{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,7]],"date-time":"2026-11-07T17:26:25Z","timestamp":1794072385756,"version":"4.8.0"},"reference-count":100,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,1]],"date-time":"2024-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1725148800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,1]],"date-time":"2024-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1725148800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,1]],"date-time":"2024-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1725148800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,1]],"date-time":"2024-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1725148800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,1]],"date-time":"2024-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1725148800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,1]],"date-time":"2024-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1725148800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,1]],"date-time":"2024-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1725148800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100013058","name":"Jiangsu Provincial Key Research and Development Program","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["BE2022780"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BE2022780"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100013058","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82370457"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82370457"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Cardiovascular Pathology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,9]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.carpath.2024.107667","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,10]],"date-time":"2024-06-10T19:01:05Z","timestamp":1718046065000},"page":"107667","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Vascular calcification: High incidence sites, distribution, and detection"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"72","author":[{"given":"Zebin","family":"Gui","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chen","family":"Shao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuanzi","family":"Zhan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhongqun","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lihua","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"22","key":"10.1016\/j.carpath.2024.107667_bib0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2772","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.112.090860","article-title":"Emerging role of circulating calcifying cells in the bone-vascular axis","volume":"125","author":"Fadini","year":"2012","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"02","key":"10.1016\/j.carpath.2024.107667_bib0002","first-page":"176","article-title":"New progress in pathological classification and clinical practice of vascular calcification","volume":"13","author":"Wang","year":"2011","journal-title":"Chin J Geriatr Heart Brain Vessel Dis"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.carpath.2024.107667_bib0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"491","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tcm.2018.04.007","article-title":"Coronary arterial calcification: a review of mechanisms, promoters and imaging","volume":"28","author":"Andrews","year":"2018","journal-title":"Trends Cardiovasc Med"},{"issue":"23","key":"10.1016\/j.carpath.2024.107667_bib0004","first-page":"1801","article-title":"Phosphate, pyrophosphate, and vascular calcification: a question of balance","volume":"38","author":"Villa-Bellosta","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"issue":"16","key":"10.1016\/j.carpath.2024.107667_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1584","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2021.08.027","article-title":"Finding the right age for CAC testing: how low should you go?","volume":"78","author":"Naqvi","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.carpath.2024.107667_bib0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.2147\/VHRM.S4822","article-title":"Vascular calcifications as a marker of increased cardiovascular risk: a meta-analysis","volume":"5","author":"Rennenberg","year":"2009","journal-title":"Vasc Health Risk Manag"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.carpath.2024.107667_bib0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e79","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.121.037223","article-title":"Osteomodulin gene expression is associated with plaque calcification, stability, and fewer cardiovascular events in the CPIP cohort","volume":"53","author":"Gon\u00e7alves","year":"2022","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"issue":"13","key":"10.1016\/j.carpath.2024.107667_bib0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1595","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2020.07.056","article-title":"Intracranial arterial calcification: prevalence, risk factors, and consequences: JACC review topic of the week","volume":"76","author":"Bartstra","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"issue":"18","key":"10.1016\/j.carpath.2024.107667_bib0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1592","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2012.03.012","article-title":"Spotty calcification as a marker of accelerated progression of coronary atherosclerosis: insights from serial intravascular ultrasound","volume":"59","author":"Kataoka","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"issue":"24","key":"10.1016\/j.carpath.2024.107667_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2822","DOI":"10.3390\/cells12242822","article-title":"Beyond the basics: unraveling the complexity of coronary artery calcification","volume":"12","author":"Hashmi","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cells"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carpath.2024.107667_bib0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"360","DOI":"10.25259\/SNI_417_2022","article-title":"Therapeutic strategy of severe circular calcified carotid plaque with hemodynamic impairment: A patient treated by carotid endarterectomy following balloon angioplasty to prevent hyperperfusion","volume":"13","author":"Marutani","year":"2022","journal-title":"Surg Neurol Int"},{"issue":"02","key":"10.1016\/j.carpath.2024.107667_bib0012","first-page":"197","article-title":"Medical imaging of calcified lesions in inferior vena cava","volume":"23","author":"Wang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Chin Computed Medl Imaging"},{"issue":"22","key":"10.1016\/j.carpath.2024.107667_bib0013","first-page":"5604","article-title":"Relationship between intracranial arterial calcification and imaging features in patients with lacunar infarction","volume":"36","author":"Chen","year":"2016","journal-title":"Chin J Gerontol"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.carpath.2024.107667_bib0014","first-page":"1062","article-title":"Effect of diabetes mellitus on characteristics of head and carotid artery CTA in cerebral infarction patients","volume":"20","author":"Chen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Chin J Geriatr Heart Brain Vessel Dis"},{"issue":"04","key":"10.1016\/j.carpath.2024.107667_bib0015","first-page":"347","article-title":"Correlation analysis between intracranial arterial calcification and cerebral small vessel disease in patients with acute ischemic cerebro vascular disease","volume":"18","author":"Gao","year":"2020","journal-title":"Chin Imaging J Integrated Tradition Western Med"},{"issue":"04","key":"10.1016\/j.carpath.2024.107667_bib0016","first-page":"536","article-title":"Characteristics and imaging features of intracranial arterial calcification in patients with lacunar infarction","volume":"16","author":"Xia","year":"2017","journal-title":"Chin J Public Health Engineering"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.carpath.2024.107667_bib0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"582","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2018.05.021","article-title":"Intracranial carotid artery calcification from infancy to old age","volume":"72","author":"Kockelkoren","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.carpath.2024.107667_bib0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"963","DOI":"10.1111\/ene.15704","article-title":"Intracranial carotid artery calcification morphology differs in patients with lacunar and nonlacunar acute ischemic strokes","volume":"30","author":"Mazzacane","year":"2023","journal-title":"Eur J Neurol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.carpath.2024.107667_bib0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"216","DOI":"10.1159\/000533510","article-title":"Aortic stiffness is independently associated with intracranial carotid artery calcification in patients with ischemic stroke","volume":"53","author":"Gozdalski","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cerebrovasc Dis"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.carpath.2024.107667_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2961","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.118.022400","article-title":"Intracranial carotid artery calcification and effect of endovascular stroke treatment","volume":"49","author":"Compagne","year":"2018","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"issue":"05","key":"10.1016\/j.carpath.2024.107667_bib0021","first-page":"525","article-title":"A study on the correlation between the distribution of intracranial arterial calcification and imaging findings of cerebral small vessel disease","volume":"49","author":"Tang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Modern Medical Journal"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.carpath.2024.107667_bib0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"739","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-1331.2011.03620.x","article-title":"Cerebral artery calcification in patients with acute cerebrovascular diseases: determinants and long-term clinical outcome","volume":"19","author":"Koton","year":"2012","journal-title":"Eur J Neurol"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.carpath.2024.107667_bib0023","first-page":"1174","article-title":"Imaging feat ures of calcification in intracranial vertebrobasilar artery in patients with posterior circulation is-chemic stroke","volume":"43","author":"Peng","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sichuan Medical Journal"},{"issue":"08","key":"10.1016\/j.carpath.2024.107667_bib0024","first-page":"1156","article-title":"A study on the distribution characteristics of carotid plaques with different properties by MDCT","volume":"51","author":"Gong","year":"2016","journal-title":"Acta Universitatis Medicinalis Anhui"},{"issue":"14","key":"10.1016\/j.carpath.2024.107667_bib0025","first-page":"1502","article-title":"Comparative study on application value of carotid ultrasoundand angiography in ischemic cerebrovascular disease","volume":"13","author":"Qin","year":"2010","journal-title":"Chin Gen Pract"},{"issue":"04","key":"10.1016\/j.carpath.2024.107667_bib0026","first-page":"336","article-title":"The MDCTA Findings and clinical epidemiology of carotid artery atherosclerostic plaques","volume":"21","author":"Zhou","year":"2006","journal-title":"Radiol Pract"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.carpath.2024.107667_bib0027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1259\/dmfr.20180432","article-title":"Relationship between symptomatic lower limb peripheral artery disease and calcified carotid artery plaque detected on panoramic images of neurologically asymptomatic males","volume":"48","author":"Tran","year":"2019","journal-title":"Dentomaxillofac Radiol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.carpath.2024.107667_bib0028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pdig.0000081","article-title":"Deep convolution neural network for screening carotid calcification in dental panoramic radiographs","volume":"2","author":"Amitay","year":"2023","journal-title":"PLOS Digit Health"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.carpath.2024.107667_bib0029","first-page":"e18938","article-title":"Carotid artery calcification: what we know so far","volume":"13","author":"Ahmed","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.carpath.2024.107667_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"700","DOI":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2013.02.003","article-title":"Carotid artery calcifications are a risk indicator for both myocardial infarction and stroke","volume":"115","author":"Friedlander","year":"2013","journal-title":"Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.carpath.2024.107667_bib0031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"345","DOI":"10.4103\/0970-9290.167644","article-title":"Prevalence of carotid artery calcifications detected on panoramic radiographs and confirmed by Doppler ultrasonography: Their relationship with systemic conditions","volume":"26","author":"Abreu","year":"2015","journal-title":"Indian J Dent Res"},{"issue":"3S","key":"10.1016\/j.carpath.2024.107667_bib0032","first-page":"e47","article-title":"Association of Coronary Events with burden and distribution of coronary artery calcification: results from the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis","volume":"16","author":"Harpreet","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Clin Lipidol"},{"issue":"19","key":"10.1016\/j.carpath.2024.107667_bib0033","first-page":"3094","article-title":"Study of diagnostic value of coronary computed tomography angiography in coronary artery disease with severe coronary artery calcification","volume":"36","author":"Yan","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Mod Med Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carpath.2024.107667_bib0034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2022.05.006","article-title":"Coronary artery calcium incidence and changes using direct plaque measurements: the MASALA study","volume":"353","author":"Bhatia","year":"2022","journal-title":"Atherosclerosis"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.carpath.2024.107667_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"916","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.121.055340","article-title":"Prevalence of subclinical coronary artery atherosclerosis in the general population","volume":"144","author":"Bergstr\u00f6m","year":"2021","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.carpath.2024.107667_bib0036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcct.2015.03.015","article-title":"Distribution and burden of newly detected coronary artery calcium: results from the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis","volume":"9","author":"Alluri","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Cardiovasc Comput Tomogr"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.carpath.2024.107667_bib0037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"695","DOI":"10.1136\/heartjnl-2022-321682","article-title":"Coronary calcium score in the initial evaluation of suspected coronary artery disease","volume":"109","author":"Pedersen","year":"2023","journal-title":"Heart"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.carpath.2024.107667_bib0038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2796","DOI":"10.1007\/s10439-020-02677-9","article-title":"Effect of left and right coronary flow waveforms on aortic sinus hemodynamics and leaflet shear stress: correlation with calcification locations","volume":"48","author":"Flemister","year":"2020","journal-title":"Ann Biomed Eng"},{"issue":"05","key":"10.1016\/j.carpath.2024.107667_bib0039","first-page":"332","article-title":"Recent advances in diagnosis and interventional therapy of coronary artery calcification","volume":"39","author":"Zeng","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Clin Cardiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.carpath.2024.107667_bib0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"244","DOI":"10.1080\/0886022X.2019.1595646","article-title":"Prevalence of coronary artery calcification and its association with mortality, cardiovascular events in patients with chronic kidney disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"41","author":"Wang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ren Fail"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.carpath.2024.107667_bib0041","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1111\/cpf.12694","article-title":"The relationship between carotid and coronary calcification in patients with coronary artery disease","volume":"41","author":"Shenouda","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin Physiol Funct Imaging"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.carpath.2024.107667_bib0042","first-page":"1206","article-title":"Clinical significance of ultrasonography in the diagnosis of senile calcific valvular disease","volume":"33","author":"Kang","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Hebei Med Univers"},{"issue":"21","key":"10.1016\/j.carpath.2024.107667_bib0043","first-page":"3041","article-title":"Application value of echocardiography in the diagnosis of calcific valvular heart disease in the elderly","volume":"29","author":"Yan","year":"2018","journal-title":"Hainan Med J"},{"issue":"01","key":"10.1016\/j.carpath.2024.107667_bib0044","first-page":"108","article-title":"Analysis of the application value of echocardiography in the diagnosis of senile calcifying valvular heart disease","volume":"24","author":"Li","year":"2016","journal-title":"China Med Engineering"},{"issue":"24","key":"10.1016\/j.carpath.2024.107667_bib0045","first-page":"111","article-title":"Value of echocardiography in the diagnosis of senile degenerative heart valvular disease","volume":"6","author":"Peng","year":"2011","journal-title":"China Pract Med"},{"issue":"05","key":"10.1016\/j.carpath.2024.107667_bib0046","first-page":"482","article-title":"Echocardiographic characteristics of calcific valvular heart disease","volume":"31","author":"Song","year":"2006","journal-title":"Med J Chin People\u2019s Liberat Army"},{"issue":"31","key":"10.1016\/j.carpath.2024.107667_bib0047","first-page":"67","article-title":"Echocardiographic analysis of 156 cases of senile calcifying valvular heart disease","volume":"17","author":"Zhu","year":"2011","journal-title":"Contempor Med"},{"issue":"07","key":"10.1016\/j.carpath.2024.107667_bib0048","first-page":"71","article-title":"Diagnosis of senile calcified heart valvular disease by echocardiography","volume":"33","author":"Lin","year":"2018","journal-title":"Chin J Urban Rural Enterprise Hygiene"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carpath.2024.107667_bib0049","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"republish","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijmecsci.2020.106015","article-title":"Hemodynamics of a stenosed aortic valve: effects of the geometry of the sinuses and the positions of the coronary ostia","volume":"188","author":"Kivi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Mech Sci"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.carpath.2024.107667_bib0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"743","DOI":"10.21037\/cdt-23-79","article-title":"Opportunistic screening at chest computed tomography: literature review of cardiovascular significance of incidental findings","volume":"13","author":"Canan","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Diagn Ther"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.carpath.2024.107667_bib0051","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1157","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.120.050686","article-title":"Cardiovascular disease in chronic kidney disease: pathophysiological insights and therapeutic options","volume":"143","author":"Jankowski","year":"2021","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"19","key":"10.1016\/j.carpath.2024.107667_bib0052","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1524","DOI":"10.1136\/heartjnl-2021-319688","article-title":"Cardiovascular risk factors and aortic valve calcification: what do these associations mean?","volume":"107","author":"Williams","year":"2021","journal-title":"Heart"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.carpath.2024.107667_bib0053","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"661","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.122.063402","article-title":"Multiomics of tissue extracellular vesicles identifies unique modulators of atherosclerosis and calcific aortic valve stenosis","volume":"148","author":"Blaser","year":"2023","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.carpath.2024.107667_bib0054","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101746","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpcardiol.2023.101746","article-title":"Association of aortic valve calcification and high levels of lipoprotein(a): systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"48","author":"Motawea","year":"2023","journal-title":"Curr Probl Cardiol"},{"issue":"39","key":"10.1016\/j.carpath.2024.107667_bib0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3960","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehac377","article-title":"Lipoprotein(a) is associated with the onset but not the progression of aortic valve calcification","volume":"43","author":"Kaiser","year":"2022","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"issue":"09","key":"10.1016\/j.carpath.2024.107667_bib0056","first-page":"801","article-title":"Detection of coronary artery and aortic calcification during lung screening using multi-slice spiral CT","volume":"30","author":"Yang","year":"2008","journal-title":"Ningxia Med J"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.carpath.2024.107667_bib0057","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"132","DOI":"10.12945\/j.aorta.2017.17.035","article-title":"Distribution of thoracic aortic calcifications in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting","volume":"5","author":"Diken","year":"2017","journal-title":"Aorta (Stamford)"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.carpath.2024.107667_bib0058","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.7793\/jcad.28.22-00004","article-title":"Aortic arch calcification in ungated lung computed tomography scans as predictors of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease: methodology and reproducibility in a Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis","volume":"28","author":"Golub","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Coron Artery Dis"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.carpath.2024.107667_bib0059","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0109584","article-title":"Calcifications of the thoracic aorta on extended non-contrast-enhanced cardiac CT","volume":"9","author":"Craiem","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.carpath.2024.107667_bib0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"657","DOI":"10.3390\/jpm11070657","article-title":"Aortic arch calcification and cardiomegaly are associated with overall and cardiovascular mortality in hemodialysis patients","volume":"11","author":"Ou","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Pers Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.carpath.2024.107667_bib0061","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"446","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hrtlng.2018.12.001","article-title":"A strong and reliable indicator for early postoperative major cardiac events after elective orthopedic surgery: aortic arch calcification","volume":"48","author":"Adar","year":"2019","journal-title":"Heart Lung"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carpath.2024.107667_bib0062","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2020.06.019","article-title":"Aortic valve calcification predicts all-cause mortality independent of coronary calcification and severe stenosis","volume":"307","author":"Christensen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Atherosclerosis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carpath.2024.107667_bib0063","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7659239","DOI":"10.1155\/2019\/7659239","article-title":"Aortic arch calcification is a strong predictor of the severity of coronary artery disease in patients with acute coronary syndrome","volume":"2019","author":"Ma","year":"2019","journal-title":"Biomed Res Int"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.carpath.2024.107667_bib0064","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1012","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcmg.2018.03.023","article-title":"Thoracic aortic calcification: diagnostic, prognostic, and management considerations","volume":"11","author":"Desai","year":"2018","journal-title":"JACC Cardiovasc Imaging"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.carpath.2024.107667_bib0065","first-page":"1178","article-title":"Distribution characteristics of diabetic lower extremity arterial disease and primary patency after interventional therapy","volume":"7","author":"Yan","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Vasc Endovasc Surg"},{"issue":"06","key":"10.1016\/j.carpath.2024.107667_bib0066","first-page":"404","article-title":"Impact of diabetes on lower limb arterial calcification in patients with peripheral arterial disease","volume":"33","author":"Xue","year":"2022","journal-title":"J China Clin Med Imaging"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.carpath.2024.107667_bib0067","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"140","DOI":"10.1186\/s12933-020-01122-4","article-title":"Circulating Receptor Activator of Nuclear Factor kB Ligand and triglycerides are associated with progression of lower limb arterial calcification in type 2 diabetes: a prospective, observational cohort study","volume":"19","author":"Bourron","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Diabetol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carpath.2024.107667_bib0068","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1016\/j.avsg.2019.06.043","article-title":"Lower limb arterial calcification and acute thrombosis risk in patients with peripheral artery disease","volume":"63","author":"Chang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Ann Vasc Surg"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.carpath.2024.107667_bib0069","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"493","DOI":"10.3390\/jpm11060493","article-title":"Different lower extremity arterial calcification patterns in patients with chronic limb-threatening ischemia compared with asymptomatic controls","volume":"11","author":"Konijn","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Pers Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.carpath.2024.107667_bib0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1299","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm12041299","article-title":"Impact of arterial calcification of the lower limbs on long-term clinical outcomes in patients on hemodialysis","volume":"12","author":"Ohtake","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.carpath.2024.107667_bib0071","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"538","DOI":"10.1177\/1358863X231190433","article-title":"Ultrasound-detected tibial artery calcification as a marker of cardiovascular and lower-limb risk in asymptomatic patients with type-2 diabetes","volume":"28","author":"Salle","year":"2023","journal-title":"Vasc Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.carpath.2024.107667_bib0072","first-page":"58","article-title":"Features of manifestation and progression for critical lower limb ischemia in subjects with abdominal aortic calcification: a pilot study","volume":"21","author":"Zelinskiy","year":"2017","journal-title":"Patologi\u00e2 Krovoobra\u0161eni\u00e2 i Kardiohirurgi\u00e2"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.carpath.2024.107667_bib0073","first-page":"42","article-title":"[Clinical peculiarities of atherosclerosis of peripheral arteries in patients with abdominal aortic calcification]","volume":"22","author":"Mel'nikov","year":"2016","journal-title":"Angiol Sosud Khir"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carpath.2024.107667_bib0074","article-title":"Pulmonary hypertension: linking inflammation and pulmonary arterial stiffening","volume":"13","author":"Liu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carpath.2024.107667_bib0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mvr.2020.104105","article-title":"Vascular calcification: new insights into endothelial cells","volume":"134","author":"Yuan","year":"2021","journal-title":"Microvasc Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.carpath.2024.107667_bib0076","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1097\/MNH.0b013e3282f331d7","article-title":"Vascular compliance and arterial calcification: impact on blood pressure reduction","volume":"17","author":"Townsend","year":"2008","journal-title":"Curr Opin Nephrol Hypertens"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.carpath.2024.107667_bib0077","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"Ra1","DOI":"10.12659\/MSM.882181","article-title":"The mechanism of vascular calcification - a systematic review","volume":"18","author":"Karwowski","year":"2012","journal-title":"Med Sci Monit"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.carpath.2024.107667_bib0078","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"463","DOI":"10.1002\/ca.22384","article-title":"The anatomy of the aging aorta","volume":"27","author":"Collins","year":"2014","journal-title":"Clin Anat"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.carpath.2024.107667_bib0079","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"464","DOI":"10.1053\/j.ackd.2019.10.004","article-title":"Valvular calcification in chronic kidney disease","volume":"26","author":"Brandenburg","year":"2019","journal-title":"Adv Chronic Kidney Dis"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.carpath.2024.107667_bib0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00047.2009","article-title":"Effects of disturbed flow on vascular endothelium: pathophysiological basis and clinical perspectives","volume":"91","author":"Chiu","year":"2011","journal-title":"Physiol Rev"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.carpath.2024.107667_bib0081","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.1007\/s12265-016-9679-z","article-title":"Calcific aortic valve disease: part 1\u2013molecular pathogenetic aspects, hemodynamics, and adaptive feedbacks","volume":"9","author":"Pasipoularides","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Cardiovasc Transl Res"},{"issue":"16","key":"10.1016\/j.carpath.2024.107667_bib0082","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21165620","article-title":"Sex-specific features of calcific aortic valve disease","volume":"21","author":"Summerhill","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.carpath.2024.107667_bib0083","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1237","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2019.07.012","article-title":"Large-artery stiffness in health and disease: JACC state-of-the-art review","volume":"74","author":"Chirinos","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.carpath.2024.107667_bib0084","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1145","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2021.06.049","article-title":"Medial arterial calcification: JACC state-of-the-art review","volume":"78","author":"Lanzer","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.carpath.2024.107667_bib0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1425","DOI":"10.3109\/0886022X.2015.1077316","article-title":"Doppler ultrasound and calcification score: improving vascular access surveillance","volume":"37","author":"Guedes Marques","year":"2015","journal-title":"Ren Fail"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.carpath.2024.107667_bib0086","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1007\/s10557-013-6494-5","article-title":"Can antihypertensive medication interfere with the vicious cycle between hypertension and vascular calcification?","volume":"28","author":"Pikilidou","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Drugs Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carpath.2024.107667_bib0087","article-title":"Arterial calcification and its association with stroke: implication of risk, prognosis, treatment response, and prevention","volume":"16","author":"Wang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Cell Neurosci"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.carpath.2024.107667_bib0088","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2285","DOI":"10.1007\/s00234-022-02974-1","article-title":"Association between vascular calcification in intracranial vertebrobasilar circulation and luminal stenosis","volume":"64","author":"Hiremath","year":"2022","journal-title":"Neuroradiology"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.carpath.2024.107667_bib0089","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.3988\/jcn.2016.12.3.253","article-title":"Intracranial artery calcification and its clinical significance","volume":"12","author":"Wu","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Clin Neurol"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.carpath.2024.107667_bib0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1426","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2021.01.038","article-title":"Atherosclerotic carotid plaque composition and incident stroke and coronary events","volume":"77","author":"Bos","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.carpath.2024.107667_bib0091","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.3171\/2015.1.JNS142452","article-title":"Contemporary carotid imaging: from degree of stenosis to plaque vulnerability","volume":"124","author":"Brinjikji","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Neurosurg"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.carpath.2024.107667_bib0092","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"430","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2023.03.500","article-title":"Effects of plaque characteristics and artery hemodynamics on the residual stenosis after carotid artery stenting","volume":"78","author":"Jia","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Vasc Surg"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.carpath.2024.107667_bib0093","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"290","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.121.035692","article-title":"Carotid artery plaque calcifications: lessons from histopathology to diagnostic imaging","volume":"53","author":"Saba","year":"2022","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.carpath.2024.107667_bib0094","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1226","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2020.06.076","article-title":"Coronary computed tomography angiography from clinical uses to emerging technologies: JACC state-of-the-art review","volume":"76","author":"Abdelrahman","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.carpath.2024.107667_bib0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"634","DOI":"10.1001\/jamainternmed.2022.1262","article-title":"Evaluation of the incremental value of a coronary artery calcium score beyond traditional cardiovascular risk assessment: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"182","author":"Bell","year":"2022","journal-title":"JAMA Intern. Med."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.carpath.2024.107667_bib0096","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"434","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2018.05.027","article-title":"Coronary calcium score and cardiovascular risk","volume":"72","author":"Greenland","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.carpath.2024.107667_bib0097","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"972","DOI":"10.1016\/j.acra.2020.09.021","article-title":"Prediction of coronary calcification and stenosis: role of radiomics from low-dose CT","volume":"28","author":"Homayounieh","year":"2021","journal-title":"Acad Radiol"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.carpath.2024.107667_bib0098","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"527","DOI":"10.1080\/14779072.2018.1484282","article-title":"Calcification of the heart: mechanisms and therapeutic avenues","volume":"16","author":"Shekar","year":"2018","journal-title":"Expert Rev Cardiovasc Ther"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.carpath.2024.107667_bib0099","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1097\/HJH.0b013e328331b81e","article-title":"Pulse wave velocity and vascular calcification at different stages of chronic kidney disease","volume":"28","author":"Temmar","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Hypertens"},{"issue":"28","key":"10.1016\/j.carpath.2024.107667_bib0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2618","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehx653","article-title":"Calcific aortic valve stenosis: hard disease in the heart: a biomolecular approach towards diagnosis and treatment","volume":"39","author":"Peeters","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"}],"container-title":["Cardiovascular Pathology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1054880724000632?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1054880724000632?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,5]],"date-time":"2024-08-05T18:30:52Z","timestamp":1722882652000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1054880724000632"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,9]]},"references-count":100,"alternative-id":["S1054880724000632"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.carpath.2024.107667","relation":{},"ISSN":["1054-8807"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1054-8807","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Vascular calcification: High incidence sites, distribution, and detection","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Cardiovascular Pathology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.carpath.2024.107667","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2024 Elsevier Inc. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"107667"}}