{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,31]],"date-time":"2026-10-31T09:02:28Z","timestamp":1793437348598,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,11,1]],"date-time":"2014-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1414800000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,11,1]],"date-time":"2014-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1414800000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,8,21]],"date-time":"2014-08-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1408579200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/3.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","onlinejcf.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Cardiac Failure"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,11]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.cardfail.2014.08.009","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,9,1]],"date-time":"2014-09-01T04:32:42Z","timestamp":1409545962000},"page":"808-816","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":354,"title":["Autonomic Regulation Therapy via Left or Right Cervical Vagus Nerve Stimulation in Patients With Chronic Heart Failure: Results of the ANTHEM-HF Trial"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Rajendra K.","family":"Premchand","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kamal","family":"Sharma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sanjay","family":"Mittal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rufino","family":"Monteiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Satyajit","family":"Dixit","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Imad","family":"Libbus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lorenzo A.","family":"DiCarlo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeffrey L.","family":"Ardell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas S.","family":"Rector","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Badri","family":"Amurthur","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bruce H.","family":"KenKnight","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1308-4963","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Inder S.","family":"Anand","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.cardfail.2014.08.009_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"877","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM197110142851602","article-title":"Defective cardiac parasympathetic control in patients with heart failure","volume":"285","author":"Eckberg","year":"1971","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cardfail.2014.08.009_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1136","DOI":"10.1053\/euhj.2000.2407","article-title":"Effects of cardiac sympathetic nervous activity on mode of death in congestive heart failure","volume":"22","author":"Brunner-la Rocca","year":"2001","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cardfail.2014.08.009_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1510","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.98.15.1510","article-title":"Prospective study of heart rate variability and mortality in chronic heart failure","volume":"98","author":"Nolan","year":"1998","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cardfail.2014.08.009_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"478","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(97)11144-8","article-title":"Baroreflex sensitivity and heart-rate variability in prediction of total cardiac mortality after myocardial infarction","volume":"351","author":"La Rovere","year":"1998","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cardfail.2014.08.009_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.113.000053","article-title":"Improved survival after heart failure: a community-based perspective","volume":"2","author":"Joffe","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Am Heart Assoc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cardfail.2014.08.009_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1161\/01.RES.41.1.51","article-title":"Tonic influence of the sympathetic nervous system on myocardial reactive hyperemia and on coronary blood flow distribution in dogs","volume":"41","author":"Schwartz","year":"1977","journal-title":"Circ Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cardfail.2014.08.009_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"790","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.69.4.790","article-title":"Autonomic mechanisms in ventricular fibrillation induced by myocardial ischemia during exercise in dogs with healed myocardial infarction","volume":"69","author":"Schwartz","year":"1984","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cardfail.2014.08.009_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"429","DOI":"10.1161\/01.RES.61.3.429","article-title":"Protective effect of vagal stimulation on reperfusion arrhythmias in cats","volume":"61","author":"Zuanetti","year":"1987","journal-title":"Circ Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cardfail.2014.08.009_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1471","DOI":"10.1161\/01.RES.68.5.1471","article-title":"Vagal stimulation and prevention of sudden death in conscious dogs with a healed myocardial infarction","volume":"68","author":"Vanoli","year":"1991","journal-title":"Circ Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cardfail.2014.08.009_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1253\/circj.CJ-10-1019","article-title":"Vagal stimulation for heart diseases: from animals to men","volume":"75","author":"Schwartz","year":"2010","journal-title":"Circ J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cardfail.2014.08.009_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1731","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.53.8.1731","article-title":"Long-term treatment with vagus nerve stimulation in patients with refractory epilepsy","volume":"53","author":"Morris","year":"1999","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cardfail.2014.08.009_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"493","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2005.01.004","article-title":"Vagal nerve stimulation: a review of its applications and potential mechanisms that mediate its clinical effects","volume":"29","author":"Groves","year":"2005","journal-title":"Neurosci Biobehav Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cardfail.2014.08.009_bib13","first-page":"54","article-title":"Vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) and treatment of depression: to the brainstem and beyond","volume":"3","author":"O\u2019Reardon","year":"2006","journal-title":"Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cardfail.2014.08.009_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"578","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.52.4.578","article-title":"The effect of vagus nerve stimulation upon vulnerability of the canine ventricle","volume":"52","author":"Kolman","year":"1975","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cardfail.2014.08.009_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000105721.71640.DA","article-title":"Vagal nerve stimulation markedly improves long-term survival after chronic heart failure in rats","volume":"109","author":"Li","year":"2004","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cardfail.2014.08.009_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1700","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2013.08.009","article-title":"Low-amplitude, left vagus nerve stimulation significantly attenuates ventricular dysfunction and infarct size through prevention of mitochondrial dysfunction during acute ischemia-reperfusion injury","volume":"10","author":"Shinlapawittayatorn","year":"2013","journal-title":"Heart Rhythm"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cardfail.2014.08.009_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1007\/s10741-010-9209-z","article-title":"Vagus nerve stimulation in experimental heart failure","volume":"16","author":"Sabbah","year":"2011","journal-title":"Heart Fail Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cardfail.2014.08.009_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1319","DOI":"10.1093\/eurjhf\/hft118","article-title":"Vagus nerve stimulation improves left ventricular function in a canine model of chronic heart failure","volume":"15","author":"Hamann","year":"2013","journal-title":"Eur J Heart Fail"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cardfail.2014.08.009_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"692","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCHEARTFAILURE.109.873968","article-title":"Chronic vagus nerve stimulation improves autonomic control and attenuates systemic inflammation and heart failure progression in a canine high-rate pacing model","volume":"2","author":"Zhang","year":"2009","journal-title":"Circ Heart Fail"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cardfail.2014.08.009_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"320","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCHEARTFAILURE.113.000937","article-title":"Impact of vagal nerve stimulation on left atrial structure and function in a canine high-rate pacing model","volume":"7","author":"Kusunose","year":"2014","journal-title":"Circ Heart Fail"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cardfail.2014.08.009_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"847","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehq391","article-title":"Chronic vagus nerve stimulation: a new and promising therapeutic approach for chronic heart failure","volume":"32","author":"De Ferrari","year":"2011","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cardfail.2014.08.009_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"954","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2012.03.021","article-title":"Rationale and study design of the Increase of Vagal Tone in Heart Failure study: INOVATE-HF","volume":"163","author":"Hauptman","year":"2012","journal-title":"Am Heart J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cardfail.2014.08.009_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"692","DOI":"10.1002\/ejhf.80","article-title":"Rationale and study design of the Neurocardiac Therapy for Heart Failure study: NECTAR-HF","volume":"16","author":"De Ferrari","year":"2014","journal-title":"Eur J Heart Fail"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cardfail.2014.08.009_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2204","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.111.018028","article-title":"Continuous low-level vagus nerve stimulation reduces stellate ganglion nerve activity and paroxysmal atrial tachyarrhythmias in ambulatory canines","volume":"123","author":"Shen","year":"2011","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cardfail.2014.08.009_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"655","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cardfail.2013.07.002","article-title":"Autonomic regulation therapy for the improvement of left ventricular function and heart failure symptoms: the ANTHEM-HF study","volume":"19","author":"DiCarlo","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Card Fail"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cardfail.2014.08.009_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehi555","article-title":"Predictors of mortality and morbidity in patients with chronic heart failure","volume":"27","author":"Pocock","year":"2006","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cardfail.2014.08.009_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1759","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2005.12.072","article-title":"Relation of loop diuretic dose to mortality in advanced heart failure","volume":"97","author":"Eshaghian","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cardfail.2014.08.009_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"877","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa013474","article-title":"Prophylactic implantation of a defibrillator in patients with myocardial infarction and reduced ejection fraction","volume":"346","author":"Moss","year":"2002","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cardfail.2014.08.009_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5223(19)42875-4","article-title":"Vagal tuning: a new concept in the treatment of supraventricular arrhythmias, angina pectoris, and heart failure","volume":"56","author":"Bilgutay","year":"1968","journal-title":"J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cardfail.2014.08.009_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"310","DOI":"10.1007\/s12265-014-9540-1","article-title":"Vagal stimulation in heart failure","volume":"7","author":"De Ferrari","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Cardiovasc Trans Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cardfail.2014.08.009_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"882","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2005.05.087","article-title":"Vagal stimulation suppresses ischemia-induced myocardial interstitial norepinephrine release","volume":"78","author":"Kawada","year":"2006","journal-title":"Life Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cardfail.2014.08.009_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.1080\/07853890510007232","article-title":"Inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines in chronic heart failure: potential therapeutic implications","volume":"37","author":"Aukrust","year":"2005","journal-title":"Ann Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cardfail.2014.08.009_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"458","DOI":"10.1038\/35013070","article-title":"Vagus nerve stimulation attenuates the systemic inflammatory response to endotoxin","volume":"405","author":"Borovikova","year":"2000","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cardfail.2014.08.009_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03402177","article-title":"The cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway: a missing link in neuroimmunomodulation","volume":"9","author":"Pavlov","year":"2003","journal-title":"Mol Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cardfail.2014.08.009_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1016\/S0008-6363(00)00229-7","article-title":"Vasoactive intestinal peptide: cardiovascular effects","volume":"49","author":"Henning","year":"2001","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cardfail.2014.08.009_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"H2254","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpheart.00490.2007","article-title":"Efferent vagal nerve stimulation induces tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 in myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury in rabbit","volume":"293","author":"Uemura","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cardfail.2014.08.009_bib37","first-page":"A15586","article-title":"Optimum heart rate response to autonomic regulation therapy is frequency dependent [abstract]","volume":"128","author":"Ardell","year":"2013","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cardfail.2014.08.009_bib38","first-page":"H2525","article-title":"Autonomic interactions for control of atrial rate are maintained after SA nodal parasympathectomy","volume":"272","author":"McGuirt","year":"1997","journal-title":"Am J Physiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cardfail.2014.08.009_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1389","DOI":"10.1161\/01.RES.69.5.1389","article-title":"Single cardiac vagal fiber activity, acute myocardial ischemia, and risk for sudden death","volume":"69","author":"Cerati","year":"1991","journal-title":"Circ Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cardfail.2014.08.009_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R950","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpregu.00223.2012","article-title":"Remodeling of intrinsic cardiac neurons: effects of \u03b2-adrenergic receptor blockade in guinea pig models of chronic heart disease","volume":"303","author":"Hardwick","year":"2012","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cardfail.2014.08.009_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1113\/expphysiol.2007.041178","article-title":"Potential clinical relevance of the \u2018little brain\u2019 on the mammalian heart","volume":"93","author":"Armour","year":"2008","journal-title":"Exp Physiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cardfail.2014.08.009_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"760","DOI":"10.1093\/cvr\/27.5.760","article-title":"Differential cardiac responses induced by nicotine sensitive canine atrial and ventricular neurones","volume":"27","author":"Yuan","year":"1993","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cardfail.2014.08.009_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autneu.2008.11.007","article-title":"Spatially divergent cardiac responses to nicotinic stimulation of ganglionated plexus neurons in the canine heart","volume":"145","author":"Cardinal","year":"2009","journal-title":"Auton Neurosci"}],"container-title":["Journal of Cardiac Failure"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1071916414011890?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1071916414011890?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,21]],"date-time":"2025-10-21T06:41:57Z","timestamp":1761028917000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1071916414011890"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014,11]]},"references-count":43,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,11]]}},"alternative-id":["S1071916414011890"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cardfail.2014.08.009","relation":{},"ISSN":["1071-9164"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1071-9164","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Autonomic Regulation Therapy via Left or Right Cervical Vagus Nerve Stimulation in Patients With Chronic Heart Failure: Results of the ANTHEM-HF Trial","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Cardiac Failure","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cardfail.2014.08.009","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Published by Elsevier Inc.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}