{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]],"date-time":"2026-09-08T03:08:10Z","timestamp":1788836890304,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,1]],"date-time":"2026-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1793491200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,1]],"date-time":"2026-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1793491200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,1]],"date-time":"2026-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1793491200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,1]],"date-time":"2026-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1793491200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,1]],"date-time":"2026-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1793491200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,1]],"date-time":"2026-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1793491200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,1]],"date-time":"2026-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1793491200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Cardiovascular Pathology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,11]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.carpath.2026.107851","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T23:57:04Z","timestamp":1785455824000},"page":"107851","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Bifid cardiac apex as an incidental autopsy finding: differentiation from apical notch. Report of two forensic cases and a literature review"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"85","author":[{"given":"Nora Fawzy","family":"Fnon","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6104-562X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Asmaa F.","family":"Sharif","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sally Saied","family":"Kamel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zahraa Khalifa","family":"Sobh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.carpath.2026.107851_bib0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/mco2.631","article-title":"Congenital heart disease: types, pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment options","volume":"5","author":"Meng","year":"2024","journal-title":"MedComm"},{"issue":"23","key":"10.1016\/j.carpath.2026.107851_bib0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2239","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2022.09.032","article-title":"Pediatric and congenital cardiovascular disease research challenges and opportunities: JACC review topic of the week","volume":"80","author":"Opotowsky","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carpath.2026.107851_bib0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2024.102652","article-title":"Pathological causes of sudden death in autopsied children with reference to peculiar findings: an Egyptian perspective","volume":"102","author":"Fnon","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Forensic Leg Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carpath.2026.107851_bib0004","first-page":"151","article-title":"Incidental finding of bifid cardiac apex in a case of sudden death due to sickle cell disease","volume":"26","author":"Fragkouli","year":"2018","journal-title":"Rom J Leg Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.carpath.2026.107851_bib0005","first-page":"504","article-title":"Incidentally detected bifid cardiac apex in a patient with acute myocardial infarction: a case presentation and brief literature review","volume":"46","author":"Hosseinsabet","year":"2017","journal-title":"Turk Kardiyol Dern Ars"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.carpath.2026.107851_bib0006","first-page":"1","article-title":"Embryology and congenital heart disease","volume":"22","author":"Angelini","year":"1995","journal-title":"Tex Heart Inst J"},{"issue":"13","key":"10.1016\/j.carpath.2026.107851_bib0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7117","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms25137117","article-title":"Cardiac development and factors influencing the development of congenital heart defects (CHDs): part I","volume":"25","author":"Zubrzycki","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.carpath.2026.107851_bib0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1004","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-8703(86)90659-9","article-title":"Bifid cardiac apex","volume":"111","author":"Teja","year":"1986","journal-title":"Am Heart J"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.carpath.2026.107851_bib0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"512","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carpath.2016.09.001","article-title":"Bifid cardiac apex and high take off: an unusual association in a case of sudden death","volume":"25","author":"De Bartolo","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Pathol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carpath.2026.107851_bib0010","first-page":"1","article-title":"Anatomical variant or pathological anomaly? A case report of an asymptomatic cardiac apical cleft","volume":"19","author":"Posite","year":"2026","journal-title":"Int Med Case Rep J"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.carpath.2026.107851_bib0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/ccr3.7602","article-title":"Bifid cardiac apex and spongiform cardiomyopathy in fetus with small microdeletion 16p12.2 of paternal origin. Critical points in family communication on 16p12.2 microdeletion","volume":"11","author":"Stabile","year":"2023","journal-title":"Clin Case Rep"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.carpath.2026.107851_bib0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carpath.2013.06.003","article-title":"Bifid cardiac apex in a 25-year-old male with sudden cardiac death","volume":"23","author":"Wu","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Pathol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.carpath.2026.107851_bib0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"178","DOI":"10.1007\/s12055-003-0014-3","article-title":"Bifid apex, persistent left superior vena cava, muscularised coronary sinus, bare atrioventricular cleft, bilateral hepatocardiac channels and bull\u2019s horns in the right atrial appendage: congenital defects possibly due to phylogenic downgrading of genes","volume":"19","author":"Victor","year":"2003","journal-title":"Indian J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.carpath.2026.107851_bib0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.1016\/1037-2091(93)90038-6","article-title":"Bifid cardiac apex and right atrioventricular cleft","volume":"2","author":"Victor","year":"1993","journal-title":"Australas J Cardiovasc Thorac Surg"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.carpath.2026.107851_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"474","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtcvs.2005.10.016","article-title":"Bifid cardiac apex: a rare morphologic structure","volume":"131","author":"Sayin","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.carpath.2026.107851_bib0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.4250\/jcu.2017.25.2.70","article-title":"Bifid cardiac apex in an old woman","volume":"25","author":"Masoura","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Cardiovasc Ultrasound"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.carpath.2026.107851_bib0017","first-page":"158","article-title":"A rare case of congenital heart disease with bifid cardiac apex: a unique finding in left ventricle","volume":"8","author":"Maleki","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Tehran Heart Cent"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.carpath.2026.107851_bib0018","article-title":"Multimodal management of complex congenital heart disease: a case of atrial and ventricular septal defects with a bifid apex","volume":"17","author":"I\u015fik","year":"2025","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.carpath.2026.107851_bib0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"346","DOI":"10.1016\/j.case.2022.06.004","article-title":"Five-chambered heart with double-chambered left ventricle diagnosed by multimodality imaging","volume":"6","author":"Marzlin","year":"2022","journal-title":"CASE"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.carpath.2026.107851_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1186\/s41935-025-00462-0","article-title":"Forensic pathological and histopathological analysis of ischemic sudden cardiac deaths in Egypt","volume":"15","author":"Fnon","year":"2025","journal-title":"Egypt J Forensic Sci"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.carpath.2026.107851_bib0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"973","DOI":"10.1017\/S1047951117000245","article-title":"Congenital left ventricular diverticulum","volume":"27","author":"Morales-Quispe","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cardiol Young"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.carpath.2026.107851_bib0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.114.001271","article-title":"Rac1 signaling is critical to cardiomyocyte polarity and embryonic heart development","volume":"3","author":"Leung","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Am Heart Assoc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carpath.2026.107851_bib0023","article-title":"Optimum standardization of cause-of-death certification procedures in healthcare facilities: a medicolegal initiative","volume":"8","author":"Zaki","year":"2023","journal-title":"Forensic Sci Int: Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carpath.2026.107851_bib0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.legalmed.2021.101903","article-title":"Knowledge, attitude, and practice of forensic practitioners during COVID-19 pandemic in Arab countries","volume":"52","author":"Zaki","year":"2021","journal-title":"Leg Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.carpath.2026.107851_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.4103\/jcecho.jcecho_54_22","article-title":"An aberrant papillary muscle causes bifid shape of cardiac apex","volume":"33","author":"Sahebjam","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Cardiovasc Echogr"},{"issue":"13","key":"10.1016\/j.carpath.2026.107851_bib0026","article-title":"Congenital 'bifid' left ventricular apex masquerading as pseudo-aneurysm following acute myocardial infarction","volume":"38","author":"Khanji","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"}],"container-title":["Cardiovascular Pathology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1054880726000426?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1054880726000426?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]],"date-time":"2026-09-08T02:28:38Z","timestamp":1788834518000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1054880726000426"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,11]]},"references-count":26,"alternative-id":["S1054880726000426"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.carpath.2026.107851","relation":{},"ISSN":["1054-8807"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1054-8807","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Bifid cardiac apex as an incidental autopsy finding: differentiation from apical notch. Report of two forensic cases and a literature review","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Cardiovascular Pathology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.carpath.2026.107851","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 Elsevier Inc. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"107851"}}