article-title":"Local application of alendronate controls bone formation and \u03b2-tricalcium phosphate resorption induced by recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2","volume":"108","author":"Kitasato","year":"2020","journal-title":"Journal of Biomedical Materials Research - Part A"},{"issue":"15","key":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2025.124396_bb0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2907","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2006.01.017","article-title":"How useful is SBF in predicting in vivo bone bioactivity?","volume":"27","author":"Kokubo","year":"2006","journal-title":"Biomaterials"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2025.124396_bb0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1262","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2020.02.048","article-title":"Synthesis of physically crosslinked PVA\/Chitosan loaded silver nanoparticles hydrogels with tunable mechanical properties and antibacterial effects","volume":"149","author":"Kumar","year":"2020","journal-title":"International Journal of Biological Macromolecules"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2025.124396_bb0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1262","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2020.02.048","article-title":"Synthesis of physically crosslinked PVA\/Chitosan loaded silver nanoparticles hydrogels with tunable mechanical properties and antibacterial effects","volume":"149","author":"Kumar","year":"2020","journal-title":"International Journal of Biological Macromolecules"},{"issue":"January","key":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2025.124396_bb0190","article-title":"Gadolinium-doped mesoporous calcium silicate\/chitosan scaffolds enhanced bone regeneration ability","volume":"104","author":"Liao","year":"2019","journal-title":"Materials Science and Engineering C-Materials for Biological Applications"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2025.124396_bb0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"588","DOI":"10.1016\/S0141-0229(02)00138-2","article-title":"Preparation of chitosan oligomers by immobilized papain","volume":"31","author":"Lin","year":"2002","journal-title":"Enzyme and Microbial Technology"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2025.124396_bb0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1500","DOI":"10.1021\/acsbiomaterials.9b01374","article-title":"Phosphorylated chitosan hydrogels inducing osteogenic differentiation of osteoblasts via JNK and p38 signaling pathways","volume":"6","author":"Liu","year":"2020","journal-title":"ACS Biomaterials Science &amp; Engineering"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2025.124396_bb0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2020.03.217","article-title":"Preparation and characterization of chitosan films with three kinds of molecular weight for food packaging","volume":"155","author":"Liu","year":"2020","journal-title":"International Journal of Biological Macromolecules"},{"issue":"January","key":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2025.124396_bb0210","article-title":"A high strength, low friction, and biocompatible hydrogel from PVA, chitosan and sodium alginate for articular cartilage","volume":"286","author":"Luo","year":"2022","journal-title":"Carbohydrate Polymers"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2025.124396_bb0215","article-title":"Physicochemical characteristics and antibacterial activities of freeze-thawed polyvinyl alcohol\/andrographolide hydrogels","author":"Luthfianti","year":"2022","journal-title":"ACS Omega."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2025.124396_bb0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-022-14329-0","article-title":"Strontium doped bioglass incorporated hydrogel-based scaffold for amplified bone tissue regeneration","volume":"12","author":"Manoochehri","year":"2022","journal-title":"Scientific Reports"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2025.124396_bb0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"539","DOI":"10.1016\/j.msec.2007.10.088","article-title":"FTIR spectroscopy characterization of poly (vinyl alcohol) hydrogel with different hydrolysis degree and chemically crosslinked with glutaraldehyde","volume":"28","author":"Mansur","year":"2008","journal-title":"Materials Science and Engineering C"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2025.124396_bb0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"829","DOI":"10.1002\/bkcs.12074","article-title":"A novel paramagnetic nanoparticle T2 magnetic resonance imaging contrast agent with high colloidal stability: Polyacrylic acid-coated ultrafine dysprosium oxide nanoparticles","volume":"41","author":"Marasini","year":"2020","journal-title":"Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2025.124396_bb0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3607","DOI":"10.1021\/acsbiomaterials.7b00498","article-title":"Doxorubicin-conjugated bimetallic silver\u2013gadolinium nanoalloy for multimodal MRI-CT-optical imaging and pH-responsive drug release","volume":"3","author":"Mishra","year":"2017","journal-title":"ACS Biomaterials Science &amp; Engineering"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2025.124396_bb0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14799","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmrt.2020.10.065","article-title":"Fabrication and properties of developed collagen\/strontium-doped bioglass scaffolds for bone tissue engineering","volume":"9","author":"Mosaddada","year":"2020","journal-title":"Journal of Materials Research and Technology"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2025.124396_bb0245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"600","DOI":"10.1080\/00914037.2023.2186864","article-title":"Bioglass-polymer composite scaffolds for bone tissue regeneration: A review of current trends","volume":"73","author":"Motameni","year":"2024","journal-title":"International Journal of Polymeric Materials and Polymeric Biomaterials"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2025.124396_bb0250","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"461","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2009.09.063","article-title":"The effect of mean pore size on cell attachment, proliferation and migration in collagen-glycosaminoglycan scaffolds for bone tissue engineering","volume":"31","author":"Murphy","year":"2010","journal-title":"Biomaterials"},{"issue":"23","key":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2025.124396_bb0255","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5754","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jpcb.5c02758","article-title":"Synergistic effects of multimodal polydopamine coating on NaGdF4@NaYF4\u202f:Nd3+ nanostructured alginate microspheres through the combination of chemotherapy and photothermal therapy","volume":"129","author":"Murugan","year":"2025","journal-title":"The Journal of Physical Chemistry B"},{"issue":"35","key":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2025.124396_bb0260","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15420","DOI":"10.1039\/D5NJ02414E","article-title":"Reinforcement of PVA in a gadolinium-doped 45S5 bioglass-capped chitosan hydrogel with superior magnetic resonance contrast and osteogenic and angiogenic features","volume":"49","author":"Murugan","year":"2025","journal-title":"New Journal of Chemistry"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2025.124396_bb0265","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1838","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.bioconjchem.5c00302","article-title":"Interfacial Engineering of a NaGdF 4 @NaYF 4\u00a0:Nd 3+ -Reinforced PVA\/Chitosan Janus Hydrogel for Osteosarcoma and Osseointegration via the Entrapment of Strontium in Bisphosphonates","volume":"36","author":"Murugan","year":"2025","journal-title":"Bioconjugate Chemistry"},{"issue":"May","key":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2025.124396_bb0270","article-title":"Tough-engineered multifunctional alendronate anchoring of dysprosium impregnated luminescent polyvinyl alcohol-chitosan composite hydrogels","volume":"177","author":"Murugan","year":"2025","journal-title":"Biomaterials Advances"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2025.124396_bb0275","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"528","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2008.08.013","article-title":"Improved reproducibility in the determination of the molecular weight of chitosan by analytical size exclusion chromatography","volume":"75","author":"Nguyen","year":"2009","journal-title":"Carbohydrate Polymers"},{"issue":"19","key":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2025.124396_bb0280","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10948","DOI":"10.1021\/acsomega.0c00727","article-title":"Hydroxyethyl chitosan-reinforced polyvinyl alcohol\/biphasic calcium phosphate hydrogels for bone regeneration","volume":"5","author":"Nie","year":"2020","journal-title":"ACS Omega"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2025.124396_bb0285","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pnmrs.2010.08.002","article-title":"MRI contrast agents based on dysprosium or holmium","volume":"59","author":"Norek","year":"2011","journal-title":"Progress in Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2025.124396_bb0290","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3390\/polym12122881","article-title":"Progress and prospects of polymer-based drug delivery systems for bone tissue regeneration","volume":"12","author":"Ogay","year":"2020","journal-title":"Polymers"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2025.124396_bb0295","article-title":"Bioactive glasses incorporating less-common ions to improve biological and physical properties","volume":"33","author":"Pantulap","year":"2022","journal-title":"Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Medicine"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2025.124396_bb0300","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3515","DOI":"10.1021\/acsabm.3c00984","article-title":"Alginate-chitosan biodegradable and biocompatible based hydrogel for breast cancer immunotherapy and diagnosis: A comprehensive review","volume":"7","author":"Patra","year":"2024","journal-title":"ACS Applied Bio Materials"},{"issue":"March","key":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2025.124396_bb0305","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2018.05.033","article-title":"Chitosan-based hydrogels: From preparation to biomedical applications","volume":"196","author":"Pell\u00e1","year":"2018","journal-title":"Carbohydrate Polymers"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2025.124396_bb0310","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3390\/gels8100640","article-title":"Effects of non-conventional sterilisation methods on PBO-reinforced PVA hydrogels for cartilage replacement","volume":"8","author":"Pires","year":"2022","journal-title":"Gels"},{"issue":"29","key":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2025.124396_bb0315","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5848","DOI":"10.1039\/D1TB00502B","article-title":"Bone-adhesive barrier membranes based on alendronate-functionalized poly(2-oxazoline)s","volume":"9","author":"S\u00e1nchez-Fern\u00e1ndez","year":"2021","journal-title":"Journal of Materials Chemistry B"},{"issue":"April","key":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2025.124396_bb0320","article-title":"Engineering biomimetic scaffolds for bone regeneration: Chitosan\/alginate\/polyvinyl alcohol-based double-network hydrogels with carbon nanomaterials","volume":"339","author":"Seifi","year":"2024","journal-title":"Carbohydrate Polymers"},{"issue":"December 2021","key":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2025.124396_bb0325","article-title":"Preparation of the bioglass\/chitosan-alginate composite scaffolds with high bioactivity and mechanical properties as bone graft materials","volume":"126","author":"Shi","year":"2022","journal-title":"Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials"},{"issue":"19","key":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2025.124396_bb0330","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8613","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.chemmater.2c01582","article-title":"Poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA)-based hydrogel scaffold with isotropic ultratoughness enabled by dynamic amine\u2013catechol interactions","volume":"34","author":"Shui","year":"2022","journal-title":"Chemistry Of Materials"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2025.124396_bb0335","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2020.02.173","article-title":"Generation of scaffold incorporated with nanobioglass encapsulated in chitosan\/chondroitin sulfate complex for bone tissue engineering","volume":"153","author":"Singh","year":"2020","journal-title":"International Journal of Biological Macromolecules"},{"issue":"July","key":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2025.124396_bb0340","article-title":"Bioactive glass with biocompatible polymers for bone applications","volume":"160","author":"Sonatkar","year":"2021","journal-title":"European Polymer Journal"},{"issue":"22","key":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2025.124396_bb0345","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12232","DOI":"10.1039\/C9RA01133A","article-title":"Mesoporous bioactive glass nanoparticles doped with magnesium: Drug delivery and acellular: In vitro bioactivity","volume":"9","author":"Tabia","year":"2019","journal-title":"RSC Advances"},{"issue":"April","key":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2025.124396_bb0350","article-title":"Drug loaded bioglass nanoparticles and their coating for efficient tissue and bone regeneration","volume":"616","author":"Tangri","year":"2023","journal-title":"Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2025.124396_bb0355","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1510","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2019.11.128","article-title":"Mechanical and antibacterial properties of the chitosan coated cellulose paper for packaging applications: Effects of molecular weight types and concentrations of chitosan","volume":"155","author":"Tanpichai","year":"2020","journal-title":"International Journal of Biological Macromolecules"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2025.124396_bb0360","article-title":"Removal of heavy metal ions from an aqueous solution by CS\/PVA\/PVP composite hydrogel synthesized using microwaved-assisted irradiation","volume":"24","author":"Tassanapukdee","year":"2021","journal-title":"Environmental Technology &amp; Innovation"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2025.124396_bb0365","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7818","DOI":"10.1021\/acsabm.3c01209","article-title":"Chitosan poly(vinyl alcohol) methacrylate hydrogels for tissue engineering scaffolds","volume":"7","author":"Thai","year":"2024","journal-title":"ACS Applied Bio Materials"},{"issue":"March","key":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2025.124396_bb0370","article-title":"Bisphosphonate activation of crystallized bioglass scaffolds for enhanced bone formation","volume":"104","author":"Thavornyutikarn","year":"2019","journal-title":"Materials Science And Engineering C-Materials For Biological Applications"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2025.124396_bb0375","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"462","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajoms.2024.12.002","article-title":"Development, characterisation, biocompatibility, and corrosion analysis of gadolinium and selenium doped bioactive glass surface coating for dental implants","volume":"37","author":"V","year":"2025","journal-title":"Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Medicine, and Pathology"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2025.124396_bb0380","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14033","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.1c23024","article-title":"Freeze-thaw-induced physically cross-linked superabsorbent polyvinyl alcohol\/soy protein isolate hydrogels for skin wound dressing: In vitro and in vivo characterization","volume":"14","author":"Varshney","year":"2022","journal-title":"ACS Applied Materials &amp; Interfaces"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2025.124396_bb0385","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4602","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.inorgchem.8b00337","article-title":"Structural, mechanical, imaging and in vitro evaluation of the combined effect of Gd3+ and Dy3+ in the ZrO2-SiO2 binary system","volume":"57","author":"Vasanthavel","year":"2018","journal-title":"Inorganic Chemistry"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2025.124396_bb0390","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/surfaces8030050","article-title":"XPS investigation of sol\u2013gel bioactive glass synthesized with geothermal water","volume":"8","author":"Vasconcelos","year":"2025","journal-title":"Surfaces"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2025.124396_bb0395","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.talanta.2020.120940","article-title":"Presence of other rare earth metals in gadolinium-based contrast agents","volume":"216","author":"Veiga","year":"2020","journal-title":"Talanta"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2025.124396_bb0400","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9433","DOI":"10.1021\/acsanm.0c02044","article-title":"Dysprosium-modified gold nanoparticles as T 2ex contrast agents for magnetic resonance imaging","volume":"3","author":"Wan","year":"2020","journal-title":"ACS Applied Nano Materials"},{"issue":"28","key":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2025.124396_bb0405","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32673","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.1c06058","article-title":"Mussel-inspired bisphosphonated injectable nanocomposite hydrogels with adhesive, self-healing, and osteogenic properties for bone regeneration","volume":"13","author":"Wang","year":"2021","journal-title":"ACS Applied Materials &amp; Interfaces"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2025.124396_bb0410","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5519","DOI":"10.1021\/acsabm.4c00642","article-title":"Preparation and characterization of hydrogels fabricated from chitosan and poly(vinyl alcohol) for tissue engineering applications","volume":"7","author":"Wang","year":"2024","journal-title":"ACS Applied Bio Materials"},{"issue":"January","key":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2025.124396_bb0415","first-page":"1","article-title":"Silicon and gadolinium co-doped hydroxyapatite\/PLGA scaffolds with osteoinductive and MRI dual functions","volume":"11","author":"Xie","year":"2023","journal-title":"Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology"},{"issue":"August 2021","key":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2025.124396_bb0420","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2021.11.001","article-title":"A regeneration process-matching scaffold with appropriate dynamic mechanical properties and spatial adaptability for ligament reconstruction","volume":"13","author":"Xie","year":"2022","journal-title":"Bioactive Materials"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2025.124396_bb0425","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"857","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cap.2012.12.027","article-title":"Correlation of the R1 and R2 values of gadolinium-based MRI contrast media with the \u0394hounsfield unit of CT contrast media of identical concentration","volume":"13","author":"Yu","year":"2013","journal-title":"Current Applied Physics"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2025.124396_bb0430","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3390\/nano10081511","article-title":"Hydrogel as a biomaterial for bone tissue engineering: A review","volume":"10","author":"Yue","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nanomaterials (Basel)"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2025.124396_bb0435","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"178","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.3c14006","article-title":"Enzyme-mineralized PVASA hydrogels with combined toughness and strength for bone tissue engineering","volume":"16","author":"Zhang","year":"2024","journal-title":"ACS Applied Materials &amp; Interfaces"},{"issue":"May","key":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2025.124396_bb0440","article-title":"Analysis of film-forming properties of chitosan with different molecular weights and its adhesion properties with different postharvest fruit surfaces","volume":"395","author":"Zhang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Food Chemistry"},{"issue":"April","key":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2025.124396_bb0445","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"440","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2024.07.036","article-title":"Augmenting osteoporotic bone regeneration through a hydrogel-based rejuvenating microenvironment","volume":"41","author":"Zhang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Bioactive Materials"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2025.124396_bb0450","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12073","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms140612073","article-title":"Preparation of novel poly(hydroxyethyl methacrylate-co-glycidyl methacrylate)-grafted core-shell magnetic chitosan microspheres and immobilization of lactase","volume":"14","author":"Zhao","year":"2013","journal-title":"International Journal of Molecular Sciences"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2025.124396_bb0455","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3485","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2021.03.011","article-title":"Hypoxia-mimicking 3D bioglass-nanoclay scaffolds promote endogenous bone regeneration","volume":"6","author":"Zheng","year":"2021","journal-title":"Bioactive Materials"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2025.124396_bb0460","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"326","DOI":"10.3390\/macromol3020021","article-title":"Bone tissue engineering scaffold optimisation through modification of chitosan\/ceramic composition","volume":"3","author":"Zhou","year":"2023","journal-title":"Macromol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2025.124396_bb0465","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"890","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2020.09.012","article-title":"Hybrid gelatin\/oxidized chondroitin sulfate hydrogels incorporating bioactive glass nanoparticles with enhanced mechanical properties, mineralization, and osteogenic differentiation","volume":"6","author":"Zhou","year":"2021","journal-title":"Bioactive Materials"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2025.124396_bb0470","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmt.2021.101166","article-title":"3D printed tricalcium phosphate-bioglass scaffold with gyroid structure enhance bone ingrowth in challenging bone defect treatment","volume":"25","author":"Zhu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Applied Materials Today"}],"container-title":["Carbohydrate Polymers"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0144861725011816?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0144861725011816?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T18:42:14Z","timestamp":1777488134000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0144861725011816"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"references-count":94,"alternative-id":["S0144861725011816"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.carbpol.2025.124396","relation":{},"ISSN":["0144-8617"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0144-8617","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Augmenting bioactivity of in-situ captured Gd3+\/Dy3+ co-doped bio-glass by bisphosphonated chitosan-reinforced polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel scaffold with osteogenic and angiogenic features","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Carbohydrate Polymers","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.carbpol.2025.124396","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 Elsevier Ltd. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"124396"}}