{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,12]],"date-time":"2026-08-12T08:38:06Z","timestamp":1786523886063,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790812800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790812800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790812800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790812800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790812800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790812800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790812800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006109","name":"Vedeck\u00e1 Grantov\u00e1 Agent\u00fara M\u0160VVa\u0160 SR a SAV","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2\/0108\/26"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2\/0108\/26"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006109","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002648","name":"Catholic University of Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002648","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002701","name":"Ministry of Education","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2016933923"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2016933923"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002701","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Carbohydrate Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.carres.2026.110040","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,9]],"date-time":"2026-07-09T12:38:32Z","timestamp":1783600712000},"page":"110040","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Ginseng marc-derived low-molecular-weight neutral glucan SN-GOS ameliorates ulcerative colitis via inhibition of apoptosis and activation of autophagy in human intestinal HT-29 cells and DSS-induced inflammatory colitis mice"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"568","author":[{"given":"Jisun","family":"Lee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jung Sik","family":"Lim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roman","family":"Bleha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Capek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Radek","family":"Pohl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jin","family":"Ree","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chae Young","family":"Shin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tae Gyu","family":"Choi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andriy","family":"Synytsya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1749-0689","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yong Il","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.carres.2026.110040_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1685","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-2952(99)00212-9","article-title":"Ginseng pharmacology: multiple constituents and multiple actions","volume":"58","author":"Attele","year":"1999","journal-title":"Biochem. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carres.2026.110040_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"494","DOI":"10.1039\/D0FO01896A","article-title":"Recent progress in polysaccharides from Panax ginseng C. A. meyer","volume":"12","author":"Guo","year":"2021","journal-title":"Food Funct."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carres.2026.110040_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jgr.2022.07.002","article-title":"Ginseng polysaccharides: potential antitumor agents","volume":"47","author":"Tao","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Ginseng Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carres.2026.110040_bib4","article-title":"Insight into polysaccharides from Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer in improving intestinal inflammation: modulating intestinal microbiota and autophagy","volume":"12","author":"Wang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carres.2026.110040_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1149","DOI":"10.1080\/87559129.2020.1771363","article-title":"An insight into the research concerning Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer polysaccharides: a review","volume":"38","author":"Ji","year":"2022","journal-title":"Food Rev. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carres.2026.110040_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"324","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2019.03.229","article-title":"Natural occurring polysaccharides from Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer: a review of isolation, structures, and bioactivities","volume":"133","author":"Zhao","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int. J. Biol. Macromol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carres.2026.110040_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jgr.2021.06.003","article-title":"A review of the immunomodulatory activities of polysaccharides isolated from panax species","volume":"46","author":"Hu","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Ginseng Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carres.2026.110040_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"890","DOI":"10.3390\/foods11060890","article-title":"The protective effects of ginseng polysaccharides and their effective subfraction against dextran sodium sulfate-induced colitis","volume":"11","author":"Li","year":"2022","journal-title":"Foods"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carres.2026.110040_bib9","article-title":"A critical review on pharmacological properties of sulfated polysaccharides from marine macroalgae","volume":"344","author":"Jegadeshwari","year":"2024","journal-title":"Carbohydr. Polym."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carres.2026.110040_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1403","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2020.07.210","article-title":"Advances in tracking of polysaccharides in vivo: labeling strategies, potential factors and applications based on pharmacokinetic characteristics","volume":"163","author":"Zheng","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. J. Biol. Macromol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carres.2026.110040_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1322","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms25021322","article-title":"A review of natural polysaccharides: sources, characteristics, properties, food, and pharmaceutical applications","volume":"25","author":"Benalaya","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carres.2026.110040_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"344","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2015.10.031","article-title":"Ginseng marc-derived low-molecular weight oligosaccharide inhibits the growth of skin melanoma cells via activation of RAW264.7 cells","volume":"29","author":"Seo","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int. Immunopharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carres.2026.110040_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2024.141674","article-title":"Neutral oligosaccharides from ginseng (Panax ginseng) residues vs. neutral ginseng polysaccharides: a comparative study of structure elucidation and biological activity","volume":"464","author":"Tao","year":"2025","journal-title":"Food Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carres.2026.110040_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1816","DOI":"10.1002\/jsfa.6497","article-title":"Effects of dietary supplementation of red ginseng marc and \u03b1-tocopherol on the growth performance and meat quality of broiler chicken","volume":"94","author":"Kim","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Sci. Food Agric."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carres.2026.110040_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"860","DOI":"10.4014\/jmb.1801.01003","article-title":"Enzyme hydrolysates of ginseng marc polysaccharides promote the phagocytic activity of macrophages via activation of TLR2 and Mer tyrosine kinase","volume":"28","author":"Seo","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Microbiol. Biotechnol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carres.2026.110040_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"931","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2018.11.271","article-title":"Effects of Panax ginseng polysaccharides on the gut microbiota in mice with antibiotic-associated diarrhea","volume":"124","author":"Li","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int. J. Biol. Macromol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carres.2026.110040_bib17","article-title":"Treatment of inflammatory bowel disease: a comprehensive review","volume":"8","author":"Cai","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carres.2026.110040_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1726","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2017-315866","article-title":"Evolving role of diet in the pathogenesis and treatment of inflammatory bowel diseases","volume":"67","author":"Levine","year":"2018","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carres.2026.110040_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2024.1390351","article-title":"The emerging role of oxidative stress in inflammatory bowel disease","volume":"15","author":"Muro","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front. Endocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carres.2026.110040_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1177\/2040622319899297","article-title":"Emerging treatments for inflammatory bowel disease","volume":"11","author":"Hazel","year":"2020","journal-title":"Ther. Adv. Chronic Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carres.2026.110040_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2021.684486","article-title":"Natural anti-inflammatory compounds as drug candidates for inflammatory bowel disease","volume":"12","author":"Duan","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carres.2026.110040_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"397","DOI":"10.1007\/s10787-022-00931-1","article-title":"Natural compounds as safe therapeutic options for ulcerative colitis","volume":"30","author":"Gupta","year":"2022","journal-title":"Inflammopharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carres.2026.110040_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2021.118821","article-title":"The potential roles of natural plant polysaccharides in inflammatory bowel disease: a review","volume":"277","author":"Yang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Carbohydr. Polym."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carres.2026.110040_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2135","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fshw.2023.03.027","article-title":"Therapeutic potential and mechanism of functional oligosaccharides in inflammatory bowel disease: a review","volume":"12","author":"Yang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Food Sci. Hum. Wellness"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carres.2026.110040_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jff.2022.105013","article-title":"Polysaccharides from Panax ginseng C. A. meyer alleviated DSS-induced IBD by inhibiting JAK2\/STAT1\/NLRP3 inflammasome signaling pathway in mice","volume":"91","author":"Li","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Funct.Foods"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carres.2026.110040_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2024.138007","article-title":"Influence of enzymatic modification on the structure, antioxidant activity, and prebiotic activity of ginseng neutral polysaccharide","volume":"284","author":"Dong","year":"2025","journal-title":"Int. J. Biol. Macromol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carres.2026.110040_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3863","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules28093863","article-title":"Immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory, and anti-cancer properties of ginseng: a pharmacological update","volume":"28","author":"Valdes-Gonzalez","year":"2023","journal-title":"Molecules"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carres.2026.110040_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"378","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2015.05.079","article-title":"Structure-function relationships of immunostimulatory polysaccharides: a review","volume":"132","author":"Ferreira","year":"2015","journal-title":"Carbohydr. Polym."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carres.2026.110040_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1111\/ijfs.12681","article-title":"Oligosaccharide production by hydrolysis of polysaccharides: a review","volume":"50","author":"Moura","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int. J. Food Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carres.2026.110040_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"813","DOI":"10.1007\/s10126-018-9851-3","article-title":"Low-molecular weight mannogalactofucans derived from Undaria pinnatifida induce apoptotic death of human prostate cancer cells in vitro and in vivo","volume":"20","author":"Lee","year":"2018","journal-title":"Mar. Biotechnol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carres.2026.110040_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2024.135522","article-title":"Improved the physicochemical properties and bioactivities of oligosaccharides by degrading self-extracting\/commercial ginseng polysaccharides","volume":"279","author":"Tao","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int. J. Biol. Macromol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carres.2026.110040_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1038\/168167a0","article-title":"A colorimetric method for the determination of sugars","volume":"168","author":"Dubois","year":"1951","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carres.2026.110040_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"248","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-2697(76)90527-3","article-title":"A rapid and sensitive method for the quantitation of microgram quantities of protein utilizing the principle of protein-dye binding","volume":"72","author":"Bradford","year":"1976","journal-title":"Anal. Biochem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carres.2026.110040_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"484","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-2697(73)90377-1","article-title":"New method for quantitative determination of uronic acids","volume":"54","author":"Blumenkrantz","year":"1973","journal-title":"Anal. Biochem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carres.2026.110040_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"718","DOI":"10.1007\/s10126-015-9643-y","article-title":"Structural features and anti-coagulant activity of the sulphated polysaccharide SPS-CF from a green alga Capsosiphon fulvescens","volume":"17","author":"Synytsya","year":"2015","journal-title":"Mar. Biotechnol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carres.2026.110040_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1016\/0008-6215(84)85242-8","article-title":"A simple and rapid method for the permethylation of carbohydrates","volume":"131","author":"Ciucanu","year":"1984","journal-title":"Carbohydr. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carres.2026.110040_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1021","DOI":"10.1039\/CT9038301021","article-title":"The methylation of carbohydrates","volume":"83","author":"Purdie","year":"1903","journal-title":"J. Chem. Soc. Trans."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carres.2026.110040_bib38","first-page":"1","article-title":"A practical guide to the methylation analysis of carbohydrates","volume":"8","author":"Janssen","year":"1976","journal-title":"Chem. Commun. (Stockh. Univ.)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carres.2026.110040_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"844","DOI":"10.1093\/ibd\/izad312","article-title":"Unveiling colitis: a journey through the dextran sodium sulfate-induced model","volume":"30","author":"Yang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Inflamm. Bowel Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carres.2026.110040_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7446","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm13237446","article-title":"Recent advances in the management of acute severe ulcerative colitis","volume":"13","author":"Ong Ming San","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Clin. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carres.2026.110040_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1330","DOI":"10.1016\/j.crfs.2022.08.016","article-title":"Structure-immunomodulatory activity relationships of dietary polysaccharides","volume":"5","author":"Chen","year":"2022","journal-title":"Curr. Res. Food Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carres.2026.110040_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1038\/s41580-018-0003-4","article-title":"Mechanism and medical implications of mammalian autophagy","volume":"19","author":"Dikic","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Mol. Cell Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carres.2026.110040_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"345","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2018.08.035","article-title":"Boosting mTOR-dependent autophagy via upstream TLR4-MyD88-MAPK signaling and downstream NF-\u03baB pathway quenches intestinal inflammation and oxidative stress injury","volume":"35","author":"Zhou","year":"2018","journal-title":"EBioMedicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carres.2026.110040_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1016\/S0076-6879(08)03612-4","article-title":"Monitoring autophagic degradation of p62\/SQSTM1","volume":"452","author":"Bj\u00f8rk\u00f8y","year":"2009","journal-title":"Methods Enzymol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carres.2026.110040_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fcell.2022.793328","article-title":"Selective autophagy receptor p62\/SQSTM1, a pivotal player in stress and aging","volume":"10","author":"Kumar","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Cell Dev. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carres.2026.110040_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"513","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cca.2010.12.020","article-title":"MAP kinases in inflammatory bowel disease","volume":"412","author":"Coskun","year":"2011","journal-title":"Clin. Chim. Acta"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carres.2026.110040_bib47","article-title":"Mitogen-activated protein kinases and reactive oxygen species: how can ROS activate MAPK pathways?","volume":"2011","author":"Son","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Signal Transduct."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carres.2026.110040_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2014.02.035","article-title":"Antioxidant activities of the oligosaccharides from the roots, flowers and leaves of Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer","volume":"106","author":"Jiao","year":"2014","journal-title":"Carbohydr. Polym."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carres.2026.110040_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"775","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jgr.2019.08.001","article-title":"Analysis of oligosaccharides from Panax ginseng by using solid-phase permethylation method combined with ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-Q-Orbitrap\/mass spectrometry","volume":"44","author":"Li","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Ginseng Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carres.2026.110040_bib50","first-page":"70","article-title":"Purification and characterization of a low molecular weight neutral non-starch polysaccharide from Panax ginseng by enzymatic hydrolysis, Pol","volume":"73","author":"Ying","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Food Nutr. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carres.2026.110040_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1111\/imr.12567","article-title":"Gut microbiota: role in pathogen colonization, immune responses, and inflammatory disease","volume":"279","author":"Pickard","year":"2017","journal-title":"Immunol. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carres.2026.110040_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2394","DOI":"10.1097\/MIB.0000000000000204","article-title":"Intestinal inflammation and mucosal barrier function","volume":"20","author":"Medina","year":"2014","journal-title":"Inflamm. Bowel Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carres.2026.110040_bib53","series-title":"Proc. Int. Conf. Health Big Data Intell. Healthc. (ICHIH 2022)","first-page":"343","article-title":"Functional oligosaccharides: the preparation methods and therapy mechanism related to inflammatory bowel disease","author":"Jiang","year":"2022"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carres.2026.110040_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2022.119405","article-title":"Chitosan oligosaccharide mitigates kidney injury in prediabetic rats by improving intestinal barrier and renal autophagy","volume":"288","author":"Sutthasupha","year":"2022","journal-title":"Carbohydr. Polym."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carres.2026.110040_bib55","article-title":"Polysaccharides targeting autophagy to alleviate metabolic syndrome","volume":"283","author":"Li","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int. J. Biol. Macromol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carres.2026.110040_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1038\/s41392-024-01757-9","article-title":"NF-\u03baB in biology and targeted therapy: new insights and translational implications","volume":"9","author":"Guo","year":"2024","journal-title":"Signal Transduct. Targeted Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carres.2026.110040_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-food-052720-114503","article-title":"Nondigestible functional oligosaccharides: enzymatic production and food applications for intestinal health","volume":"14","author":"Yang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Food Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carres.2026.110040_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"769","DOI":"10.3945\/jn.110.135657","article-title":"Regulation of tight junction permeability by intestinal bacteria and dietary components","volume":"141","author":"Ulluwishewa","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Nutr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carres.2026.110040_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1534","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms27031534","article-title":"Advances in the treatment of ulcerative colitis\u2014from conventional therapies to targeted biologics and small molecules","volume":"27","author":"Wilk","year":"2026","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."}],"container-title":["Carbohydrate Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0008621526002296?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0008621526002296?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,12]],"date-time":"2026-08-12T08:18:45Z","timestamp":1786522725000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0008621526002296"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"references-count":59,"alternative-id":["S0008621526002296"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.carres.2026.110040","relation":{},"ISSN":["0008-6215"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0008-6215","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Ginseng marc-derived low-molecular-weight neutral glucan SN-GOS ameliorates ulcerative colitis via inhibition of apoptosis and activation of autophagy in human intestinal HT-29 cells and DSS-induced inflammatory colitis mice","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Carbohydrate Research","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.carres.2026.110040","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 Elsevier Ltd. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"110040"}}