{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,12]],"date-time":"2026-08-12T08:37:38Z","timestamp":1786523858373,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790812800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790812800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,2]],"date-time":"2026-08-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785628800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004281","name":"National Science Centre Poland","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2020 \/37\/B\/NZ8\/00855"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020 \/37\/B\/NZ8\/00855"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004281","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Carbohydrate Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.carres.2026.110055","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,2]],"date-time":"2026-08-02T19:25:08Z","timestamp":1785698708000},"page":"110055","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"special_numbering":"C","title":["The complete structure of lipid a from Rhizobium giardinii bv. giardinii CAS 24 the bacterial endophyte of white Spanish broom (Chamaecytisus albus)"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"568","author":[{"given":"Adam","family":"Choma","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Iwona","family":"Komaniecka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Piotr","family":"Koper","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zbigniew","family":"Kaczy\u0144ski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrzej","family":"Mazur","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anita","family":"Swatek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sylwia","family":"Wdowiak-Wr\u00f3bel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Monika","family":"Marek-Kozaczuk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ma\u0142gorzata","family":"Pawlik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zofia","family":"Piotrowska-Seget","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.carres.2026.110055_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1738","DOI":"10.3732\/ajb.1200572","article-title":"Inside the root microbiome: bacterial root endophytes and plant growth promotion","volume":"100","author":"Gaiero","year":"2013","journal-title":"Am. J. Bot."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carres.2026.110055_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micres.2015.11.008","article-title":"Plant growth-promoting bacterial endophytes","volume":"183","author":"Santoyo","year":"2016","journal-title":"Microbiol. Res."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.carres.2026.110055_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2024.e31573","article-title":"A review on mechanisms and prospects of endophytic bacteria in biocontrol of plant pathogenic fungi and their plant growth-promoting activities","volume":"23","author":"Ali","year":"2024","journal-title":"Heliyon"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.carres.2026.110055_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1685","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.71.4.1685-1693.2005","article-title":"Endophytic colonization of Vitis vinifera L. by plant growth-promoting bacterium Burkholderia sp. strain PsJN","volume":"71","author":"Compant","year":"2005","journal-title":"Appl. Environ. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carres.2026.110055_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1007\/s10725-013-9874-8","article-title":"Drought stress amelioration in wheat through inoculation with Burkholderia phytofirmans strain PsJN","volume":"73","author":"Naveed","year":"2014","journal-title":"Plant Growth Regul."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.carres.2026.110055_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1002\/ps.4147","article-title":"Potential roles for microbial endophytes in herbicide tolerance in plants","volume":"72","author":"T\u00e9tard-Jones","year":"2016","journal-title":"Pest Manag. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carres.2026.110055_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fpls.2023.1152875","article-title":"Non-rhizobial nodule endophytes improve nodulation, change root exudation pattern and promote the growth of lentil, for prospective application in fallow soil","volume":"14","author":"Debnath","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front. Plant Sci."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.carres.2026.110055_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.15406\/mojbm.2018.03.00064","article-title":"Non-rhizobial endophytes in root nodules","volume":"3","author":"Dhole","year":"2018","journal-title":"MOJ Biol Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.carres.2026.110055_bib9","first-page":"375","volume":"51","author":"Zakhia","year":"2006","journal-title":"Diverse bacteria associated with root nodules of spontaneous legumes in Tunisia and first report for nifH-like gene within the genera Microbacterium and Starkeya Microb Ecol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.carres.2026.110055_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1007\/s00203-007-0211-3","article-title":"Characterization of symbiotic and endophytic bacteria isolated from root nodules of herbaceous legumes grown in Qinghai-Tibet plateau and in other zones of China","volume":"188","author":"Kan","year":"2007","journal-title":"Arch. Microbiol."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.carres.2026.110055_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1574-6941.2007.00424.x","article-title":"Coexistence of predominantly nonculturable rhizobia with diverse, endophytic bacterial taxa within nodules of wild legumes","volume":"63","author":"Muresu","year":"2008","journal-title":"FEMS Microbiol. Ecol."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.carres.2026.110055_bib12","first-page":"419","article-title":"Genetic and physiological diversity of white Spanish broom (Chamaecytisus albus) endophytes","volume":"68","author":"W\u0142odarczyk","year":"2021","journal-title":"Acta Biochim. Pol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carres.2026.110055_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carres.2012.03.003","article-title":"Structure of lipid A from a stem-nodulating bacterium Azorhizobium caulinodans","volume":"352","author":"Choma","year":"2012","journal-title":"Carbohydr. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carres.2026.110055_bib14","first-page":"83","article-title":"Bacterial lipopolysaccharide. Extraction with phenol-water and further application of the procedure","volume":"vol. 5","author":"Westphal","year":"1965"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carres.2026.110055_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1139\/m76-004","article-title":"Improved techniques for the preparation of bacterial lipopolysaccharides","volume":"22","author":"Johnson","year":"1976","journal-title":"Can. J. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carres.2026.110055_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carres.2015.02.013","article-title":"The O-specific polysaccharides from Phyllobacterium trifolii LPS contain 3-C-methyl-D-rhamnose","volume":"409","author":"Zamlynska","year":"2015","journal-title":"Carbohydr. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carres.2026.110055_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28006","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M004008200","article-title":"Purification and mass spectrometry of six lipid A species from the bacterial endosymbiont Rhizobium etli - demonstration of a conserved distal unit and a variable proximal portion","volume":"275","author":"Que","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carres.2026.110055_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"564","DOI":"10.1194\/jlr.M001362","article-title":"Structural analysis of the lipid A isolated from Hafnia alvei 32 and PCM 1192 lipopolysaccharides","volume":"51","author":"Lukasiewicz","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Lipid Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carres.2026.110055_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2188","DOI":"10.1194\/jlr.D200021-JLR200","article-title":"Ammonium hydroxide hydrolysis: a valuable support in the MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry analysis of lipid A fatty acid distribution","volume":"43","author":"Silipo","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Lipid Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carres.2026.110055_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1602","DOI":"10.1021\/ac60231a048","article-title":"Quantitative determination of monosaccharides as their alditol acetates by gas liquid chromatography","volume":"37","author":"Sawardeker","year":"1965","journal-title":"Anal. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carres.2026.110055_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1016\/S0008-6215(00)80881-2","article-title":"Determination of the d and l configuration of neutral monosaccharides by high-resolution capillary g.l.c","volume":"62","author":"Gerwig","year":"1978","journal-title":"Carbohydr. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carres.2026.110055_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33660","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M506254200","article-title":"The elicitation of plant innate immunity by lipooligosaccharide of Xanthomonas campestris","volume":"280","author":"Silipo","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carres.2026.110055_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"242","DOI":"10.1016\/0076-6879(94)35145-7","article-title":"Isolation and characterization of lipopolysaccharides, lipooligosaccharides, and lipid A","volume":"235","author":"Apicella","year":"1994","journal-title":"Methods Enzymol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carres.2026.110055_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1099\/00207713-38-2-157","article-title":"Mayer, H. Electrophoretic analysis of lipopolysaccharides of purple nonsulfur bacteria","volume":"38","author":"Krauss","year":"1989","journal-title":"Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carres.2026.110055_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-2697(82)90673-X","article-title":"A sensitive silver stain for detecting lipopolysaccharides in polyacrylamide gels","volume":"119","author":"Tsai","year":"1982","journal-title":"Anal. Biochem."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.carres.2026.110055_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pcbi.1005595","article-title":"Unicycler: resolving bacterial genome assemblies from short and long sequencing reads","volume":"13","author":"Wick","year":"2017","journal-title":"PLoS Comput. Biol."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.carres.2026.110055_bib27","article-title":"Bakta: rapid and standardized annotation of bacterial genomes via alignment-free sequence identification","volume":"7","author":"Schwengers","year":"2021","journal-title":"Microb. Genom."},{"issue":"15","key":"10.1016\/j.carres.2026.110055_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4922","DOI":"10.1128\/jb.175.15.4922-4926.1993","article-title":"Methoxylated fatty acids reported in Rhizobium isolates arise from chemical alterations of common fatty acids upon acid-catalyzed transesterification procedures","volume":"175","author":"Orgambide","year":"1993","journal-title":"J. Bacteriol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carres.2026.110055_bib29","first-page":"429","article-title":"Cyclopropane ring formation in membrane lipids of bacteria","volume":"61","author":"Gronan","year":"1997","journal-title":"Microbiol. Mol. Biol. Rev."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.carres.2026.110055_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"799","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carres.2008.01.006","article-title":"Characterization of a novel lipid A structure isolated from Azospirillum lipoferum lipopolysaccharide","volume":"17","author":"Choma","year":"2008","journal-title":"Carbohydr. Res."},{"issue":"20","key":"10.1016\/j.carres.2026.110055_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14402","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(17)36637-1","article-title":"Structure of lipid A component of Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. phaseoli lipopolysaccharide. Unique nonphosphorylated lipid A containing 2-amino-2-deoxygluconate, galacturonate, and glucosamine","volume":"20","author":"Bhat","year":"1994","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carres.2026.110055_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"397","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01049915","article-title":"A systematic nomenclature for carbohydrate fragmentation in FAB-MS\/MS of glycoconiugates","volume":"5","author":"Domon","year":"1988","journal-title":"Glycoconiugate J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carres.2026.110055_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"620","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-458X(199909)37:9<620::AID-MRC517>3.0.CO;2-Q","article-title":"Multi-dimensional NMR structural analyses of purified Lipid X and Lipid A (endotoxin)","volume":"37","author":"Ribeiro","year":"1999","journal-title":"Magn. Reson. Chem."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.carres.2026.110055_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1139\/cjm-2023-0209","article-title":"Co-inoculation with novel nodule-inhabiting bacteria reduces the benefits of legume-rhizobium symbiosis","volume":"70","author":"Kosmopoulos","year":"2024","journal-title":"Can. J. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carres.2026.110055_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"196","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbalip.2016.11.004","article-title":"Structure, biosynthesis and function of unusual lipids A from noduleinducing and N2-fixing bacteria","volume":"1862","author":"Choma","year":"2017","journal-title":"Biochim. Biophys. Acta Mol. Cell Biol. Lipids"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carres.2026.110055_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"635","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.biochem.71.110601.135414","article-title":"Lipopolisaccharide endotoxins","volume":"71","author":"Raetz","year":"2002","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Biochem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carres.2026.110055_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"805","DOI":"10.1093\/glycob\/cwh096","article-title":"Full structural characterization of the lipid A components from the Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain C58 lipopolysaccharide fraction","volume":"14","author":"Silipo","year":"2004","journal-title":"Glycobiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carres.2026.110055_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2958.2005.04536.x","article-title":"Importance of unusuallymodified lipid A in Sinorhizobium stress resistance and legume symbiosis","volume":"56","author":"Ferguson","year":"2005","journal-title":"Mol. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.carres.2026.110055_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3957","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M210491200","volume":"278","author":"Gudlavalleti","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"issue":"32","key":"10.1016\/j.carres.2026.110055_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10969","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.RA120.013393","article-title":"Structure of the unusual Sinorhizobium fredii HH103 lipopolysaccharide and its role in symbiosis","volume":"295","author":"Di Lorenzo","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."}],"container-title":["Carbohydrate Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0008621526002442?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0008621526002442?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,12]],"date-time":"2026-08-12T08:16:59Z","timestamp":1786522619000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0008621526002442"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"references-count":40,"alternative-id":["S0008621526002442"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.carres.2026.110055","relation":{},"ISSN":["0008-6215"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0008-6215","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"The complete structure of lipid a from Rhizobium giardinii bv. giardinii CAS 24 the bacterial endophyte of white Spanish broom (Chamaecytisus albus)","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Carbohydrate Research","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.carres.2026.110055","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"110055"}}