{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T06:40:20Z","timestamp":1791268820137,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2007,9,1]],"date-time":"2007-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1188604800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cardiovascular Pathology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,9]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.carpath.2007.03.006","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,5,19]],"date-time":"2007-05-19T00:08:46Z","timestamp":1179533326000},"page":"268-276","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":151,"title":["Synergistic effects of cyclic tension and transforming growth factor-\u03b21 on the aortic valve myofibroblast"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"W. David","family":"Merryman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Howard D.","family":"Lukoff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rebecca A.","family":"Long","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"suffix":"Jr","given":"George C.","family":"Engelmayr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richard A.","family":"Hopkins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael S.","family":"Sacks","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.carpath.2007.03.006_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"844","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.90.2.844","article-title":"Characterization of the early lesion of \u2018degenerative\u2019 valvular aortic stenosis. Histological and immunohistochemical studies","volume":"90","author":"Otto","year":"1994","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.carpath.2007.03.006_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1006\/jsre.1994.1102","article-title":"Dual structural and functional phenotypes of the porcine aortic valve interstitial population: characteristics of the leaflet myofibroblast","volume":"57","author":"Messier","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Surg Res"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.carpath.2007.03.006_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1016\/S1357-2725(02)00100-0","article-title":"The cardiac valve interstitial cell","volume":"35","author":"Taylor","year":"2003","journal-title":"Int J Biochem Cell Biol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.carpath.2007.03.006_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"310","DOI":"10.1161\/01.RES.59.3.310","article-title":"Interstitial cells of the heart valve possess characteristics similar to smooth muscle cells","volume":"59","author":"Filip","year":"1986","journal-title":"Circ Res"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.carpath.2007.03.006_bib5","first-page":"231","article-title":"Cell biology of valvular interstitial cells","volume":"12","author":"Mulholland","year":"1996","journal-title":"Can J Cardiol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.carpath.2007.03.006_bib6","first-page":"841","article-title":"Dynamic and reversible changes of interstitial cell phenotype during remodeling of cardiac valves","volume":"13","author":"Rabkin-Aikawa","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Heart Valve Dis"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.carpath.2007.03.006_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"H224","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpheart.00521.2005","article-title":"Correlation between heart valve interstitial cell stiffness and transvalvular pressure: implications for collagen biosynthesis","volume":"290","author":"Merryman","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carpath.2007.03.006_bib8","first-page":"444","article-title":"Calcific aortic stenosis: pathologic features","volume":"36","author":"Edwards","year":"1961","journal-title":"Mayo Clin Proc"},{"issue":"19","key":"10.1016\/j.carpath.2007.03.006_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3400","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.emboj.7600809","article-title":"Wound-healing defect of CD18(\u2212\/\u2212) mice due to a decrease in TGF-beta1 and myofibroblast differentiation","volume":"24","author":"Peters","year":"2005","journal-title":"EMBO J"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.carpath.2007.03.006_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1161\/01.RES.0000136520.07995.aa","article-title":"Valvular myofibroblast activation by transforming growth factor-beta: implications for pathological extracellular matrix remodeling in heart valve disease","volume":"95","author":"Walker","year":"2004","journal-title":"Circ Res"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.carpath.2007.03.006_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"428","DOI":"10.1016\/j.matbio.2005.06.007","article-title":"Activation of valvular interstitial cells is mediated by transforming growth factor-beta1 interactions with matrix molecules","volume":"24","author":"Cushing","year":"2005","journal-title":"Matrix Biol"},{"issue":"21","key":"10.1016\/j.carpath.2007.03.006_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2525","DOI":"10.1161\/hc4601.099489","article-title":"Activated interstitial myofibroblasts express catabolic enzymes and mediate matrix remodeling in myxomatous heart valves","volume":"104","author":"Rabkin","year":"2001","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.carpath.2007.03.006_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1344","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.105.591768","article-title":"Human semilunar cardiac valve remodeling by activated cells from fetus to adult: implications for postnatal adaptation, pathology, and tissue engineering","volume":"113","author":"Aikawa","year":"2006","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.carpath.2007.03.006_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2004.02.035","article-title":"The independent role of cyclic flexure in the early in vitro development of an engineered heart valve tissue","volume":"26","author":"Engelmayr","year":"2005","journal-title":"Biomaterials"},{"issue":"14","key":"10.1016\/j.carpath.2007.03.006_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2523","DOI":"10.1016\/S0142-9612(03)00051-6","article-title":"A novel bioreactor for the dynamic flexural stimulation of tissue engineered heart valve biomaterials","volume":"24","author":"Engelmayr","year":"2003","journal-title":"Biomaterials"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.carpath.2007.03.006_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2004.11.008","article-title":"The effects of cellular contraction on aortic valve leaflet flexural stiffness","volume":"39","author":"Merryman","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Biomech"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carpath.2007.03.006_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6083","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2006.07.045","article-title":"Cyclic flexure and laminar flow synergistically accelerate mesenchymal stem cell-mediated engineered tissue formation: implications for engineered heart valve tissues","volume":"36","author":"Engelmayr","year":"2006","journal-title":"Biomaterials"},{"issue":"41","key":"10.1016\/j.carpath.2007.03.006_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"38571","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M206689200","article-title":"Functional linkage between the endoplasmic reticulum protein Hsp47 and procollagen expression in human vascular smooth muscle cells","volume":"277","author":"Rocnik","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.carpath.2007.03.006_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2204","DOI":"10.1093\/emboj\/19.10.2204","article-title":"Hsp47: a molecular chaperone that interacts with and stabilizes correctly-folded procollagen","volume":"19","author":"Tasab","year":"2000","journal-title":"EMBO J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carpath.2007.03.006_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.2741\/1513","article-title":"Hsp47 a novel collagen binding serpin chaperone, autoantigen and therapeutic target","volume":"10","author":"Sauk","year":"2005","journal-title":"Front Biosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carpath.2007.03.006_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2346","DOI":"10.1091\/mbc.E05-11-1065","article-title":"Type I collagen in hsp47-null cells is aggregated in ER and deficient in n-propeptide processing and fibrillogenesis","volume":"17","author":"Ishida","year":"2006","journal-title":"Mol Biol Cell"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.carpath.2007.03.006_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1499","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.150.6.1499","article-title":"Embryonic lethality of molecular chaperone hsp47 knockout mice is associated with defects in collagen biosynthesis","volume":"150","author":"Nagai","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Cell Biol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.carpath.2007.03.006_bib23","first-page":"308","article-title":"Evolution of cell phenotype and extracellular matrix in tissue-engineered heart valves during in-vitro maturation and in-vivo remodeling","volume":"11","author":"Rabkin","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Heart Valve Dis"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.carpath.2007.03.006_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"552","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtcvs.2004.04.016","article-title":"Clinical pulmonary autograft valves: pathologic evidence of adaptive remodeling in the aortic site","volume":"128","author":"Rabkin-Aikawa","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.carpath.2007.03.006_bib25","first-page":"254","article-title":"Identification and characterization of calcifying valve cells from human and canine aortic valves","volume":"8","author":"Mohler","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Heart Valve Dis"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.carpath.2007.03.006_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.122.1.103","article-title":"Transforming growth factor-beta 1 induces alpha-smooth muscle actin expression in granulation tissue myofibroblasts and in quiescent and growing cultured fibroblasts","volume":"122","author":"Desmouliere","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Cell Biol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.carpath.2007.03.006_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1009","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9440(10)61776-2","article-title":"Mechanical tension controls granulation tissue contractile activity and myofibroblast differentiation","volume":"159","author":"Hinz","year":"2001","journal-title":"Am J Pathol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.carpath.2007.03.006_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"555","DOI":"10.1023\/B:ABME.0000019175.12013.8f","article-title":"Effects of constant static pressure on the biological properties of porcine aortic valve leaflets","volume":"32","author":"Xing","year":"2004","journal-title":"Ann Biomed Eng"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.carpath.2007.03.006_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"752","DOI":"10.1114\/1.1397794","article-title":"Biosynthetic activity in heart valve leaflets in response to in vitro flow environments","volume":"29","author":"Weston","year":"2001","journal-title":"Ann Biomed Eng"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.carpath.2007.03.006_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1115\/1.429624","article-title":"Biaxial mechanical properties of the natural and glutaraldehyde treated aortic valve cusp: Part I. Experimental results","volume":"122","author":"Billiar","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Biomech Eng"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carpath.2007.03.006_bib31","unstructured":"Huang H-YS, Liao J, Sacks MS. Effects of transvalvular pressure on aortic valve interstitial cell nuclear aspect ratio. Ann Biomed Eng [in press]."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.carpath.2007.03.006_bib32","first-page":"75","article-title":"Characteristics of compressive strains in porcine aortic valves cusps","volume":"11","author":"Adamczyk","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Heart Valve Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carpath.2007.03.006_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Stella J, Sacks MS. On the biaxial mechanical properties of the layers of the aortic valve leaflet. J Biomech Eng [in press].","DOI":"10.1115\/1.2768111"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carpath.2007.03.006_bib34","first-page":"1","article-title":"Biaxial stress\u2013stretch behavior of the mitral valve anterior leaflet at physiologic strain rates","author":"Grashow","year":"2006","journal-title":"Ann Biomed Eng"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.carpath.2007.03.006_bib35","first-page":"290","article-title":"Cell viability mapping within long-term heart valve organ cultures","volume":"13","author":"Allison","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Heart Valve Dis"}],"container-title":["Cardiovascular Pathology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1054880707000531?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1054880707000531?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,7]],"date-time":"2019-01-07T09:20:52Z","timestamp":1546852852000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1054880707000531"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2007,9]]},"references-count":35,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,9]]}},"alternative-id":["S1054880707000531"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.carpath.2007.03.006","relation":{},"ISSN":["1054-8807"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1054-8807","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2007,9]]}}}